Ege codifier history fipi dates. Information on the theory and history of literature

The USE in history is necessary for students who plan to continue their studies in, and have already chosen for themselves the field of jurisprudence and law, sociology, art history, cultural studies, design or architecture. Despite all the popularity of this subject among graduates, it is quite difficult to pass history - in this discipline, simple cramming of historical dates and memorizing the names of famous personalities will not help you.

To successfully pass the exam, schoolchildren must operate with historical facts, express their opinions reasonably, and also understand the causes and consequences of events. Your assessment largely depends on how well you know the structure of CMMs and innovations in the latest tickets, so let's take a closer look at this issue.

When passing the exam in history, stupid memorization of facts will not help you!

Demonstration version of the exam-2018

USE dates in history

The final dates on which the exam will take place will become known only in January 2018. Until this moment, specialists from Rosobrnadzor will have to agree on the timetable for the exam in all subjects that are selected for examination control. However, today you can already outline the approximate periods allotted for the final exam in history in 2018:

• from March 22, 2018, the early stage of the examination starts, which will last until mid-April. Strictly regulated categories of graduates can become participants in the early Unified State Exam - for example, children who graduated from a general educational institution a year or two ago, unsuccessful students of previous years, as well as graduates of evening schools. For an early exam, guys who are not going to go to university this year can sign up, but plan to first serve in. Schoolchildren who change their place of residence, leaving Russia for personal reasons or to study at a foreign university, can register for early delivery of history. Pupils who will be absent from the exam on key dates for valid reasons also fall under the exception. Among such reasons, the Ministry of Education considers participation in sports, cultural or scientific events, as well as treatment or rehabilitation in medical institutions;
• On May 28, 2018, the main examination period will begin. Testing in all subjects will last until early June;
• from September 4, 2018, the schedule will include the days allotted for the additional delivery of the exam.

Statistics of passing the exam in history

Static calculations confirm that the story is very popular with eleventh graders. However, the complexity of this exam has led to a reduction in the number of graduates taking it. In 2017, 110 thousand schoolchildren (21% of all students) passed the exam, which is 49 thousand less than in 2016.

The success of the USE in this subject has increased significantly - only 8.7% of students did not overcome the threshold minimum of 32 points, which is almost two times less than last year's indicators (15.9%). Only 96 children managed to get the highest score. On average, this exam in 2016-2017 was passed at 46.7-48.2 points, which corresponds to the school level of the top three.

Innovation in the exam in history

So far, no fundamental changes have been observed in the structure and content of CMMs in terms of history. Of course, the graduates of 2018 are interested in the question of whether history will be included in the list of required exams for obtaining a certificate. Rumors that this particular exam can add to the list of mandatory ones have been circulating since 2014. Officials representing the Ministry of Education and Science disseminated information last year that it is worth waiting for the introduction of the third compulsory exam in 2018.

Until the 2020 academic year, history will still be an elective

Most specialists from the specialized commissions considered that history is the best choice in this regard, because the knowledge of the history of their country among modern students is frankly lame. However, graduates of the 2017/2918 school year can breathe a sigh of relief. According to Olga Vasilyeva, who heads the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, history will indeed become the third compulsory USE, but this will happen only in 2020.

Regulations for the exam in history

To work with the examination sheet, 235 minutes are allotted. The actions of students are strictly regulated, and a list of permitted and prohibited items has been approved. You cannot use any additional materials on the story - before the students are launched into the classroom, they will have to empty their pockets of foreign objects, which include not only cribs, but also smartphones, cameras, headphones, tablets, smart watches and any other equipment. which the metal detector frame will immediately detect.

The examiners are forbidden to change seats, talk to neighbors, turn their heads in the hope of spying on the answer, or leave the classroom without the permission of a special member of the supervisory committee. The representative of the organizing committee must necessarily accompany the schoolchildren to the first-aid post or toilet room. Any action prohibited by the regulations will lead to the removal of the graduate from the classroom and the cancellation of his test.

What is included in the history ticket?

KIMs cover the content of the school course of the history of Russia from ancient times to the present. In addition, tickets include missions from world history regarding wars, diplomatic aspects, cultural milestones and economic relations between countries. A distinctive feature of this USE is a huge layer of tasks that test knowledge of facts and dates, as well as identifying how students have analytical, information and communication skills. To successfully pass the exam, students must:

• systematize historical facts;
• to establish relationships of cause-effect and structural nature;
• put into practice the skills of working with texts, tables, illustrations and maps;
• argue your opinion using historical facts.

You will have to brush up on your school history course to pass

KIMs in history are structurally represented by 25 tasks, divided into two parts:

• part 1 - 19 tasks in which students must select and write down the correct answers, based on the proposed list; arrange these elements in a certain sequence; match or briefly record the answer in the form of a specific term, date or name. In total, for this part of the work, you can get 31 primary points (56.4% of all points for a ticket);
• part 2 - 6 tasks providing a detailed answer. Assignments of this type allow you to identify and evaluate the complex skills and knowledge of students. So, in tasks number 20-22, you need to bring a historical source, extracting and analyzing the information received. In tasks 23 to 25 you have to study historical processes and phenomena, demonstrate the techniques of cause-and-effect, structural-functional, temporal and spatial analysis, in tasks 23 and 24 you will analyze the specified historical situation, and in task 25 you will write a short essay on the historical subject, choosing one of three periods in the history of Russia. In total, for this part of the work, you can get 24 primary points (43.6% of all points for the ticket).

