Presentation catalog. Presentations on the topic of the Nativity, free download for class hours and extracurricular activities Presentation on the topic of Christmas drawings
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Nativity of Christ Teacher of history and social studies MBOU Kamenskaya secondary school Tatyana Savelyevna Kalaychidi
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Christmas is considered one of the main holidays of Christians, the second after Easter. On this day, believers celebrate the most important event - the birth of the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who came to earth to give salvation to our souls. On the days of the holiday, Orthodox churches are decorated with fir branches. In the evening, and in many churches at night, the Christmas Vigil is served. On the day of the feast, the Divine Liturgy is solemnly served, after which the clergy, together with the people, sing the troparion and kontakion of the feast.
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In Rus', Christmas began to be celebrated after the introduction of Christianity in the 10th century. It happened at a time when the ancient Slavs celebrated their multi-day winter holiday - Kolyada. Many Christmas rituals and customs have been preserved in the Christmas festival.
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Before the birth of the Messiah, the Roman emperor Augustus, in whose power the then conquered Judea was, gave the command to conduct a nationwide census on the territory of his vast empire, according to which all subjects had to register each in their ancestral city. The Virgin Mary and Joseph lived in Nazareth, the city of Galilee, but since both of them came from the family and house of David, whose city was Bethlehem, located in the land of Judah, they went to their homeland. This journey was not easy, since the Blessed Virgin carried the Son of God in her womb.
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The flightless baby, wrapped in swaddling clothes, was laid in a manger, that is, in a feeder for cattle, covered with fragrant hay, but the Divine glory of the God-child was not hidden either in the darkness of the night, or in the den and manger, in these first images of His humility and humiliation. The birth of the Savior was announced to both the simple and the wise, to the shepherds of Bethlehem and the wise men of the East. On the field, near the den in which the Savior was born, the Bethlehem shepherds grazed their flocks. An angel appeared to them, proclaiming to them: “Do not be afraid; I proclaim to you great joy, which will be for all people: for today a Savior is born to you in the city of David, who is Christ the Lord; and here is a sign for you: you will find a baby in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger ”(Luke 2, 10-) The Divine Infant was not hidden either in the darkness of the night, or in the den and manger, in these first images of His humility and humiliation. The birth of the Savior was announced to both the simple and the wise, to the shepherds of Bethlehem and the wise men of the East. On the field, near the den in which the Savior was born, the Bethlehem shepherds grazed their flocks. An angel appeared to them, proclaiming to them: “Do not be afraid; I proclaim to you great joy, which will be for all people: for today a Savior is born to you in the city of David, who is Christ the Lord; and here is a sign for you: you will find a baby in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger ”(Luke 2, 10-)
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Delighted by this news, the shepherds hurried to the cherished den, where they found the Infant Lord lying in the manger and, bending over Him, the Ever-Virgin Mary and the righteous Joseph. Having rendered due worship to the Savior, they proclaimed to Mary and Joseph all that they had seen and heard. "The Nativity of Christ", an icon by Andrey Rublev
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Having made a many-day and unsafe journey, these wise men brought their gifts to the Divine Infant - gold, frankincense and myrrh. Leonardo da Vinci. "Adoration of the Magi". Leonardo da Vinci. "Adoration of the Magi". Leonardo da Vinci. "Adoration of the Magi". Leonardo da Vinci "Adoration of the Magi"
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Christmas in Russia The day before Christmas is called Christmas Eve or Sochevnik. Christmas Eve comes from the word "sochivo", which literally means "vegetable oil". Sochiv was also called porridge with vegetable oil and vegetables. On the eve of Christmas, it was supposed only to compete and not eat any food all day until dusk, that is, until the appearance of the Star of Bethlehem. After all, it was under this star that Jesus Christ was born.
