Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov: biography. Venevitinov's estate in the Voronezh region: address, opening hours, reviews Venevitinov biography

The Venevitinov Estate in Voronezh is a complex of park, residential and utility buildings, most of which were built in the 18th century. Once the whole territory belonged to a famous noble family.

The estate is located on the left bank of the Don, 27 kilometers from Voronezh. It is part of the Nikitin Literary Museum. And this huge complex, in turn, is one from important cultural centers of the Voronezh region.

Literary Museum named after Ivan Nikitin

The main purpose of the complex is the preservation of the literary heritage of the region. The museum was founded in June 1922. The first exhibition was placed in the house of the poet Ivan Nikitin. This building was seriously damaged during WWII. It was restored in the fifties. The museum received its modern name in the mid-nineties, at the same time the estate became part of it.

An old noble family

The ancestor of the family, to whose representatives the estate once belonged, is a man who bore the name Terenty. He was born at the end of the 16th century. In 1622, Terenty Venevitinov received land for his service, and later built a family estate.

It is known about another branch of the old noble family. It is mentioned in historical documents related to the Novgorod province. Its ancestor, according to some sources, is Gordey Venevitinov. This man lived at the beginning of the 18th century.

Most experts tend to the first version. After Terenty was granted land in "Voronezh dachas", he built a house here. The household was looked after by his wife and his son. Terenty was a military man and did not stop his service. But the village of Novozhivotinnoye was founded by the aforementioned Lavrenty Gerasimovich, who was the grandson of the founder of the noble family.

He, like his grandfather and father, served as a garrison in Voronezh, was one of the wealthiest citizens. For two years, Lavrenty was governor in the small town of Orlov.

In 1685, his son, Anton Venevitinov, was summoned to Moscow, and from there he was sent to the Don. He was instructed to bring the Cossacks the money granted by the sovereign, in addition, cloth, wine, and so on. In the eighties of the XVII century, Anton Venevitinov married and retired from service. But not for long . Peter I soon set about creating the Russian Navy. Then Anton Lavrentievich not only continued his official activities, but also took over the management of ship scaffolding. In documents that tell contemporaries about the times of the creation of the fleet, his name is often mentioned.

Like every noble family, the Venevitinovs had their own coat of arms. You can see what it looked like in the image below.

Construction of a family estate

So, representatives of the Venevitinov family settled on the lands that today are part of the Voronezh region in 1622. A few decades later, one of them, Lavrenty Gerasimovich, acquired land on the left bank of the Don, to which he moved several peasant families. The new village was named Novozhivotinnoye. In 1703, the first church appeared here.

In the XVIII century, the manor, which today is one of the most visited museums, has not yet been built. But a park has already been laid out here, there is a small pond. The master's house, according to the majority of local historians, appeared in the 60s. The manor was built of stone. At the same time, a church was erected, which received the name Arkhangelsk.

At the beginning of the 19th century, in addition to the master's house, there was an outbuilding, a cellar, and a stable. In addition, there was a barn and a hut for peasants. The estate was surrounded by a blank brick wall. And near the house they built and plastered a brick gazebo.

First restoration

During its long history, the estate, of course, has undergone many changes. It was first rebuilt by the owners at the beginning of the 19th century. Then a second floor was added to the manor house, and in the 70s of the same century a major overhaul was made. They changed the roof, floors, plastered the walls.

The appearance of the estate in the XIX century

The main information that contemporaries have about the Venevitinov estate in Voronezh was obtained thanks to architectural and archaeological research conducted in the sixties of the XX century. It is known that in the XIX century the size of the house was much smaller than today. There was also a third floor - a mezzanine, in other words, a mezzanine.

The first floor was quite low. There were vaulted ceilings, some of which have survived to this day. But most of it was demolished during reconstruction in the 19th century. The ceilings on the second floor were much higher, and on the mezzanine there were small square windows.

