"GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DURING THE CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY ..."

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ODM 218.3.031-2013

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND

FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY

(ROSAVTODOR) MOSCOW 2013 ODM 218.3.031-2013 Foreword

1 DEVELOPED BY FGUP "ROSDORNII"

2 INTRODUCED by the Directorate of Construction and Design of Highways, the Directorate of Operation and Safety of Highways of the Federal Road Agency.

3 ISSUED on the basis of the order of the Federal Road Agency dated 04.24.2013 No. 600-r

II ODM 218.3.031- Contents Scope of application ……………………………………… .. ……… ..

1 Normative references …………………………………………… ......… 2 Terms and definitions ………………………………… ..…. …… ..… 3 General requirements for environmental protection during construction and repair work on roads and bridges ……………………………………… .. …… .... 5 Environmental protection during construction and reconstruction of highways …………………………………………….…. 6 Construction of subgrade and road pavement ……………… .. 7 Quarry operation …………………………………………………………… 8 Environmental protection during construction and reconstruction of artificial structures ……………………. …………………… ... 9 Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways ……………………………………………………. 10 Carrying out reclamation works ………………………… ...…. 11 Dedusting of highways ………………………………. 12 Working with deicing and dust-removing materials. 13 Requirements for snow dump …………………… ... …………………… 14 Noise-proof landscaping ……………………………………………… 15 Anti-erosion measures ………… …………………… ...…. 16 Soil protection …………………………………………………… ..… ..… 17 Protection against pollution of water bodies ……………………………………… .. . 18 Prevention of other types of pollution …………………………… 19 Environmental protection during construction and maintenance of treatment facilities ……………………………………………… Appendix A Maximum permissible concentrations harmful substances in the water of water bodies.

…………………… ... Appendix B Water protection zones and coastal protection belts .. Appendix C Maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of pollutants in the atmospheric air of populated areas and working areas ………………….… Appendix D Maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of chemicals in soil ………………… .. …… ...... Appendix E Allowable sound pressure levels, admissible equivalent and maximum sound levels …… ..… Appendix E winter slipperiness and distribution rates of deicing materials. ……. Appendix G Assessment of the impact of anti-icing and dedusting substances on the environment ... ... Appendix I Characteristics of the main tree species and shrubs by gas resistance classes ……………. Bibliography ……………………………………………………………… III ODM 218.3.031-

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

Methodological recommendations on environmental protection during the construction, repair and maintenance of highways 1.1 This industry road methodological document contains the reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways and is aimed at improving the environmental safety of highways and bridge structures, reducing their negative environmental impact.

1.2 The provisions of this methodological document are intended for use by construction and operating organizations performing construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways in the field of road facilities.

the following documents:

Hydrosphere. State indicators and rules for taxation of fishery water bodies.

GOST 17.1.5.02-80 Nature Conservation. Hydrosphere. Hygienic Requirements for Recreational Areas of Water Bodies.

GOST 17.5.1.01-83 Nature Protection. Land reclamation. Terms and Definitions.

ODM 218.3.031- GOST 17.5.1.03-86 Nature protection. Earth. Classification of overburden and enclosing rocks for biological land reclamation.

GOST 2761-84 Sources of centralized drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.

Transport streams. Methods for measuring the noise characteristics.

GOST 30772-2001 Interstate Standard. Resource saving.

Waste management. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 31330.1-2006 (ISO 11819-1: 1997) Interstate standard.

Noise. Assessment of the impact of road surface on traffic noise. Part 1.

Statistical method.

In this ODM, the following terms and definitions are used.

sewerage: Any discharge of water, including wastewater and (or) drainage water into water bodies.

turf: Surface layer of soil intertwined with live and dead roots, shoots and rhizomes of perennial grasses.

pollutant: A substance or a mixture of substances, the amount and (or) concentration of which exceed the standards established for chemical substances, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms and have a negative impact on the environment.

grounding: A lawn care measure, which consists in spreading a layer of humus earth over the surface of the site.

tinning: A system of measures to maintain and increase productivity (by strengthening sod, thickening), applied on slopes, beams, river terraces, hills, etc.

limits on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms: Limits on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms into the environment, established for the period of environmental protection measures, including the introduction of the best available technologies, in order to achieve standards in the field of environmental protection.

waste disposal limit: The maximum permissible amount of a specific type of waste that is allowed to be disposed of in a certain way for a specified period in waste disposal facilities, taking into account the environmental situation in a given territory.

maximum sound level: The sound level of intermittent noise corresponding to the maximum reading of a measuring, direct-reading device (sound level meter) during visual reading, or the sound level exceeded for 1% of the duration of the measuring interval when the noise is recorded by an automatic evaluator (statistical analyzer).

standards for permissible emissions and discharges of chemical substances: The standards that are established for economic and other activities in accordance with the indicators of the mass of chemical substances, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, permissible for entry into the environment from stationary, mobile and other sources in the established mode and taking into account technological standards, and subject to which the environmental quality standards are ensured.

3.10 waste generation standard: The established amount of a specific type of waste in the production of a unit of production.

3.11 environment: A set of components of the natural environment, natural and natural-anthropogenic objects, as well as anthropogenic objects.

ODM 218.3.031- the state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, public and other non-profit associations, legal entities and individuals, aimed at preserving and restoring the natural environment, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, prevention of negative impact economic and other activities on the environment and the elimination of its consequences.

3.13 waste: Residues of products or additional product that are generated in the process or at the end of a specific activity and are not used in direct connection with this activity

3.14 Waste from production and consumption in the road sector:

Residues of products or an additional product formed in the process or upon completion of a certain technological process in the road organization and not used in construction, reconstruction, overhaul. repair and maintenance of roads and road infrastructure.

Examples. 1 Milled asphalt concrete or asphalt concrete residues resulting from pavement trimming is not waste if used by road organizations; but they are waste when transported for disposal to another organization.

2 Snow collected during road cleaning is not a waste of the road sector, because it is not formed as a result of the technological process carried out by road organizations, but when it is removed, the requirements established guidelines and a section of these guidelines.

3.15 waste passport: A document certifying the belonging of waste to waste of the appropriate type and hazard class, containing information about their composition.

3.16 maximum permissible emission: The standard for the maximum permissible emission of harmful (polluting) substances into the atmospheric air, which is set for a stationary source of atmospheric air pollution, taking into account the technical standards for emissions and background air pollution, provided that this source does not exceed the hygienic and environmental standards for the quality of atmospheric air, the maximum permissible (critical) loads on ecological systems, other environmental standards.

maximum permissible concentration (MPC): The concentration of a pollutant in the ambient air does not have a direct or indirect adverse effect on the present or future generations throughout life, does not reduce a person's working capacity, does not worsen his well-being and sanitary living conditions.

3.18 maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of a chemical in soil: A complex indicator of the content of chemicals in the soil that is harmless to humans.

carried out after their use or which is run off from the contaminated area.

3.20 equivalent (energy) sound level sound level of continuous noise that has the same rms sound pressure as the variable noise under investigation over a specified time interval in dBA

construction and repair work on highways and bridges ODM 218.3.031- Land use is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Land Code of the Russian Federation dated October 25, 2001 No. 136-FZ and is aimed at ensuring the safety of ecological systems.

Construction and operating organizations, which are in charge of the land plots occupied for the road under construction or in operation, carry out measures for:

- soil preservation;

Protection of lands from water and wind erosion, mudflows, flooding, waterlogging, secondary salinization, desiccation, compaction, pollution by chemicals, littering with production and consumption wastes, as a result of which land degradation occurs;

Protect the right-of-way of highways from overgrowing with trees and shrubs, weeds, eliminate the consequences of pollution and littering of land;

- reclamation of disturbed lands.

Atmospheric air protection Atmospheric air protection is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of May 4, 1999 No. 96-FZ.

Actions aimed at changing the state of atmospheric air and atmospheric phenomena may be carried out only in the absence of harmful consequences for human life and health and for the environment on the basis of permits issued by the federal executive body in the field of environmental protection.

During the placement, construction, reconstruction and operation of road infrastructure facilities (ABZ, quarries, other production sites), air quality standards must not be exceeded in accordance with environmental, sanitary and hygienic, as well as building codes and regulations.

When placing objects of road infrastructure that have a harmful effect on the quality of atmospheric air, within urban and other settlements, the background level of atmospheric air pollution and the forecast of changes in its quality during the implementation of these activities are taken into account.

In order to protect the atmospheric air in places of residence of the population, sanitary protection zones are established for enterprises, for highways - sanitary breaks. The sizes of such sanitary protection zones and sanitary breaks are determined on the basis of calculations of the dispersion of emissions of harmful (polluting) substances in the atmospheric air and in accordance with the sanitary classification of enterprises, in accordance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03.

In projects for the construction of road sections that may have a harmful effect on the quality of atmospheric air, measures are provided to reduce the emissions of harmful (polluting) substances into the air.

The location of road infrastructure objects that have a harmful effect on the quality of atmospheric air is coordinated in accordance with the established procedure with the federal executive body in the field of environmental protection or with its territorial bodies.

When operating road infrastructure facilities, if the established standards are exceeded, the gases emitted into the atmosphere are cleaned. The choice of gas cleaning equipment and the degree of gas purification is carried out in accordance with the calculations performed in the volume of maximum permissible emissions.

Transport and construction equipment working in a road organization are subject to verification for compliance with pollutant emissions in exhaust gases, established standards during the annual technical inspection.

ODM 218.3.031- If possible, in order to improve the environmental situation at transport infrastructure facilities, switch to the use of gas fuel and other more environmentally friendly types of energy.

Protection of water resources is carried out in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 No. 74-FZ. Protection of water resources is the most important component of the protection of the environment, habitats of flora and fauna, including aquatic biological resources.

The use of water bodies should not have a negative impact on the environment.

Discharge of waste water and (or) drainage water into water bodies is not allowed:

- attributed to specially protected water bodies.

