“In the trenches of Stalingrad” by Nekrasov in a brief summary. “In the trenches of Stalingrad” by Nekrasov in a summary In the windows of Stalingrad a summary

The action begins in July 1942 with the retreat near Oskol. The Germans approached Voronezh, and the regiment retreated from the newly dug defensive fortifications without firing a single shot, and the first battalion, led by battalion commander Shiryaev, remained for cover. The main character of the story, Lieutenant Kerzhentsev, also remains to help the battalion commander. After resting for the prescribed two days, the first battalion was withdrawn. On the way, they unexpectedly meet the liaison staff and friend of Kerzhentsev, chemist Igor Svidersky, with the news that the regiment has been defeated, they need to change the route and go to the junction

With him, and the Germans are only ten kilometers away. They walk for another day until they settle down in dilapidated barns. There the Germans find them. The battalion takes up defensive positions. Lots of losses. Shiryaev leaves with fourteen fighters, and Kerzhentsev with orderly Valega, Igor, Sedykh and headquarters liaison Lazarenko remain to cover them. Lazarenko is killed, and the rest safely leave the barn and catch up with their own. This is not difficult, since along the road there are units retreating in disorder. They are trying to look for their own: a regiment, a division, an army, but this is impossible. Retreat. Crossing the Don. So they reach Stalingrad.

In Stalingrad they stop with Marya

Kuzminichny, sisters of the former company commander Igor in the reserve regiment, are living a long-forgotten peaceful life. Conversations with the hostess and her husband Nikolai Nikolaevich, tea with jam, walks with the neighbor’s girl Lyusya, who reminds Yuri Kerzhentsev of his beloved, also Lyusya, swimming in the Volga, the library - all this is a real peaceful life. Igor pretends to be a sapper and, together with Kerzhentsev, ends up in the reserve, in a special-purpose group. Their job is to prepare the city’s industrial facilities for explosion. But peaceful life is unexpectedly interrupted by an air raid and a two-hour bombing - the Germans launched an attack on Stalingrad.

Sappers are sent to a tractor factory near Stalingrad. There is a long, painstaking preparation of the plant for the explosion. Several times a day we have to repair a chain that was broken during the next shelling. In between shifts, Igor argues with Georgy Akimovich, an electrical engineer at the thermal power plant. Georgy Akimovich is outraged by the Russians’ inability to fight: “The Germans drove from Berlin to Stalingrad in cars, but here we are in jackets and overalls in the trenches with a three-line rifle from the ninety-first year.” Georgy Akimovich believes that only a miracle can save the Russians. Kerzhentsev recalls a recent conversation between soldiers about their land, “fat like butter, about the bread that covers you completely.” He doesn't know what to call it. Tolstoy called this “the hidden warmth of patriotism.” “Perhaps this is the miracle that Georgy Akimovich is waiting for, a miracle stronger than German organization and tanks with black crosses.”

The city has been bombed for ten days, probably nothing remains of it, and still there is no order for an explosion. Without waiting for the order to explode, the reserve sappers are sent to a new assignment - to the front headquarters, to the engineering department, on the other side of the Volga. They receive appointments at headquarters, and Kerzhentsev has to part with Igor. He is sent to the 184th division. He meets his first battalion and crosses with it to the other side. The entire coast is engulfed in flames.

The battalion immediately gets involved in battle. The battalion commander dies, and Kerzhentsev takes command of the battalion. At his disposal are the fourth and fifth companies and a platoon of foot scouts under the command of Sergeant Major Chumak. Its position is the Metiz plant. Here they stay for a long time. The day begins with the morning cannonade. Then “sabantuy” or attack. September passes, October begins.

The battalion is transferred to positions with more fire between Metiz and the end of the ravine on Mamaev. The regiment commander, Major Borodin, recruits Kerzhentsev for sapper work and the construction of a dugout to help his sapper Lieutenant Lisagor. The battalion has only thirty-six people instead of the required four hundred, and the area, small for a normal battalion, poses a serious problem. The soldiers begin to dig trenches, sappers lay mines. But it immediately turns out that positions need to be changed: a colonel, a division commander, comes to the command post and orders us to occupy the hill where the enemy machine guns are located. They will provide scouts to help, and Chuikov promised “corn farmers.” The time before the attack passes slowly. Kerzhentsev sends out the political department officers who came to check from the command post and, unexpectedly for himself, goes on the attack.

