Church of Anna the Righteous Conception, in the corner. Church of the Conception of St. Righteous Anna, which is in the Corner Church of the Conception of Anna in Charge
Moscow is a city of a thousand routes and many thousands of sights. And as in any city with an ancient history, there are hidden, unobtrusive places, buildings and phenomena in Moscow, which nevertheless make up the very essence of this multifaceted, multifaceted city.
In Moscow with the club "Eight Journeys": Church of the Conception of St. Anna
Such a "hidden gem" is undoubtedly a temple with an unusual name - Church of the Conception of Anna, in the Corner . According to its location, the tract of this ancient temple, no doubt, was named from the fact that the Great, or Bolshaya Street, and the tyn with an earthen rampart ended here.
When the stone wall of Kitay-Gorod was being erected, the builders had to demolish the temple in honor of St. Nicholas of Myra, which stood in the way of the construction of the wall, but in order to preserve this temple, it was decided to make a ledge, which saved the unique structure. Thus, the eastern and southern walls of Kitay-gorod form a corner here, and therefore the location of the modern church continues to be called "in the corner".
This place is often mentioned in chronicles, acts and legends, which serves as proof that it was known in folk life for various events. Since ancient times, there was a Tatar courtyard within the boundaries of this tract, perhaps the same one that was moved here from the Moscow citadel by the wife of John III Sophia. In addition, there was the Black Chamber, or the Great Prison with a torture chamber and a place for the kissing of the cross.
For the first time, the chronicle mentions this church in 1493, when it, along with the settlement and the trade, fell victim to the flames. In the terrible fire of 1547, which devastated Moscow, the church was already made of stone. It is said that the wooden roof on it burned down and the vaults collapsed. Then around it stood wooden yards and huts, which were incinerated by the fire.
Among them, only the wooden mansion of the clerk Tretyak Teplov survived, and the Hodegetria icon of the Mother of God, venerated by the owner, was preserved intact in it. When Tsar John Vasilyevich found out about this miracle, he ordered the neo-pale shrine to be raised to his chambers, and restored the damaged church, making new brick vaults instead of white stone collapsed vaults. He enriched the temple with icons and utensils, of which a silver censer, candlesticks and vessels were kept in it until 1812, and then the miraculous image of the Mother of God itself was placed in the renewed temple.
In the Hard Times, which inflicted so much disaster and ruin on Moscow, in 1611, the church again suffered from a fire that incinerated the entire Kitai-Gorod, and from the predation not only of foreigners, but also marauders who even encroached on church bells, as evidenced by the inscription on the bell donated to the Church of the Conception by Prince Dmitry Pozharsky.
In the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich, the temple was restored in its original form. The church was also taken care of by subsequent Russian sovereigns. In Soviet times, the temple was closed and the building was used for utilitarian purposes, but, fortunately, it was not demolished, although the interior decoration was completely lost.
Architecture of the Church of the Conception of St. Anna
If you decide to go on bus tours in Moscow http://888travel.ru/avtobusnye-tury-po-rossii , the guides of the Eight Journeys club will tell you that this ancient votive temple attracts the attention of Russian and foreign tourists not only with its ancient history, but also with its unique architectural style, as well as numerous monuments of foundry art, icon painting and, of course, architecture and different centuries, preserved in the ensemble.
The temple, square in plan, was built of hewn white stone with cobblestone and rubble filling in the middle, so that the white stone makes up the facing, traditional for stone construction of the 15th and 16th centuries. The external outlines of the temple are very unusual. On each of the outer walls of this square, the architectural ornaments were replaced by three arcs converging upwards, shingled roofing lay on such arches or mosquitoes, but later they were aligned with bricks in a straight line.
The “neck” or “tribunes” of the dome protrude from such a roof, as this part is inserted into the roof separately, and not originally approved on its basis. Such incongruity can also be seen in other ancient and ancient churches, in which the arched roof is replaced by a four-slope hipped roof. Here, semicircular and serrated rims encircle the stands above the windows, and the windows are decorated with platbands. The pear-shaped dome, now upholstered in painted iron, was formerly studded with gilded stars. Its top is crowned with a gilded iron lattice cross with a crescent at its foot.