Estate of Dmitry Venevitinov

One of the representatives of an old noble family is a poet who lived at the beginning of the 19th century. However, Dmitry Venevitinov was born in Moscow and died in St. Petersburg. Among the nobles, it was difficult to find two people who would have absolutely no family ties with each other. So, Dmitry Venevitinov accounted for distant relatives of Alexander Pushkin.

Second building restoration

The poet's father at the beginning of the 19th century lived in the Voronezh family estate. There is an opinion that it was this man, and his name was Vladimir Petrovich, who carried out a significant restructuring of the estate. It was during the years of his life that the mezzanine floor disappeared, but open balconies and side galleries appeared. Inventories of the estate, fortunately, have survived to this day. Thanks to these documents, it is known that in 1826 the manor house had two floors. The dimensions of the house indicated in the office fully correspond to the current state of the Dmitry Venevitinov Estate.

After the revolution in Russia, most of the estates were destroyed. Fortunately , the Venevitinov family estate escaped such a fate . But the estate, of course, was significantly rebuilt. In the thirties, a school was opened in the premises of the former manor house. This necessitated interior planning.

The appearance of the estate changed many times during the 20th century. For a while, an orphanage was organized here. And in the first period of the Great Patriotic War, a military unit was located in the Venevitinov estate. From that moment until the mid-eighties, no repairs were carried out in the house.

Manor in the Museum

The next restoration began after the local authorities decided to transfer the former noble estate to the Nikitin Museum. By that time, the western gallery and the southern balcony had been completely lost. The restoration work was led by the architect T. Sinegub. The concept of the future museum-estate of Venevitinov was developed by one of the leading employees of the literary museum.

The authors of the project had the following tasks: to re-equip the estate in such a way that its contents became much wider than the contents of an ordinary noble estate. The village of Novozhivotinnoye, once founded by one of the Venevitinovs, has, from a tourism point of view pretty convenient location. Therefore, it is one of the points of many routes.

The Venevitinov estate is not just a monument of Russian noble culture. It reflects the work of the poet, one of the representatives of an old family, and the peasant culture of the region.

The last major renovation took place in 2010. And five years before that, a monument to the poet Dmitry Venevitinov was opened on the estate. Author monument - Maxim Dikunov.