They took the hill, and it turned out to be not very difficult: twelve of the fourteen fighters remained alive. They sit in a German dugout with company commander Karnaukhov and reconnaissance commander Chumak, Kerzhentsev’s recent opponent, and discuss the battle. But then it turns out that they are cut off from the battalion. They take up a perimeter defense. Suddenly, Kerzhentsev’s orderly Valega, who remained at the command post, appears in the dugout, since three days before the attack he twisted his leg. He brings stew and a note from senior adjutant Kharlamov: the attack should be at 4.00.

The attack fails. More and more people are dying - from wounds and direct hits. There is no hope of survival, but their own people still break through to them. Shiryaev, who was appointed battalion commander instead of Kerzhentsev, swoops in on Kerzhentsev. Kerzhentsev surrenders the battalion and moves to Lisagor. At first they idle, go to visit Chumak, Shiryaev, Karnaukhov. For the first time in a month and a half of dating, Kerzhentsev is talking about life with the company commander of his former battalion, Farber. This is the type of intellectual in war, an intellectual who does not know how to command the company entrusted to him very well, but feels responsible for everything that he did not learn to do in time.

The nineteenth of November is Kerzhentsev’s name day. A holiday is planned, but is disrupted due to a general offensive along the entire front. Having prepared a command post for Major Borodin, Kerzhentsev releases the sappers with Lisagor ashore, and he himself, on the orders of the major, goes to his former battalion. Shiryaev figured out how to take the communication passages, and the major agrees with the military trick that will save people. But the chief of staff, Captain Abrosimov, insists on a “head-on” attack. He appears at the Shiryaev command post following Kerzhentsev and sends the battalion to attack without listening to arguments.

Kerzhentsev goes on the attack with the soldiers. They immediately fall under bullets and lie down in craters. After nine hours spent in the crater, Kerzhentsev manages to reach his people. The battalion lost twenty-six people, almost half. Karnaukhov died. Shiryaev, wounded, ends up in the medical battalion. Farber takes command of the battalion. He was the only commander who did not take part in the attack. Abrosimov kept it with him.

The next day, Abrosimov's trial took place. Major Borodin says in court that he trusted his chief of staff, but he deceived the regiment commander, “he exceeded his authority, and people died.” Then a few more people speak. Abrosimov believes that he was right, only a massive attack could take the tanks. “Battalion commanders take care of people, so they don’t like attacks. The tanks could only be taken by attack. And it’s not his fault that people treated this in bad faith and became cowardly.” And then Farber rises. He cannot speak, but he knows that those who died in this attack did not chicken out. “Courage does not lie in going bare-chested to a machine gun”... The order was “not to attack, but to take possession.” The technique invented by Shiryaev would have saved people, but now they are gone...

Abrosimov was demoted to a penal battalion, and he leaves without saying goodbye to anyone. And Kerzhentsev is now calm about Farber. At night the long-awaited tanks arrive. Kerzhentsev is trying to make up for lost name days, but there is an offensive again. Shiryaev, now the chief of staff, who escaped from the medical battalion, comes running, and the battle begins. In this battle, Kerzhentsev is wounded and ends up in the medical battalion. From the medical battalion he returns to Stalingrad, “home”, meets Sedykh, finds out that Igor is alive, gets ready to visit him in the evening and again does not make it in time: they are transferred to fight with the Northern group. The offensive is underway.

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During the retreat near Oskol, the regiment abandons fresh trenches. For defense, the first battalion remains, commanded by Shiryaev and his assistant, Lieutenant Kerzhentsev. Two days later, the battalion leaves and on the way the heroes learn that the regiment has been defeated. Along the way, the battalion stops in barns, where they have to defend against the Germans and suffer losses. The battalion leaves. Kerzhentsev, Valera, Igor and Lazarenko remain to cover him. Having lost Lazarenko, the remaining fighters are trying to catch up with the battalion. On the road, among the many retreating, the surviving colleagues cannot find “their own.”

They come to Stalingrad, where they lead a peaceful life in the house of the family of their former comrade Igor: they drink tea, read, walk, swim in the Volga.

Igor introduces himself as a sapper. So, with Yura Kerzhentsev, they end up in a special group where they prepare urban industrial facilities for explosions. The Germans are approaching Stalingrad. Sappers work at the factory. There Igor argues with Georgy Akimovich. An electrical engineer at a thermal power plant by profession, he is annoyed that the Russians are not prepared for war and only a miracle can ensure their victory. Kerzhentsev remembers the soldiers’ conversation about their native land and understands that this heart-warming love for the Motherland is stronger than all tanks.

