A genus of white-faced. The white-faced clan Ivan andreevich prince mozhaisky
Ivan Andreevich Ol
29.11.1884 – 19.02.1943
botanist, mycologist
librarian of the Botanical Institute
candidate of biological sciences
studied at a real school
K. May in 1899 - 1903.
Ivan Andreevich was born on November 29, 1884 in St. Petersburg in the family of the Gdovsky merchant of the second guild Johann Andreas (Andrei Ivanovich) Ol (1844-1907). His father was a Lutheran, but after the birth of three children (Andrew, John and Mary) he converted to Orthodoxy. Ivan Andreevich's mother Maria Ivanovna Goh (1852-1920) - daughter of the academician of painting - Ivan Andreevich Goh (1823-1878). Mother's sister Elizaveta Ivanovna - portraitist, student of I.N. Kramskoy, married a painter, future academician of painting, Adolph Iosifovich Charlemagne (1826-1901).
Together with his brother Andrey (future academician, famous architect of St. Petersburg) Ivan studied at the real school of K. May - entered the fourth grade in 1898, and graduated from the seventh grade of the real school in 1903. In the same year he entered the St. Petersburg University at the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, first as a volunteer, then as a real student. Interested in biology, he practiced both with zoologists, studying cockroaches, and with botanists. Under the leadership of A.A. Elenkin (1873-1942), a prominent specialist in mosses, phytopathologist, he began working at the Central phytopathological station of the Petersburg Botanical Garden (later the Botanical Institute of the Academy of Sciences). A.A. Elenkin had a great influence on Ivan Andreevich's choice of a narrow specialty. Having married Elenkin's sister Lidia Aleksandrovna and moved to the Botanical Garden (residential buildings for employees were located on the territory of the garden), Ivan Andreevich began to work in the field of mycology.
Ivan Andreevich knew several languages, since in a real school they taught, in addition to Russian and, of course, German, French and English. In the field of botanical bibliography, he was the greatest specialist of that time. For the complex of works, both scientific and bibliography, he was awarded the degree of candidate of biological sciences.
“Extensive knowledge and scientific experience in the field of botany, command of foreign languages, exceptional knowledge of books in general, and, in particular, botanical literature, high culture - all this taken together made Ivan Andreevich the best head of the library of the Botanical Institute. It is necessary to note such properties of Ivan Andreevich as the absence of formalism, rare modesty, invariably benevolent attitude towards his comrades "- this is how the BIN employees evaluated him.
In addition to the botanical erudition of I.A. Ol possessed outstanding knowledge in the field of arts, mainly in the history of painting. Ivan Andreevich and Lydia Aleksandrovna Ol had a son, Alexander (1913-1996), a future prominent specialist in astronomy who worked at the Pulkovo Observatory. Alexander married Sigrid Georgievna Bauer, at a time when German families (even Russified) were expelled from Leningrad (1938-1939). Nina Sergeevna Bauer, who taught Russian at school number 217 in the thirties, is Sigrid Bauer's aunt. From this marriage, a daughter was born, who was named after his grandmother - the wife of Ivan Andreevich - Lydia. Now the descendants of Ivan Andreevich are growing up - six great-great-grandchildren.
During the war, Ivan Andreevich lived in besieged Leningrad, was evacuated in the summer of 1942 to Kazan, where he tried to establish librarianship in the Kazan BIN group. But his strength was undermined, and he died on February 19, 1943, and was buried in Kazan.
Sources: Brilliant V. “In memory of I.A. Ol ". Soviet botany, 1944, no. 2: 58-59
We are grateful to Ivan Andreevich's granddaughter Lidia Aleksandrovna Yunchis (ur.Ol) for the information provided, photographs and respect for the family memory.
The information page of the site was prepared by N.B. Chernysheva and M.T. Valiev
Ivan (John) Andreevich Mozhaisky (1430-1462) appanage prince Mozhaisky from to years, the eldest son of the prince of Mozhaisky and Vereisky Andrei Dmitrievich, the grandson of the Grand Duke of Moscow Dmitry Donskoy.