The maximum primary score for all work is 55.

It will be possible to perform the work for 235 minutes. Experts from FIPI recommend distributing time as follows:

• allow 3 to 7 minutes for each task in Part 1;
• to complete the tasks from part 2 (not counting the essay) it will take from 5 to 20 minutes;
• for task number 25 (composition) - from 40 to 80 minutes.

Assessment of the exam in history

Starting last year, the points that an eleventh grader received on the USE have an impact on the certificate. The maximum score that can be obtained for this exam is 100. If we translate the scorecard into the school system of assessing knowledge, then the picture looks like this:

• if a student scored 0-31 points, then he does not know the subject and receives a "two";
• 32-49 points are identical to the mark "three";
• 50-67 points, scored for the test, allow you to get a grade of "four";
• from 68 points and above - this is an excellent mark.

Students who want to enter a higher education institution must receive at least 32 points for the test, but this is far from a guarantee of admission. To pass on the budget, most universities require that the story be submitted for at least 70 points. If we are talking about prestigious educational institutions, then in this case the student is required to have a certificate with 87 points and above.

How to prepare for the exam?

Preparing for the exam in history is not just cramming dates and names that are found in the school course. This subject assumes a significant creative component, so that every event that happened in the history of Russia or the world is worth not only memorizing, but also comprehending its causes and consequences.

However, it is also not worth neglecting the structural component of the ticket - if you spend too long figuring out how the ticket is built and how to enter the answers to tasks, you will lose precious time. To practice filling out the CMMs and understand what formulations and historical milestones you will face in the exam in 2018, work out the demo version of the ticket (see links at the beginning of the article).

Taking the exam requires a long and systematic independent work

Naturally, you don't need to memorize the demo version - the real ticket will differ significantly from the examples in both content and content, although in general the tasks are quite similar. In addition, when on the exam you receive a ticket that you are at least approximately familiar with, you will not be nervous and worried that you will not understand and confuse something when completing the assignments.

Essay requirements

Preparation for task number 25 plays a huge role. Experts from FIPI advise students to familiarize themselves with the topics of essays from past years, and then prepare a short text for each of them. Follow the scheme developed by the methodologists so as not to miss any of the structural parts of the essay:

• introduction - in this part, it is necessary to outline the framework of the selected historical period;
• main part - here you will have to describe several phenomena or events that have become significant for the specified period of time. In this part, the student should mention two historical figures who played an important role in the events described, and reveal their influence on this historical period. Next, you need to analyze the causal relationships between events and the consequences to which they led;
• conclusions - the part in which you need to give an overall assessment of the selected period.

The committee will evaluate the essay based on the following criteria:

• the correctness of the indicated events (2 points);
• the correct choice of historical figures and a competent definition of their role (2 points);
• the accuracy of the causes and effects of certain historical events (3 points);
• the correctness of the assessment of the impact of this historical period on the future fate of Russia (1 point);

“History is not a teacher, but an edifier, a teacher of life; she does not teach anything, but only punishes for ignorance of the lessons "- considered the great Russian historian V.O. Klyuchevsky. Let's not make mistakes, but start teaching the lessons of the 2018 exam by studying a new demo version of the exam.

The exam in history has become more difficult!

In August 2018, FIPI published new guidelines for preparing graduates for the Unified State Exam. Among the many subjects that have undergone major changes in the basic documents, a new approach is needed now in preparing for history. Moreover, these are the changes that significantly complicate the exam itself, which is already quite specific!

The USE results in history for 2018 remained at the same level. This year The USE was taken by more than 750,000 schoolchildren throughout the Russian Federation. 650,000 thousand people are graduates of this year.

This year the number of canceled jobs has decreased significantly. For the entire USE period from exams removed about 400 people, more than half of them tried to use a mobile phone.

The average score in 2018 is 60 points. The exam was passed 130,000 thousand people, 1.5% more than in 2017. 260 people scored the maximum number of points, and 9% could not pass the exam.

And here is our experience in preparing a graduate for the Unified State Exam-2018:

Demo version of the exam 2019 in history

So, the codifier - the list of topics tested on the Unified State Exam has not changed, since the old standards for graduates of 2018 remained in force, as well as demo version - the structure and level of complexity, the types of tasks offered, have changed a lot. Pay attention to demo version of the exam 2019 in history!

What are the main changes in the USE 2019 in history?

In fact, there are no changes in the quality level in the tasks. In part 1, nothing has changed. Small revision of the criterion for assessing task 21 (to the source text).

Unlike OGE materials (for grade 9), no test part. Or rather. it is not in the usual form in which we are used to seeing it! You cannot choose one correct answer from the four suggested. Now you need to clearly know the sequence of events, the term, and, most importantly, not only know the main historical sources on the history of the country, but also be able to interpret them, tie them to events and draw conclusions! For example, how it began.

It's simple, if here you know what happened in 1240, and you know the rules for converting years into centuries (you add one to the first two digits of a four-digit number and you get the desired century), then answer 3.

Battle of the Neva in 1242(12 +1) \u003d XIII century

Now things have become more complicated. Here is the first question demos 2018:

History question 1 of the 2019 USE demo

The question is not only about the knowledge of dates, but rather about the ability to compare chronologically entire eras. So, if you don't know the exact date:

Then you can "tie" this date to history, remember that these events are directly related to the creation of the approval of the ideological concept

The theory "Moscow - the Third Rome".