The city is being bombed. The sappers go to headquarters on the other side of the Volga, where Kerzhentsev and Igor part, each receiving his own task.

Yuri Kerzhentsev participates in battle with his first battalion and, after the death of the battalion commander, takes command. At the plant where their position is located, the fighters stay until October. The battalion is transferred to an area of ​​active hostilities. Despite the small number, the soldiers carry out work like a full-fledged battalion. Kerzhentsev works together with sapper Lisagor. But the work cannot be completed. The order comes and Kerzhentsev leads the battalion into the attack. After taking the hill, the fighters find themselves cut off from the battalion. An order comes for a new attack, which fails. There are many dead. There is almost no hope for salvation, but reinforcements are breaking through. Kerzhentsev transfers command of the battalion and goes to Lisagor. They meet with comrades and have conversations.

On the twelfth of November, the day of his name day, Kerzhentsev had to postpone the holiday due to the order to attack. Due to the short-sighted attack planned by Captain Abrosimov, who did not listen to the arguments of the battalion commander Shiryaev, many people die. Shiryaev is wounded. Command of the battalion is taken by Faber, who previously commanded the company. Being an intelligent man, Faber is not fluent in command techniques, but he feels deeply responsible for everything that happens to his soldiers. Abrosimov is on trial. He is accused of abuse of power, which led to the death of soldiers. He shifts his blame onto people who, in his opinion, reacted to the attack in bad faith and were cowardly. Faber defends the dead. Such losses could have been avoided if one did not throw people under enemy fire, but used reasonable methods, as Shiryaev suggested. Abrosimov is sent to a penal company. Old, long-awaited tanks come to the aid of the soldiers. Fight again. Kerzhentsev is wounded. After recovery, he returns to Stalingrad, hoping to see his comrades. But plans are interrupted by preparations for the next offensive.

A short retelling of “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” in abbreviation was prepared by Oleg Nikov for the reader’s diary.

In Russian literature about the war, the so-called “lieutenant’s prose” is distinguished. She is distinguished by truthfulness and impartiality when depicting military operations. The founder of this trend is often considered to be V. Nekrasov, who published the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” in 1946. A brief summary of each chapter helps to understand how terrible this time was in the history of the country.

Beginning of the retreat

The main character of the story is a military engineer, Lieutenant Yuri Kerzhentsev. Through his eyes the reader sees a picture of the retreat from Oskol to Stalingrad itself and a description of the fierce battles on the Volga.

In July 1942, the chief of staff unexpectedly assembled battalion commanders and officers. His news is disappointing: at night the regiment begins a retreat, which Shiryaev’s battalion is entrusted with covering (the main character is part of it). This is how Nekrasov begins his work “In the Trenches of Stalingrad.” The summary of the first three chapters is as follows. The regiment has been fighting for only a month and a half, but during this time there are almost no guns or people left. At first, the soldiers, who had not yet been fired upon and were not accustomed to bomb explosions, were thrown into the defense near Kharkov. Then there were many other movements. And as soon as they dug in near Oskol, they received the order to retreat. The fighters were afraid of one thing: had the German really gotten that far?

The regiment leaves at the appointed time. The remaining soldiers with five machine guns create the appearance that everything is as before. On the night of the second day, sappers mine the shore, and the battalion also retreats back. Now their main task is to catch up with their own.

From Oskol to Stalingrad

They pass through villages. Residents silently watch the soldiers, someone gives food. Their silent questions make the fighters feel awkward. Shiryaev and Kerzhentsev, having heard that troops had recently passed through here, decide: it was their regiment. However, the hero’s meeting with his acquaintance Igor, the headquarters’ liaison officer, shows that things are very bad. The story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” continues with a summary of his story. By the time the messenger left, there were about a hundred people left in the regiment. The enemy with tanks, motorized infantry and machine gunners attacked unexpectedly. The major and the commissar are killed. There are no guns either. Maksimov, as having taken over leadership, ordered the search for Shiryaev and his fighters. But Igor didn’t know where to go and where the front was now, he only said that the Germans were ten kilometers from here.