1805 - 1827

Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov(14 (26). 09. 1805-15 (27). 03. 1827) was born in Moscow in Krivokolenny Lane, in a noble-aristocratic family. Father - Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov (1777-1814) - a retired guards ensign of the Preobrazhensky Regiment, died when Dmitry was only 9 years old. Mother - Anna Nikolaevna, nee Princess Obolenskaya (1782-1841) - second cousin of Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin. The house in which Dmitry was born has survived to this day. It stands not far from Myasnitskaya Street, at the first turn of the alley. There is a memorial plaque on it, which says that in this house at the Venevitinovs A.S. Pushkin read "Boris Godunov".
D. V. Venevitinov received an excellent home upbringing and education. Dmitry's direct education was entrusted to the teachers of Moscow University: the materialist scientist, physician Iustin Egorovich Dyadkovsky; mathematician P. S. Shchepkin; poet, translator, literary critic Alexei Fedorovich Merzlyakov; composer, conductor, pianist Iosif Iosifovich Genishte; artist Lapersh. By the age of 14, Dmitry read Virgil, Horace, Homer, Aeschylus in the original, translated them into Russian, was fluent in French, German, English and studied Italian.
The first surviving poem by Venevitinov is dated 1821. It is called "To Friends" and is a response to A. S. Khomyakov's "Message to the Venevitinovs" addressed to Dmitry and Alexei.
In 1822, sixteen-year-old Dmitry entered Moscow University as a volunteer and attends lectures at once in all 4 departments: moral-political, verbal, physical-mathematical and medical, gaining truly encyclopedic knowledge. At the university, he developed as a romantic poet with his characteristic style. Professor M. G. Pavlov (a native of the city of Yelets, graduated from the Voronezh Theological Seminary) had a great influence on D. V. Venevitinov in shaping his interest in philosophy and its deep study. It was Pavlov who drew Venevitinov to a serious study of the classic of German philosophy - Schelling. The romantic nature of Venevitinov's worldview found expression in the philosophical knowledge of life.
In November 1823, D. V. Venevitinov graduated from the university and entered the Moscow Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. By this time, he was already the author of several poems, mostly freely transcribing ancient and modern European authors.
In 1823, the Literary and Philosophical Circle "Society of Philosophy" (1823-1825) was organized in Moscow. In addition to the chairman V. F. Odoevsky and the secretary D. V. Venevitinov, the circle included critic I. V. Kireevsky, writers N. M. Rozhalin and A. I. Koshelev; the prose writer and historian M.P. Pogodin, the poet and philologist S.P. Shevyrev adjoined the circle. The members of the circle studied the works of B. Spinoza, I. Kant, I. Fichte, F. Schelling, and subsequently played a significant role in the development of Russian philosophical thought and literature. At meetings of the society, Venevitinov read excerpts from his philosophical prose: Sculpture, Painting and Music, Morning, Noon, Evening and Night, Plato's Conversations with Alexander. For a short time, Pushkin became close to the philosophers. The members of the circle were published mainly in the journal "Bulletin of Europe" and the almanac "Mnemosyne", and after the dissolution of the society, most of them united around the magazine "Moskovsky Vestnik", created on the advice of A. S. Pushkin and under the program of D. V. Venevitinov, which came out with early 1827
The capital life of Venevitinov alternated with trips to the provinces. The Venevitinovs had quite numerous possessions in the Voronezh and Zemlyansk districts of the Voronezh province. As a child, Dmitry, along with his parents, stayed in the "family nest". After the death of their father, the Venevitinov family stopped coming to Novozhivotinnoye. The estate was managed by a manager who failed to deal fairly and honestly with the peasants. At the end of the summer of 1824, Dmitry, together with his brother Alexei, were forced to go to their Voronezh estate Novozhivotinnoye in order to resolve problems in management affairs. The way to the estate lay through Voronezh, where the brothers stopped for two days and met with relatives and friends. Dmitry wrote to his mother about his stay in Voronezh, reporting on a visit to the Voronezh governor N. I. Krivtsov. Nikolai Ivanovich was a participant in the Battle of Borodino, the brother of the Decembrist Sergei Ivanovich Krivtsov, as well as close friends, N. M. Karamzin, P. A. Vyazemsky and. Venevitinov also paid visits to the marshal of the nobility, the prosecutor and the chairman of the civil chamber. The poet had the opportunity to see Voronezh, walk along its main street - Bolshaya Dvoryanskaya. He lived in Novozhivotinnoye for about a month, often recalled his childhood, wrote letters to his mother and sister Sofya, and composed poetry.
A trip to the Voronezh possessions taught the poet a lot, helped to see the real life of peasant Russia. The delight of the beauty of the Don nature led to reflections on involvement in the endless miracle of life and the philosophical perception of being. Upon his return from the Voronezh province, Venevitinov will have philosophical novels and poems about nature.
By 1825, the unique literary world of the poet had finally taken shape. Venevitinov's first appearance in the press as a literary critic also dates back to 1825. The magazine "Son of the Fatherland" published his "Analysis of an article about "Eugene Onegin". Pushkin liked this article very much, as well as Venevitinov's comments on the second chapter of "Eugene Onegin" and an excerpt from "Boris Godunov".
An important event in the life of D. V. Venevitinov was his acquaintance with Zinaida Volkonskaya, an outstanding woman, the owner of one of the most brilliant Moscow literary salons. Venevitinov loved her with strong, without reciprocity, poetic love, the symbol of which was the famous princess ring, found at one time during the excavations of Herculaneum and Pompeii. Volkonskaya gave it to the poet when Dmitry Vladimirovich left for St. Petersburg. Venevitinov attached a ring to his watch, in the form of a keychain, announcing that he would put it on only before marriage or death. This event in his life is dedicated to the poem "", which can be called prophetic. Venevitinov's poetic prediction came true. In 1930, the grave of Venevitinov, in connection with the closure of the cemetery at the former Simonov Monastery, was transferred to the Novodevichy cemetery. During the exhumation of the ashes, the ring was removed and now, as a relic, is stored in the State Literary Museum in Moscow.
In November 1826, Venevitinov left Moscow for St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. At the entrance to St. Petersburg, Venevitinov was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the case of the Decembrists, among whom he had many friends. The arrest had a detrimental effect on the poet: in addition to a heavy moral impression, being in a damp and cold room had a harmful effect on his already poor health. In the future, with all his enthusiasm for the new service in the Asian Department, he suffered from the northern climate.
The Petersburg period of Venevitinov's life is filled with intense activity and a high creative upsurge. By this time, Venevitinov can already be spoken of as an established, mature poet, capable of not only finding original themes, but also expressing them in an original way, creating his own unique style of philosophical lyrics. Poems relating to the last year of his life are distinguished by the perfection of form and depth of content, being the pinnacle of his lyrics. This is a kind of cycle consisting of 6 poems: "", "", "Poet", "Sacrifice", "Consolation", "Message to Rozhalin". His translations from Goethe's Egmont and Faust are also brilliant. Venevitinov wrote only about 50 poems. Many of them, especially later ones, are filled with deep philosophical meaning, which is a distinctive feature of the poet's lyrics.
In St. Petersburg, Dmitry began to write a novel in prose "Vladimir Parensky". Unfortunately, the work was not completed; excerpts from the novel were published in 1831, after the death of the author. The poet did not have to fulfill many of his intentions ...
At the beginning of March 1827, Venevitinov caught a bad cold, but the illness could not be stopped. The poet died on March 15 (27), 1827, before reaching the age of 22.
Poems and are dedicated to Venevitinov.
Venevitinov was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic. When the posthumous edition of the poet was being prepared, V. Odoevsky suggested including not only poems, but also drawings and musical works: “I would like to publish them together with the works of my friend, who wonderfully combined all three arts.”
In 1994, on the outskirts of the Kominternovsky district of Voronezh, there was Venevitinovskaya street.