That is, even not knowing the exact events of world history should not confuse you. Although, we note that this becomes a necessary competence!

As we will see, continuing our analysis of the 2019 demo, there are more work assignments with a block of assignments with maps and illustrative material (difficult, as a rule, for a graduate) preserved in the same volume. And especially since 2017, the written part 2 has been complicated. So, instead of the usual task, a HISTORICAL ESSAY was introduced, about which our separate conversation and

Let's start analyzing the demo!

Now let's go through the tasks in order, some of which we have already met in the old demo of 2016, and some have either changed the numbering, or a completely new task.

The task is a little more complicated (6 options to choose from instead of the previous 5), but in such content it should not pose a threat. If you do not know these key dates, why then go to the USE in history at all?

For ease of memorizing even such dates, you can turn on associative memory, recall literary works, pictures telling about the event.

Answer: 2643.

The third question is similar, but here it is not a correspondence of a set of phenomena, but a general series. The knowledge of the terms that characterize the phenomena of one of the periods of the country's history (in this case, the 19th century) and the ability to isolate a term that falls out of the general range are tested.

TASK CHANGED! And more complicated, it requires 2 answers!

Question 3 of the 2019 USE demo in history

Free farmers, ministries, Decembrists, military settlements characterize the period of the reign of Alexander I and Nicholas I (1801-1855). Justices of the peace - the result of the implementation of the judicial reform of Alexander II (1855-1881). And here june third coup - the event of 1907, which completed the First Russian Revolution (1905-1907).

Answer: 46.

The change in the electoral system to the Third State Duma in favor of the government is one of the results of the dissolution of the Second Duma without its consent (which actually violated the Basic Laws of the Russian Empire in 1906), therefore coup.The Octobrists are the political party "Union of October 17", key participants in the events associated with the first stage of Russian parliamentarism at the beginning of the 20th century (1906-1917).

So, if you know that Tsar Ivan IV divided in the years of the oprichnina (1665-1672) into the oprichnina proper and the ZEMSHCHINA, you will write this term, if not ... Alas! Answer: ZEMSHCHINA.More details

This task is more difficult than the task for compliance No. 2, here it is not only necessary to know the facts (that, for example, in the mainstream of the policy of "Enlightened Absolutism" of Catherine the Great, the Legislative Commission of 1767 was convened).

P.S. There was NO battle at the Dubosekovo junction !!! A typical fragment of propaganda and history of the country as its component!

Help-report of the chief military prosecutor N. Afanasyev "On 28 Panfilov's men"

Another question of correspondence, this time between historical figures and the events in which they took part.

History question 9 of the 2019 exam demo

Selection method: in the Battle of the Ice in 1242, St. Alexander Nevsky defeated the Teutons, the commander in the Livonian War was a friend and, then, an enemy of Ivan the Terrible, Andrei Kurbsky.

The cavalry of Peter I in the Battle of Poltava in 1709 was commanded by his colleague Menshikov, and the Soviet commander Mikhail Frunze defeated the troops of Baron Wrangel in the Crimea in 1820 during the final phase of the Civil War (1918-1922). The question does not seem difficult, although it is also slightly complicated by one more superfluous answer option.

Answer: 4356.

This is a typical source analysis question. The logic of reasoning can be as follows: 1) This is the period of the USSR. 2) Memories (memoirs) were left behind only by the leaders of the country N.S. Khrushchev. 3) "I criticized Stalin ...". Let us recall the XX Party Congress in 1956. 4) For verification. Indeed, from 1958 to 1964. Khrushchev served as both party leader (First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee) and head of government and state (Chairman of the Council of Ministers), as the text says.

The main thing when working with texts is to highlight semantic markers! More about the principles of working with texts on the exam in history

11 TASK CHANGED in content! And more complicated, moreover, requires a fairly deep knowledge of the UNIVERSAL HISTORY (the Third Crusade, how do you?)!

Here's what happened in 2016:

And here's what happened:

History question 11 of the 2018 USE demo

Here you need to pay attention to the USE codifier in history, which, along with the topics necessary for preparing for the exam, contains a list of events and processes in world history that can be checked on the USE. And, often, they are not directly related to the history of Russia.

USE codifier in history 2019. List of verifiable events in World History

And, of course, you need not only to know the dates, according to Russian history, first of all, but also, thinking, to carry out associations: Monomakh went to The 1111 Crusade? Yes! This means that around this time there were Crusades in Europe. Simultaneously with the abolition of Serfdom in Russia in 1861, the Civil War was going on in the United States, and Lincoln abolished slavery!

In my opinion, the greatest events in the world today are, on the one hand, the American slave movement, which began with Brown's death, and, on the other, the slave movement in Russia.

About the Reformation, sorry, I will not now

History question 11 of the 2019 exam demo. ANSWER

A more complex question on the analysis of a source requires not only the ability to work with it, but also rely on known facts that are not indicated directly in the source. As we can see, the historical context accompanying this telegram is the Kornilov revolt (August) of 1917.

So, it is clear that events are already taking place in a situation of revolutionary upheavals in 1917, option 1 is not correct. The month of August, the Provisional Government is still in power, and not the Bolshevik Council of People's Commissars of the Council of People's Commissars) is the result of their achievements of the October Revolution. Option 2 is not correct. But he would not have existed if Kornilov had been luckier. His plans to suppress the revolution failed. Option 5 is also not correct.