Discharge of waste water and (or) drainage water into water bodies located within the boundaries of:

- zones of sanitary protection of sources of drinking household water supply;

First, second zones of sanitary (mountain-sanitary) protection districts of health-improving areas and resorts;

Fish protection zones, fisheries conservation areas, areas of mass spawning, fish feeding and the location of wintering pits.

appendix B), territories that adjoin the coastline of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for economic and other activities is established.

Discharge, within the water protection zones, is allowed only after the treatment of contaminated wastewater to the established standards, it is recommended to use treated water in recycling and re-supply systems.

Discharge of effluents with a concentration of substances below the MPC or within the established VAT is carried out into water bodies without treatment, with the exception of the above water bodies, where the discharge of waste water and (or) drainage water is not allowed.

To reduce the removal of pollutants with surface runoff, measures should be taken:

- excluding the discharge of production waste into the rainwater drainage system;

-organization of regular cleaning of the right-of-way territories;

- Carrying out timely repair of road surfaces;

- fencing of greening areas with curbs, excluding soil washout on the road surface;

- increasing the degree of dust and gas cleaning at the treatment facilities of the road infrastructure;

- increasing the technical level of vehicle operation;

surface runoff through a temporary system of open trays, its clarification by 50-70% in sedimentation tanks and subsequent discharge to the terrain or further purification;

pollutants with subsequent drainage and treatment of surface runoff; streamlining storage and transportation of bulk and liquid materials.

The choice of the scheme for drainage and treatment of surface runoff is determined by the level of its pollution and the required degree of treatment.

Water bodies and watercourses (water bodies) are considered polluted if ODM 218.3.031 - indicators of the composition and properties of water in them have changed under the direct and indirect influence of the work or operation of the road and road structures and have become partially or completely unsuitable for one of the types of water use. The suitability of the composition and properties of surface waters is determined by their compliance with the requirements and standards established by GOST 2761-84, GOST 17.1.5.02-80 and the Water Code of the Russian Federation.

If oil products enter water bodies in a volume that can lead to an excess of the maximum permissible concentration, measures are immediately taken to prevent their spread and to their subsequent disposal.

flooding and flooding of settlements, industrial enterprises, roads, as well as agricultural or forestry lands.

construction of dams, dams, cofferdam, branches, approaches to bridges, etc. without calculation by calculation of the erosion of the bottom of rivers and banks.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 52-FZ of April 24, 1995, any activity that entails a change in the habitat of wildlife objects and deterioration of the conditions for their reproduction, feeding, recreation and migration routes is carried out in compliance with the requirements ensuring the protection of the animal world.

measures are being taken to ensure the preservation of the migration routes of wildlife objects and places of their constant concentration, including during the period of breeding and wintering. If necessary, the construction of fences from the ingress of wild animals on the road is carried out or crossings for animals across the road are built.

Regardless of the types of specially protected natural areas, in order to protect the habitats of rare, endangered and economically and scientifically valuable objects of the animal world, protective areas of territories and water areas that are of local importance, but are necessary for the implementation of their life cycles (reproduction , rearing young stock, feeding, rest and migration and others).

In specially protected natural areas, the construction of highways is allowed, only after calculations of the environmental impact and if they do not violate life cycles objects of the animal world.

In accordance with Federal Law No. 7-FZ of January 10, 2002, construction organizations are required to take the necessary measures to prevent and eliminate the negative effects of noise, vibration, infrasound, electric, electromagnetic fields and other negative physical impact on the environment in urban and rural settlements, recreation areas, habitats and breeding areas of wild animals and birds, to natural ecological systems and natural landscapes.

Protection against road noise should be provided:

- the use of acoustic screens;

- compliance with sanitary breaks (by noise factor) of highways;

- the use of noise protection belts for green spaces;

- the use of coating materials that reduce traffic noise;

Prohibition of transit transport or restriction of freight transport in places of permanent residence of people where noise pollution exceeds the established norms.

ODM 218.3.031- When working with waste, construction and operating organizations must comply with environmental, sanitary and other requirements established by Federal Law No. 89-FZ of June 24, 1998. In accordance with these requirements, construction and operating organizations should:

Have technical and technological documentation allowing the use and disposal of the generated waste, if it is used and neutralized in its own production.

Develop drafts of standards for waste generation and limits for waste disposal in order to reduce the amount of waste generation and maximize use in the construction process;

- to introduce low-waste technologies based on the latest scientific and technical achievements;

- to carry out an inventory of waste and objects of their disposal;

- to monitor the state of the environment in the territories of waste disposal facilities;

- to provide in the prescribed manner the necessary information in the field of waste management;

waste management, and take urgent measures to eliminate them;

- in accordance with the established procedure, obtain licenses when working with wastes of the 1st hazard class;

In accordance with the established procedure, approve passports for waste of 1-4 hazard classes, which are used in the construction, repair and maintenance of highways.

Environmental training for environmental activities must undergo environmental training and carry out environmental briefing with persons directly involved in the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways.

reconstruction of highways Environmental protection measures during the construction of highways are carried out in accordance with the developed and approved working project.

When performing construction work, the requirements and measures of the "Environmental Protection" section developed as part of the project for the construction (reconstruction) of a motor road or other object are taken into account.

Measures for environmental protection and the rational use of natural resources are provided for in the construction organization project (PIC), in the work production project (PPR), as well as in the technological regulations ( technological maps etc.).

The construction organization project includes the development of a system of industrial environmental control over compliance with environmental standards and design technical solutions for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.

environmental objects located in the zone of direct or indirect influence of the work carried out, and is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect them from damage or other damage, including in cases when this for some reason is not provided for by the project.

In the event of damage, damage or loss of property or natural resources due to omissions, neglect or violation of the relevant rules and regulations, the Contractor restores them at his own expense to a state similar to or equivalent to ODM 218.3.031- that existed before the damage, or pays the owner (with the consent of the owner) appropriate compensation.

violating environmental legislation and causing harm to the natural environment and human health, bear disciplinary, administrative or civil and criminal liability, and legal entities - administrative and civil.

Construction organizations that have valid permits for emissions and discharges of pollutants into the environment, standards for waste generation and limits for their disposal, other environmental documentation established by law and who have persons responsible for environmental issues in their staff are allowed to perform work at a construction or reconstruction facility ...

Construction organizations performing work at the facilities must have the following permissive environmental documentation drawn up in the prescribed manner:

-tom the maximum permissible emissions (MPE) and the Permit for the emission of pollutants into the air;

- the volume of permissible discharge standards (VAT) and the Permit for the discharge of pollutants into the environment;

Draft waste disposal limits and a document on the approval of waste generation standards and limits for their disposal;

In necessary cases, established by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03, an agreed Project for the organization of a sanitary protection zone (SPZ).

5.10 The designation of the composition and timing of preparatory work is carried out taking into account the least damage to the environment (winter felling and removal of forests, reducing the possibility of erosion during floods, ensuring the unhindered migration of animals and fish, etc.) in favorable periods of the year.

road, in addition to technical and economic indicators, one should take into account environmental risks and risks to public health caused to the environment and humans, both during the construction period and during operation, as well as the combination of the road with the landscape, giving preference to solutions that provide minimal impact on the environment.

5.12 When carrying out work on the construction of highways and artificial structures, it is necessary:

Ensure the preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and fauna;

Ensure the reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement of equipment, materials, access roads, quarries and other areas of activity used in construction;

Ensure an increase in the stability of the roadbed in landslide areas, create favorable conditions for the further use of lands temporarily withdrawn for construction;

Protect surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, anti-icing and other chemicals used during construction;

To develop measures to prevent and reduce air pollution by dust emissions and exhaust gases, as well as protection from noise, vibration, electromagnetic pollution of the population living in the immediate vicinity of the road section under construction;

- to ensure control over the radiation level of the used building materials;

Ensure during construction the cleaning of household waste and other contaminants, including construction waste, at temporary sites located in the right-of-way;

ODM 218.3.031- - restore the natural flow of flowing water bodies and equip stagnant water bodies.

5.13 If there are specially protected natural areas, historical or cultural monuments in the construction zone, measures should be taken to preserve, and, if possible, improve their condition.

5.14 Clearing the road lane and areas for road structures is carried out strictly within the designated boundaries. Warehousing of timber, felling residues, materials remaining after dismantling structures along the edges of the right-of-way is allowed only for the period of clearing, before removal to places specially designated by the project.

5.15 Clearing the road strip from forest and bushes should be carried out in separate sections, in the order of priority in the erection of a roadbed on them or other work. In wooded areas, clearing is usually done during the winter season. Ahead of clearing the road from forest and shrubbery should not exceed the possibilities of line construction and the amount of work in the coming season.

5.16 When deforestation is used, skidding trails and logging yards should be located within the strip allocated for the road, and, if impossible, in places determined by the project, with the appropriate registration of a temporary allotment.

5.17 The removal of wood and waste is carried out along temporary roads laid within the right-of-way or along the routes established by the project using the network of local roads or winter roads, as well as along specially laid temporary roads provided for by the project.

5.18 Commercial timber and clearing waste, including uprooted stumps, should be completely removed to designated locations prior to excavation. It is not allowed to leave cleaning waste at the border of the right-of-way.

5.19 If it is impossible to use felling residues and non-commercial wood, in agreement with environmental authorities, it is allowed to liquidate them by burial or burning in specially designated places.

5.20 In swamps, felling residues can be used in the form of brushwood at the base of the embankment.

5.21 Solid felling of forest and removal of shrubs with bulldozers or brush cutters and moving them along with roots and soil to the border of the road lane is not allowed.

5.22 From the lands occupied for the road and its structures, as well as temporarily occupied for the period of road construction, the fertile layer of the places provided for by the project.

limited by the outer contours of the roadbed and other road structures. The thickness of the removed layer is set by the project.