The story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad,” a summary of which you are reading, continues with a description of the battle that unfolded near the barns where the battalion stopped to rest. Only fifteen fighters, led by Shiryaev, come out of it alive. Five more, Kerzhentsev and his orderly Valega, Igor, Sedykh and Lazarenko (he will die from a mine explosion) remain at the barns to cover the retreat of their comrades. Having emerged from cover, they join the flow of retreating troops by nightfall. It soon becomes clear: finding your regiment, or rather, what is left of it, is not so easy. One major reports that there are battles going on somewhere and advises getting to Stalingrad. A new army is being formed there. Local residents ask why our troops are retreating, which makes Kerzhentsev feel a strong sense of shame. All that remains is the hope that they will retreat for a short time - after all, there was Moscow, from which the enemy was thrown back.

In Stalingrad

Finally they get to Here peace and tranquility still reign. Igor leads his comrades to his commander’s sister. The soldiers seem to be returning to their former - pre-war - life, which is not at all similar to what will soon happen in the trenches of Stalingrad. The summary of chapters 10-13 should be supplemented by the fact that Kerzhentsev and his comrades get a job: to prepare important objects of the city for destruction. This is how August goes by.

Although air raid warnings are constantly announced on the radio, peaceful life has suddenly collapsed. On Sunday evening, German planes appeared over the city for the first time. They bombed continuously for about two hours, after which Stalingrad was engulfed in flames.

At the tractor factory

In the morning, Kerzhentsev and his comrades are sent out of town. There we urgently need to mine the tractor. The work is complicated by constant shelling that violates the integrity of the wires. In addition, we do not have all the necessary equipment. People work without rest, but twelve days pass, and the plant still stands still. The city is bombed almost continuously and is almost destroyed. The fighting is taking place on the side of the river where the Stalingrad trenches are located. Nekrasov - a summary of the conversation is given below - shows how in these difficult months and years for the country, true patriotism of people is formed. Thus, Georgy Akimovich, an electrical engineer at a thermal power plant, in a dispute with Kerzhentsev, proves that Russian troops do not know how to fight, and only a miracle can influence the outcome of the war. At this moment, Yuri remembers the words of one of the soldiers who met on the way to Stalingrad. He spoke about the rich soil that gives life to seeds, and about the impossibility of giving it to the enemy. The hero also remembered the most terrible death: the man who had spoken a minute ago was lying in front of him with his arms outstretched, and a cigarette butt was burning out on his lip. From such details, according to the author, that high feeling is formed, to which L. Tolstoy gave the name “hidden warmth of patriotism.”

To the front

Kerzhentsev, Igor and Sedykh receive orders to be transported to the engineering department on the other side of the Volga, to Mamayev Kurgan, where the front line has developed. There they are distributed into different divisions. The 184th, where the main character ends up, immediately finds himself in the defense of the Metiz plant. Kerzhentsev is appointed commander of the 4th and 5th companies, which are constantly attacked by the enemy. The place for battle is inconvenient: it is impossible to dig in and hide. The Germans first launch attacks, but soon tanks and planes appear. The shelling does not stop almost all day, but the soldiers manage to hold the line. Many were wounded and killed. At night it becomes known that the battalion commander was killed in the battle. The chief of staff of the regiment transfers leadership of the battalion to Kerzhentsev.

“In the trenches of Stalingrad”: a summary of the chapters of the second part

For more than a week, the Nazis continuously attacked the troops defending Metiz. Then they spread to Red October, giving a little respite.

October has arrived. The Germans entered Stalingrad. There weren’t very many of our troops around the city, and the fighting was fierce. Kerzhentsev’s battalion is transferred to the most difficult, almost flat area between “Metiz” and the ravine near Mamaev. The main task is to hold the defense for several months. Thirty-six fighters will be redeployed to an area of ​​six hundred meters at night. The place is really inconvenient: here the troops are in full view of the Germans, and defensive fortifications cannot be built during the day. The next night we manage to bring min. The soldiers begin to dig trenches, and the sappers begin to install explosive devices. Unexpectedly, Kerzhentsev is called to the Colonel and sets a new task for the battalion commander: to take a hill fortified by the Germans. Help is only a few scouts and a corn farmer. This is how the action develops in the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad.” The summary (the author's essay truthfully describes the most terrible moments of the battle for the city) of the 2nd part shows the fortitude and courage of the fighters, who never forgot about their responsibility for what was happening.

