A brief retelling of Ryleev's biography. Brief biography of Kondraty Ryleev the most important thing

Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev (1795-1826) is known primarily as one of the participants, the leader of the Northern Society, formed in St. Petersburg in 1822. Ryleev was also engaged in literary activities, but his work did not find much response from the public. Nevertheless, it is Ryleev who is assigned the status of the founder of the so-called “civil poetry”, which includes his lyric poems.

early years

Ryleev was born on September 18, 1795 in the family of an officer. Kondraty Fedorovich's father was addicted to playing cards and, according to rumors, even managed to lose two of his estates at the card table. The future Decembrist received his education in the cadet corps in St. Petersburg, where he spent about 13 years (from 1801 to 1814). Next, Kondraty Fedorovich was waiting for service in the troops of the empire. Young Ryleev managed to take part in foreign campaigns, liberating Europe from Napoleonic rule. Ryleev left the Russian army in 1818, rising to the rank of second lieutenant.

Ryleev the revolutionary

After the army, Ryleev devoted himself entirely to civil service. So, from 1821 to 1824 he sat in the criminal chamber of St. Petersburg, and since 1824 he has participated in the Russian-American trading company. Ryleev's house became a haven for many young writers. Numerous meetings and meetings held in the poet’s house helped people with the same views on creativity and life to get closer. However, one of the most pressing topics at Ryleev’s evenings remained the current political situation in the Russian Empire. In 1823, together with Alexander Bestuzhev, Ryleev began publishing the almanac “Polar Star”. In the same year, the poet joined the Northern Society of Decembrists. Meetings of the Society took place in the house of Kondraty Fedorovich, from which it can be assumed that he could easily “set the tone” for meetings of like-minded people, as well as determine the main directions of the secret organization’s activities.

Uprising of December 14

The news of the death of Emperor Alexander 1, which immediately spread throughout St. Petersburg, forced members of the Northern Society to postpone the date of the supposed uprising. On December 14, 1825, participants in the conspiracy went to Senate Square. One of the leaders of the uprising was Ryleev, who then suddenly fell ill with a sore throat. Due to his illness, the poet was forced to spend most of his time at home, but this did not stop him from preparing the uprising: Ryleev invited members of society to visit him under the pretext of “visiting the sick.” For organizing and participating in a rebellion against the tsarist government, Ryleev was arrested. He had to serve his sentence in the Peter and Paul Fortress. A year later, namely on July 13 (25), 1826, Ryleev, along with other participants in revolutionary circles, was executed. The poet, who behaved confidently during the interrogation, never received a pardon from the king.

It is widely believed that on the day of the uprising, Kondraty Fedorovich asked the Decembrist Kakhovsky to secretly sneak into the Winter Palace to deal with the newly-minted emperor.

Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev. Born on September 18 (September 29), 1795 in the village of Batovo, St. Petersburg province - executed on July 13 (July 25), 1826 in the Peter and Paul Fortress (St. Petersburg). Russian poet, public figure, Decembrist.

Kondraty Ryleev was born on September 18 (September 29, new style) 1795 in the village of Batovo, St. Petersburg province (now the territory of the Gatchina district of the Leningrad region).

Father - Fyodor Andreevich Ryleev (1746-1814), manager of the estate of Princess Varvara Golitsyna, a small nobleman.

Mother - Anastasia Matveevna Essen (1758-1824).

In 1801-1814 he studied at the St. Petersburg First Cadet Corps. He took part in the foreign campaigns of the Russian army in 1813-1814.

In 1818 he retired.

From 1821 he served as assessor of the St. Petersburg Criminal Chamber, and from 1824 - ruler of the office of the Russian-American Company.

In 1820 he wrote the famous satirical ode “To the Temporary Worker” (see below).

In 1823-1825, Ryleev, together with Alexander Bestuzhev, published the annual almanac “Polar Star”. He was a member of the St. Petersburg Masonic Lodge “To the Flaming Star”.

Ryleev's duma “The Death of Ermak” (see below) was partially set to music and became a song.

Appearance of Kondraty Ryleev: “He was of average height, good build, round, clean face, proportional head, but the upper part of it was somewhat wider; his eyes were brown, somewhat bulging, always moist... being somewhat short-sighted, he wore glasses (but more so when studying at his desk).”

In 1823 he became a member of the Northern Society of Decembrists, then leading its most radical wing. At first he took moderate constitutional-monarchist positions, but later became a supporter of the republican system.