5.24 When removing the soil layer, measures are taken to protect it from pollution: mixing with mineral soil, clogging, water and wind erosion.

5.25 If there is a shortage of soil for reclamation purposes, the potentially fertile soil of the upper layers of overburden is collected and stored.

Stacks of fertile soil are placed on dry places outside the zone of flattening of the slopes of the embankment (excavation) separately in a form convenient for subsequent loading and transportation. The height of the stacks is no more than 10.0 m, and the angle of the unreinforced slope is no more than 30 °. The surfaces of the piles of fertile soil and potentially fertile rocks are strengthened by sowing perennial grasses.

drainage ditches.

ODM 218.3.031- 5.26 Soil removal is not carried out in swamps (not developed for agricultural production), in sandy deserts, on saline lands, as well as in case of ineffectiveness of its secondary use, established by land management authorities.

5.27 On the lands occupied for temporary structures or bypass sections of roads, after completion of all work, reclamation and complete restoration of the fertile layer are carried out.

5.28 Removal is subject to the fertile soil layer with physical and chemical properties that meet the requirements of GOST 17.5.1.03-86.

5.29 When making excavations, take into account the effect of drainage and the corresponding changes in the regime of groundwater, on the adjacent strip with a width equal to three depths of excavations for sandy soils and two depths for clayey soils.

5.30 If the erection of the subgrade (regardless of the height of the embankment) creates a risk of flooding by surface water and waterlogging of lands adjacent to the road, it is recommended to provide drainage and culverts that guarantee the pre-construction (or improved) conditions for agricultural crops or forest plantations.

5.31 When constructing embankments through swamps with a transverse (in relation to the road route) movement of water in the water-saturated horizon, measures are taken to prevent an increase in the water level and swampy area in the upper part of the bog, by filling the embankment or its lower part from drainage materials; devices along the roadbed of longitudinal ditches, and in lowered places, if necessary, of artificial structures.

If the soil cannot be used for filling embankments, then it can be used for filling the tops of ravines (with their simultaneous consolidation), erosion gullies, quarries and dumps with subsequent compaction and leveling of the surface.

5.32 On reclaimed lands, the laying of the road route, the elevation of the subgrade, the placement of drainage and culverts, are linked with reclamation work.

5.33 When the route passes through populated areas, measures should be taken to prevent dust formation.

5.34 When passing the road near settlements, recreation areas, hospital complexes, it is necessary to arrange noise and dust screens, barriers and other structures.

5.35 Noise protection structures on highways are used when the permissible sound level in the territory exceeds the standard values \u200b\u200bestablished by SNiP 23-03-2003.

5.36 In order to preserve fauna in places with established routes of migration of animals, it is necessary to provide for measures to prevent their appearance on roads and arrange special crossings to pass them.

5.37 For highways under construction, the suitable waste from mining, processing industries, thermal power plants (granulated slags, ash and ash mixtures of thermal power plants, etc.) is used to the maximum extent possible in the construction zone. When using production wastes, take into account their possible aggressiveness and toxicity in relation to the environment.

When working with waste, the requirements of the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 No. 89-FZ and other documents regulating the work with waste are taken into account.

5.38 For ecologically complex areas (permafrost water-saturated soils, swamps, floodplain zones, landslide slopes, etc.), measures are provided to ensure a minimum violation of the ecological balance.

ODM 218.3.031- 5.39 On the roads passing through forests, as well as near the borders of water protection and sanitary zones, protected and resort areas, measures are taken to prevent spontaneous vehicle exits outside the carriageway (including parking lots).

5.40 If there are manifestations of active geodynamic processes in the area of \u200b\u200bthe road construction (erosion, erosion, landslides, avalanches, karst sinkholes, etc.), consider the possibility of their elimination as part of the complex of work performed.

5.41 On road sections where it is planned to export snow contaminated with anti-ice materials in winter, it is advisable to provide for the construction of sites for storing this snow during the winter maintenance of highways (Section 13).

5.42 In places where spring water comes out, after analyzing its drinking qualities, the architectural design of structures and finishing of the outlet of spring water as a drinking source are provided.

5.43 During the construction of industrial bases, buildings and structures of the road and motor transport services, measures are developed to ensure compliance with:

- maximum permissible emissions of pollutants into the air;

- permissible discharges of pollutants into the environment;

- standards for waste generation and limits for their disposal.

6 Arrangement of subgrade and road pavement When leveling the surface of the subgrade, before removing and distributing material for an additional base layer, in dry weather, dedusting is carried out by pouring (distributing) dedusting substances or water using sprinklers, tanks equipped with distribution devices or special distributors of loose materials.

materials, waterproofing layers of roll materials, drainage and capillary-interrupting layers of non-woven synthetic materials, it is necessary to prevent clogging of the roadway by the remnants of these materials.

When arranging frost-protective and drainage layers of coarse-grained material (gravel, crushed stone, sand), they prevent the wind removal of dust and small particles outside the subgrade during loading, unloading and distribution. For this purpose, when necessary, material is moistened either at the place of loading or during unloading.

Delivery of mixtures prepared in mixing plants to the work site is carried out by specialized vehicles or adapted dump trucks with tightly closing sides and covered with tarpaulins, preventing weathering and spilling of the transported material.

When constructing substrates and coatings made of materials reinforced with organic binders, preference is given to bituminous emulsions and viscous bitumen, which cause the least pollution of the natural environment.

It is not recommended to use coke-chemical waste as a binder or additive in the construction of structural layers of road pavements, as well as their other use in road construction.

At all stages of the production of organic binding materials, isolation of technological lines, containers for collection and transportation of finished products is provided. In the workshops associated with the production and storage of finished products, supply and exhaust ventilation is arranged.

The storage of the finished product should be carried out in specially designated places in closed containers.

When arranging the surface treatment of asphalt concrete and other black coatings, ODM 218.3.031, less toxic bitumen emulsions, cationic BA, SC and anionic BA and CA are preferred as a binder.

When preparing asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the device of the upper layers of the coating, it is recommended to use less toxic anionic substances as additives of surfactants (surfactants).

The use of cationic substances as surfactant additives is possible in the preparation of asphalt-concrete mixtures intended for the construction of bases and lower layers of pavement surfaces.

6.10 Unloading of asphalt concrete mixtures is carried out into the receiving bins of asphalt pavers or special consumable containers or onto a prepared base. The unloading of asphalt concrete mixtures on the ground is not permitted.

6.11 Cleaning and washing of bodies of concrete trucks and dump trucks used for delivery of cement concrete mixtures is carried out in specially designated places. After washing, water is discharged into special sedimentation tanks, from where it can be reused.

Discharge of these waters into surface water bodies without treatment is not allowed.

6.12 When using film-forming materials for the maintenance of a base or coating of materials reinforced with cement, preference is given to less toxic water-based film-forming materials, for example, clarified bitumen emulsion or using a layer of sand 4-6 cm thick with watering.

6.13 The working bodies of the distributors of film-forming substances are regulated in such a way that the consumption of film-forming materials is carried out in accordance with the established standards.

6.14 It is not recommended to distribute film-forming substances when the movement of air masses is directed from the road towards water bodies, fields occupied by agricultural crops, garden plots, settlements, etc.

6.15 When preparing and transporting materials used for filling expansion joints, it is necessary to take measures to exclude the possibility of environmental pollution.

It is not allowed to leave vehicles and construction equipment with contaminated wheels outside the construction site.

agricultural land of inferior quality, and from forest lands, areas not covered with forest or occupied by shrubs and low-value plantations.

In the development of quarries and reserves, measures are provided to prevent the harmful effect of stripping and mining operations on the subsoil, coastal zones of fishery reservoirs, and the safety of mineral reserves.

Any activity that violates the safety of geological formations, paleontological objects and other subsoil areas of special scientific or cultural value and declared as reserves or natural or cultural monuments, as well as in areas of special value as animal habitats is not allowed.

A reduction in the area of \u200b\u200bland occupied by quarries and reserves is achieved by increasing the number and height of benches in the development of overburden rocks.

The depth of quarries and reserves is set taking into account the forecast of changes in the hydrogeological conditions of the adjacent territories and the direction of reclamation of disturbed lands.

The parameters of the dumps (height, angle of slope) with the direct location of the dump equipment on them are taken depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the dumped rocks, the conditions of the ODM 218.3.031 terrain and the bearing capacity of the base soils, the type of equipment adopted for the mechanization of dumping operations and the type strengthening the surface of the dumps.

In the presence of unsuitable toxic rocks (humic acids of bog sediments, pyrite, ferrous oxide, sulfates, etc.), they are laid at the base of overburden dumps or in a mined-out area of \u200b\u200ba quarry and screened with a sufficient layer of inert rocks.

The dumping method is selected from the condition of the least dust release.

schemes corresponding to the least pollution of the natural environment. In dry and warm weather, to reduce dust emission, the mining sites are hydro-irrigated.

7.10 When crushing, sorting, cleaning stone materials, the places of the highest dust release (places of loading, unloading, delivery of material to a conveyor, screen, crushers, conveyors) are isolated with shelters.

7.11 Warehousing of finished products is carried out outside the water protection zones of reservoirs on a natural or artificial solid surface, excluding mixing of materials. Open warehouses of mineral materials are equipped with anti-dust fences.

7.12 When cleaning crushed stone, gravel, sand in the warm season by a dry method, dust suppression measures are taken.

7.13 The conditions for bringing the land plots into a condition suitable for further use, as well as the storage conditions and the procedure for using the removed fertile soil layer are determined by the bodies providing land plots.

7.14 Deep quarry excavations, bottom excavations (river, lake, shelf), open pit excavations developed by a hydromechanized method should be recultivated in the direction of fishery, water management, recreational and construction use.

reconstruction of artificial structures The construction site for the construction of the bridge is selected as agreed in accordance with the established procedure and drawn up by a special act.

During the operation of construction sites, it is impossible to discharge into water bodies wastewater that is not purified and not neutralized, in accordance with the established standards.