Question 13 of the 2019 exam demo in history.

So, first of all, when analyzing the map, we pay attention to what we see: and their names, the campaigns of the Russians on the territory of the united Russian state ... We conclude that we have on the map the first stage of the history of Russia and the events associated with it!

And, accordingly, the arrows on the map indicating military campaigns, and with significant activity? Let us immediately recall the name of the most active in foreign policy and campaigns of conquest of the ancient Russian prince? Whom did the people of Kiev reproach:

"Why, prince, don't you want to rule over us?"

6) Prince of Kiev Oleg made a campaign, indicated in the legend of the scheme by the number "2". Well, the right option, we look closely, and we see the standard for the ancient Russian princes campaign against Constantinople on the way "from the Varangians to the Greeks." About this we are with you. The correct option.

Answer: 146.

A new assignment dedicated to understanding the trends and facts of cultural development. The block "Culture" also becomes more complicated in this way.

Knowing the dates will help you here:

1185 - the estimated date of the campaign described in "The Lay of Igor's Host" (XII century)

And facts:

1965 - laureate of the Nobel Prize in Literature "for the artistic power and integrity of the epic about the Don Cossacks at a crucial time for Russia")

Job assignment with illustrative material.

History question 18 of the 2019 USE demo

You need to know that Mikhail Tukhachevsky is a hero of the First World War, the Civil War. Was destroyed at the height of Stalin's repression in 1937(1 fits) being accused of conspiracy against the Best Friend of Soviet Children. And also, which is natural, the years of government of our leaders of the state: Nicholas II ruled from 1894 to 1917, 1893 (2 does not fit !!!), N.S. Khrushchev was in power from 1956 to 1964. (5 fits).

Answer: 15.

And the final question of Part 1. He logically connects with the one standing in front of him, one should not forget this!

History question 19 of the 2019 USE demo

As we already understood, the answer is 1 NOT TRUE, Tukhachevsky did not live during the Second World War. Also, the first railway in Russia was built in 1837, long before the birth of Tukhachevsky. 2 WRONG.

But Russian parliamentarism (the activities of the first Dumas 1906-1917) and the creation of the USSR in 1922, Tukhachevsky found. Options 34 are CORRECT.

Answer: 34.

This concludes the analysis of the test part 1 of the USE 2019 demo in history. Answers to difficult written assignments are in the appendices to the demo, one of them by us when studying the first introductory topic of the country's history about A about

Recall that you can complete tasks and discuss them

Specification
control measuring materials
for the unified state examination in 2018
by HISTORY

1. Appointment of KIM USE

The Unified State Exam (USE) is a form of objective assessment of the quality of training of persons who have mastered educational programs of secondary general education, using standardized tasks (control measuring materials).

The Unified State Exam is conducted in accordance with Federal Law No. 273-FZ of December 29, 2012 "On Education in the Russian Federation".

Control measuring materials allow to establish the level of mastering by graduates of knowledge and skills in the course of history in accordance with the requirements of the Federal component of state standards of secondary (complete) general education, basic and profile levels.

The results of the unified state examination in history are recognized by educational organizations of higher professional education as the results of entrance examinations in history.

2. Documents defining the content of CMM

3. Approaches to the selection of content and development of the structure of CMM

The examination paper covers the content of the course on the history of Russia from antiquity to the present, including elements of world history (history of wars, diplomacy, culture, economic relations, etc.) and is aimed at identifying the educational achievements of graduates of secondary educational institutions.

CMM assignments include a significant layer of actual material. At the same time, special attention is paid to testing the analytical, information and communication skills of graduates. Attention is focused on tasks aimed at testing skills: to systematize historical facts; establish causal, structural and other relationships; use sources of information of different types (text source, table, historical map, illustration) to solve cognitive problems; to argue their own position with the involvement of historical knowledge; to present the results of historical and cognitive activity in a free form with an orientation to the given parameters of activity. Orientation to the active activity of the examinees, as well as the involvement of a wide range of historical sources, problematic historical materials create

opportunities to identify graduates who are most focused on continuing their education in this profile. All of the above allows you to qualitatively differentiate the participants in the exam by their level of history training.

4. The structure of the KIM USE

Each version of the examination work consists of two parts and includes 25 tasks that differ in form and level of difficulty.

Part 1 contains 19 tasks with a short answer.

In the examination paper, the following types of tasks with a short answer are proposed:

• tasks for choosing and recording one or more correct answers from the proposed list of answers;
• tasks to determine the sequence of the arrangement of these elements;
• assignments to establish the correspondence of elements, data in several information series;
• assignments for the definition according to the indicated signs and recording in the form of a word (phrase) of a term, name, name, century, year, etc.

The answer to the tasks of Part 1 is given by a corresponding entry in the form of a digit or a sequence of digits written without spaces and other separators; the words; phrases (also written without spaces and other separators).

Part 2 contains 6 tasks with a detailed answer, identifying and assessing the development of various complex skills by graduates.

20-22 - a set of tasks related to the analysis of a historical source (attribution of the source; extraction of information; attraction of historical knowledge to analyze the problems of the source, the position of the author).