Fights for the hill

We managed to gain the height relatively easily. At the appointed time, four scouts determined the enemy's positions, and the "corn grower" distracted the enemy. Fourteen soldiers, led by a battalion commander, drove the Nazis out of the hill in pitch darkness and began to fortify themselves. Kerzhentsev understood that the Germans would try to regain the heights. The shelling really does not stop, and by the end of the second day the battalion was left with eleven men and four machine guns. The water is running out. The night artillery attack was unsuccessful. And in the morning there was again debilitating fire from the Germans. The fighters were exhausted, but continued to fire. Kerzhentsev felt very weak and tired: a slight wound to the head was taking its toll. At some point, it seemed to him that he was seeing a dream: Shiryaev was standing in front. Having come to his senses, the hero realized that he had managed to connect with the detachment on the hill. Kerzhentsev surrenders the battalion to Shiryaev and goes to dig dugouts.

Before the attack

Three days later, mines arrive, and Yuri works on a scheme to strengthen the front line. This is how the description of the next episode in the life of the protagonist of the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” begins. The summary and its analysis show how often the lives of soldiers depended on inept leadership and abuse of authority.

November has begun. It was still necessary to mine and build fortifications at night, but it became noticeable that the situation at Stalingrad was changing. Eighty-two bombed continuously, and suddenly there was a lull.

On the nineteenth, on his birthday, Kerzhentsev received an order from a major to clear mines from the enemy’s and his own fields. There is ten hours for everything, after which the offensive will begin. The division must capture Bak. The sappers complete the task, after which Kerzhentsev is sent to Shiryaev. Everything in the battalion is ready to carry out the order, but the chief of staff Abrosimov intervenes in the matter. He insists on an immediate attack on Bakov at any cost. The result is that almost half of the battalion was killed, Shiryaev himself was seriously wounded.

After the battle, Abrosimov was put on trial, who insisted that his decision was correct, and that someone was simply a coward and did not want to fight. The major came to the defense of the battalion, noting that Shiryaev would have coped with the task perfectly. As a result, people died in vain. The chief of staff was demoted and sent to the penalty area, notes the author of the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad.”

The next morning the tanks arrive. Shiryaev, who escaped from the hospital, is appointed as the new division chief. A new attack is being prepared, in which Kerzhentsev was wounded. After the hospital he goes to his battalion. Along the way he meets Sedykh, then gets to his own people. He finds out that Igor is nearby. But I can’t visit my friend. Inspired by victories, the warriors are again going to attack...

The action begins in July 1942 with the retreat near Oskol. The Germans approached Voronezh, and the regiment retreated from the newly dug defensive fortifications without firing a single shot, and the first battalion, led by battalion commander Shiryaev, remained for cover. The main character of the story, Lieutenant Kerzhentsev, also remains to help the battalion commander. After lying down for the prescribed two days, the first battalion is removed. On the way, they unexpectedly meet the liaison staff and friend of Kerzhentsev, the chemist Igor Svidersky, with the news that the regiment has been defeated, they need to change the route and join him, and the Germans are only ten kilometers. They walk for another day until they settle down in dilapidated barns. There the Germans find them. The battalion is on the defensive. Lots of losses. Shiryaev with fourteen soldiers leaves, and Kerzhentsev with the orderly Valega, Igor, Sedykh and the liaison officer of the headquarters Lazarenko remain to cover them. Lazarenko is killed, and the rest happily leave the barn and catch up with their own. This is not difficult, since along the road there are units retreating in disorder. They are trying to look for their own: a regiment, a division, an army, but this is impossible. Retreat. Crossing the Don. So they reach Stalingrad.

In Stalingrad, they stay with Marya Kuzminichna, the sister of the former Igor company commander in the reserve regiment, and live a long-forgotten peaceful life. Conversations with the hostess and her husband Nikolai Niko-la-e-vich, tea with jam, walks with the neighbor’s girl Lyusya, who reminds Yuri Kerzhentsev of his beloved, also Lyusya, swimming in the Volga, library - all this is a real peaceful life. Igor pretends to be a sapper and, together with Kerzhentsev, ends up in the reserve, in a special purpose group. Their job is to prepare the city’s industrial facilities for explosion. But peaceful life is unexpectedly interrupted by an air raid and a two-hour bombing - the Germans launched an attack on Stalingrad.