During winter work, it is not allowed to leave construction waste, logs, stone, etc. on the ice and flooded banks.

The degree of necessary purification, neutralization and disinfection of wastewater, both during the construction period and for the subsequent operation of an artificial structure, is determined by the calculation and requirements of regulatory documents for the corresponding type of water bodies.

settling ponds or cascade type using gabions and biofilters (Figures 14.1-14.3).

If it is impossible to achieve the required degree of purification with the simplest treatment facilities, treatment facilities of a modular type are designed or, in exceptional cases, with an appropriate economic justification, treatment facilities of individual design are designed.

Sediments and floating materials formed as a result of cleaning at the bottom of sedimentation tanks of treatment facilities are transported for disposal to organizations licensed to work with this type of waste.

Discharge of treated wastewater into a reservoir can be carried out in accordance with the established procedure with environmental authorities.

ODM 218.3.031- Containers for garbage collection are provided at the construction site.

Littering up the site with construction waste is not allowed.

The number of temporary access roads to the construction site is minimized. In case of weak soils of floodplains, access roads are arranged on twig decks or slates. Access roads of this type are also arranged in order to preserve the thin soil cover in the forest-tundra zone.

8.10 After the termination of the operation of temporary access roads in the floodplain zones, brushwood and slates are completely disassembled and taken out of the floodplain.

8.11 The place and constructive solution of a temporary crossing of the river (ford, ferry crossing, low-water wooden bridge or pontoon bridge) shall be agreed with the environmental authorities in accordance with the established procedure.

8.12 Filling of temporary islands in the places where channel supports are erected is carried out with clean sand, subject to the established permissible content of suspended particles in the water.

8.13 When using prestressed reinforcement for channel injection and gluing blocks with polymer compounds based on epoxy resins, measures are taken to prevent the ingress of polymer materials and solvents into river waters.

8.14 Construction of bridges near water bodies of the first category in accordance with GOST 17.1.2.04-77 (used for the preservation and reproduction of valuable fish species that are highly sensitive to oxygen content in water) is carried out in compliance with the following measures:

During the period of mass spawning, hatching of larvae and migration of young fish, work within the water area, as well as movement through the water, measures are stopped and measures are taken to reduce the noise of construction machines and mechanisms operating on the banks of the river;

For fencing pits during the construction of channel supports of large bridges, it is preferable to use inventory metal lintels from pontoons of the KS type;

In order to reduce the constriction of the river and reduce the turbidity of the flow when constructing sand islands and pits for supports, it is preferable to use sheet piling;

When arranging pile foundations for supports, it is advisable to use drill and casing piles or posts; vibration driving of piles, and in the presence of sheet piling of a foundation pit - driving of piles with washing;

- it is necessary, if possible, to avoid the installation of temporary supports and scaffolding in the river bed;

The soil taken out of the pit, sinkhole or pile shells is taken out for use in embankments of approaches to the bridge and regulatory structures or stored outside the floodplain and water protection zones.

the construction of a culvert on watercourses (reservoirs) used for fishery purposes is allowed only with the permission of environmental authorities.

8.16 Restriction of the watercourse during the production of works, in which the flooding of agricultural land is possible, is agreed with the owners of the flooded land.

8.17 During the construction of fortifications of earthworks on watercourses, as well as drainage and ravine protection structures, flood control measures are provided to prevent soil washout and collapse during the period of rains and floods.

8.18 The construction of bridges and pipes in icy areas is carried out with the preservation of the established water-thermal regime of soils, peat-moss cover and vegetation on the watercourse.

ODM 218.3.031- 8.19 During the construction process and at its final stage, the following works are monitored:

Removal from the river channel of sandy islets, which were dumped during the construction of supports, with the removal of soil to the shore;

Cleaning the river bed and floodplain from obstructing objects (piles of scaffolds and temporary supports must be pulled out and taken out, twigs or slats of temporary access roads must be disassembled and taken out);

Dismantling of temporary structures at the construction site; planning and land reclamation, with the planting of shrubs and trees throughout the construction site, including access roads;

Planning and recultivation of disturbed lands with the restoration of shrubs and trees on the construction site, within the water protection zone and water protection forest belts on the banks of the watercourse; fishery reclamation of parts of the reservoir when they are damaged.

The completeness and quality of the performance of the listed works is recorded in the object delivery certificate.

Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways and artificial structures of highways and artificial structures is carried out with the maximum possible reduction of damage to the natural environment, through the use of environmentally friendly materials and technologies in the production of work, as well as the implementation of special environmental measures, in accordance with the requirements federal laws of January 10, 2002 No. 7-FZ and of December 27, 2002 No. 184-FZ.

When repairing and maintaining highways and artificial structures, the following should be provided:

- preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and fauna;

Reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement, used in the repair or maintenance of equipment, materials, access roads, quarry areas and other areas of activity engaged in repair and maintenance;

Increasing the stability of the roadbed in landslide areas, creating favorable conditions for the further use of lands temporarily withdrawn for road repair work;

- protection of surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants,dedusting, deicing and other chemicals;

Implementation of measures to prevent and reduce air pollution from emissions of dust and exhaust gases, as well as to protect against noise and vibration of the population living in the immediate vicinity of highways;

- observance of cleanliness from household waste and other pollution in the roadside;

- maintenance of existing stormwater drainage systems and treatment facilities in working order.

It is possible to start work on a land plot only after establishing and agreeing with the local land management authorities of the boundaries of the plot and receiving a document certifying the right to use the land.

increasing the radii of curves in the plan, softening the longitudinal slopes of the road, the implementation of these measures, if possible, is carried out without disturbing the landscape, without causing soil erosion, the development of ravines, changing the drainage system in the roadside and with strict observance of the requirements of land legislation.

ODM 218.3.031- measures to preserve and prevent pollution of soils, water bodies, rivers and groundwater. All activities related to water resources (rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.) are carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Water Code of the Russian Federation dated June 03, 2006 No. 74-FZ. These activities include:

- prevention of spilling of fuels and lubricants and other process fluids;

production of works;

Organization of a surface drainage system, ensuring the collection of runoff from the coating of the construction site;

If necessary, the device of local treatment facilities for cleaning surface runoff before discharging it into the reservoir from the construction site;

Arrangement of special areas (snow dump sites) for temporary storage of snow and ice removed from the carriageway of roads and bridges.

anti-icing materials in the fight against winter slipperiness on bridge crossings, it is advisable to arrange the top layer of the coating with anti-icing properties, for example, with the anti-adhesive additive "Grikol".

When carrying out repair work in settlements near residential buildings at night from 23:00 to 7:00 in the morning, the requirements established by SNiP 23-03-2003 should be observed and ensured in the territories immediately adjacent to residential buildings, buildings of clinics, rest homes, etc. ... the maximum permissible levels of equivalent sound.

To reduce the gas contamination of the territories of settlements adjacent to the existing highways, measures are being taken to ensure the ventilation of the roads, the uniformity of the movement of vehicles, and the installation of protective screens.

To protect the surrounding area, surface and ground waters from dust pollution, household waste, fuels and lubricants and other materials, it is necessary:

Installation of coatings that exclude dust formation, primarily on road sections passing through settlements, in the immediate vicinity of hospitals, sanatoriums, schools, kindergartens, recreation areas, water protection zones, through land, where dust reduces the yield or quality of crops ;

- strengthening of roadsides with asphalt concrete or rubble;

Carrying out works to remove dirt, debris and dust removal after cold milling of layers of asphalt concrete pavement;

construction of a sufficient number of parking lots and recreation areas, placing increased demands on their sanitary and hygienic arrangement and equipment.

It is not allowed to arrange parking areas within the water protection zone.

9.10 It is necessary to use road transport and road equipment only in a technically sound condition and free from leaks and undermining of fuels and lubricants.

transported liquid and bulk road building materials.

9.12 When carrying out work on the maintenance of highways and artificial structures, the road service should prevent the deterioration of the natural environment in the area adjacent to the road, paying special attention to the use of chemical anti-ice and dust-removing materials.

9.13 When combating winter slipperiness on roads and streets, preference should be given to the preventive method (to prevent the formation of slipperiness), especially when working in early spring, as ODM 218.3.031- as in this case, the consumption rate of anti-icing materials is much lower.

roadside vegetation of anti-icing and de-dusting chemicals, the working bodies of special distribution machines are carefully regulated, providing protection against the ingress of chemicals outside the roadway, the norms of their distribution are strictly controlled. Dusting of roads with salts in a finely dispersed state (powder) must not be carried out in settlements.

9.15 On reinforced concrete and metal bridges it is not recommended to use deicing materials containing chlorides to combat winter slipperiness. The resulting snow and ice deposits are transported outside the bridge crossing to specially designated snow dump sites.

9.16 If there is a drainage and treatment system for surface runoff on the bridge, work is carried out to maintain them. The work consists in regular cleaning of storm water inlets, trays and collectors from sediments and foreign objects. The maintenance of local treatment facilities is carried out in accordance with the design regulations for the implementation of work on the operation of the treatment facility.The scope of work includes: periodic cleaning of sediment chambers from sediment, replacement of filter fillers and removal of sludge and filler material for subsequent disposal in specialized organizations or burial at specially designated landfills licensed.

All treatment facilities must have permits for environmental documentation, agreed in accordance with the established procedure with environmental authorities.

9.17 When the first signs of soil salinity appear near highways, plastering, liming, leaching or other measures are carried out.

9.18 In the fight against winter slipperiness and dedusting, materials and industrial waste cannot be used without the conclusion of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare.

9.19 All sources of drinking water - springs, wells, etc., located near highways, are kept clean. At least once a year, water quality control is carried out with the involvement of laboratories accredited in the established manner for this purpose.

9.20 To protect the soil and vegetation cover of the roadside from contamination with household waste, garbage containers are installed along the roads, which are regularly freed from garbage and collected solid domestic waste (MSW). Garbage and solid waste must be disposed of or buried at specially designated landfills with appropriate licenses.