Biography
Was born in 1430. According to the spiritual literacy of his father, he got part of the Mozhaisk appanage principality, including the city of Mozhaisk itself.
After the death of his father, between April 25 - September 28, 1433, Ivan and his brother Mikhail, concluded an agreement with the Grand Duke Vasily II the Dark, on mutual assistance against enemies. For the Grand Duchy of Moscow then enemy number one was their uncle - Yuri Dmitrievich, Prince of Zvenigorodsky and Galitsky.
He took an active part in the feudal war for the Moscow Grand Duke's throne. In the decisive battle of Vasily II with Yuri Dmitrievich, on March 20, 1434, near Mount St. Nicholas in the Rostov land, he was with his detachment on the side of Vasily II. In this battle, the Moscow troops were completely defeated. Vasily II fled to Novgorod, and Ivan hid in Tver with his son-in-law, Grand Duke Boris Alexandrovich Tverskoy (earlier his mother Agripina (Agrafena) Alexandrovna had already left there to her daughter, Grand Duchess Anastasia).
To continue the struggle with Yuri Dmitrievich and his sons, Vasily II sent boyar Andrei Fedorovich Goltyaev to Tver to Prince Ivan Andreyevich so that he persuaded Ivan to return and be with Vasily Vasilyevich. Prince Ivan, not believing in the possibility of returning to the throne of Vasily II, refused to help him, saying: “... to the lord sovereign, wherever I am, but everywhere I am your man, but so that now he does not lose his patrimony, and the womb does not wander about someone else’s homeland, but always you are. "
After some time, ambassador Yakov Zhestov came to him from Yuri Dmitrievich, who conveyed to him a request to join the troops of Prince Yuri. Ivan Andreevich accepted this request and left Tver to visit Yuri Dmitrievich. Having met in the Trinity Monastery, the princes moved to Moscow and on March 31, after a week's siege, Moscow was taken. The city was opened to Yuri Dmitrievich by order of R.I.Khromy.
When the Grand Duke Yuri Dmitrievich died on July 5, 1434, Ivan returned again under the banner of Vasily the Dark, on whose side he fought in the battle at the village of Skoryatina. Vasily Kosoy, not hoping to defeat his opponent by force, decided to use deceit: he concluded a truce with Vasily II until morning, and then, when Vasily, hoping for this, dismissed his regiments to collect supplies, he unexpectedly launched an offensive. Vasily II, having learned about this, sent out an order to all the regiments to assemble, he himself grabbed the pipe and began to blow, as a result, the Moscow regiments managed to gather before the arrival of the Oblique, who was defeated and captured. He was taken to Moscow and blinded there.
In 1445, Ivan Andreevich, as part of the united army of appanage princes, headed by the Grand Duke Vasily II, went against the Kazan king Ulu-Muhammad. In the general battle on July 7, 1445 in the vicinity of Suzdal, the Kazan army under the command of the princes Mahmud and Yakub defeated the Russian army. Grand Duke Vasily and his cousin Prince Mikhail Vereisky were captured.
After this campaign, Ivan Andreevich went over to the side of Dmitry Yuryevich Shemyaka. Together they occupied Moscow in 1446, when Vasily II (who had returned from captivity) left for the Trinity Monastery on a pilgrimage. From the monastery, Ivan Andreevich brought Vasily II as a prisoner to Moscow, where he was blinded.
For the services rendered, Dmitry Shemyaka gave to Ivan Andreevich Suzdal. Later, when Vasily Vasilyevich again became the Grand Duke, Ivan Andreevich joined him several times and again cheated on him. As a result, Vasily Vasilyevich went on a campaign to Mozhaisk "for failure to correct" Ivan Andreevich. Ivan fled to Lithuania in 1454 (?), Where he received the cities of Chernigov, Starodub, Gomel and Lyubech.