In 2005, Voronezh residents celebrated the 200th anniversary of the poet's birth. In honor of the 200th anniversary of Dmitry Venevitinov, a monument to the poet was opened on the territory.

Fragment of the exhibition in VOUNB named after I. S. Nikitin

Venevitinov DV Complete works / ed. B. V. Smirensky; ed. intro. Art. D. D. Blagoy. - M.; L.: ACADEMIA, 1934. - p.
. Venevitinov D. V. With the verb of heaven on earth: Poems. Poems and dramas in verse. Prose. Articles. Contemporaries about D. V. Venevitinov / comp.: R. V. Andreeva, L. F. Popova; scientific ed., entry. Art., comment. B. T. Udodova. - Voronezh: Spirit Center. revival of Chernozem. edge, 2003. - 351, p., l. ill.
. Venevitinov DV Quietly my days bloomed in the valley of life...: Poems. Letters from the village / D. V. Venevitinov. - Moscow: White City, 2013. - 175 p. : ill.
. Venevitinov DV The souls of prophecy are true... / DV Venevitinov. - Voronezh: Spirit Center. revival of Chernozem. edge, 2017. - 184 p., l. ill. : ill.

***
. Osokin V. N. Venevitinov's ring: sketches about artists and writers. - M.: Sov. Russia, 1969. - 123 p.
. Literary criticism of the 1800-1820s / ed. intro. Art., comp., note. and prepare. text by L. G. Frizman. - M.: Artist. lit., 1980. - 343 p., l. ill.
. Chernyshev M. A. “In the soul of an unsolved thought melting ...”: about the life and work of Dm. Venevitinov. - Saratov: Zavolzhye, 1992. - 280 p.
. Voronezh residents: famous biographies in the history of the region / ed.-comp. Yu. L. Polevoy. - Voronezh, 2007. - S. 116-120.
. Voronezh historical and cultural encyclopedia: personalities / ch. ed. O. G. Lasunsky. - 2nd ed., add. and correct. - Voronezh, 2009. - S. 91.