9.21 To eliminate the consequences of emergency spills of fuel and lubricants and other oil products on the roads, as well as to prevent the formation of a fire hazard, road enterprises immediately take measures to clean up and neutralize pollution.

9.22 Clearing the road lane, when maintaining highways, from forest and bushes, is carried out in separate sections, in order of priority. In forested areas, clearing is usually done during the winter season.

9.23 Commercial timber and clearance residues, including uprooted stumps, are completely removed to designated locations. Leaving cleaning waste within the right-of-way is not permitted.

9.24 If it is impossible to use felling residues and non-commercial wood, in agreement with environmental authorities, it is allowed to liquidate them by burial or burning in specially designated places.

ODM 218.3.031 - in accordance with the established dendrological rules.

Reclamation works that are subject to disturbance by open pit mines should be carried out according to a special project drawn up on the basis of studying and analyzing data characterizing the natural physical and geological conditions of the area, economic, socio-economic and sanitary-hygienic conditions of the area, the technology of restoration work, economic feasibility and social the effect of reclamation, agreed with the state supervision authorities.

is linked to the structure of the complex mechanization of the main mining operations, the service life and stages of development of the open pit.

10.3 The direction of recultivation of disturbed lands is determined in accordance with GOST 17.5.1.01-83. When justifyingdirections of reclamation in each specific case, it is necessary to take into account the relief, geological and hydrogeological conditions, the composition and properties of rocks and soils of adjacent territories, weather and climatic conditions, vegetation composition, economic and geographical, economic, socio-economic and sanitary and hygienic conditions.

of disturbed lands the following requirements are imposed on reclaimed territories:

- the value of the slope of the reclaimed land should not exceed 10%;

The thickness of the fertile soil layer on the reclaimed land must not be less than the thickness of the fertile soil layer on the adjacent agricultural land;

- unevenness of the planned land should not exceed 5 cm at a distance of 4 m.

10.5 With the agricultural direction of reclamation, the calculated groundwater level should not be higher than 0.5 m, and with the forestry direction of reclamation - not higher than 2.0 m from the surface.

10.6 In the agricultural direction of reclamation, the main attention should be paid to the preparation of the surface of disturbed lands and the conduct of agrotechnical measures aimed at improving the chemical and physical properties of rocks, increasing soil fertility.

10.7 To create reservoirs, it is required to carry out activities, including works on planning, increasingstability, improvement of coastal slopes and the surrounding area, implementation of measures to exclude stagnant water.

10.8 In the fishery direction of reclamation, the work should include the device of a layer of the appropriate soil (substrate) in the water area or in floodplain zones to create spawning grounds and fish feeding grounds.

10.9 The type of subsequent development of disturbed lands determines the nature of the planning works (continuous, terraced, partial planning).

Continuous leveling of the surface is made for the agricultural direction of reclamation: terraced and partial - for forestry, water management, fisheries and other areas of reclamation.

10.10 Work on reclamation of disturbed lands is carried out in two stages: technical and biological stages.

10.11 At the technical stage of land reclamation, work should be carried out on the planning of the worked-out area, the formation of slopes, quarries (reserves), the transportation and application of potentially fertile rocks and soils to the reclaimed land, the construction of access roads, hydraulic engineering and reclamation structures, etc., including:

- drainage of surface waters and drainage of areas, clearing the surface from foreign objects;

ODM 218.3.031- - removal of the vegetation (soil) layer, transportation and stacking it in stacks for storage;

Development of underlying rocks and rocks suitable for the purposes of reclamation (in the development of deposits), transportation and stacking them;

- leveling of worked-out areas and formation of slopes;

- distribution of previously removed plant soil to the planned surface.

10.12 At the biological stage of land reclamation, a complex of agrotechnical and phytomeliorative measures is carried out aimed at the restoration of flora and fauna.

10.13 The forestry direction of biological reclamation is carried out with the aim of creating forest plantations with anti-erosion or air protection purposes.

10.14 Forestry direction of reclamation is carried out in the forest zone, in industrial centers that need to improve sanitary and hygienic conditions, as well as in cases where agricultural reclamation is ineffective or impractical.

10.15 Laying of rocks should be done in such a way that soils with poorer physicochemical characteristics are overlapped by soils with more favorable properties in terms of their agricultural use. It is recommended to lay the fertile soil layer no earlier than two years after the use of the planned territory for hayfields or pastures. In this case, loosening or plowing of the planned surface should be carried out.

10.16 When using reclaimed land for arable land, the thickness of the fertile soil layer should be at least 0.2-0.5 m.To create forage lands (hayfields, pastures), it is sufficient to arrange a layer of potentially fertile species with a thickness of at least 0.3-0.7 m. When using reclaimed land for growing trees and shrubs, it is necessary to arrange a layer of potentially fertile species with a thickness of at least 2.0 m.

10.17 Technical reclamation of the roadside lateral reserves in the cross section is carried out by smooth conjugation of the slope of the roadbed with the adjacent territory. Reclamation can be carried out according to two schemes: backfilling of reserves with imported material or transverse displacement of soil from the adjacent territory to the reserve until an acceptable slope is reached, followed by laying a fertile soil layer.

10.18 Reclamation of the roadside lateral reserves is advisable to carry out in the general flow of the roadbed construction.

10.19 Technical reclamation of concentrated quarries and reserves is carried out by filling the worked-out space with materials from overburden dumps or by flattening the slopes of processing. Filling the worked-out space can also be done by hydromechanization.

10.20 The slopes of the graded slopes must comply with the conditions of the chosen direction of reclamation and anti-erosion conditions.

When flattening is difficult or impossible, the slope is terraced.

The number of terraces is determined by the overall stability of the slope and the working conditions. The transverse slope of the terraces should be 1.5-2 ° towards the slope.

10.21 Reducing the pollution of the natural environment with dust during loading and unloading operations performed during the development and reclamation of open pits and reserves is carried out by reducing the number of transshipments, dusty materials, reducing the height of loading and unloading, the use of hydro-irrigation and other measures.

10.22 When performing stripping and reclamation works on access and open pit roads, the roads are dedusted.

10.23 In case of joint occurrence of various overburden rocks, their selective development and selective dumping are carried out. First of all, this applies to the fertile soil layer.

ODM 218.3.031-10.24 The fertile soil layer is removed in a thawed state in a warm and dry period.

10.25 For storage of overburden, unsuitable for road construction, it is advisable to use the mined-out area of \u200b\u200bthe open pit or place it outside the open pit.

10.26 To place overburden outside the quarry, natural and artificial depressions of the terrain are used. It is necessary to exclude the possibility of the formation of closed drainage areas leading to flooding of the area adjacent to the quarry field. For this, it is necessary to provide for special drainage and culverts.

Dedusting of highways 11.1 Dust removal works, first of all, are carried out on the road sections passing through settlements, along fields occupied by agricultural crops.

11.2 The most effective way to deal with dust on gravel and dirt roads is to treat them with dedusting materials. For a short-term prevention of dust formation (for 1-2 hours), water moistening with a flow rate of 1-2 l / m2 is used, as well as speed limiting on roads passing through or near settlements, protected areas, agricultural land, etc.

11.3 Consumption rates of dust-removing materials, work technology and other issues related to combating dust on roads are adopted in accordance with the requirements set out in the order of the Ministry of Transport of Russia dated November 2007 No. 160 and VSN 7-89.

11.4 When crossing rivers, streams or other water barriers, road sections within the established water protection zones, and in their absence, on road sections 100 m long on each side of the bridge (pipe), as well as sections passing in the drinking water protection zone and along other reservoirs located at a distance of up to 100 m, dust is removed only with organic binders in the form of bitumen or bitumen emulsion.

11.5 The use of dedusting agents in areas passing through water-protected areas, other protected zones, territories of reserves and sanctuaries is allowed only by agreement with environmental authorities.

materials 12.1 To reduce the negative impact on roadside soil, water and vegetation of de-dusting and deicing materials (PGM), it is necessary to use them in the minimum amount dictated by traffic safety conditions, observing the regime and standards provided for by the technology to combat winter slipperiness and set out in the ODM. 218.5.001-2008, ODM dated 16.06.2003 No. OS-548-r, methodological recommendations dated 17.03.2004 No. OS-28/1270-is).

12.2 It is necessary to transport deicing and dedusting materials and their components to the points of preparation, storage and storage in closed wagons at a positive air temperature. When transporting materials by road, especially in rainy weather, plastic bags are used or covered with tarps or plastic wrap.

12.3 Preparation (mixing), storage and storage of chemical and chemical-friction materials in solid and liquid state is recommended to be carried out in closed mechanized warehouses or on sites with a hard surface (for example, from cast asphalt concrete).

The sites are equipped with a drainage system with receiving wells and an evaporating basin, drainage systems and brine wells, which exclude the seepage of solutions into the soil. The material supplied to ODM 218.3.031 - road facilities in bulk should be stored in bunker or silo warehouses.

12.4 The distribution of PGM and dedusting salts is carried out only by mechanical methods. Treatment of coatings with scaled or granular reagents is carried out by salt distributors and universal distributors.

The filling of liquid PGM is carried out by distributors of liquid PGM.

The working bodies of the distribution means are regulated in such a way that the distribution of materials is carried out exclusively on the carriageway.

12.5 When distributing anti-icing materials, it is recommended to take into account that the approximate amount of materials distributed during the winter period on roads passing through I road-climatic zone should not exceed 2.5 kg per 1 m2 of coverage (no more than 2 kg is recommended), for II road climatic zone - 2 kg per 1 m2 of coverage, for III and IV road climatic zones 1.5 kg - per 1 m2 of coverage, for V road-climatic zone 1 kg - per 1 m2 of coverage.

12.6 To reduce consumption, a preventive treatment of the coating with moistened salt is applied at the rate of 5-20 g / m2 in a dry state before snowfall or ice formation (in accordance with the weather forecast).