23-25 \u200b\u200b- tasks related to the use of methods of cause-and-effect, structural-functional, temporal and spatial analysis for the study of historical processes and phenomena. Task 23 is connected with the analysis of any historical problem, situation. Task 24 - analysis of historical versions and assessments, argumentation of different points of view using the knowledge of the course. Task 25 involves writing a historical essay. Alternative task 25: a graduate has the opportunity to choose one of three periods of Russian history and demonstrate his knowledge and skills on the historical material he is most familiar with. Task 25 is evaluated according to a system of criteria.

Table 1. Distribution of tasks by parts of the examination work

5. Distribution of KIM USE tasks by content, types of skills and methods of activity

The work is based on the requirements of the Historical and Cultural Standard, each section of which consists of the following components: a brief description of the period, including the main events, phenomena, processes; list of concepts and terms; list of personalities; List of sources; list of major dates. Each of the named parts carries a significant amount of information that is required for study at school. Special attention in the Historical and Cultural Standard is paid to the study of cultural issues. The concept of a new educational and methodological complex on national history, of which the Historical and Cultural Standard is a part, indicates the need to work with a historical map. It is also necessary to take into account the general patriotic orientation of the IKS, which, in particular, is manifested in the increased attention to the study of the history of the Great Patriotic War.

The specified requirements of the Historical and Cultural Standard became the basis for determining the structure of the examination work.

• There are no changes in the structure and content of the CMM.
• In task 25, the conditions for scoring according to the K6 and K7 criteria have been changed: points for these criteria are set only if at least 5 points have been set according to the criteria K1 – K4.
• According to the K6 criterion, the maximum score can be set - 3, and not 2, as it was before.

The examination paper consists of two parts, including 25 tasks.

• Part 1 contains 19 tasks,
• Part 2 contains 6 tasks.

The examination work on history is assigned 3 hours 55 minutes (235 minutes).

Answers to tasks:

• 1–19 are written in the form of a sequence of numbers or words (phrases).
• The tasks of part 2 (20–25) require a detailed answer.

All USE forms are filled in with bright black ink. The use of a gel or capillary pen is allowed.

When completing assignments, you can use the draft. Notes in the draft, as well as in the text of control measurement materials are not taken into account when evaluating the work.

Points, received by you for completed tasks, are summed up.

• 1 point - for 1, 4, 10, 13, 14, 15, 18, 19 tasks.
• 2 points - 2, 3, 5-9, 12, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22.
• 3 points - 11, 23.
• 4 points - 24.
• 11 points - 25, which is estimated by.

The minimum passing score is 32.
The maximum you can get on the USE in history is 55.

Try to complete as many tasks as possible and score the most points.

After completing the work, check that the answer to each task in answer forms No. 1 and No. 2 is recorded under the correct number.

Codifier Is a list of works, skills, knowledge and definitions required to successfully pass the final exam in literature. This guideline for teachers and students is published annually by FIPI, so that we narrow down our searches and stop at the information that will definitely come in handy in the X-hour. This list contains the main elements that make up literary studies, that is, the necessary terms and information from the history of science. They are needed to conduct a competent and deep analysis of books. It is the skill of analysis that is tested in tasks 16 and 17, where the student must give extended answers to questions, reason and give arguments from what he read.

What do you need to read to pass the exam? The list of works on the exam in 2018 is also attached to the codifier. It turns out that not all of the books that pass in school are needed for the final test. Only a few (and not the most difficult ones) made it to the list. Therefore, the stage of preparation devoted to "rereading" will not take long, given the fact that the bulk of the necessary literature was completed quite recently and has not yet managed to be forgotten. Thus, the graduate needs a codifier to save time and direct his efforts in the right direction. Use it as a fundamental and universally accepted guide to self-preparation.

It should be noted that not the most difficult books were chosen to pass the exam. For example, the disliked Doctor Zhivago is extremely rare in variants, since its study in the codifier of works is called "review", that is, there will be no full-scale test of knowledge of the content of this novel. In addition, in some cases, you can choose a novel. For example, from Bulgakov's prose, a student may prefer either The Master and Margarita or The White Guard. It is not necessary to read both novels, it is enough to choose the simpler one. Thus, the list of books for the USE in literature is very useful information for those who want to minimize the time spent on preparation.