http://www.azlib.ru/w/wenewitinow_d_w/

Biography

Dmitry Venevitinov was born on September 14 (26) in Moscow in the parish of the now-lost Church of Archdeacon Evpla, which was located at the intersection of Myasnitskaya Street and Milyutinsky Lane. His father, retired ensign of the Semyonovsky regiment Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov (1777-1814), came from a wealthy Voronezh noble family. Mother, Anna Nikolaevna, came from the princely family of Obolensky-Bely. Through her, Dmitry Venevitinov was distantly related (fourth cousin) with A. S. Pushkin.

Venevitinov grew up in a well-preserved house in Krivokolenny Lane, where he received a classical home education supervised by his mother. Venevitinov was taught French and Latin, as well as classical literature, by his tutor Dorer, a retired French officer, Greek - by the Greek Beyle (Bailo), painting - by the artist Laperche. Russian literature was taught by professor of Moscow University A. F. Merzlyakov, and music, most likely, by I. I. Genishta. He perfectly studied Venevitinov and the German language, apparently under the guidance of H. I. Gerke, the tutor of his brother Peter, who died early.

In 1822, Dmitry Venevitinov entered the Moscow University, where he became interested in German philosophy and romantic poetry. At the university he listened to individual lectures, in particular the courses of A. F. Merzlyakov, I. I. Davydov, M. G. Pavlov and Loder. In 1823 he successfully passed the exam at the university course and in 1824 he entered the service of the Moscow Archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs (“archival youths” - this is how Pushkin ironically called the employees of this archive in his novel “Eugene Onegin”). In August - September 1824, together with his younger brother Alexei, he visited his Voronezh estates, which was clearly reflected in his letters.

Together with Prince V. F. Odoevsky, Venevitinov organized a secret philosophical “Society wisdom”, which also included I. V. Kireevsky, A. I. Koshelev, V. P. Titov, N. A. Melgunov and others. M. P. Pogodin and S. P. Shevyryov attended the meetings of the circle, not being formally its members. The circle was engaged in the study of German idealistic philosophy - the works of Friedrich Schelling, Immanuel Kant, Fichte, Oken, Friedrich Schlegel and others. Venevitinov took an active part in the publication of the journal Moskovsky Vestnik.

Venevitinov bequeathed to put on his finger at the hour of death a ring from Herculaneum - a gift from Zinaida Volkonskaya. When he fell into oblivion, AS Khomyakov put the ring on his finger. Suddenly Venevitinov woke up and asked: "Am I to be crowned?" And died. In the 1930s, during the demolition of the Simonov Monastery, the body of D.V. Venevitinov was exhumed and reburied at the Novodevichy cemetery, 2 account. 13 row. The ashes of the mother and brother of D.V. Venevitinov Alexei were not reburied. The graves were destroyed. During the exhumation, the ring was removed from the poet's finger by the wife of the architect Pyotr Baranovsky, Maria Yurievna, and is now kept in the Literary Museum. .

Creation

In his literary activity, Venevitinov showed versatile talents and interests. He was not only a poet, but also a prose writer, wrote literary and programmatic and critical articles (his controversy with N. A. Polevoy about the 1st chapter of Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin" is known), translated the prose works of German authors, including Goethe and Hoffmann (E. A. Maimin. "Dmitry Venevitinov and his literary heritage." 1980).

Venevitinov wrote only about 50 poems. Many of them, especially later ones, are filled with deep philosophical meaning, which is a distinctive feature of the poet's lyrics.

The central theme of Venevitinov's last poems is the fate of the poet. In them, the cult of the romantic poet-chosen one, highly exalted above the crowd and everyday life, is noticeable:

... But in a pure thirst for pleasure
Entrust not every harp with hearing
Not many true prophets
With the seal of mystery on the forehead,
With gifts of lofty lessons,
With the verb of heaven on earth.