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It was customary to commemorate Christmas Eve with good deeds: to help the suffering and wretched, to distribute alms. In the morning, on Christmas Eve, ceilings and walls were washed in the huts, the floor was scraped, rubbed with juniper. Then they steamed in a hot bath. The table and benches were covered with straw or hay, which symbolized communion with the place and time of the birth of the Savior. You weren't supposed to work on Christmas Eve. On Christmas Eve, a kutya and a candle were placed on a table covered with straw and a tablecloth over it. When the first star appeared in the sky on Christmas Eve, it was possible to start the traditional meal. Before it began, a lamp was lit near the images in the hut, lit candles were placed near the icons, household members, led by the owner of the house, read prayers
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At Christmas, the table was decorated in a special way: a bundle of hay or straw was placed under the tablecloth, as a reminder of the manger in which Christ lay. An iron object was placed under the table, and everyone who sat at the table, in turn, put their feet on this object. There is a sign that this way you can maintain your health throughout the year - after all, iron is considered a symbol of strength. Christmas is a holiday when the whole family gathers together at a common table. The table was plentiful: pancakes, fish dishes, aspic, jelly from pork and beef legs, suckling pig stuffed with porridge, pork head with horseradish, homemade pork sausage, roast, honey gingerbread, sbiten and, of course, roast goose.
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At the festive table, everyone congratulated each other, and then began to give gifts. This tradition, which annually reminds people of the gifts that were brought by the Magi to Mary, on the day when she gave birth to an uneasy man, but the son of the Lord - Jesus Christ
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Christmas Eve is a common holiday accompanied by festivities. The tradition of going from house to house with songs and choruses has been preserved. But the content of the songs became Christian. A new word appears - "christoslavs" - glorifying Christ. Children walk with a star made with their own hands from improvised material. This star is also reminiscent of the Star of Bethlehem. In addition to Christ glorification, the rite of sowing, or sprinkling, is described. The narrations about this rite are almost completely identical to the description of the rite of Christ glorification, the difference is observed only in the verbal part of the rite (during Christ glorification, children sing "The Nativity of Christ", and when sowing, they pronounce well-wishing formulas of carolers).
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During Christmas time (from Christmas to Epiphany, from January 7 to 19), everyone, both children and adults, had Christmas holidays.
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Spruce - a symbol of Christmas According to an old legend, spruce became a symbol of Christmas at the request of heavenly powers. When the Savior was born in Bethlehem, in a wretched cave, a new bright star lit up in the dark sky to the singing of angels. Heeding the divine sign, not only people, but also animals and plants rushed to the cave. Everyone tried to show the newborn their sincere joy and bring some gift. Plants and trees gave the Child their fragrances, flowers, fruits and leaves.
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For about two thousand years this holiday has been celebrated by millions of people of the same faith in different countries. Orthodox Christmas in Russia is celebrated on the night of January 7th.
Christmas is called "the mother of all holidays" The birth of Jesus Christ - the son of God - begins his earthly life, his suffering and Resurrection. The significance of this holy night is very great for all people on earth. Because he came to save us all!
2000 years ago, an unprecedented event took place in the small town of Bethlehem - the Son of God was born. He was born outside the city, in a cave and was placed in a manger where they put food for animals.
The first guests of the divine baby were simple shepherds, to whom the Angel announced the Nativity of Christ: “I announce to you a great joy that will be for all people: the Savior, Who is Christ the Lord, was born in the city of David! And here is a sign for you: you will find the Baby in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger. The shepherds were the first to hasten to bow to the newborn Savior.
At this time, with gifts to the King of the World, the wise men came from the east (the wise men are the ancient sages). They knew and expected that the great King of the World would soon come to earth, and a wonderful star showed them the way to Jerusalem.
The Magi brought gifts to the Child. Star And there was a miracle on earth And a miracle in the heavens: Like the sun, a star flared up in the rays in the midnight haze. She floated over the world of tears And her light shone... And she told the poor shepherds that Christ was born. And in Bethlehem the Magi carried their Gifts behind her, And on the straw there they found the King of Kings.
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
Presentation about Christmas.
Christmas is the most favorite holiday for children. After all, the infant Jesus Christ is the culprit of the celebration. This material will help the teacher or parent tell about the origin of the Christmas holiday ....
presentation "Christmas"
Every time we cross the threshold of the New Year, the soul becomes especially warm, because in a few days the Christmas Holiday will come! Christmas is an amazing time...
There was silence. Israel The people of God slept. Only a few shepherds in the field guarded the sheep. Suddenly, a bright light shone around. They were scared, horrified. “Do not be afraid,” the angel said to them, I proclaim to you great joy that will be for all people, for today a Savior, who is Christ the Lord, has been born to you in the city of David.