Code	Content elements checked by the tasks of the KIM USE
1	Information on the theory and history of literature
1.1	Fiction as the art of words.
1.2	Folklore. Folklore genres.
1.3	Artistic image. Artistic time and space.
1.4	Content and form. Poetics.
1.5	The author's idea and its implementation. Fictional fiction. Fantastic.
1.6	Historical and literary process. Lit. trends and trends: classicism, sentimentalism, romanticism, realism, modernism (symbolism, acmeism, futurism), postmodernism.
1.7	Literary genera: epos, lyrics, lyroepics, drama. Literature genres: novel, epic novel, story, story, sketch, parable; poem, ballad; lyric poem, song, elegy, message, epigram, ode, sonnet; comedy, tragedy, drama.
1.8	Author's position. Topic. Idea. Problems. Plot. Composition. Epigraph. Antithesis. Stages of action development: exposition, setting, culmination, denouement, epilogue. Lyrical digression. Conflict. Author-narrator. The image of the author. The character. Interior. Character. A type. Lyrical hero. System of images. Portrait. Landscape. Speaking surname. Remark. "Eternal themes" and "eternal images" in literature. Pathos. The plot. Speech characteristics of the hero: dialogue, monologue; inner speech. Tale.
1.9	Detail. Symbol. Subtext.
1.10	Psychologism. Nationality. Historicism.
1.11	Tragic and comic. Satire, humor, irony, sarcasm. Grotesque.
1.12	The language of a work of art. Rhetorical question, exclamation. Aphorism. Inversion. Repeat. Anaphora. Pictorial and expressive means in a work of art: comparison, epithet, metaphor (including personification), metonymy. Hyperbola. Allegory. Oxymoron. Sound writing: alliteration, assonance.
1.13	Style.
1.14	Prose and poetry. Versification systems. Poetic dimensions: trochee, iambic, dactyl, amphibrachium, anapest. Rhythm. Rhyme. Stanza. Dolnik. Accent verse. Blank verse. Vers libre.
1.15	Literary criticism.
2	From old Russian literature
2.1	"Word about Igor's regiment"
3	From the literature of the 18th century.
3.1	DI. Fonvizin. Play "Minor".
3.2	G.R. Derzhavin. The poem "Monument".
4	From the literature of the first half of the XIX century.
4.1	V.A. Zhukovsky. Poem "The Sea".
4.2	V.A. Zhukovsky. Ballad "Svetlana".
4.3	A.S. Griboyedov. The play "Woe from Wit".
4.4	A.S. Pushkin. Poems: "Village", "Prisoner", "In the depths of Siberian ores ...", "Poet", "To Chaadaev", "Song of the prophetic Oleg", "To the sea", "Nurse", "K ***" ( "I remember a wonderful moment ..."), "October 19" ("The forest is dropping its crimson dress ..."), "The Prophet", "Winter road", "Anchar", "On the hills of Georgia lies the night haze ...", "I will loved: love still, maybe ... "," Winter morning "," Demons "," Conversation of a bookseller with a poet "," Cloud "," I erected a monument not made by hands ... "," The daylight has gone out ... "," Desert sower of freedom ... "," Imitations of the Koran "(IX." And the traveler tired of God murmured ... ")" Elegy ", (" Crazy years, extinguished fun ... ")," ... Again I visited ... ".
4.5	A.S. Pushkin. The novel "The Captain's Daughter".
4.6	A.S. Pushkin. Poem "The Bronze Horseman".
4.7	A.S. Pushkin. The novel "Eugene Onegin".
4.8	M.Yu. Lermontov. Poems: "No, I'm not Byron, I'm different ...", "Clouds", "Beggar", "From under a mysterious, cold half-mask ...", "Sail", "Death of a Poet", "Borodino", "When the yellowing is worried cornfield ... "," Duma "," Poet "(" My dagger shines with gold decoration ... ")," Three palm trees "," Prayer "(" In a difficult moment ... ")," And boring and sad "," No, not you so ardently I love ... "," Motherland "," Sleep "(" At noon heat in the valley of Dagestan ... ")," Prophet "," How often, surrounded by a motley crowd ... "," Valerik "," I go out alone on the road…".
4.9	M.Yu. Lermontov. Poem "Song about ... merchant Kalashnikov".
4.10	M.Yu. Lermontov. Poem "Mtsyri".
4.11	M.Yu. Lermontov. The novel "A Hero of Our Time".
4.12	N.V. Gogol. The play "The Inspector General".
4.13	N.V. Gogol. The story "The Overcoat".
4.14	N.V. Gogol. Poem "Dead Souls".
5	From the literature of the second half of the XIX century.
5.1	A.N. Ostrovsky. The play "Thunderstorm".
5.2	I.S. Turgenev. The novel "Fathers and Sons".
5.3	F.I. Tyutchev. Poems: "Noon", "There is singing in the waves of the sea ...", "A kite rose from the clearing ...", "There is in the original autumn ...", "Silentium!", "Not what you think, nature ...", "Mind Russia cannot be understood ... "," Oh, how murderously we love ... "," We cannot predict ... "," K. B. " (“I met you - and everything is old ...”), “Nature is a sphinx. And so it is more true ... ".
5.4	A.A. Fet. Poems: "Dawn bids farewell to the earth ...", "With one push to drive away a living boat ...", "Evening", "Learn from them - from an oak, from a birch ...", "This morning, this joy ...", "Whisper, timid breath ... "," The night was shining. The garden was full of the moon. They were lying ... "," Another May night. "
5.5	I.A. Goncharov. The novel "Oblomov".
5.6	ON THE. Nekrasov. Poems: "Troika", "I do not like your irony ...", "Railway", "On the road", "Yesterday, at six o'clock ...", "You and I are stupid people ...", "Poet and Citizen", "Elegy" ("Let the changeable fashion tell us ..."), "O Muse! I am at the door of the coffin ... ".