A number of Venevitinov's poems of 1826-1827, written a few months before the poet's death ("Testament", "To my ring", "Poet and friend") can rightly be called prophetic. In them, the author seemed to foresee his early death:

... The soul told me a long time ago:
You will rush through the world like lightning!
You can feel everything
But you won't enjoy life.

Venevitinov was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic. When a posthumous edition was being prepared, Vladimir Odoevsky suggested that it include not only poems, but also drawings and musical works: “I would like to publish them together with the works of my friend, who wonderfully combined all three arts.”

It so happened that in one day we visited two quite famous and popular sights of the Voronezh region at once: Castle of the Princess of Oldenburg and museum-estate of D.V. Venevitinova. Therefore, each time, comparisons of one place with another involuntarily arose. Each turned out to be interesting and picturesque in its own way, but left completely different impressions and emotions. In one, we were looking for traces of ghosts and former splendor, recalling the many legends and mysteries with which the castle of the Princess of Oldenburg is fanned in large numbers. They didn’t really know anything about the rest, only the famous English writer Ethel Voynich, who for some time worked as a governess in the Venevitinov estate, popped up in her memory.
This post will, of course, not be a battle of the titans of the estates, but rather an attempt to understand the historical significance of the people who lived in these places and left loud and not very famous about themselves. Perhaps my story about the castle of the Princess of Oldenburg and the museum-estate of D.V. Venevitinova will make you look at these places a little differently.

"What's in a name? ”

What's in it? long forgotten...
By the way, out of the entire ancient noble family of the Venevitinovs, it was Dmitry Vladimirovich who was chosen, after whom the estate was named. He was a distant relative of A.S. Pushkin himself was a poet and philosopher. Although Dima's wonderful childhood years just passed here.

Why him? Probably, against the background of other relatives, his role in history turned out to be more significant. Indeed, if you read the history of the Venevitinov family, one thing becomes obvious that they all knew how to conduct a regular service to the sovereign, and some, having "sucked up" in time, make an excellent career. And, in general, that's all. Dmitry Vladimirovich is considered the founder of a new romantic trend in Russian poetry and an authoritative philosopher of his time.

The most “obsequious” of the Venevitinovs turned out to be Anton Lavrentievich, who, in a rather ingenious way, managed to please Peter the Great himself. This story with the "beard" especially amused me.

At a time when Peter began to introduce all sorts of European innovations on Russian soil, one of the innovations was the deliverance of the noble boyars from the most “valuable” thing - the beard. At the same time, the nobles did not want to part with her for anything, including those from Voronezh. But Anton Venevitinov decided to approach the matter not only with humor, but also with a long-range vision.

Having shaved off his beard, he did not throw it away, but “ala Santa Claus” tied it to his chin. During the inspection of the boyars, Peter the Great, without suspecting anything, pulled Anton Lavrentievich by the beard, but she safely fell off and remained in his hands. The sovereign appreciated Venevitinov's joke and appointed him to the sovereign's service with a good "salary". So, thanks to the beard and not very strong principles in relation to ancient customs, Anton Lavrentievich made a very good career.

But the names of Alexander Petrovich and Evgenia Maximilianovna of Oldenburg are unlikely to be forgotten by descendants. The contribution that they made to the development and prosperity of the Fatherland is very, very significant.

Mostly Castle of Oldenburg associated with Evgenia Maksimilianovna, because it was she who developed the most vigorous activity in Ramon, which brought numerous fruits. And actually built the most important attraction - the castle.

Having received an estate in the village of Ramon as a gift from the emperor, Evgenia Maksimilianovna, with her characteristic enthusiasm, set about arranging her possessions. The low-productive sugar plant was equipped with new equipment, production was improved and a railway line was built for the needs of the plant to Grafskaya station. It subsequently transported not only cargo, but also passengers.
A little later, a confectionery factory appeared. The sweets produced were wrapped not in simple candy wrappers, but in colorful wrappers, which were created by skilled artists. The factory brought Oldenburg world fame, its products won recognition and a large number of awards at the most prestigious European competitions. In 1911, Voronezh entrepreneurs bought and transported factory equipment from Ramon to Voronezh, where it continued the "sweet" business: the Voronezh confectionery factory exists to this day.