An altar is attached to the eastern part, consisting of one semicircle, or apse. Its semicircular top is crowned with the same crosses that were on the Church of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist near Bor.
The Church of the Conception of St. Anna is one of the oldest and architecturally most interesting churches in Moscow, and will soon become one of the main decorations of the new park area under construction in Zaryadye.
- April 22, 2017
On December 22, the Holy Church honors the feast of the Conception of the saint. righteous. Anna, when the Most Holy Theotokos is conceived. This quiet, intimate holiday gives the Church the beginning of everlasting Joy - the Virgin is conceived, who has to become the Mother of the Savior-Lord Jesus Christ. Today is a special day for the Zachatievsky Monastery - the patronal feast of the entire monastery. Today, two Divine Liturgies were celebrated in the monastery. The early Liturgy was served in the Church of the Conception of St. Anna, arranged in 1997 in the New Refectory Building. In this temple, the souls of pilgrims are filled with peace and hope from a careful look at the murals of the vaults and walls, which tell about the miraculous life of the holy righteous Fathers of God Joachim and Anna and the Blessed Virgin Mary. The special shrines of the temple are the icon of the holy righteous Anna - an exact list of the miraculous icon from the skete of St. rights. Anna of the Holy Mount Athos and the ancient monastery icon of the Blessed Virgin Mary "Irrigated Fleece". The late service in the reconstructed Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos was led by His Eminence Valentine, co-served by the monastery clergy. To share the joy of the patronal feast of the monastery came the abbess of the stavropegic monasteries - abbess Victorina, abbess of the Mother of God-Christmas monastery and abbess Maria, abbess of the Boriso-Gleb monastery in Anosino. During the festive divine services, particles of the relics of the holy righteous Joachim and Anna were brought out for veneration. The tender joy of the feast of the Conception of St. Anna of the Most Holy Theotokos filled the hearts of all those who pray, revealing the mysterious meaning of the conception of the inner, new man by the all-fulfilling grace of Christ in souls that are pure from all filth of the flesh and spirit. After the Divine Liturgy, a short thanksgiving service was served to the holy righteous Fathers of God Joachim and Anna, and then the Patriarchal jubilee medal was awarded in honor of the 100th anniversary of the restoration of the Patriarchate to the venerable worker of the Zachatievsky monastery Valery Nikolaevich Smirnov. The mother abbess greeted the Most Reverend Vladyka with warm words of gratitude and prayerful wishes and presented a memorable gift - a painted image of the Conception of St. Righteous Anna and a bouquet of flowers. Matushka noted the extreme importance of today for the monastery, since exactly 25 years ago, Mother Abbess with the first sisters, then still members of the Sisterhood in honor of the Merciful Icon of the Mother of God at the Church of St. Elijah the Prophet in Obydensky Lane, entered the walls of the monastery to stay here on all life. The revival of the monastery began in 1991. In the autumn of 1992, the sisters were provided with premises in the Northern building of the cells, and on December 22, on the day of the main monastery holiday - the Conception of St. Righteous Anna, they moved in under the shelter of the monastery. Housewarming Day was marked by the first bishop's procession. It was headed by His Grace Bishop Arseniy of Istra (now Metropolitan).
His Eminence Vladyka Valentin addressed the Mother Superior and the clergy with heartfelt gratitude. He conveyed blessings and congratulations on the holiday from His Holiness the Patriarch to the sisters of the monastery and all those who pray, and prayerfully wished the monastery spiritual prosperity for the salvation of the souls of the inhabitants and all who flow under the holy cover of the monastery.
Holy Righteous Fathers of God Joachim and Anno, pray to God for us!