On September 10, 1825, he acted as a second in a duel between his friend, cousin, lieutenant K. P. Chernov and the representative of the aristocracy, adjutant V. D. Novosiltsev. The reason for the duel was a conflict due to prejudices associated with the social inequality of the duelists (Novosiltsev was engaged to Chernov’s sister, Ekaterina, but under the influence of his mother, he decided to refuse marriage, thereby disgracing the bride and her family). Both participants in the duel were mortally wounded and died a few days later. Chernov's funeral resulted in the first mass demonstration organized by the Northern Society of Decembrists.

Ryleev (according to another version - V.K. Kuchelbecker) is credited with the free-thinking poem “I swear by honor and Chernov.” He was one of the main organizers of the uprising on December 14 (26), 1825. While in the fortress, he scratched his last poems on a tin plate, in the hope that someone would read them:

“Prison is my honor, not a reproach,
I am in it for a righteous cause,
And should I be ashamed of these chains,
When I wear them for the Fatherland!”

Correspondence with Ryleev and Bestuzhev, concerning mainly literary matters, was friendly. It is unlikely that Ryleev’s communication with him was politicized - if both of them called each other “republicans,” it was more likely because of their affiliation with VOLRS, also known as the “Scientific Republic,” than for any other reasons.

During Kondraty Ryleev’s lifetime, two of his books were published: in 1825, “Dumas,” and a little later that year, the poem “Voinarovsky” was published.

It is known how Pushkin reacted to Ryleev’s “Dumas” and - in particular - to “Oleg the Prophet”. “They are all weak in invention and presentation. They are all of the same cut: made up of commonplaces (loci topici) ... a description of the scene of action, the hero’s speech and moral teaching,” Pushkin wrote to K. F. Ryleev. “There is nothing national or Russian in them except names.”

In 1823, Ryleev made his debut as a translator - a free translation from the Polish poem by Yu. Nemtsevich “Glinsky: Duma” was published in the printing house of the Imperial Orphanage.

In the preparation of the uprising on December 14, Ryleev played one of the leading roles. While imprisoned, he took all the blame upon himself, sought to justify his comrades, and pinned vain hopes on the emperor’s mercy towards them.

Kondraty Ryleev was executed by hanging on July 13 (25), 1826 in the Peter and Paul Fortress among the five leaders of the December uprising along with,. His last words on the scaffold addressed to the priest P. N. Myslovsky were: “Father, pray for our sinful souls, do not forget my wife and bless your daughter.” Ryleev was one of the three whose rope broke. He fell inside the scaffold and was hanged again some time later.

According to some sources, it was Ryleev who said before his second execution: "Unhappy country where they don't even know how to hang you"(sometimes these words are attributed to P.I. Pestel or S.I. Muravyov-Apostol).

The exact burial place of K.F. Ryleev, like other executed Decembrists, is unknown. According to one version, he was buried along with other executed Decembrists on Goloday Island.

After the Decembrist uprising, Ryleev's publications were banned and mostly destroyed. There are known handwritten lists of poems and poems by Ryleev, which were distributed illegally on the territory of the Russian Empire. Berlin, Leipzig and London editions of Ryleev, undertaken by Russian emigration, in particular Ogarev and Herzen in 1860, were also distributed illegally.

N.P. Ogarev wrote a poem “In Memory of Ryleev.”

Decembrist Kondraty Ryleev

Personal life of Kondraty Ryleev:

In 1820, he married Natalya Mikhailovna Tevyasheva, from a Russian noble family, her ancestors came from the nobility of the Golden Horde.

Bibliography of Kondraty Ryleev:

1857 - Poems. K. Ryleeva;
1860 - Ryleev K.F. Dumas. Poems. With a foreword by Ogareva N.;
1862 - Ryleev K. F. Poems. With a biography of the author and a story about his treasury;
1872 - Writings and correspondence of Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev. Published by his daughter. Ed. P. A. Efremova;
1975 - Ryleev K. F. Dumas (Published by L. G. Frizman)

To the temporary worker
(Imitation of the Persian satire “To Rubellius”)