Princess Eugenia built a hospital, a school, workshops, a stud farm, a free canteen for workers, and a water tower. There was running water and electricity. Evgenia Maksimilianovna's "menagerie" became the beginning for the Voronezh Biosphere Reserve, which today is visited by guests and local residents with pleasure.

The whole life of the princess was spent in labor and care for others. She personally visited all the production facilities, kept order and tasted the food prepared for the workers herself. She and her husband became godparents to almost every child born under them in the village.
By the way, Alexander Petrovich of Oldenburg has no less merit than his wife. He was engaged in charity work, sanitary activities in the army, opened the Institute of Experimental Medicine in St. Petersburg, founded the first climatic resort on the Caucasian coast in Gagra.
I think that I have not even listed everything that this married couple has done and left for us. And the most remarkable thing is that we still use the fruits of their labors.

What is more attractive: ceremonial brilliance or mysterious semi-destruction?

The Venevitinovs' estate is a classic noble estate. Having lost a little in the territory - in Soviet times it was a school, an orphanage, and during the war years it was used as a military unit - it still retained its historical features.

At the entrance, everyone is met by Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov, immortalized, already known to us from the monument to Vysotsky, by the local sculptor Maxim Dikunov.

The estate is located on the picturesque left bank of the Don. The road to the river passes through a beautiful park, where it is pleasant to walk along the shady alleys, watch the frogs in the pond and rush your thoughts after the fast waters of the Don,

Make yourself comfortable where you have the best views of the river.

Undoubtedly, it is pleasant to sit here in silence, trying to imagine how people lived here several hundred years ago, but there is no soulfulness and desire to return in all this. Probably, personally, I was not very touched by the Venevitinov family in order to want to continue delving into their history.

Beautiful entrance gates with towers, powerful walls of the castle - everything speaks of the fundamental nature of the building.

But inside, alas and ah ...

In general, with all these restorations and restorations, constantly incomprehensible stories take place here. It seems that there are investors, and contracts are signed, and they even started to restore something, but every time everything stops and practically does not move from a dead center.
Stories about mysterious phenomena taking place in the castle do not cease to drag on in a long train. They say that the workers who carried out the repairs were ghosts, then someone constantly interfered with the work. All these fascinating stories play well on the innate curiosity of tourists.

And what are the stories about the princess herself. And she drank the blood of young girls, and kept her servants in the basement, giving them to be torn to pieces by predatory animals, and the Black healer, offended by Eugene, cursed the castle and a bunch of all kinds of horror stories.
To be honest, going down to the basement, involuntarily and not in such a believe. Gloomy, dilapidated rooms, from which it breathes cold and all sorts of mysteries.

Again, the question arises: if you do not belong to any community, why make such images in your house?
Riddles, secrets and legends - all this unusually attracts and attracts the Princess of Oldenburg to the castle.

Our natural curiosity did not give us rest, and we talked with the caretaker, trying to find out if unusual phenomena were taking place here. The caretaker assured that they did not observe any ghosts, sounds, groans and rustles in the castle during their work. It's a pity…

And yet, there is no smoke without fire. The only thing that we still managed to find out was that Evgenia Maksimilianovna was a very tough lady, and possibly cruel. Being a real business woman, she was very demanding of her workers in everything and always punished them for wrongdoing. Perhaps this quality has given rise to these many sinister stories.
In general, walking through the dilapidated chambers of the castle, it is quite exciting to look at the details and speculate about the unusual history of the people who inhabited it.

How the fate of the castle of the Princess of Oldenburg will develop is not known. The Venevitinov estate was again more fortunate: the museum belongs to the cultural heritage sites of federal significance and is sponsored from the same budget. But the castle under the "wing" of the regional budget and the result, as we see, is on the face.