The Zachatievsky Convent was founded in 1360 by St. Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow for his sisters, St. Julian and Eupraxia. Initially, it bore the name Alekseevsky after the church, consecrated in honor of the Metropolitan's heavenly patron, the Monk Alexy, the man of God. The Zachatievsky monastery began to be called later, when by the command and dependence of the Grand Duke Vasily Ioannovich (Father John the Terrible), who wanted to ask God for an heir, a stone church with a throne was built in honor of the Conception of the holy righteous Anna. The Grand Duke invited a skilled architect, Aleviz Fryazin, to create the temple. In 1584, the pious Tsar Theodore Ioannovich, also in a prayer for the gift of a child by vow, restored the monastery, which was completely destroyed by the Great Moscow Fire of 1547, and again built the cathedral church of the Conception of St. Righteous Anna with side chapels and the refectory church of the Nativity of the Virgin. At the end of the 18th - beginning of the 19th century, under Abbess Dorimedonte (Protopopova) and with the support of Metropolitan Platon (Levshin) of Moscow, a new majestic cathedral church was erected in honor of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos with a chapel of the Conception of St. Righteous Anna in the choirs. At all times, spouses - both simple peasants and noble nobles - came to the monastery to pray for the gift of children. Pious Russian rulers also had a custom of donating rich gifts to the monastery, asking for prayers for the birth of an heir. Since the 18th century, the miraculous icon of the Mother of God “Merciful” appeared in the monastery, revered for the sake of healing and resolving family sorrows, as well as many cases of grace-filled help in case of childlessness. Since then, even more pilgrims began to resort to monastic shrines with a prayer for the gift of children, and by faith and the grace of God they received what they asked for.
In the 20th century, the Zachatievsky Monastery shared the fate of persecution against the Church: in 1925 the monastery was closed, the inhabitants were expelled, the churches were destroyed or rebuilt. The main shrine - the icon of the Mother of God "Merciful" was transferred to the neighboring church of the Holy Prophet Elijah. We managed to save some other ancient icons, among them - the monastery icon of the Conception of the holy righteous Anna, now located in the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos, in the chapel, consecrated in honor of the holy righteous Joachim and Anna.
The revival of the monastery began in 1992, and on December 22, on the day of the main feast of the monastery - the Conception of St. Righteous Anna, the first religious procession was performed.
In 1997, the Church of the Conception of St. Righteous Anna was built and consecrated in the New Refectory Building.
In 2010, the Great Consecration of the reconstructed monastery cathedral of the Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos took place, in which one of the chapels is dedicated to the holy Fathers of God Joachim and Anna. In the cathedral there is a particle of the holy relics of the righteous Anna. On Saturdays at 12 noon, a prayer service is performed to the holy righteous Joachim and Anna for the giving of children to barren spouses. During the day in the cathedral church you can pray, order a prayer service for the gift of a child. In the monastery there are also revered icons of the Mother of God "Help in childbirth", "Mammary", and the Athos copy of the icon of the holy righteous Anna with the Mother of God in her arms. Many spouses, through prayers to the Mother of God, the righteous Joachim and Anna, and the founders of the monastery, the Monks Juliana and Eupraxia, were released from the bonds of infertility and gave birth to long-awaited children.
| Orthodox church | |
| Church of the Conception of Anna | |
|---|---|
| Church of the Conception of Anna in the Corner (2017) |
|
| 55°45′00″ s. sh. 37°37′51″ E d. HGIOL | |
| A country | Russia Russia |
| City | Moscow |
| confession | Orthodoxy |
| Diocese | Moscow |
| Foundation date | second quarter of the 16th century |
| Status | Object of cultural heritage № 7710445000 № 7710445000 |
| Media files at Wikimedia Commons | |
Story
For the first time, the Church of the Conception, which is on the East Corner, is mentioned in the annals in connection with the fire of 1493, when the wooden church burned down completely. It was also called the church of Anna "at the Eastern end", as it was built in the tract [ ] of the river, which jutted out into the Vasilyevsky meadow. During the fire of 1547, the temple was damaged, then restored. The exact date of the appearance of a stone church on the site is unknown, as Andrei Batalov notes, the earliest possible start of construction was after the fire of 1547. For the first time, as a stone building, the temple is indicated in the Census Book of 1626.