An arrogant temporary worker, and vile and insidious,
The monarch is a cunning flatterer and an ungrateful friend,
Furious tyrant of his native country,
A villain elevated to an important rank through slyness!
You dare to look at me with contempt
And in your menacing gaze you show me your ardent anger!
I don’t value your attention, scoundrel;
From your mouth blasphemy is a crown worthy of praise!
I laugh at the humiliation you made me!
Can I humiliate myself with your disdain?
Since I look at you with contempt
And am I proud that I don’t find your feelings in myself?
What is this cymbal sound of your instant glory?
That the power is terrible and your dignity is majestic?
Oh! It’s better to hide yourself in simple obscurity,
Than with low passions and a vile soul
Himself, for the stern gaze of my fellow citizens,
Put them on trial as if for shame!
When in me, when there are no straight virtues,
What good is my rank and my honors?
Not rank, not family - only dignity is respectable;
Sejanus! and the kings themselves are despicable without them;
And in Cicero I am not the consul - he himself is honored,
Because he saved Rome from Catiline...
O husband, worthy husband! why can't you again
Having been born, to save fellow citizens from evil fate?
Tyrant, tremble! he may be born
Or Cassius, or Brutus, or the enemy of the kings, Cato!
Oh, how I try to glorify him with the lyre,
Who will deliver my fatherland from you?
Under hypocrisy you think, perhaps,
To hide the cause of evil from the gaze of the general public...
Unaware of my terrible situation,
You are mistaken in unfortunate blindness;
No matter how you pretend and no matter how cunning you are,
But the properties of an evil soul cannot be hidden:
Your deeds will expose you to the people;
He will know that you have constrained his freedom,
The burdensome taxes brought me to poverty,
The village deprived them of their former beauty...
Then tremble, O arrogant temporary worker!
The people are terribly enraged by tyranny!
But if evil fate falls in love with the villain,
And he will save you from a fair reward,
All tremble, tyrant! For evil and treachery
Your posterity will pronounce its verdict on you!

Death of Ermak
P.A. Mukhanov

The storm roared, the rain made noise;
Lightning flew in the darkness,
The thunder roared incessantly,
And the winds raged in the wilds...
Breathing passion for glory,
In a harsh and gloomy country,
On the wild bank of the Irtysh
Ermak sat, overcome with thought.

Companions of his labors,
Victories and thunderous glory,
Among the pitched tents
They slept carelessly near the oak grove.
“Oh, sleep, sleep,” the hero thought,
Friends, under the roaring storm;
At dawn my voice will be heard,
Calling for glory or death!

You need rest; sweet Dreams
And in a storm he will calm the brave;
In dreams he will remind you of glory
And the strength of the warriors will double.
Who did not spare his life
In robberies, mining for gold,
Will he think about her?
Dying for holy Rus'?

Washed away with your own and the enemy's blood
All the crimes of a violent life
And deserved it for the victories
Blessings of the Fatherland, -
Death cannot be scary to us;
We have done our job:
Siberia was conquered by the king,
And we did not live idly in the world!”

But his fate is fatal
Already sitting next to the hero
And looked with regret
Looking at the victim with a curious look.
The storm roared, the rain made noise,
Lightning flew in the darkness;
The thunder roared incessantly,
And the winds raged in the wilds.

The Irtysh boiled in steep banks,
Gray waves rose,
And they crumbled into dust with a roar,
Biya about the coast of the Cossack boats.
With the leader, peace in the arms of sleep
The brave squad ate;
With Kuchum there is only one storm
I didn’t sleep on their destruction!

Fearing to enter into battle with the hero,
Kuchum to the tents like a despicable thief,
Sneaked along a secret path,
Tatars are surrounded by crowds.
Swords flashed in their hands -
And the valley became bloody,
And the formidable one fell in battle,
Without drawing your swords, squad...

Ermak woke up from his sleep
And, death in vain, rushes into the waves,
The soul is full of courage,
But the boat is far from the shore!
Irtysh is more worried -
Ermak is straining all his strength
And with your powerful hand
It cuts through the gray trees...

Floating... the shuttle is already close -
But power gave way to fate,
And, boiling more terribly, the river
The hero was noisily consumed.
Having deprived the hero of his strength
Fight against the furious wave,
Heavy armor - a gift from the king -
Became the cause of his death.

The storm roared... suddenly the moon
The boiling Irtysh turned silver,
And the corpse, spewed out by the wave,
The copper armor lit up.
The clouds were rushing, the rain was noisy,
And the lightning still flashed,
And the thunder still roared in the distance,
And the winds raged in the wilds.

In the reader's mind, Ryleev is, first of all, a Decembrist poet, publisher of the almanac "Polar Star", a noble revolutionary, a man who confirmed his loyalty to freedom-loving ideals by martyrdom.