5.7	ON THE. Nekrasov. Poem "Who Lives Well in Russia".
5.8	M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Fairy tales: "The Story of How One Man Fed Two Generals", "The Wild Landowner", "The Wise Piskar".
5.9	M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. The novel "The History of a City" (survey study).
5.10	L.N. Tolstoy. The novel "War and Peace".
5.11	F.M. Dostoevsky. The novel "Crime and Punishment".
5.12	N.S. Leskov. One work (at the choice of the examinee).
6	From the literature of the late XIX - early XX century.
6.1	A.P. Chekhov. Short stories: "Student", "Ionych", "Man in a Case", "Lady with a Dog", "Death of an Official", "Chameleon".
6.2	A.P. Chekhov. The play "The Cherry Orchard".
7	From the literature of the first half of the XX century.
7.1	I.A. Bunin. Stories: "Mr. from San Francisco", "Clean Monday."
7.2	M. Gorky. The story "Old woman Izergil".
7.3	M. Gorky. The play "At the Bottom".
7.4	A.A. Block. Poems: "Stranger", "Russia", "Night, street, lantern, pharmacy ...", "In a restaurant", "The river spreads out. It flows, sadly lazy ... "(from the cycle" On the Kulikovo field ")," On the railway "," I enter the dark temples ... "," Factory "," Russia "," About valor, about exploits, about glory ... " , "Oh, I want to live madly ...".
7.5	A.A. Block. Poem "Twelve".
7.6	V.V. Mayakovsky. Poems: "Could you?", "Listen!", "Violin and a little nervously", "Lilichka!", "Jubilee", "Sit back", "Nate!", "Good attitude to horses", "An unusual adventure , who was with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha "," Giveaway "," Letter to Tatiana Yakovleva. "
7.7	V.V. Mayakovsky. The poem "A Cloud in Pants".
7.8	S.A. Yesenin. Poems: "Goy you, Russia, my dear! ..", "Do not wander, do not crumple in the crimson bushes ...", "We are now leaving a little ...", "Letter to the mother", "Feather grass is sleeping. Dear plain ... "," You are my Shagane, Shagane ... "," I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry ... "," Soviet Rus "," The road is thinking about the red evening ... " , "Pushkin", "I walk the valley. On the back of the cap ... "," Low house with blue shutters ... ".
7.9	M.I. Tsvetaeva. Poems: "To my poems, written so early ...", "Poems to Blok" ("Your name is a bird in hand ..."), "Who is made of stone, who is made of clay ...", "Longing for the homeland! For a long time ... "," Books in a red binding "," Granny "," Seven hills - like seven bells! .. "(from the cycle" Poems about Moscow ").
7.10	O.E. Mandelstam. Poems: "Notre Dame", "Insomnia. Homer. Tight sails ... "," For the explosive valor of the coming centuries ... "," I returned to my city, familiar to tears ... ".
7.11	A.A. Akhmatova. Poems: "The song of the last meeting", "I clenched my hands under a dark veil ...", "I don't need odic ratios ...", "I had a voice. He called comfortingly ... "," Native land "," Tear-stained autumn, like a widow ... "," Primorsky sonnet "," Before spring there are days like this ... "," Not with those who left the land ... "," Poems about St. Petersburg "," Courage ".
7.12	A.A. Akhmatova. Poem "Requiem".
7.13	M.A. Sholokhov. The novel "Quiet Don".
7.14	M.A. Sholokhov. The story "The Fate of a Man".
7.15A	M.A. Bulgakov. The novel "The White Guard" (optional).
7.15B	M.A. Bulgakov. The novel "The Master and Margarita" (choice allowed).
7.16	A.T. Tvardovsky. Poems: "The whole point is in one single testament ...", "In memory of the mother" ("In the land where they were taken out in a herd ..."), "I know, no fault of mine ...".
7.17	A.T. Tvardovsky. Poem "Vasily Terkin" (chapters "Crossing", "Two Soldiers", "Duel", "Death and Warrior").
7.18	B.L. Parsnip. Poems: “February. Get ink and cry! .. "," Definition of poetry "," In everything I want to walk ... "," Hamlet "," Winter night "(" Melo, chalk all over the earth ... ")," No one will be in the house ... "," Snow is coming "," About these verses "," To love others is a heavy cross ... "," Pines "," Hoarfrost "," July ".
7.19	B.L. Parsnip. The novel "Doctor Zhivago" (a survey study with an analysis of fragments).
7.20	A.P. Platonov. One work (at the choice of the examinee).
7.21	A.I. Solzhenitsyn. The story "Matrenin's yard".
7.22	A.I. Solzhenitsyn. The story "One Day in Ivan Denisovich".
8	From the literature of the second half of the twentieth century.
8.1	Prose of the second half of the XX century. F. Abramov, Ch.T. Aitmatov, V.P. Astafiev and V.I. Belov, A.G. Bitov, V.V. Bykov, V.S. Grossman, S.D. Dovlatov, V.L. Kondratyev, V.P. Nekrasov, E.I. Nosov, V.G. Rasputin, V.F. Tendryakov, Yu.V. Trifonov, V.M. Shukshin (works by at least three authors of their choice).
8.2	Poetry of the second half of the XX century. B.A. Akhmadulina, I.A. Brodsky, A.A. Voznesensky, V.S. Vysotsky, E.A. Evtushenko, N.A. Zabolotsky, Yu.P. Kuznetsov, L.N. Martynov, B.Sh. Okudzhava, N.M. Rubtsov, D.S. Samoilov, B.A. Slutsky, V.N. Sokolov, V.A. Soloukhin, A.A. Tarkovsky (poems by at least three authors by choice).
8.3	Dramatic art of the second half of the twentieth century A.N. Arbuzov, A.V. Vampilov, A.M. Volodin, V.S. Rozov, M.M. Roshchin (a work of one author of his choice).