The northern aisle of the temple is in honor of the Great Martyr Catherine (built in -1668). There is a hypothesis that he appeared in connection with the birth of a daughter named Catherine by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. In the years 1658-1668, a gallery-porch (promenade) was built around the temple.
The renovation of the temple took place in 1752 (at the expense of the merchant Zamyatina) and in the 19th century. By the middle of the 19th century, chapels of the Nine Martyrs, the martyrs Victor and Vincent, appeared in the church.
A handwritten collection was kept in the church (it has not reached the present day), which contained a story that Ivan the Terrible, after a fire in 1547, sent a miraculous image of the Mother of God to the temple.
In the 1920s (according to other sources - in 1929) the temple was closed, but remained under state protection as a historical monument. Then the building housed office and tourist offices. The decoration of the interior of the temple was irretrievably lost.
In 1947-1948, the building was examined by the architect Alexander Fufaev, who reduced the results of his research into a graphic reconstruction. Some of the provisions of Fufaev 's reconstruction were recognized as erroneous during the restoration of the church in 1954-1957 .
Due to the demolition of the Rossiya Hotel, and then the construction of the Zaryadye Park, divine services were temporarily not held in the temple.
Architecture
Initially, the temple was covered with black-glazed tiles with lancet endings. Remains of the original covering were discovered over the southwest corner of the temple during restoration. The last covering of the church (at the time of restoration in the mid-1950s) was a four-pitched roof.
As David notes, the location of the church was extremely advantageous: the building towered over Velikaya Street, and from under the arch of the Kosmodemyansky Gates, at the entrance to Kitay-Gorod, the view of the temple opened up against the background of the Moscow Kremlin panorama.
Restoration
In 1954-1957, the temple was studied and restored (field studies and the restoration project of Lev David together with Boris Altshuller and Sergey Podyapolsky). The purpose of the restoration work was to remove the later layers of the monument (starting from the 18th century) and restore the forms of architecture of the 16th century. The chapels of St. Mina, St. Catherine and the chapel, which appeared in the 17th century, were recognized as having "historical and historical-architectural significance", their creators, according to the restorers, achieved "a certain compositional balance and harmony" with the main ancient core of the temple. These later buildings have been preserved.
As a great success of the restoration work, David noted the discovery and restoration of the original portals, which were considered lost. Three promising portals with keeled ends were returned to the temple - of the type that is "classical for early Moscow architecture." At the same time, no traces of walkways or stairs were found that should have led to these portals.
When examining the ancient covering of the church over its southwestern corner, the base of the southern pillar of the old belfry, located diagonally, was discovered. The question of its composition remains open.
During the restoration, the bell tower, built in the middle of the 19th century, was demolished.
Notes
- , With. 56-57.
- Church of the Conception of the Righteous Anna / Moskvoretskaya Embankment, 3 (indefinite) . Russian churches. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
Zaryadye Park is a new attraction in Moscow. Soaring bridge over the Moscow River. Unforgettable architecture of the pavilions, where every curve and every shape is verified. Glacier chamber and "samples of nature" from all over Russia. And also - the churches of Zaryadye, as a "historical" part of the park!
Now we will see them all, but first, let's remember what was on the site of the park 30 years ago. This is Varvarka. There is something gigantic in the background.
Giant and terrible. Hotel "Russia", which was built in 1967 on the site of the old quarters.
But here's what's interesting. The construction of the hotel destroyed the appearance of the district (by the way, these were rather ugly quarters), but at the same time it saved the churches. They were not demolished, but rather left and restored, since after the revolution they were, in fact, abandoned. This was done in order to demonstrate to tourists on the one hand: here, we keep history, and our churches are not only in the Kremlin. And on the other hand: to show how these remnants of history are small and pale against the backdrop of the "majestic" hotel complex. Then it seemed that the scale of the hotel should set off the temples.