Biography of Kondraty Ryleev

K. F. Ryleev was born on September 18 (29), 1795 in the village of Batovo, near St. Petersburg, in the family of a retired lieutenant colonel, and from the age of six he was brought up in the St. Petersburg Cadet Corps. Here he fell in love with books and began to write. Thirteen years passed in classes and drills, not without childhood pranks, of course, but also with severe retribution for them. Ryleev's popularity was greatly contributed to by his poems.

Ryleev's youth coincided with a heroic era in the life of Russia, with the glorious year of twelve. He passionately awaited his release into the active army and sang “victory songs for heroes,” remembering the heroic past of his homeland. Already in the first attempts of Ryleev's pen, themes and poetic principles were outlined that he would remain faithful to forever. In 1814, as an eighteen-year-old warrant officer-artilleryman, Ryleev entered the theater of military operations. One can only guess how stunning the contrast was between thirteen years of imprisonment within the walls of the building - and foreign campaigns, when in two years Ryleev walked the whole of Europe twice.

Then came everyday life in the army. Ryleev's artillery company moved from Lithuania to the Oryol region until in the spring of 1817 it settled in the Voronezh province, in the village of Podgorny, Ostrogozh district. Here Ryleev began raising the daughters of a local landowner and soon fell in love with the youngest of them, Natalya Tevyashova. Ryleev, having married and retired, rushes to the capital - where life is in full swing. In the fall of 1820, Ryleev, his wife and daughter settled in St. Petersburg, and from the beginning of 1821 he began serving in the St. Petersburg Chamber of Criminal Court.

Creativity of Kondraty Ryleev

Ryleev's poems have already appeared in St. Petersburg magazines. The satire on Arakcheev made the poet’s name widely known overnight. Following “Kurbsky,” poems appear one after another in magazines and newspapers signed by Ryleev, in which the pages of Russian history are read as evidence of the ineradicably freedom-loving spirit of the nation. By the nature of his talent, Ryleev was not a pure lyricist; No wonder he constantly turned to various genres of both prose and drama.

Ryleev's Duma belongs to the genre of historical elegy, close to the ballad, widely used along with lyrical and epic-dramatic artistic means. It is impossible not to notice the educational foundations in Ryleev’s worldview, and the features of civil classicism in his artistic method. At the beginning of 1823, Ryleev was accepted by I. I. Pushchin into the Northern Secret Society and soon became its leader. Alien to ambitious calculations and claims, Ryleev became the conscience of the conspiracy.

Ryleev's poetry did not glorify the delight of victory - it taught civic courage. The poetic maturity of Kondraty Fedorovich was just becoming apparent to his contemporaries on the threshold of 1825 - with the publication of “Dumas” and “Voinarovsky”, with the appearance in print of excerpts from new poems. Having directly connected his life with a secret society, with the organized struggle against autocracy and serfdom, Ryleev in the same 1823 began work on a poem about the Siberian prisoner Voinarovsky.

The epilogue to Ryleev’s entire work was destined to be his prison poems and letters to his wife. On December 14, 1825, the first of the organizers of the uprising on Senate Square, Ryleev was arrested, imprisoned in the Alekseevsky ravelin of the Peter and Paul Fortress, and six months later he was executed.

• Thirty years later, A. I. Herzen began publishing an almanac of free Russian literature abroad for Russian readers, giving it the glorious name “Polar Star”.
• The motives of Ryleev's lyrics will be developed in the poetry of Polezhaev, Lermontov, Ogarev,.

Kondraty Ryleev born on September 18 (September 29), 1795 in the village of Batovo (now the territory of the Gatchina district of the Leningrad region) in the family of a small nobleman Fyodor Andreevich Ryleev (1746-1814), manager of Princess Varvara Golitsyna, and Anastasia Matveevna Essen (1758-1824). In 1801-1814 he studied at the St. Petersburg First Cadet Corps. He took part in the foreign campaigns of the Russian army in 1813-1814.

There is a description of Ryleev’s appearance during his military service: “He was of average height, good build, round, clean face, head proportional, but the upper part of it was somewhat wider; his eyes were brown, somewhat bulging, always moist... being somewhat short-sighted, he wore glasses (but more so when studying at his desk).”

In 1818 he retired. In 1820 he married Natalya Mikhailovna Tevyasheva. From 1821 he served as assessor of the St. Petersburg Criminal Chamber, and from 1824 - ruler of the office of the Russian-American Company.