12.7 In early spring, to prevent slipperiness, it is allowed to use minimal amount chlorides - up to 10 g / m2 per treatment, taking into account the fact that during this period the soil and vegetation are most sensitive to their effects.

12.8 For storage of solutions of salts and natural brines at the bases of road facilities, tanks with a capacity of 20-50 m3 or pits with insulated walls closed from above are used to prevent the solution from flowing into the soil and contamination of surface and groundwater, in accordance with the requirements of section 5, ODM dated 16.06. 2003 No. OS-548-p).

monitored weekly. If a leak is found, it is urgently eliminated.

deicing materials, preference is given to calcium chloride, namely, modified calcium chloride (CCF) or natural brine based on it. Water, soil and vegetation are not very sensitive to an increase in calcium content in them, and natural brines contain more than 50 trace elements that help to reduce the negative effects of sodium and improve the properties of the soil and vegetation cover. It is necessary to take into account the stimulating characteristics of natural brines for plant growth, which can lead to clogging of storm sewers, pipes and environmental safety, for example, a rise in the level of groundwater and additional soil salinization.

Chloride salts in pure form, or in a mixture with friction materials, do not have a harmful effect on asphalt concrete with winter slipperiness on cement concrete pavements under the age of three years, built without air-entraining additives, and on cement-concrete pavements built with air-entraining additives, up to one year old ... Friction materials without chloride salts are used on these coatings.

12.11 To improve the state of the environment while fighting winter slipperiness on roads, heaped snow-ice deposits in settlements, on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and other similar objects are disposed of and stored at specially designated snow dump sites.

12.12 The location of warehouses for deicing materials and dedusting salts is selected taking into account the peculiarities of the natural environment, terrain, the presence of streams, reservoirs and other water sources.

ODM 218.3.031- It is not allowed to build stacks or warehouses in water protection zones of water bodies and zones of sanitary protection of water supply sources.

12.13 In order to reduce the negative effect of anti-icing substances and de-dusting materials on plants and soil, the following measures are taken:

Meteorological support systems are used, including stationary meteorological posts, mobile road laboratories, communication systems, modern software for solving problems of winter maintenance and dust removal of highways;

In places with a large amount of introduced chlorides, drainage is provided by laying intercepting and diverting drains or a transverse slope towards the roadside ditch is created at least 5-7 °. The shape of the cross-section of the dividing strip must be convex;

In order to limit the area polluted by the road with dust and salts, forest belts are arranged, which block the transfer of these substances;

- when planting or sowing, an assortment of plants resistant to soil salinity is used (see Appendix 4);

If chlorides enter the soil of newly created forest belts, soil is loosened in them at least five times in the first year and three times in subsequent years, watering up to 2-3 times at 30-50 l / m2 per month and annual fertilizing;

12.14 When planting trees in shrubs on clay and loamy water permeability, and, consequently, better chlorine leaching.

When using fertilizers, special attention should be paid to organic, and from mineral - nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and boric fertilizers. Chlorine and sodium-containing fertilizers are not applied.

anti-icing materials and dust-removing materials are produced in the spring-summer period of observation of the state of plants, attention is drawn to their growth, signs of poisoning, the appearance or disappearance of indicator plants (see Appendix G).

12.16 To prevent secondary soil salinization, in the right-of-way after mowing, cut grass and tree leaves fallen in autumn are removed.

passing through artificial structures (overpasses, bridges, overpasses) within cities and settlements, are taken out to snow collection points equipped in accordance with the requirements of ODM. 218.5.001-2008 13.2 The number of snow collection points and their location are determined based on the conditions:

- ensuring the efficiency of work on the removal of snow from the road;

- minimization of transport costs when removing snow;

- the amount of snow to be removed from the road;

- provision of unimpeded transport access to them.

Snow collection points are divided into:

- "dry" snow dumps;

contaminated melt water.

"Dry" snow dump sites should not be located in water protection zones of water bodies.

ODM 218.3.031- The area allocated for a "dry" snow dump must have a hard surface; embankment along the entire perimeter, excluding the ingress of melt water on the relief; drainage gutters and a system for transporting melt water to local treatment facilities; fencing around the entire perimeter; a checkpoint equipped with a telephone connection. An approximate scheme of a "dry" snow dump is shown in Figures 1-3.

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Sectoral road methodological document ODM 218.3.031-2013
"METHODOLOGICAL RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS"
(recommended by order of the Federal Road Agency of April 24, 2013 N 600-r)

Introduced for the first time

1 area of \u200b\u200buse

1.1 This sectoral road guidance document contains recommendations on environmental protection during the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways and is aimed at improving the environmental safety of highways and bridge structures, reducing their negative environmental impact.

2. Normative references

This guidance document uses references to the following documents:

GOST 17.1.2.04-77 State standard. Protection of Nature. Hydrosphere. Status indicators and taxation rules for fishery water bodies.

GOST 17.1.5.02-80 Nature Conservation. Hydrosphere. Hygienic Requirements for Recreational Areas of Water Bodies.

GOST 17.5.1.01-83 Nature Protection. Land reclamation. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 17.5.1.03-86 Nature Protection. Earth. Classification of overburden and enclosing rocks for biological land reclamation.

GOST 2761-84 Sources of centralized drinking water supply. Hygienic, technical requirements and selection rules.

GOST 20444-85 State standard of the USSR. Noise. Transport streams. Methods for measuring the noise characteristics.

GOST 30772-2001 Interstate Standard. Resource saving. Waste management. Terms and Definitions.

GOST 31330.1-2006 (ISO 11819-1: 1997) Interstate standard. Noise. Assessment of the impact of road surface on traffic noise. Part 1. Statistical method.

3. Terms and definitions

In this ODM, the following terms and definitions are used.

3.1 drainage: Any discharge of water, including waste water and (or) drainage water, into water bodies.

3.2 turf: The surface layer of the soil, intertwined with live and dead roots, shoots and rhizomes of perennial grasses.

3.3 pollutant: A substance or a mixture of substances, the amount and (or) concentration of which exceeds the standards established for chemical substances, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, and have a negative impact on the environment.

3.4 grounding: Lawn care measure, which consists in spreading a layer of humus earth over the surface of the site.

3.5 tinning: A system of measures to maintain and increase productivity (by strengthening the sod, thickening), used on slopes, beams, river terraces, hills, etc.

3.6 limits on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms: Restrictions on emissions and discharges of pollutants and microorganisms into the environment, established for the period of environmental protection measures, including the introduction of the best existing technologies, in order to achieve standards in the field of environmental protection.

3.7 waste disposal limit: The maximum permissible amount of a specific type of waste that is allowed to be disposed in a certain way for a specified period in waste disposal facilities, taking into account the environmental situation in a given territory.

3.8 maximum sound level: The sound level of intermittent noise corresponding to the maximum reading of a measuring direct-indicating device (sound level meter) during visual reading, or the sound level exceeded for 1% of the duration of the measuring interval when the noise is recorded by an automatic evaluating device (statistical analyzer).

3.9 standards of permissible emissions and discharges of chemicals: The standards that are established for economic and other activities in accordance with the indicators of the mass of chemical substances, including radioactive, other substances and microorganisms, permissible for entry into the environment from stationary, mobile and other sources in the prescribed manner and taking into account technological standards, and subject to which environmental quality standards are ensured.

3.10 waste generation standard: The established amount of a specific waste type in the production of a unit of production

3.11 environment: A set of components of the natural environment, natural and natural-anthropogenic objects, as well as anthropogenic objects.

3.12 environmental protection: The activities of state authorities of the Russian Federation, state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local government bodies, public and other non-profit associations, legal entities and individuals, aimed at preserving and restoring the natural environment, rational use and reproduction of natural resources, preventing the negative impact of economic and other activities on the environment and elimination of its consequences.

3.13 waste: Residues of products or additional product formed in the process or at the end of a specific activity and not used in direct connection with this activity.

3.14 Waste from production and consumption in the road sector: Residues of products or an additional product formed in the process or upon completion of a certain technological process in the road organization and not used in construction, reconstruction, overhaul. repair and maintenance of roads and road infrastructure.

Examples. 1 Milled asphalt concrete or remnants of asphalt concrete resulting from cutting off pavement edges are not waste if used by road organizations; but they are waste when transported for disposal to another organization.

2 Snow collected during road cleaning is not a waste of the road sector, because it is not formed as a result of the technological process carried out by road organizations, but during its removal, the requirements established by the methodological recommendations and section 13 of these methodological recommendations must be observed.

3.15 waste passport: A document certifying that the waste belongs to the waste of the corresponding type and class of hazard, containing information about their composition.

3.16 maximum permissible emission: The standard for the maximum permissible emission of harmful (polluting) substances into the atmospheric air, which is established for a stationary source of atmospheric air pollution, taking into account the technical standards for emissions and background air pollution, provided that this source does not exceed the hygienic and environmental standards for atmospheric air quality, the maximum permissible (critical) loads on ecological systems, other environmental standards.

3.17 maximum permissible concentration (MPC): The concentration of a pollutant in the atmospheric air does not have a direct or indirect adverse effect on the present or future generations throughout life, does not reduce a person's working capacity, does not worsen his health and sanitary living conditions.

3.18 maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of a chemical in soil: A comprehensive indicator of the content of chemicals in the soil, harmless to humans.

3.19 wastewater: Waters, which are discharged into water bodies after their use or which are discharged from a contaminated area.

3.20 equivalent (energy) sound level: The sound level of constant noise, which has the same rms sound pressure as the investigated variable noise over a specified time interval in dBA.

4. General requirements for environmental protection when performing construction and repair work on highways and bridge structures

4.1. Land use

Land use is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Land Code of the Russian Federation of October 25, 2001 N 136-FZ and is aimed at ensuring the safety of ecological systems.