A family
Wife: name unknown - daughter of Prince Vorotynsky Fyodor
- Andrew, Prince Starodubsky; married to the daughter of Alexander Czartoryski
Notes
Links
- project "All the monarchies of the world". Ivan Andreevich, specific prince Mozhaisky, Starodubsky
- Russian biographical dictionary. Network version. John Andreevich (prince mozhaisky)
Sources
- Complete collection of Russian chronicles
- Zimin A. A. "A Knight at the Crossroads: Feudal War in Russia in the 15th Century." Moscow., Publishing House "Mysl", 1991
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See what "Ivan Andreevich (Prince Mozhaisky)" is in other dictionaries:
Ivan Andreevich Ioann Andreevich Udelny Prince of Mozhaisky 1432 1454 Preceded: Andrey Dmitrievich Mozhaisky ... Wikipedia
See Ivan Andreevich. (Brockhaus) ... Big biographical encyclopediaWikipedia
Book. Mozhaisky (1430 1462), the eldest son of A. Dimitrievich (see). Soon after the death of his father, I. Andreevich concluded an agreement with the Great. book Vasily Vasilyevich Dark (see), whom he undertook to be at the same time with him against the enemy, which must be understood ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
This term has other meanings, see Andrei Dmitrievich. Andrei Dmitrievich Mozhaisky (August 14, 1382 (13820814) July 9, 1432) is the third son of the Grand Duke of Moscow and Vladimir Dmitry Ivanovich Donskoy and Suzdal ... ... Wikipedia
Mikhail Andreevich Mozhaisky (d. 1486) is a prince from the Mozhaisk family. Mikhail Andreevich was the son of Andrei Mozhaisky and Princess Agrippina (Agrafena) Alexandrovna of Starodubskaya. Moscow Prince Vasily II appreciated the loyalty of his uncle, the prince of Vereya, but ... ... Wikipedia
Semyon Ivanovich Mozhaisky (d. C. 1505) is a prince from the Mozhaisk family. Semyon was the son of Ivan Andreevich and Princess Vorotynskaya. Like his father, Semyon served the Grand Duke of Lithuania. In 1500 he became a citizen of the Moscow principality ... ... Wikipedia
"Eternal Divisional Commander".
Born on 18 (30) .04.1893 in the village of Bogoryak, Yekaterinburg district, Yekaterinburg province. Russian, from the peasants.
In the Red Army since 1918. Since 1917, a member of the RSDLP (b).
He graduated from primary school, agricultural school (1909), secondary educational institution (as an external student), Chistopol school of ensigns (1916), VAK at the Military Academy of the Red Army (1922), Special Faculty of the Military Academy of the Red Army. M.V. Frunze (1936).
Since 1910, a worker at a distillery, head of a dairy farm at a farm. In 10.1914 he was called up for military service (108th infantry reserve battalion; Yekaterinburg). He graduated from the training team (1915), as an external student he held the exam for a secondary educational institution. Juncker of the Chistopol school of ensigns. Ensign of the Army Infantry (09.1916). Junior officer (105th Infantry Reserve Regiment; Orenburg). Member of the First World War on the Southwestern Front: junior officer, head of the pedestrian reconnaissance team of the regiment, company and battalion commander (51st Siberian Rifle Regiment of the 13th Siberian Rifle Division; from 10.1916). Lieutenant. For military distinction he was awarded the Order of St. Anna, 4th class. with the inscription "For courage" and the officer's St. George cross. After the February bourgeois-democratic revolution of 1917, he was elected chairman of the company, a member of the regimental and divisional committees. From 04.1917 (according to other sources - from 08.1917) a member of the RSDLP (b). After being transferred to the reserve for the demobilization of the army, he was engaged in the establishment of Soviet power on the ground in the Urals, the Socialist-Revolutionary authorities were arrested and sentenced to death, which they managed to avoid due to escape from custody. From 01.1918 he was in the Red Guard.
In the Red Army from 05. 1918. Member of the Civil War on the Eastern and Western (near Petrograd) fronts.
Commander of the 3rd Ekaterinburgskiy 03.1919) regiment (from 05.1918). Commander of the 3rd brigade of the 4th Ural and 2nd rifle divisions (from 09.1918). Commander of the 3rd brigade of the 29th rifle division (from 03.1919). Vreede chief of the 62nd Infantry Division (from 02.1920). Assistant to the cash manager, head of the West Siberian sector of the VOKHR (from 05.1920). Chief of the 21st Perm Rifle Division. He was wounded in battles.