I also really liked the phrase of our friend: “Some built a hospital, a school, a factory and did a bunch of other good deeds, and the merits of others, to put it mildly, fade against their background. What do we see?

Here's a paradox...

Castle of the Princess of Oldenburg. How to get there?

The castle is located in the village of Ramon, Voronezh region. Drive along the M4, turn right at the sign (if you are coming from Voronezh) and move for another 7 kilometers.
Coordinates: 51.917805, 39.346161
From Voronezh to the castle 47.5 kilometers, from Moscow - 495.
Address: Voronezh region, Ramon settlement, st. School, 27

Museum-estate of D.V. Venevitinov. How to get there?

The homestead is located in Novozhivotinnoe, Voronezh region. It is located on the left side of the M4 highway (if you drive from Voronezh).
Coordinates: 51.890331, 39.167831
From Voronezh to the estate of Venevitinov is only 39 kilometers.

The exposition of the museum-estate tells about the life and work of the outstanding Russian poet, philosopher and critic Dmitry Venevitinov and other representatives of this noble family.

Ticket price:

For persons over 14 years of age - 115 rub.
For pensioners - 60 rub.(50% discount on ticket price)
For kids - 50 rub.

Excursions:

in a group of more than five people:

• for persons over 14 years of age - up to 175 rubles.,
• for kids - 70 rub.

group of less than five people:

• for persons over 14 years of age - up to 230 rubles.
• for children - not available

Free of charge (upon presentation of certifying documents):

• veterans of the Great Patriotic War and persons equated to them;
• non-working disabled people of groups I and II;
• combat veterans;
• conscripts;
• cadets of military educational institutions of professional education before concluding a contract with them;
• orphans and children left without parental care, children with disabilities;
• elderly citizens staying in boarding schools;
• children under the age of 7;
• employees of museums of the Russian Federation;
• The first Wednesday of each month - in the mode of self-examination of expositions and exhibitions by persons studying in basic professional educational programs, upon presentation of their student ID.
• Last Wednesday of each month - for persons under the age of eighteen, upon presentation of a passport or birth certificate
• First Thursday of every month - for families with many children, including free excursion service.

How to find us:

396034, Voronezh region, Ramonsky district, with. Novozhivotinnoye, st. School, 18

Opening hours

Wednesday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday – 10:00-18:00
Thursday – 12:00-20:00
Monday Tuesday- day off

The box office closes 30 min. before the end of work

Description of the object:

The estate museum is a complex of residential, utility and park buildings of the 17th - early 20th centuries. Currently, the total area of ​​the museum-estate is about three hectares and includes a two-story mansion, an outbuilding and a park area.

The estate belonged to the ancient noble family of the Venevitinovs. The Russian poet of the early 19th century spent his youth here. D.V. Venevitinov.

Other well-known names are closely associated with the estate - the historian, archaeologist, poet, writer and public figure Mikhail Venevitinov, the nephew of Dmitry Venevitinov, as well as the English writer and composer Ethel Lilian Voynich, the author of the famous novel "The Gadfly", who since 1887 in the Venevitinov family for two years she worked as a governess and teacher of music and English.

Rare materials from its funds are exhibited in the halls of the museum: authentic decrees of the Peter the Great era, rare maps of the 18th century, works by M.A. Venevitinov, works by D.V. Venevitinov, antique furniture, rare books, family portraits and much more.

The estate is a wonderful place for relaxation and contemplation, where the silence and romance of the world of a noble estate help to forget about the hustle and bustle for a while, to flip through the unique pages of "Voronezh antiquity"

Dmitry Venevitinov was the fourth cousin of Alexander Pushkin and became the prototype for Vladimir Lensky in Eugene Onegin.

The Venevitinov estate is the only Russian noble estate in the Voronezh region that has been preserved in the most complete condition, the years of foundation of which have their roots in the pre-Petrine time of the middle of the 17th century.

The estate museum is a monument of history and architecture of federal significance.