Construction and operating organizations, which are in charge of the land plots occupied for the road under construction or in operation, carry out measures for:

Soil conservation;

Protection of lands from water and wind erosion, mudflows, waterlogging, waterlogging, secondary salinization, desiccation, compaction, pollution by chemicals, littering with production and consumption waste, as a result of which land degradation occurs;

Protect the right-of-way of highways from overgrowing with trees and shrubs, weeds, eliminate the consequences of pollution and littering;

Reclamation of disturbed lands.

4.2. Atmospheric air protection

Atmospheric air protection is carried out in accordance with the Federal Law of May 4, 1999 N 96-FZ.

It is necessary, if possible, to switch to the use of gas fuel and other more environmentally friendly types of energy to improve the environmental situation at transport infrastructure facilities.

4.3. Protection of water resources

Protection of water resources is carried out in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation of June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ. Protection of water resources is the most important component of the protection of the environment, the habitat of flora and fauna, including aquatic biological resources.

The use of water bodies should not have a negative impact on the environment.

Discharge of waste water and (or) drainage water into water bodies is not allowed:

Referred to specially protected water bodies.

Discharge of waste water and (or) drainage water into water bodies located within the boundaries of:

Zones of sanitary protection of sources of drinking household water supply;

First, second zones of sanitary (mountain-sanitary) protection districts of health-improving areas and resorts;

Fish protection zones, fishery protected areas, areas of mass spawning, fish feeding and the location of wintering pits.

In order to prevent pollution, clogging, siltation of water bodies and depletion of their waters, as well as to preserve the habitat of aquatic biological resources and other objects of flora and fauna, in accordance with the Water Code of the Russian Federation of June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ for all rivers and water bodies, water protection zones have been established (see Appendix B), territories that adjoin the coastline of seas, rivers, streams, canals, lakes, reservoirs and on which a special regime for carrying out economic and other activities has been established.

To reduce the removal of pollutants with surface runoff, measures should be taken:

Eliminating the discharge of industrial waste into the rainwater drainage system;

Organization of regular cleaning of the right-of-way territories;

Carrying out timely repair of road surfaces;

Fencing of greening areas with curbs, excluding soil washout onto the road surface;

Increasing the degree of dust and gas cleaning at the treatment facilities of the road infrastructure;

Increasing the technical level of vehicle operation;

Fencing of construction sites with the ordering of drainage of surface runoff through a temporary system of open trays, its clarification by 50-70% in sedimentation tanks and subsequent discharge onto the terrain or further purification;

Localization of areas where spills and spills of pollutants are inevitable, followed by drainage and cleaning of surface runoff; streamlining storage and transportation of bulk and liquid materials.

The choice of the scheme for drainage and treatment of surface runoff is determined by the level of its pollution and the required degree of treatment.

Water bodies and watercourses (water bodies) are considered polluted if the indicators of the composition and properties of water in them have changed under the direct and indirect influence of the production of works or the operation of the road and road structures and become partially or completely unsuitable for one of the types of water use. The suitability of the composition and properties of surface waters is determined by their compliance with the requirements and standards established by GOST 2761-84, GOST 17.1.5.02-80 and the Water Code of the Russian Federation.

When performing hydromechanized work, flooding and flooding of settlements, industrial enterprises, roads, as well as agricultural or forestry lands are not allowed.

In order to prevent changes in aquatic ecosystems, including changes in the biological activity of algae, microorganisms and other hydrobionts, changes in the hydrological regime of water bodies are not allowed: the construction of dams, dams, cofferdam, branches, approaches to bridges, etc. without calculation by calculation of erosion of the river and bank bottom.

4.4. Protection of forests, plants, animals

In accordance with Federal Law No. 52-FZ of April 24, 1995, any activity that entails a change in the habitat of objects of the animal world and the deterioration of the conditions for their reproduction, feeding, recreation and migration routes is carried out in compliance with the requirements ensuring the protection of the animal world.

During the construction of highways, measures are developed and implemented to ensure the preservation of migration routes for wildlife objects and places of their constant concentration, including during the breeding and wintering periods. If necessary, the construction of fences from the ingress of wild animals on the road is carried out or crossings for animals across the road are built.

In specially protected natural areas, the construction of highways is allowed, only after calculations of the environmental impact and if they do not violate the life cycles of objects of the animal world.

4.5. Noise protection

In accordance with Federal Law No. 7-FZ of January 10, 2002, construction organizations are required to take the necessary measures to prevent and eliminate the negative impact of noise, vibration, infrasound, electric, electromagnetic fields and other negative physical impact on the environment in urban and rural settlements, recreation areas, habitats and breeding areas of wild animals and birds, to natural ecological systems and natural landscapes.

Protection against road noise should be provided:

The use of acoustic screens;

Compliance with sanitary breaks (by noise factor) of highways;

Application of noise protection belts for green spaces;

Using coating materials that reduce traffic noise;

Prohibition of transit transport or restriction of freight transport in places of permanent residence of people where noise pollution exceeds the established norms.

4.6. Waste handling

When working with waste, construction and operating organizations must comply with environmental, sanitary and other requirements established by the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ. In accordance with these requirements, construction and operating organizations should:

Have technical and technological documentation allowing the use and disposal of the generated waste, if it is used and neutralized in its own production.

Develop drafts of waste generation standards and limits for waste disposal in order to reduce the amount of waste generation and maximize their use in the construction process;

Introduce low-waste technologies based on the latest scientific and technical achievements;

Conduct an inventory of waste and waste disposal facilities;

Monitor the state of the environment at waste disposal sites;

Provide in the prescribed manner the necessary information in the field of waste management;

Comply with the requirements for the prevention of accidents related to waste management and take urgent measures to eliminate them;

Obtain licenses in accordance with the established procedure when working with waste of 1-4 hazard classes;

In accordance with the established procedure, approve passports for waste of 1-4 hazard classes, which are used in the construction, repair and maintenance of highways.

4.7. Environmental preparation

Officials responsible for the preparation and implementation of environmental measures must undergo environmental training and carry out environmental briefing with persons directly involved in the construction, reconstruction, repair and maintenance of highways.

5. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of highways

5.1 Measures for environmental protection during the construction of highways are carried out in accordance with the developed and approved working project.

5.2 When performing construction work, the requirements and measures of the "Environmental Protection" section developed as part of the project for the construction (reconstruction) of a motor road or other facility are taken into account.

5.3 Measures for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources are provided for in the construction organization project (PIC), in the work production project (PPR), as well as in the technological regulations (technological maps, etc.).

5.4 The construction management project includes the development of a system of industrial environmental control over compliance with environmental standards and design technical solutions for environmental protection and rational use of natural resources.

5.5 The contractor is responsible for the safety of all environmental objects located in the zone of direct or indirect influence of the work carried out, and is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect them from damage or other damage, including in cases when for some reason this is not provided for by the project ...

5.6 In the event of damage, damage or loss of property or natural resources due to omissions, neglect or violation of the relevant rules and regulations, the Contractor restores them at his own expense to a state similar or equivalent to the one that existed before the damage, or pays the owner (with the consent of the owner ) appropriate compensation.

5.7 Officials and citizens guilty of actions that violate environmental legislation and harm the environment and human health are subject to disciplinary, administrative or civil and criminal liability, and legal entities - administrative and civil.

5.8 Construction organizations that have valid permits for emissions and discharges of pollutants into the environment, standards for waste generation and limits for their disposal, other environmental documentation established by law and who have persons responsible for issues in their staff are allowed to perform work at a construction or reconstruction facility. ecology.

5.9 Construction organizations performing work at facilities must have the following permissive environmental documentation drawn up in the prescribed manner:

Volume of maximum permissible emissions (MPE) and Permission for the emission of pollutants into the air;

Volume of permissible discharge standards (VAT) and Permission for discharge of pollutants into the environment;

Draft waste disposal limits and a document on the approval of waste generation standards and limits for their disposal;

In necessary cases, established by SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1200-03, an agreed Project for the organization of a sanitary protection zone (SPZ).

5.11 When choosing the organization and technology for the construction of a highway, in addition to technical and economic indicators, one should take into account environmental risks and risks to public health, caused to the environment and humans, both during the construction period and during operation, as well as the combination of the road with the landscape giving preference to solutions that have a minimum impact on the environment.

5.12 When carrying out work on the construction of highways and artificial structures, it is necessary:

Ensure the preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and fauna;

Ensure the reclamation of lands temporarily used for placement of equipment, materials, access roads, quarries and other areas of activity used in construction;

Ensure an increase in the stability of the roadbed in landslide areas, create favorable conditions for the further use of lands temporarily withdrawn for construction;

Protect surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, anti-icing and other chemicals used during construction;

Ensure control over the radiation level of used building materials;

Ensure during construction the cleaning of household waste and other contaminants, including construction waste, at temporary sites located in the right-of-way;

Restore the natural course of flowing water bodies and equip stagnant water bodies.

5.13 If there are specially protected natural areas, historical or cultural monuments in the construction zone, measures should be taken to preserve, and, if possible, improve their condition.

5.20 In swamps, felling residues can be used in the form of brushwood at the base of the embankment.

5.21 Solid felling of forest and removal of shrubs with bulldozers or brush cutters and moving them along with roots and soil to the border of the road lane is not allowed.

5.22 From the lands occupied for the road and its structures, as well as temporarily occupied for the period of road construction, the fertile soil layer is removed and used for subsequent reclamation in the places provided for by the project.

5.23 Removal is subject to fertile soil throughout the area bounded by the outer contours of the roadbed and other road structures. The thickness of the removed layer is set by the project.

5.24 When removing the soil layer, measures are taken to protect it from pollution: mixing with mineral soil, clogging, water and wind erosion.

5.25 If there is a shortage of soil for reclamation purposes, the potentially fertile soil of the upper layers of overburden is collected and stored.

To protect the stacks of soil from erosion, drainage ditches are arranged.