Student of the Higher Attestation Commission at the Military Academy of the Red Army (1921-22). Commander of the 57th Yekaterinburg Infantry Division (Yekaterinburg.) Of the Volga Military District. Commander of the 32nd Saratov Infantry Division (Saratov) of the Volga Military District (from 08.1923). In the reserve of the Main Directorate of the Red Army (from 05.1924). Since August of the same year - the commander of the 36th Trans-Baikal Infantry Division (Chita) of the Siberian Military District (from 08.1924). Commander (from 03.1926) and military commissar (from 09.1926) of the 2nd Priamurskaya rifle division (Blagoveshchensk) of the Siberian military district, from 08.1929, the Special (from 01.1930, the Red Banner) Far Eastern army. He took part in hostilities on the Chinese Eastern Railway with White Chinese in 1929. Chief of supplies (from 11.1930) and assistant commander of the troops (from 02.1932) of the Caucasian Red Banner Army for material support. Commander and military commissar of the 3rd collective farm rifle division of the Special collective farm corps OKDVA (from 03.1932). Student of the Special Faculty of the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze (1934-1936). Sent to the Central Council of the USSR Osoaviakhim as a responsible organizer. Senior inspector of the USSR Osoaviakhim (1937).
Military ranks:
Lieutenant;
Divisional Commander (17.02.1936).
He was awarded three Orders of the Red Banner (2-1922, 1930).
Arrested on 01.08. 1937 by the Military Collegium of the USSR Supreme Court 25.04. 1938, sentenced to death on charges of participating in a military conspiracy. The verdict was carried out on the same day. By the definition of the Military Collegium dated 03.08.1957 (according to other sources - 06.07.1957) he was rehabilitated.
From the order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 75 of March 13, 1922: “The former commander of the 3rd brigade of the 29th rifle division, comrade A. Onufriev Ivan Andreevich for personal courage shown by him in many battles on the Eastern Front in 1919. Comrade Onufriev at the head of the units of his brigade, which made a hundred and twenty verst transition to st. Zyatitsy, May 21 of the same year
entered into battle with the enemy, defeated him and captured two battalions of white and 14 machine guns. On July 8 and 26 of the same year, in the battles near the cities of Glazov and Perm, the aforementioned comrade, showing outstanding energy and courage, carried away the units subordinated to him in successful ... battles with the enemy and forced the latter to a hasty retreat from the named cities and at the same time abandoning our in the hands of over 10,000 prisoners, 100 machine guns and many other military equipment. "
Notes: 1. Discrepancies in the sources do not allow to fully restore the order of I.А. Onufriev in the Red Army during the Civil War. 2. According to the Cherushevs' handbook, he graduated from the Courses for the one-man commanders at the Military-Political Academy of the Red Army named after N.G. Tolmachev (1931).
Participation in wars:
War with the Tatars. Hiking to Kazan Hiking against the Swedes. War for the Grand Duchy of Moscow
Participation in battles:
Appanage prince Mozhaisky (from 1432), Prince Starodubsky (from 1465)
In 1432, Prince Ivan Andreevich inherited the Mozhaisky inheritance, where he began to reign very worthily.
In 1445, Prince Ivan went on a campaign to Murom against the Tatar Khan Ulu-Muhamed... IN the battle of Suzdal the prince was wounded and barely managed to escape, while the grand duke was taken prisoner.
In the struggle of two pretenders to the throne of the Great Moscow principality, Prince Ivan Andreevich, as it was at that time, took the side of the stronger at the moment - Dmitry Shemyaka.
In 1446, Prince Ivan, by order Shemyaki, went to the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, where on February 13 he captured the Grand Duke Vasily Dmitrievich and took him to Moscow. The prince was blinded. For the service Ivan Andreevich received from Shemyaka Suzdal.