Sappers are sent to a tractor factory near Stalin-grad. There is a long, painstaking preparation of the plant for the explosion. Several times a day we have to repair a chain that was broken during the next shelling. In the intervals between shifts, Igor argues with Georgy Akimovich, an electrical engineer at a thermal power plant. Georgy Akimovich is outraged by the Russians’ inability to fight: “The Germans drove all the way from Berlin to Stalingrad in cars, but here we are in jackets and overalls in the trenches with a three-line man from the 1991 model.” Georgy Akimovich believes that only a miracle can save the Russians. Kerzhentsev recalls a recent conversation between soldiers about their land, “fat as butter, about the bread that covers you completely.” He doesn't know what to call it. Tolstoy called this “the hidden warmth of patriotism.” “Perhaps this is the miracle that Georgy Akimovich is waiting for, a miracle stronger than the German organization and tanks with black crosses.”

The city has been bombed for ten days, probably there is nothing left of it, but there is still no order for an explosion. Without waiting for the order to explode, the reserve sappers are sent to a new assignment - to the front headquarters, to the engineering department, on the other side of the Volga. At headquarters they receive assignments, and Kerzhentsev has to part with Igor. He is sent to the 184th division. He meets his first battalion and crosses with it to the other side. The entire coast is engulfed in flames.

The battalion immediately gets involved in battle. The battalion commander dies, and Kerzhentsev takes command of the battalion. At his disposal are the fourth and fifth companies and a platoon of foot reconnaissance officers under the command of Sergeant Major Chumak. Its position is the Metiz plant. Here they stay for a long time. The day begins with the morning cannonade. Then “sabantuy” or attack. September passes, October begins.

The battalion is being transferred to more spacious positions between “Metiz” and the end of the ravine on Mamaev. The regiment commander, Major Borodin, recruits Kerzhentsev for sapper work and the construction of a dugout to help his sapper Lieutenant Lieutenant Fox-Gor. The battalion has only thirty-six people instead of the required four hundred, and the area, small for a normal battalion, poses a serious problem. The soldiers begin to dig trenches, the sappers lay mines. But it immediately turns out that positions need to be changed: a colonel, a division commander, comes to the command post and orders us to occupy the hill where the enemy’s machine guns are located. They will give intelligence officers to help, and Chuikov promised “cook-ruz-niks.” The time before the attack passes slowly. Kerzhentsev sends out the political officers who came to check the political officers from the command post and, unexpectedly for himself, goes on the attack.

They took the hill, and it turned out to be not very difficult: twelve of the four-to-twenty fighters remained alive. They sit in a German pancake, even with company commander Karna-Ukhov and intelligence commander Chumak, Kerzhentsev’s recent opponent, and discuss the battle. But then it turns out that they are cut off from the battalion. They take up a perimeter defense. Suddenly, Kerzhentsev’s orderly Valega appears, who remained at the command post because three days before the attack he twisted his leg. He brings stew and a note from senior adjutant Kharlamov: the attack should be at 4.00.

The attack fails. More and more people are dying - from wounds and direct hits. There is no hope of survival, but their own people are still breaking through to them. Shiryaev, who was appointed battalion commander instead of Kerzhentsev, attacks Kerzhentsev. Kerzhentsev surrenders the battalion and moves to Lisa Mountain. At first they do nothing, go to visit Chumak, Shiryaev, Karna-ukhov. For the first time in a month and a half of dating, Kerzhentsev is talking about life with the company commander of his former battalion, Farber. This is the type of intellectual in war, an intellectual who does not know how to command the company entrusted to him very well, but feels responsible for everything that he did not learn to do in time.

On November 9th, Kerzhentsev’s name day. A holiday is planned, but is disrupted due to a general offensive along the entire front. Having prepared a command post for Major Borodin, Kerzhentsev releases the sappers from Lis-Gor to the shore, and, on the orders of the major, he goes to his former battalion. Shiryaev figured out how to take the communication passages, and the major agrees with the military trick that will save people. But the chief of staff, Captain Abrosimov, insists on a “head-on” attack. He appears at Shiryaev’s command post following Kerzhentsev and sends the battalion to attack without listening to arguments.

Kerzhentsev goes on the attack along with the soldiers. They immediately fall under bullets and lie down in craters. After nine hours spent in the crater, Kerzhentsev manages to reach his people. The battalion lost twenty-six people, almost half. Karna-ukhov died. Wounded, Shiryaev ends up in the medical battalion. Farber takes command of the battalion. He was the only commander who did not take part in the attack. Abrosimov kept it with him.