In 1820 he wrote the famous satirical ode “To the Temporary Worker”; On April 25, 1821, he entered the “Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature.” In 1823-1825, Ryleev, together with Alexander Bestuzhev, published the annual almanac “Polar Star”. He was a member of the St. Petersburg Masonic Lodge “To the Flaming Star”.

Ryleev's Duma “The Death of Ermak” was partially set to music and became a song.

In 1823 he became a member of the Northern Society of Decembrists, then heading its most radical wing. At first he took moderate constitutional-monarchist positions, but later became a supporter of the republican system.

On September 10, 1825, he acted as a second in a duel between his friend, cousin, lieutenant K. P. Chernov and the representative of the aristocracy, adjutant V. D. Novosiltsev. The reason for the duel was a conflict due to prejudices associated with the social inequality of the duelists (Novosiltsev was engaged to Chernov’s sister, Ekaterina, but under the influence of his mother, he decided to refuse marriage). Both participants in the duel were mortally wounded and died a few days later. Chernov's funeral resulted in the first mass demonstration organized by the Northern Society of Decembrists.

Ryleev (according to another version - V.K. Kuchelbecker) is credited with the free-thinking poem “I swear by honor and Chernov.”

He was one of the main organizers of the uprising on December 14 (26), 1825. While in the fortress, he scratched his last poems on a tin plate, in the hope that someone would read them.

“Prison is my honor, not a reproach,
I am in it for a righteous cause,
And should I be ashamed of these chains,
When I wear them for the Fatherland!”

Pushkin's correspondence with Ryleev and Bestuzhev, concerning mainly literary matters, was friendly. It is unlikely that Ryleev’s communication with Griboedov was politicized - if both of them called each other “republicans,” it was more likely because of their affiliation with VOLRS, also known as the “Scientific Republic,” than for any other reasons.

In the preparation of the uprising on December 14, Ryleev played one of the leading roles. While in prison, he took all the “blame” upon himself, sought to justify his comrades, and pinned vain hopes on the emperor’s mercy towards them.

Execution

Ryleev was executed by hanging on July 13 (25), 1826 in the Peter and Paul Fortress, among the five leaders of the speech, along with P. I. Pestel, S. I. Muravyov-Apostol, M. P. Bestuzhev-Ryumin, P. G. Kakhovsky. His last words on the scaffold addressed to the priest P. N. Myslovsky were: “Father, pray for our sinful souls, do not forget my wife and bless your daughter.” Ryleev was one of the three unfortunates whose rope broke. He fell inside the scaffold and was hanged again some time later. According to some sources, it was Ryleev who said before his second execution: “An unfortunate country where they don’t even know how to hang you” (sometimes these words are attributed to P.I. Pestel or S.I. Muravyov-Apostol).

The exact burial place of K.F. Ryleev, like other executed Decembrists, is unknown. According to one version, he was buried along with other executed Decembrists on Goloday Island.

Books

During Kondraty Ryleev’s lifetime, two of his books were published: in 1825, “Dumas,” and a little later that year, the poem “Voinarovsky” was published.

It is known how Pushkin reacted to Ryleev’s “Dumas” and - in particular - to “Oleg the Prophet”. “They are all weak in invention and presentation. They are all of the same cut: made up of commonplaces (loci topici) ... a description of the scene of action, the speech of the hero and a moral lesson,” Pushkin wrote to K. F. Ryleev. “There is nothing national or Russian in them except names.”

In 1823, Ryleev made his debut as a translator - a free translation from the Polish poem by Yu. Nemtsevich “Glinsky: Duma” was published in the printing house of the Imperial Orphanage.

After the Decembrist uprising, Ryleev’s publications were banned and mostly destroyed. Handwritten lists of Ryleev’s poems and poems are known, which were distributed illegally on the territory of the Russian Empire.

Berlin, Leipzig and London editions of Ryleev, undertaken by Russian emigration, in particular Ogarev and Herzen in 1860, were also distributed illegally.

Memory

• In St. Petersburg there is Ryleeva Street.
• In the city of Tambov there is also Ryleeva Street.
• In Ulyanovsk there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Petrozavodsk there is Ryleeva Street and Ryleeva Lane.
• In Tyumen there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Lviv there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Kaluga there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Makhachkala there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Astrakhan there is Ryleeva Street.
• In Samara - Ryleev Lane (located near Pestel Street).
• In Chelyabinsk there is Ryleeva Street.