But Shemyaka's triumph was short-lived. Seeing the people's love for the unfortunate captive prince, in 1447 Dmitry, on the advice of Ivan Andreevich, freed Vasily Dmitrievich and gave that Vologda, from where Vasily Dark moved to Tver and began to prepare an army to recapture his fiefdom from the usurper. To prevent him from returning to Moscow, Dmitry and Ivan approached Voloka, and meanwhile Vasily Pleshcheev with a small detachment easily occupied Moscow. Upon learning of this, Ivan and Shemyaka fled to Chukhloma, and from there to the cities of Kargopol and Galich. Vasily the Dark followed them, occupying cities along the way. The rebels had no choice but to ask the Grand Duke for peace and mercy.
Vasily II promised not to take revenge on Prince Ivan for the past, but Ivan Andreevich did not trust the Grand Duke, and therefore set a condition not to come to Moscow in the absence of the Metropolitan.
Despite the agreement, Prince Ivan began to secretly negotiate with Casimir, asking him for help and promising to obey Lithuania later. Casimir did not agree to the proposals, and Ivan again began to fight on the side of Shemyaka. While the rebels laid siege to Kostroma, Vasily II came out with an army against them. Here Ivan Andreevich again departed from Shemyakand beat Vasily II with his forehead, for which he received the city of Bezhetsky Verkh.
Vasily II did not trust the Mozhaisk prince; he hoped to weaken Shemyaka's army by taking an ally away from him; and only Dmitry Shemyaka was defeated, as Vasily II went against Ivan Mozhaisky to punish him for his fickleness. Prince Ivan fled to Lithuania with his wife, children and all his entourage. In Lithuania, Ivan Andreevich received from Kazimir to manage Chernigov, Gomel, Starodub and Lyubech. He became friends with another exile from Russia, Ivan Vasilievich Kletsky.
Chichaev Ivan Andreevich was born in 1896 in the village of Usklyai, Ruzaevsky district of the Penza province, into a peasant family, Russian. In 1915 he was called up for military service. In 1917 he was actively involved in revolutionary activities, was a member of the Council of Soldiers' Deputies, chairman of the divisional committee.
Ivan Andreevich Chichaev
Since 1919, an employee of the Cheka. He worked as Chairman of the Revolutionary Commission and the Cheka of Ruzaevka. In 1920 he became the chairman of the Cheka of the Alatyr station. In 1921-1923. was the representative of the GPU on the Moscow railway, ensured the restoration of the work of railway transport after the war devastation.
In 1923 he was sent to work at the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs. In the same year, he was sent on a foreign intelligence mission to Mongolia, where, under cover, he was the head of the consular part of the Soviet Embassy (embassy). He worked on the line of external counterintelligence.
Mongolia (?) 1923
In 1924 he went to work in foreign intelligence (INO OGPU). In 1924-1925. was the consul of the USSR in the Tuvan Republic, which was then an independent state. From 1925 to 1927 he worked as an assistant to the People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs.
Tuva 1924-1925
In 1927-1930. headed the residency of the foreign intelligence of the state security agencies in Seoul, where he was under the cover of the consul general. At that time Korea was a Japanese colony. The Consulate General of the USSR was located in the building of the former Russian diplomatic mission, in which at the end of the last century the last Korean king hid from the Japanese invaders.
Seoul 1927-1930
During the Japanese occupation of Korea, the Soviet Consulate General was blocked by the Japanese special services. Chichaev I.A., who had already gained experience in operational work, managed to break the blockade. He recruited an agent of the Japanese political police, from whom the most important information came later. There were so many genuine Japanese documents, Ivan Andreevich later recalled, that it was physically impossible for the residency to process it entirely. However, the most important document received from this source was Tanaka's memorandum on the plans of the Japanese military to establish Tokyo hegemony in Asia and around the world. At the Tokyo Tribunal for the main Japanese war criminals, he appeared as an official document number 169.
Seoul 1927-1930
On his return from a business trip to Seoul, Chichaev I.A. in 1930-1931 again works under the cover of an NKID assistant, and in 1932 he was sent as a foreign intelligence resident to the Soviet consulate in Vyborg, then owned by Finland. He stayed here until 1934.
Courses in Marxism 1930-32
In 1934 he was sent as a foreign intelligence resident to Estonia, where he remained until 1935. In 1935-1938. worked in the central intelligence apparatus.