Temples of Zaryadye: why a park cannot be imagined without them
In the late 2000s, the Rossiya Hotel was demolished. Now a park has been built and the churches in it seem to play the same role - a contrast against the background of modern architecture - but in a completely different way. Everything became one and harmonious.
There are five temples in the park. They have all been refurbished and look like new. Beautiful.
The idea now is that the old and the new do not contrast, but complement each other. Just as it is impossible now to imagine Zaryadye without modern curved roofs, you understand that Zaryadye will lose everything at once, if the park remains without old Russian and temple architecture.
No one says that the temples could be demolished - of course this would not have happened. But they could be “shadowed” by the location of the pavilions or otherwise visually protected. And the result was a single whole!
Church of the Conception of St. Anne. XVI century. The oldest temple in Zaryadye:
This is the only temple in Zaryadye, which is located near the embankment of the Moscow River.
All other churches stand either directly on Varvarka or a step away from it:
Znamensky Cathedral of the former Znamensky Monastery:
There are old inscriptions on the wall. Perhaps they are from the time when the monastery was just being built - at the beginning of the 17th century:
This is the largest temple in Zaryadye and can be seen from afar, from the opposite side of the park:
Or you can admire it through the transparent roof of the pavilion. Here it is: the past looks through the present!
Now the Znamensky Cathedral has become red, and before Zaryadye it had recently been brown and brickwork. Perhaps it was prettier this way?
To the right of the cathedral, if you stand facing Varvarka - Temple of George the Victorious.
On the other side of the Znamensky Cathedral is another building left from the monastery, where an Orthodox educational center is now located.
It is this building, and not the cathedral, that overlooks Varvarka itself:
We return to the park. To the left of the monastery: Church of Maxim the Blessed. Beautiful, old Russian architecture, late 17th century:
Here is a view of the Church of Maxim the Blessed from Varvarka:
Well, closest to the Kremlin is a small Orange Church - Great Martyr Barbara:
The church was built at the very beginning of the 19th century and in its design one can see "Latin-antique" motifs - for example, columns. When Napoleon took Moscow, he placed a stable in this church 🙁
Like all the churches of Varvarka, this temple, being newly restored, was transformed, and with it the whole street:
One of the most beautiful streets in the city!
Temples of Zaryadye: schedule of services
Divine services are now celebrated in almost all the churches of Zaryadye - except for one: the Conception of St. Anna (this is a temple that is located next to the pavilion near the Embankment).
Liturgies are served on all days except Monday and Tuesday (unless there is a major Church holiday)
At the same time, services alternate from church to church: today in one church, tomorrow in another.
On Sunday, Liturgies are held simultaneously in several churches.
Complete worship schedule- what time and in which church - you can see on the official page of the temples of Zaryadye.
In general: if you are in Moscow (or live in it), be sure to come to the park! And not only to look at churches, but in general to take a walk - along the paths, look at the plants, at the river and everything around 🙂
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(Temple of the Conception of the Righteous Anna, in the Corner) is an Orthodox church located on the territory of the modern and eponymous historical district.
The existing building of the temple was built in the middle of the 16th century according to the project of an unknown architect, but it acquired its modern look after a series of reconstructions and restoration in 1954-1957 according to the project of the architect Lev David.
The single-domed temple with a semicircular apse and two aisles (in honor of the Great Martyr Mina of Kotuan and the Great Martyr Catherine), each of which has its own small cupola, was built without pillars and covered with groin vaults. The main volume - a quadrilateral, almost square in plan - is installed on the basement, its facades are divided into parts by blades and end with a three-blade arch. The drum is decorated with decorative dormers; its base is accentuated by ten kokoshniks. The gallery encircling the temple with a massive porch, decorated with a belt made of fly, attracts attention. It is interesting that the foundation of the temple, the basement and the walls up to the heels of the vaults are white stone and made of limestone, while the vaults themselves and the upper part of the building are made of undersized bricks; the thickness of the walls of the temple is 1-1.2 meters.