The next day, the trial of Abro-simov took place. Major Borodin says in court that he trusted his chief of staff, but he deceived the regiment commander, “he exceeded his authority, and people died.” Then a few more people speak. Abro-simov believes that he was right, only a massive attack could take the tanks. “Battalion commanders take care of people, so they don’t like attacks. The tanks could only be taken by attack. And it’s not his fault that people were unkind and cowardly about this.” And then Farber rises. He cannot speak, but he knows that those who died in this attack were not afraid. “Courage does not lie in going bare-chested to a machine gun”... The order was “not to attack, but to capture.” The technique invented by Shiryaev would have saved people, but now they are gone...

Abro-si-mov was crushed in the penalty area by the battalion, and he leaves without saying goodbye to anyone. And Kerzhentsev is now calm about Farber. At night the long-awaited tanks arrive. Kerzhentsev is trying to make up for the missed name days, but again there is an offensive. Shiryaev, who escaped from the medical battalion, comes running, now the chief of staff, the battle begins. In this battle, Kerzhentsev is wounded, and he ends up in the medical battalion. From the medical battalion he returns to Stalin-grad, “home”, meets Sedykh, finds out that Igor is alive, gets ready to visit him in the evening and again does not have time: he gets over them. they are recruited for battles with the Northern group. There is an offensive.

In 1946, the unknown writer Viktor Nekrasov entered literature. “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” - given in the article - is a story that opened a new page in the depiction of the Second World War. Some will call it “trench”, others - “lieutenant”. In any case, the important thing is that it was a completely new look at recent tragic events. For the first time, in the center of the image were ordinary soldiers and their commanders, who fully experienced the hardships of front-line life.

about the author

V. Nekrasov was born in Kyiv (the largely autobiographical protagonist of the story remembers this city with warmth) in 1911. Before the war, he qualified as an architect and was interested in theater, painting, and literature. He tried to write, but life, as he admitted, did not provide a suitable plot, and the fiction was of no interest to either the author or the editors.

N. Nekrasov found himself at the front from the first months of the war - this is proven by the story and its analysis. “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” is a work written on the basis of the author’s personal observations and feelings. Later, the writer recalled that the real fuse (and he, like his hero, served as a military engineer and deputy commander of a sapper battalion) saw the first pistol only a year after the start of the war - a week before the unsuccessful offensive near Kharkov. Nekrasov took part in the defense of Stalingrad and experienced all the hardships of everyday life at the front. He was demobilized after being wounded at the end of the war - in 1945.

The history of the creation of the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad”

Later, Nekrasov dictated the notebook notes to the typist, and sent the finished text of the work with a friend (at random!) to Moscow. And then, after some time, the work “Stalingrad” was published in Znamya, which immediately caused conflicting assessments. The content and analysis of the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” caused dissatisfaction among many. First of all, because it did not contain the usual laudatory speeches addressed to the leader and senior command staff. Meanwhile, I. Stalin himself approved the work, which resulted in the awarding of the second degree to its author in 1947.

Narrative feature

The story was written on behalf of a young lieutenant, twenty-eight-year-old military engineer Yuri Kerzhentsev. This is a detailed, almost daily story about the massive retreat of Soviet troops from Oskol to the Volga, about weeks of life in Stalingrad, first peaceful, interrupted by furious enemy bombing, then military - during the period of fierce battles for Mamayev Kurgan and the approaches to the city. At the same time, as the analysis shows, “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” (the story) does not contain voluminous descriptions of the battles and heroic exploits of Soviet soldiers. All the pictures are extremely succinct and truthful - according to Nekrasov, there are no more than 1% of silences in the story. This is explained simply.

The author wanted to show the real defenders of the country through the eyes of a warrior just like them, who experienced natural human feelings during the war: longing for a peaceful life and family, pride for his comrades, shame for retreats and failures, fear of explosions and incessant fire in the trenches of Stalingrad . The analysis of the work seems to transport the reader to the battlefield, and he, following the main character, tries to rethink what happened, to understand at what cost the people won.

The role of lyrical digressions and reflections of the hero

Descriptions of reality are often interrupted by flashbacks to the past. In the first part there are more of them, in the second, where the series of events develops faster, there are not so many. During the painful retreat, these are Kerzhentsev’s memories of his beloved Kyiv, where his home and family remained. The hero experiences constant pain from the fact that the Nazis are now in charge there.