Estonia (?)
By the order of Beria, by mid-1938, almost all foreign intelligence residents of the state security organs were recalled to Moscow. Mistrust was expressed to many of them, and they did not return. The efficient and effective intelligence apparatus acquired by foreign intelligence was put into doubt by Beria and his associates on the grounds that these people were recruited and worked with them by "enemies of the people."
As IA Chichaev later recalled, “I was almost the only old intelligence worker who was not repressed and even received an assignment to go to bourgeois Latvia in order to create a residency and an agent apparatus there in a completely bare place. I left there in August 1938. When I left, I was tasked with sorting out the situation. The question of the personnel of the residency was postponed until my next visit to Moscow. "
Chizaev with his family
In Riga, Ivan Andreevich remained until April 1939, when an order was received from the Center to arrive in Moscow together with almost the entire staff of the station to report on the fulfillment of the assigned tasks. Upon arrival in Moscow, he was summoned to Beria, who said that Stalin wanted to see a resident in Latvia.
Chichaev Ivan Andreevich
In the Kremlin, Chichaev I.A. reported to the Secretary General on the situation in Latvia and answered questions from members of the Politburo. At parting, Molotov said to him: "Expect to visit soon." Stalin warned the resident not to tell anyone about the upcoming entry of Soviet troops into Latvia and ordered him to immediately return to his place of work.
In October 1940 Chichaev I.A. was appointed a resident of foreign intelligence in Sweden, where he went under the guise of an adviser to the embassy. In Stockholm, he was introduced to the plenipotentiary of the USSR, Alexandra Kollontai. The new resident quickly got involved in the work and acquired interesting contacts in political circles. Important political information began to flow from the station.
Without a signature
However, a few days before the start of the war, he was suddenly summoned to Moscow and appointed head of the Anglo-American department. As Ivan Andreevich recalled, the very return to Moscow was not cloudless. When the steamer on which the operative was sailing from Stockholm to Riga approached the Soviet territorial waters, it was almost intercepted by Hitler's warships.
With the beginning of the war, Chichaeva I.A. appointed a resident in the northwestern regions of our country occupied by the Nazis to deploy a partisan struggle against the occupiers.
Chichaev Ivan Andreevich
However, on the eve of the transfer to the front line, he was summoned by the People's Commissar of State Security and ordered to evacuate employees of the central intelligence apparatus and their families to Novosibirsk. Two weeks after the placement of the evacuees in Novosibirsk, Ivan Andreevich recalled, he was urgently taken by plane to Moscow and given a new assignment. Together with General V.M. Zarubin Chichaev I.A. was instructed to negotiate with the British intelligence mission of the ICU on establishing cooperation in the fight against Hitler's special services.
Without a signature
As a result of the negotiations held in Moscow, an agreement was signed on the exchange of intelligence information on Hitlerite Germany, sabotage behind enemy lines, and the transfer of agents into its territory. Chichaev I.A. was appointed a representative of Soviet intelligence in London, where he arrived in September 1941.
Without a signature
In the fall of 1944, Chichaev I.A. was appointed chargé d'affaires of the USSR under the allied émigré governments in England. In May 1945 it was decided to send him as a political adviser to the USSR Embassy in Finland. However, the situation in Europe was rapidly changing, and while Ivan Andreevich was traveling by steamer from London to Odessa through the Mediterranean Sea, a new appointment followed. This time he was a resident of the state security organs in Czechoslovakia.
Without a signature
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 15, 1945, he was awarded the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. In 1947, Chichaev I.A. returned to Moscow, where he took up the post of department head in the newly created Committee of Information, which combined political and military intelligence. Six months later, he became deputy head of the KI department. At the same time, he read a course of lectures at the special courses of the Higher Intelligence School of the KI.
Without a signature
In September 1952, Chichaev I.A. retired for health reasons. For his fruitful work in intelligence he was awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, the Orders of the Red Star and the Badge of Honor, and many medals.
Chichaev I.A. died on November 15, 1984 at the age of 88.
Apparently donated photos