The Jews had a custom to conduct national censuses by tribes, tribes and clans; every tribe and clan had its specific cities and ancestral places, therefore the Blessed Virgin and righteous Joseph, as descended from the family of David, had to go to Bethlehem (the city of David) in order to add their names to the list of Caesar's subjects.
In Bethlehem, they did not find a single free place in the city hotels. In a limestone cave intended for a stall, among hay and straw scattered for feed and bedding for livestock, among strangers, in an environment devoid of not only earthly grandeur, but even ordinary convenience, the God-man, the Savior of the world, was born.
Marina Filimonova
For children of senior preschool and primary school age.
Goals: 1. Give an idea of the biblical event.
2. Introduce children with folk traditions and customs associated with this holiday.
3. Cultivate a sensitive attitude towards others.
4. Enrichment of the dictionary due to the selection of synonyms, antonyms; explanations of idiomatic expressions.
5. Manufacturing christmas gifts.
Equipment: demonstration equipment presentations, layout nativity scene, materials and tools for making crafts.
preliminary work: a number of conversations are held with children on the basics of Orthodox culture, at which children an elementary idea is given about who is called God, angels; children memorize the verses used in the teacher's story.
move: Children are seated in front of the screen. The teacher's story follows, illustrated presentation.
Text for the presentation « Children about Christmas» .
Guys, after the New Year in January there is another holiday. Who knows what? Yes it Christmas. About this holiday and today will be a story.
E. Koroleva's song sounds "Glorious night Christmas» .
The teacher's story: Word « Christmas» stands for "day birth» . When is your day birth, you and all your loved ones rejoice. But once on Earth was born baby, which very, very many people rejoiced at, because it was God. And it was like that. A long time ago, in a far eastern country, there lived three wise astrologers. They were called "Magi". They knew from their books that someday God would be born on earth. And so that all people can know when this will happen, a new star will appear in the sky. And so the magicians looked into the sky every night, they knew every star. But one day they saw a new extraordinary star. She was bigger and brighter than all the others. And, lo and behold, she did not stand still, but floated across the sky, as if inviting to follow her. (Frame 2). And the Magi set out on their journey to see God with their own eyes. In those days, there were no cars, let alone planes. The Magi equipped their camels and set off on the road. Their path was hard and long. But the star led them, and if the Magi got tired, she stopped to give them rest. (Frames 3-5).
Meanwhile, in the country of Judea, the formidable King Herod decided to find out how many people live in his country, how many people are subject to him. To avoid confusion, Herod ordered everyone to come to the city where they were born. The young woman Mary also went to her hometown of Bethlehem. It was difficult for her to walk, because her baby was soon to be born, but it was impossible not to fulfill the order of the king. (Frame 6). In the city of Bethlehem, a multitude of people had gathered, all the hotels, all the inns were occupied. Mary and her companion Joseph went from house to house, but no one gave them a place to sleep. (Frames 7-8).
Question children: Do you guys think it was possible to somehow help Maria? Or is there nothing you can do, since there is no place?
Suggested Answer children: Someone could make way for her.
caregiver: Of course, guys, strong young men could give her their place. And any kind person could do it. But the trouble is, in the whole city there was not a single kind person. All people were evil. That is why God himself came to earth to cure people of malice, greed, and envy.
Question: And what words close in meaning can be found to the word "wicked"?
Answers children: Bad, bad, angry, unkind, unfit.
caregiver A: Right guys. But there is one more word - "hard-hearted". This means that the heart of a person is hard as a stone. A stone does not feel anything, and the heart sometimes does not feel the pain or grief of another person. But I don't even want to talk about them. Let's better choose words that are suitable in meaning to the word "Kind".
Answers children: Good, gentle, affectionate.
(Often children by the way "Kind" choose a synonym "Beautiful". Here it is appropriate to recall fairy tale for children"Dead Princess" Pushkin or a fairy tale "Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs". In these tales, the stepmother was very beautiful and very evil. You can also remember the story "The Scarlet Flower" Aksakov or cartoon "The beauty and the Beast", where the positive character turned out to be in the form of a monster.)
caregiver: Also, guys, there are such good words: "kind-hearted", "sensitive". What do you think about a good or evil person say: "Does he have a heart of gold?" Why?