A few peaceful days in Stalingrad remind you of your beloved girlfriend, pre-war activities and hobbies that will never be the same again. Conversations at the plant, which is being prepared for explosion, evoke memories of Sevastopol Stories. In them, L. Tolstoy talks about the “hidden patriotism” of the Russian people. This is what the main character sees next to him now, Nekrasov emphasizes.

In the trenches of Stalingrad (analysis of contrasting pictures enhances the impression of what he read) Yuri draws attention to the nature around him. The description of the calm and majestic, against the backdrop of which terrible events unfold, helps to more acutely feel the tragic scale of what is happening. This perception of the world turns Kerzhentsev into a person trying to solve the eternal problem of life and death, heroism and meanness, sincerity and hypocrisy.

Image of war

The analysis of “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” (Nekrasov’s story) leads the reader to the main idea. In each line, the author painfully talks about how fleeting life is: a minute ago a person was talking, breathing, and now he is lying with a dull look and a mutilated body. At the same time, everything happens in an everyday manner, and the description of the various faces of death and human suffering allows us to understand the true scale of the people's tragedy. Nekrasov incredibly realistically describes the death of Lazarenko, wounded in the stomach, and a very young machine gunner. As the most terrible manifestation of death, he remembers a killed soldier with a cigarette butt smoldering in his lips. Episodes telling, for example, about the defense of barns or the capture of a hill, when a small handful of poorly armed Soviet soldiers heroically resisted an enemy detachment with tanks and machine guns, also have incredible impact.

The image of the main character

Analysis of the story “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” by Nekrasov is impossible without turning to the personality of Yuri Kerzhentsev. This is an educated person who absorbs everything he sees and hears around him. He understands that war is not at all like peaceful life: nothing can be predicted in it. And yet, what is happening: the retreat, the difficult situation of the army, silent reproaches in the views of the inhabitants of the abandoned villages - forces the hero and his colleagues to look for an answer to the eternal question of who is to blame.

The lieutenant himself repeatedly catches himself thinking that in war the heart hardens, and human values ​​become completely different. However, he is very self-critical and demanding of himself. The taciturn, sometimes hot-tempered hero is able to support and make the right decision at the right moment. He sincerely worries about the death of each of his comrades. At crucial moments he finds himself next to the fighters, just like them, he does not hide from bullets. War became for him a responsible matter that should be carried out conscientiously.

The author does not idealize his hero, which is confirmed by Kerzhentsev’s actions and their analysis. “In the Trenches of Stalingrad” is an example of how an ordinary person behaves in war. When bullets fly past during a conversation with Chumak, Yuri involuntarily ducks. He, the commander, sometimes does not know what to do and feels guilty before others. He does not refuse milk or lemon obtained by Valega. But his dignity is that he lacks false heroism and arrogance.

Thus, the main character is an ordinary person who, at the cost of his life, defended Stalingrad and the entire country.

Image of Valega

In his story, Nekrasov (“In the Trenches of Stalingrad”), an analysis of the content of which confirms this, pays special attention to Kerzhentsev’s orderly, Valega. This is a simple, uneducated eighteen-year-old guy, endlessly devoted to his lieutenant and his homeland. His work, at first glance, is invisible, but Kerzhentsev was more than once surprised at how deftly Valega managed. In any conditions, Yuri had a heated lunch, clean linen, and a dry raincoat waiting for him. In some unknown way, Valega could adapt to any conditions. At the same time, Kerzhentsev was sure: if the cartridges ran out and he had to fight tooth and nail for his homeland, his orderly would cope in this situation too. It was these warriors, who lived in the trenches day and night, who bore the brunt of the war.

Place of the story in literature

V. Nekrasov was the first in Russian literature to show, according to V. Bykov, “the truth and high essence of individuality in war, the importance of the individual... in an environment with the absolute subordination of one to all...”. And a decade later, a whole generation of front-line writers emerged from the “Nekrasov trenches”, writing about what they themselves had suffered and experienced.

conclusions

A book about people from the trenches - this is what many of the first readers called the story, which was written in 1946 by the unknown V. Nekrasov, “In the Trenches of Stalingrad.” Analysis of the work confirms this idea. The author's impartial story about those who faced terrible years for the country and managed to preserve the best in themselves once again emphasizes the unshakable fortitude, boundless courage and true patriotism of the Russian people, who have always been able to defend the freedom and independence of their state.