Poems from the codifier

The program does not include many verses, which also makes the preparation process easier. All of these poems are thematically related. Therefore, their systematic reading guarantees that there are no problems with task 16, where it is necessary to select similar works by analogy and tell what unites them with the one given in the question. Of course, you don't need to memorize them, but you can make thematic collections of poetry for yourself and write down your impressions of each of them.

1. V.A. Zhukovsky: "Sea", Ballad "Svetlana"
2. A.S. Pushkin. Pushkin's lyrics: "Village", "Prisoner", "In the depths of Siberian ores ...", "Poet", "To Chaadaev", "Song of the prophetic Oleg", "To the sea", "Nurse", "K ***" ("I remember a wonderful moment ..."), "October 19" ("The forest drops its crimson dress ..."), "The Prophet", "Winter road", "Anchar", "On the hills of Georgia lies the night haze ...", "I I loved you: love still, maybe ... "," Winter Morning "," Demons "," Conversation of a bookseller with a poet "," Cloud "," I erected a monument not made by hands ... "," The daylight has gone out ... "," Sower of freedom ... "," Imitations of the Koran "(IX." And the traveler tired of God murmured ... ")" Elegy ", (" Crazy years, extinguished fun ... ")," ... Again I visited ... ". Poem "The Bronze Horseman".
3. M.Yu. Lermontov: "No, I'm not Byron, I'm different ...", "Clouds", "Beggar", "From under a mysterious, cold half-mask ...", "Sail", "Death of a Poet", "Borodino", "When the yellowing cornfield ... "," Duma "," Poet "(" My dagger shines with gold decoration ... ")," Three palms "," Prayer "(" In a difficult moment ... ")," And boring and sad "," No, not you so ardently I love ... "," Motherland "," Sleep "(" At noon heat in the valley of Dagestan ... ")," Prophet "," How often, surrounded by a motley crowd ... "," Valerik "," I go out alone on the road…". Poem "Song about ... merchant Kalashnikov". Poem "Mtsyri".
4. ON THE. Nekrasov: "Troika", "I do not like your irony ...", "Railway", "On the road", "Yesterday, at six o'clock ...", "You and I are stupid people ...", "Poet and Citizen", "Elegy" ("Let the changeable fashion tell us ..."), "O Muse! I am at the door of the coffin ... ". Poem "Who Lives Well in Russia".
5. A.A. Fet: "Dawn bids farewell to the land ...", "With one push to drive away a living boat ...", "Evening", "Learn from them - from an oak, from a birch ...", "This morning, this joy ...", "Whisper, timid breath ... "," The night was shining. The garden was full of the moon. They were lying ... "," Another May night. "
6. A.A. Block: "Stranger", "Russia", "Night, street, lamp, pharmacy ...", "In a restaurant", "The river spreads out. It flows, sadly lazy ... "(from the cycle" On the Kulikovo field ")," On the railway "," I enter the dark temples ... "," Factory "," Russia "," About valor, about exploits, about glory ... " , "Oh, I want to live madly ...". Poem "Twelve"
7. V.V. Mayakovsky: "Could you?", "Listen!", "Violin and a little nervous", "Lilichka!", "Jubilee", "Sit back", "Nate!", "Good attitude to horses", "An unusual adventure , who was with Vladimir Mayakovsky in the summer at the dacha "," Giveaway "," Letter to Tatiana Yakovleva ". Poem "A Cloud in Pants"
8. S.A. Yesenin: "Goy you, Russia, my dear! ..", "Do not wander, do not wrinkle in the crimson bushes ...", "We are now leaving a little ...", "Letter to the mother", "Feather grass is sleeping. Dear plain ... "," You are my Shagane, Shagane ... "," I don’t regret, I don’t call, I don’t cry ... "," Soviet Russia "," The road is thinking about the red evening ... "," The hewn tracks sang ... "," Rus " , "Pushkin", "I walk the valley. On the back of the cap ... "," Low house with blue shutters ... "
9. M.I. Tsvetaeva: "To my poems, written so early ...", "Poems to Blok" ("Your name is a bird in your hand ..."), "Who is made of stone, who is made of clay ...", "Longing for the homeland! For a long time ... "," Books in a red binding "," Granny "," Seven hills - like seven bells! .. "(from the cycle" Poems about Moscow ")
10. O.E. Mandelstam: "Notre Dame", "Insomnia. Homer. Tight sails ... "," For the explosive prowess of the coming centuries ... "," I returned to my city, familiar to tears ... "
11. A.A. Akhmatova: "The song of the last meeting", "I clenched my hands under a dark veil ...", "I don't need anything
    odic rati ... "," I had a voice. He called comfortingly ... "," Native land "," Tear-stained autumn, like a widow ... "," Primorsky sonnet "," Before spring there are such days ... "," Not with those who have abandoned the land ... "," Poems about St. Petersburg "," Courage ". Poem "Requiem".
12. B.L. Pasternak: “February. Get ink and cry! .. "," Definition of poetry "," In everything I want to walk ... "," Hamlet "," Winter night "(" Melo, chalk all over the earth ... ")," No one will be in the house ... "," Snow is coming "," About these verses "," To love others is a heavy cross ... "," Pines "," Hoarfrost "," July ".
13. Poems by at least three authors of your choice: B.A. Akhmadulina, I.A. Brodsky, A.A. Voznesensky, V.S. Vysotsky, E.A. Evtushenko, N.A. Zabolotsky, Yu.P. Kuznetsov, L.N. Martynov, B.Sh. Okudzhava, N.M. Rubtsov, D.S. Samoilov, B.A. Slutsky, V.N. Sokolov, V.A. Soloukhin, A.A. Tarkovsky.
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