Answers waiting.
caregiver: Indeed, gold is a jewel. A good heart is also dearly valued by people, dearer than the beauty of a face. There is no such expression "golden face". About skillful people say: "skillful fingers", about smart - "gold head". About good - "gold man", "Golden heart", and here "golden face" they don't talk about anyone.
But let's go back to the city of Bethlehem. Poor Mary, finding no shelter, left the city. She took refuge in a poor cave (on ancient the language of the cave was called "nativity scene" where the shepherds took shelter from the weather along with their flocks. (Frame 9). At that time there was no one in the cave. When Maria gave birth to a baby, the young mother swaddled him and put him on soft straw in the animal feeder. After all, there was no bed. (Frame 10). This feeder was called "nursery". Are you familiar with this word? Yes, the most younger group in kindergarten is called "nursery", in honor of this very feeder, where he lay newborn god. At this time, the angels told the shepherds the good news that God was born in their cave. (Frame 11). At first the shepherds were frightened, but then they were delighted and ran to their cave. The Magi also came to the cave. Everyone wanted to see baby god who was named Jesus Christ. (Frame 12).
A poem is being read:
Let's forget both grief and sadness,
Today was born baby jesus.
He was born at night, in a cold cave,
He was surrounded only by birds and animals,
Yes, angels, yes shepherds and magicians.
So, all people, and therefore we
They stood quietly and silently watched
To a wondrous miracle in holy Bethlehem.
caregiver: We can still visit this cave. You just need to buy a ticket to the country of Israel in the city of Bethlehem. A temple was built over this cave. Let's get into it. (Frame 13). See the star on the floor? They say that this is the very place where the manger stood baby christ. The Magi brought gifts with them. These gifts are now stored in the country of Greece on the holy Mount Athos. (Frames 14, 15). Now, in remembrance of these gifts, it is accepted giving gifts to children at Christmas too. Many other good customs associated with the holiday Christmas. For example, the custom of decorating a Christmas tree. (Frame 16). How did this custom come about? There are many different scientific assumptions and even fairy tales about this. I want to tell you one of them. When God was born, not only people and animals wanted to worship him, but even plants. one palm tree said: "I will bring my beautiful leaves as a gift to God, they will be his fan during the heat." Other answered: "And I will bring him my sweet dates". Herringbone said: "I also want to bow newborn god» . Proud Palms laughed: "Why are you going? What can you give? Your branches are so thorny, and the cones are inedible! But the Christmas tree was kind, she did not get angry with her boastful friends and only thought: “Well, really, I'm not as beautiful as palm trees. My dress is poor and prickly. But I really want to see God. I'll look at him at least from afar." And God rewarded the Christmas tree for her modesty and kindness. Stars descended from the sky onto the shaggy branches of the Christmas tree and decorated it with themselves. The Christmas tree became the most beautiful and elegant, but did not become proud. She wears her wonderful outfit only once a year for a holiday. Christmas. And at the top of the Christmas tree, an eight-pointed star always sparkles, similar to the one that brought the Magi to Bethlehem. Another custom is associated with this wonderful star. the day before Christmas(This day is called Christmas Eve, some people do not eat anything until the first star sparkles in the sky, which, as it were, says that God has already been born. (Frame 17).
E. Koroleva's poems are read "What an amazing evening"(abbreviated).
What an amazing evening
Quietly icicles ring.
And the trees in the distance are like candles
They are covered with snow.
And suddenly for some reason it seems
Over there, illuminating the sky,
Like a wonderful star
It's floating across the sky now.
At that moment, the whole earth will shine,
There will be no grief, no tears,
After all, everyone in the world knows -
The Savior Christ was born.