Temple history
The Church of the Conception of Anna, which in the Corner received its intriguing name from the urban development that has developed around it. The fact is that in the past, Zaryadye was a densely built-up urban area, and the church was located on its outskirts, adjoining the corner of the Kitaigorod wall, that is, the corner was completely palpable. Unfortunately, in the Soviet years, the buildings of Zaryadye and the Kitaigorod wall were demolished (an epic construction was started on the territory of the district and it was planned to build the eighth "Stalinist skyscraper"), so for modern citizens the designation "in the Corner" no longer looks so obvious.
The exact date of foundation of the temple is unknown, but the first mention of it refers to 1493, when, while still being made of wood, it burned down in a major city fire. Subsequently, the church was rebuilt in stone: for the first time, a stone building is mentioned in the Census Book of 1626, but the exact year of construction also remains unknown.
In the first quarter of the 17th century (possibly in 1617), a chapel was added to the church in honor of the Great Martyr Mina of Kotuan, on whose memorial day - November 11 - standing on the Ugra River ended, which put an end to the Mongol-Tatar yoke. Perhaps the chapel was built by order of Prince Dmitry Pozharsky in honor of the liberation of Moscow from the Polish-Lithuanian invaders in 1612. The second chapel - in honor of the Great Martyr Catherine - was built in 1658-1668, presumably in connection with the birth of a daughter named Catherine by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich; at the same time, a gallery encircling its main volume is being built around the temple. Among other things, in the 16-17 centuries there was a belfry.
The name of Dmitry Pozharsky is also associated with a curious story that happened to the church bell. In 1610, the merchant Ivan Tverdikov bought and donated to the temple a French 30-pood bell, cast in 1547. During the Time of Troubles, when the Polish-Lithuanian invaders occupied Moscow, the bell was stolen and taken out of the church; for some time its fate remained unknown, but in 1617 Prince Pozharsky found out that the bell was being sold by someone, bought it and returned it to the temple. It is not known how true the legend is, but the bell somehow was on the belfry, and then on the bell tower of the temple until the Soviet years, when it was removed and transferred to the Pokrovsky Cathedral for storage.
During its history, the church has been renovated and rebuilt many times. In particular, in the 17-18 centuries, instead of the three-blade completion of the facades, a four-pitched roof was erected over the main volume, and in 1752, a two-tiered bell tower was built at the church instead of the former belfry. By the middle of the 19th century, chapels of the Nine Martyrs and Martyrs Victor and Vincent also appeared in the temple.
Photo: view of the Church of the Conception from Mokrinsky Lane, 1935, pastvu.com
In the 1920s, the Zachatievsky Church was closed, office space was located within its walls. The interiors and decoration of the temple were lost, however, it remained under state protection as a historical monument and was not demolished during the clearing of Zaryadye from buildings. In 1954-1957, the building was studied and restored according to the project of the architect Lev David in order to remove the layers of the monument from the 18th century and bring it to the forms of the 16th century. At the same time, the bell tower was demolished (a porch appeared in its place), and instead of a four-slope roof, three-bladed facades were restored. In addition to the main volume, the chapels of the Great Martyr Mina and the Great Martyr Catherine, as well as the gallery encircling the building, have been preserved near the temple.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, it was decided to return the temple to the Russian Orthodox Church, and in 1994 it was consecrated.
According to the architect Lev David, who was involved in the restoration of the Church of the Conception in the Soviet years, the location of the church was very successful: it noticeably towered above Velikaya Street, and when viewed from the Kosmodemyansky Gates of the Kitaigorod Wall, the view of the temple opened up against the backdrop of the Intercession Cathedral and the unfolded panorama of the Moscow Kremlin.
Today, Velikaya Street and the Kitaigorodskaya Wall are a thing of the past, but even today the temple boasts a rather curious neighborhood: the futuristic Philharmonic building in Zaryadye Park is not at all an ordinary backdrop for a historical monument.
Church of the Conception of Anna, in the Corner is located at Moskvoretskaya embankment, 3 (on the territory of the modern Zaryadye park). It can be reached on foot from the metro station. "China town" Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya and Kaluga-Rizhskaya lines.