Addresses in St. Petersburg

Spring 1824 - December 14, 1825 - house of the Russian-American Company - Moika River embankment, 72.

Editions

• “Poems. K. Ryleeva" (Berlin, 1857)
• Ryleev K.F. Dumas. Poems. With a foreword by Ogarev N. / Iskander edition. - London: Trubner & co, 1860. - 172 p.
• Ryleev K. F. Poems. With a biography of the author and a story about his treasury / Edition by Wolfgang Gerhard, Leipzig, in the printing house of G. Petz, Naumburg, 1862. - XVIII, 228, IV c.
• Works and correspondence of Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev. Published by his daughter. Ed. P. A. Efremova. - St. Petersburg, 1872.
• Ryleev K. F. Dumas / Edition prepared by L. G. Frizman. - M.: science, 1975. - 254 p. Circulation 50,000 copies. (Literary monuments)

Russian poet-Decembrist.

Kondraty Fedorovich Ryleev was born on September 18 (29), 1795 in the estate of the Sofia district of the St. Petersburg province (now in) in the family of Lieutenant Colonel Fyodor Andreevich Ryleev (d. 1814), the chief administrator of the prince's estates, which passed after his death in 1810 to his wife V V. Golitsyna.

In 1801-1814, K. F. Ryleev was brought up in the 1st Cadet Corps in, in 1814 he was released from the corps as an ensign into the 1st cavalry company of the 1st reserve artillery brigade. In 1814-1815 he took part in the foreign campaigns of the Russian army.

At the end of the war, K.F. Ryleev, together with his company, lodged in the town of Retovo, Rossiensky district, Vilna province (now in Lithuania), and then in the villages of Ostrogozhsky district, Voronezh province (now in). In 1818 he retired with the rank of second lieutenant.

Since 1819, K. F. Ryleev lived in. Since 1821, he served as an assessor for the nobility in the St. Petersburg Chamber of the Criminal Court, and from the spring of 1824 he served as the head of the affairs of the office of the Russian-American Company.

In 1823, K. F. Ryleev became a member of the Northern Society of Decembrists, then heading the most radical part. In his political views, under the influence, he evolved from moderate constitutional-monarchist to republican.

Since 1819, K. F. Ryleev collaborated in magazines (Nevsky Spectator, Well-Intentioned, Son of the Fatherland, Competitor of Education and Charity, etc.). His literary fame was brought to him by the satire “To the Temporary Worker” (1820), directed against. In 1821, K. F. Ryleev joined the Free Society of Lovers of Russian Literature (another name is the Society of Competitors of Education and Charity). In 1823-1825, together with A. A. Bestuzhev, he published the almanac “Polar Star”.

In 1821-1823, K. F. Ryleev created a cycle of historical songs “Dumas” (1825): “Oleg the Prophet”, “Mstislav the Udaly”, “Death”, “Ivan Susanin”, “in Ostrogozhsk”, “”, etc. Turning to the heroic past, the poet rethought it in the spirit of his own civic ideals.

The central work of K. F. Ryleev is the poem “Voinarovsky” (1825). The author put thoughts about high civil service to the homeland into the confession of the protagonist of the poem, exiled to Siberia for participating in the rebellion against, raised by Hetman Mazepa. The inconsistency of K. F. Ryleev's historicism was reflected in the romantic idealization of Mazepa and Voinarovsky, in the deviation from historical truth in the name of propaganda of Decembrist ideas. In the unfinished poem “Nalivaiko” (excerpts published in 1825), K. F. Ryleev addressed the theme of the national liberation struggle of the Ukrainian Cossacks of the 16th century against the dominance of the gentry. The most complete expression of civic pathos in the poet’s lyrics was the poem “Will I be in a fateful time...” (“Citizen”). In propaganda and satirical songs (“Oh, where are those islands...”, “Our Tsar, the Russian German...”, “How the blacksmith walked...”, “Ah, I feel sick even in my native land... ", etc.), written jointly with A. A. Bestuzhev, expressed hatred of the autocracy and direct calls for its overthrow.

K. F. Ryleev became one of the leaders of the preparations for the uprising on Senate Square on December 14 (26), 1825. On the evening of the same day he was arrested and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress. While under investigation in the fortress, he completely repented and was imbued with the Christian spirit.

K. F. Ryleev was convicted beyond the ranks and on July 11 (23), 1826, he was sentenced to hang. On July 13 (25), 1826, he was executed on the crown of the Peter and Paul Fortress, among the five leaders of the uprising, along with