So people wait for this hour that they even forget about food. Children before the holiday made a toy nativity scene (Frame 18, plus I'm showing a nativity scene made by me). After Christmas children and youth dressed up, made a large star of Bethlehem, and with this star they went from house to house, singing christmas carols. These are the songs in which they praised newborn god christ. For this, the guys were called Christoslavs. The hosts presented the Khristoslavs with sweets, gingerbread, and nuts. (Frame 19). Week after Christmas was called Holy Week, or, according to the folk, "Christmas". It was believed that these days God himself walks the earth and helps everyone. And people at this time trying to do good deeds delight your loved ones with treats and gifts. (here it is possible to show a short game video « christmas angel» or enable song recording "Christmas tree in Christmas» ). Do you want guys and you cook Christmas presents? (Children sit at the tables and make crafts).
Nativity
- Our Zimushka - Winter, is unusually good, Everything around is white - white with pure snow, It is light and clean in the soul, because the holiday is near. We are all happy, easy - today is Christmas! The Orthodox world rejoices, peace in the soul, everything triumphs. For more than two thousand years of the Nativity of Christ, the light shows us the Way to goodness, the spirit of love bestows upon us all. Heavenly Angel brought the message - Rejoice with all the Son of God Jesus Christ. Born in Bethlehem Not in a luxurious palace, no! In a simple sheepshed, the Lord Himself appeared into the world and became the Son of man! Hey shepherds! Here! Hurry! The manger is shining with the sun, the Baby is lying - the King of kings, And the sky-clear look
- Grigory Gagarin. Nativity.
- And in the cave, where the torches did not go out all night, blinking and flickering, There the lambs saw in the manger A beautiful Sleeping Child. That night the whole creature was in agitation, Birds sang in the midnight haze. Proclaiming good will to all, the onset of peace on earth.
- Golden domes At sunrise And crimson shine Narrow windows. Like a ship in sails, The White Temple is beautiful, Like a swan in the sky, Majestic and joyful. Light morning fog Melts imperceptibly, Parishioners hurry to the temple - they celebrate Christmas!
- Nativity. Natalia Sokolova
- Together with a bright Christmas, the Fairy Tale enters every home. This miracle has been waiting with hope for a whole year. In the sky, the stars dance singing a bright hymn, And from the earth the churches echo them, the choirs fly high like smoke. A kind song, a kind word illuminates the planet, And in the middle of a cold winter, darkness will give way to light.
- I'm on the night before Christmas I'm watching colored dreams. I'm preparing a celebration From ancient times. I will put gifts under the Christmas tree for friends, I will crumble bread into the feeder of pigeons. And I will smile at my mother: The task is not easy - I am learning to celebrate the birth of Christ.
- All December in the villages in Rus' they were waiting for the Bright Christmas of Christ. They prepared for it, clearing themselves with fasting
- Fasting prescribed abstinence not only from fast food, but also from bad deeds. At this time, weddings were not held, holidays were not celebrated, which were accompanied by fun and revelry.
- Christmas Eve - Christmas Eve - was celebrated modestly both in the palaces of Russian emperors and in the huts of peasants. This day was spent in the strictest post. They fasted all day - "until the star", which showed the way for the Magi to the newborn Messiah. On this day, according to the church charter, it is allowed to eat boiled cereals without oil, that is, sochivo, so the day is called nomadic, and in popular pronunciation - Christmas Eve. They also ate meatless pies, wheat bread, dried fruits, and honey.
- At the end of the evening - caroling. The carol consisted in the fact that the village youth - boys, girls, teenagers - gathered in groups, dressed up in costumes, masks and went home.
- Calls during caroling:
- The sparrow is flying
- twirls its tail,
- And you people know
- Cover the tables
- Receive guests
- Meet Christmas!
- Christmas, Christmas
- There has been a lot of snow
- We go to dig, earn money
- Open chests
- Serve Piglets
- Hostess with owner
- happy holiday.
- Christmas sweets
- Used resources.
- http://www.inflora.ru/
- rebenok-vova.ru›?p=272
- rozhdestvenskie-gadanija.html
- strovskazok.ru›…rozhdestvenskie-gadaniy
- “Orthodox educational portal “Slovo”// Access mode: http://www.portal-slovo.ru/rus/pedagogics
- "Christian site" Kopilochka "// Access mode: http://www.kopilochka.net.ru
- Site "Christmas" // Access mode: http://rojdestvo.paskha.ru
- THANK YOU
- FOR ATTENTION!!!
- Made a presentation:
- Shvidkaya Irina Alexandrovna