5.26 Soil removal is not carried out in swamps (not developed for agricultural production), in sandy deserts, on saline lands, as well as in case of ineffectiveness of its secondary use, established by land management authorities.

5.27 On the lands occupied for temporary structures or bypass sections of roads, after completion of all work, reclamation and complete restoration of the fertile layer are carried out.

5.28 Removal is subject to the fertile soil layer with physical and chemical properties that meet the requirements of GOST 17.5.1.03-86.

5.32 On reclaimed lands, the laying of the road route, the elevation of the subgrade, the placement of drainage and culverts, are linked with reclamation work.

5.33 When the route passes through populated areas, measures should be taken to prevent dust formation.

5.34 When passing the road near settlements, recreation areas, hospital complexes, it is necessary to arrange noise and dust screens, barriers and other structures.

5.35 Noise protection structures on highways are used when the permissible sound level in the territory exceeds the standard values \u200b\u200bestablished by SNiP 23-03-2003.

When working with waste, the requirements of the Federal Law of June 24, 1998 N 89-FZ and other documents regulating the work with waste are taken into account.

5.39 On roads passing through forests, as well as near the borders of water protection and sanitary zones, nature reserves and resort areas, measures are taken to prevent spontaneous exits of vehicles outside the carriageway (including parking lots).

5.43 During the construction of industrial bases, buildings and structures of the road and motor transport services, measures are developed to ensure compliance with:

Maximum permissible emissions of pollutants into the air;

Permissible discharge of pollutants into the environment;

Waste generation standards and limits for their disposal.

6. Construction of subgrade and road pavement

6.1 When leveling the surface of the subgrade, before removing and distributing material for an additional base layer, in dry weather, dedusting is carried out by pouring (distributing) dedusting substances or water using sprinklers, tanks equipped with distribution devices or special distributors of bulk materials.

6.2 When installing waterproofing layers of film materials, waterproofing layers of rolled materials, drainage and capillary-interrupting layers of nonwoven synthetic materials, it is necessary to prevent clogging of the right-of-way by the remnants of these materials.

6.3 When arranging frost-protective and drainage layers of coarse-grained material (gravel, crushed stone, sand), the wind removal of dust and small particles outside the subgrade is prevented during loading, unloading and distribution. For this purpose, when necessary, material is moistened either at the place of loading or during unloading.

6.4 Delivery of mixtures prepared in mixing plants to the work site is carried out by specialized vehicles or adapted dump trucks with tightly closing sides and covered with tarpaulins preventing weathering and spilling of the transported material.

6.5 When installing substrates and coatings made of materials reinforced with organic binders, bitumen emulsions and viscous bitumen are preferred, which cause the least pollution of the natural environment.

It is not recommended to use coke-chemical waste as a binder or additive in the construction of structural layers of road pavements, as well as their other use in road construction.

6.6 At all stages of the production of organic binders, insulation of technological lines, containers for collection and transportation of finished products is provided. In the workshops associated with the production and storage of finished products, supply and exhaust ventilation is arranged. The storage of the finished product should be carried out in specially designated places in closed containers.

6.7 When arranging surface treatment of asphalt concrete and other black coatings, less toxic bitumen emulsions - cationic BK, SK and anionic BA-1 and CA - are preferred as a binder.

6.8 When preparing asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the device of the upper layers of the coating, it is recommended to use less toxic anionic substances as additives of surfactants (surfactants).

6.9 The use of cationic substances as surfactant additives is possible in the preparation of asphalt concrete mixtures intended for the construction of bases and lower layers of pavement surfaces.

Discharge of these waters into surface water bodies without treatment is not allowed.

6.14 It is not recommended to distribute film-forming substances when the air masses move from the road towards water bodies, fields occupied by agricultural crops, garden plots, settlements, etc.

6.15 When preparing and transporting materials used for filling expansion joints, it is necessary to take measures to exclude the possibility of environmental pollution.

It is not allowed to leave vehicles and construction equipment with contaminated wheels outside the construction site.

7. Quarry work

7.1 For the placement of quarries and reserves, lands are selected that are unsuitable for agricultural use or agricultural lands of inferior quality, and from the lands of the forest fund - areas that are not covered with forests or are occupied by bushes and low-value plantations.

7.2 In the development of quarries and reserves, measures are provided to prevent the harmful effects of stripping and mining operations on the subsoil, coastal zones of fishery reservoirs, and the safety of mineral reserves.

7.3 Any activity that violates the safety of geological formations, paleontological objects and other subsoil areas of special scientific or cultural value and declared as reserves or natural or cultural monuments, as well as in areas of special value as animal habitats is not allowed.

7.4 Reduction of the area of \u200b\u200bland occupied by quarries and reserves is achieved by increasing the number and height of benches in the development of overburden.

7.5 The depth of quarries and reserves is established taking into account the forecast of changes in the hydrogeological conditions of the adjacent territories and the direction of reclamation of disturbed lands.

7.6 The parameters of the dumps (height, angle of slope) when the dumping equipment is directly located on them are taken depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the dumped rocks, the conditions of the terrain and the bearing capacity of the base soils, the type of equipment adopted for the mechanization of dumping operations and the type of reinforcement of the dump surface.

7.7 In the presence of unusable toxic rocks (humic acids of bog sediments, pyrite, ferrous oxides, sulfates, etc.), they are laid at the base of overburden dumps or in a mined-out area of \u200b\u200ba quarry and screened with a sufficient layer of inert rocks.

7.8 The method of dumping is selected from the condition of the least dust release.

7.9 Extraction of road building materials is carried out according to schemes corresponding to the least pollution of the natural environment. In dry and warm weather, to reduce dust emission, the mining sites are hydro-irrigated.

7.12 When cleaning crushed stone, gravel, sand in the warm season by a dry method, dust suppression measures are taken.

8. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures

8.1 The construction site for the construction of the bridge is selected, as a rule, outside the water protection zone. Its location is agreed in accordance with the established procedure and is drawn up by a special act.

8.2 During the operation of construction sites, it is impossible to discharge into water bodies untreated and not neutralized wastewater, in accordance with the established standards.

8.3 When carrying out winter work, it is not allowed to leave construction waste, logs, stone, etc. on the ice and flooded banks.

8.4 The degree of necessary treatment, neutralization and disinfection of wastewater, both during the construction period and for the subsequent operation of an artificial structure, is determined by the calculation and the requirements of regulatory documents for the corresponding type of water bodies.

8.6 Sediments and floating materials formed as a result of cleaning at the bottom of sedimentation tanks of treatment facilities are removed for disposal to organizations licensed to work with this type of waste.

8.7 Discharge of treated wastewater into a reservoir can be carried out only if there is a permit for discharge, which is agreed in accordance with the established procedure with environmental authorities.

8.8 Containers for waste collection will be provided at the construction site.

Littering up the site with construction waste is not allowed.

8.9 The number of temporary access roads to the construction site is minimized. In case of weak soils of floodplains, access roads are arranged on twig decks or slates. Access roads of this type are also arranged in order to preserve the thin soil cover in the forest-tundra zone.

8.10 After the termination of the operation of temporary access roads in the floodplain zones, brushwood and slates are completely disassembled and taken out of the floodplain.

8.12 Filling of temporary islands in the places where channel supports are erected is carried out with clean sand, subject to the established permissible content of suspended particles in the water.

For fencing pits during the construction of channel supports of large bridges, it is preferable to use inventory metal lintels from pontoons of the KS type;

In order to reduce the constriction of the river and reduce the turbidity of the flow when constructing sand islands and pits for supports, it is preferable to use sheet piling;

Wherever possible, temporary supports and scaffolding in the riverbed should be avoided;

8.15 Diversion, embankment or blocking of channels during the construction of a culvert on watercourses (reservoirs) used for fishery purposes is allowed only with the permission of environmental authorities.

8.16 Restriction of the watercourse during the production of works, in which the flooding of agricultural land is possible, is agreed with the owners of the flooded land.

8.18 The construction of bridges and pipes in icy areas is carried out with the preservation of the established water-thermal regime of soils, peat-moss cover and vegetation on the watercourse.

8.19 During the construction process and at its final stage, control over the implementation of the following works is ensured:

Removal from the river channel of sandy islets, which were dumped during the construction of supports, with the removal of soil to the shore;

Dismantling of temporary structures at the construction site; planning and land reclamation, with the planting of shrubs and trees throughout the construction site, including access roads;

The completeness and quality of the performance of the listed works is recorded in the object delivery certificate.

9. Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways and artificial structures

9.1 Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways and artificial structures is carried out with the maximum possible reduction of damage to the natural environment, through the use of environmentally friendly materials and technologies in the production of work, as well as the implementation of special environmental measures, in accordance with the requirements of federal laws from 10 January 2002 N 7-FZ and from December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ.

9.2 When repairing and maintaining highways and artificial structures, the following should be provided:

Preservation or improvement of the existing landscape, protection of soil, vegetation and wildlife;

Increasing the stability of the roadbed in landslide areas, creating favorable conditions for the further use of lands temporarily withdrawn for road repair work;

Protection of surface and ground waters from pollution by road dust, fuels and lubricants, dedusting, deicing and other chemicals;

Compliance with the cleanliness of household waste and other pollution in the roadside;

Maintaining the existing stormwater drainage systems and treatment facilities in working order.

9.3 It is possible to start work on a land plot only after establishing and agreeing with the local land management authorities of the boundaries of the plot and receiving a document certifying the right to use the land.

9.4 When carrying out repair work, if it is envisaged to increase the radii of curves in the plan, soften the longitudinal slopes of the road, the implementation of these measures, if possible, is carried out without disturbing the landscape, without causing soil erosion, the development of ravines, changing the drainage system in the roadside and with strict observance of the land legislation.

9.5 When repairing highways and bridges, measures are taken to preserve and prevent pollution of soils, water bodies, rivers and groundwater. All activities related to water resources (rivers, lakes, ponds, etc.) are carried out in compliance with the requirements of the Water Code of the Russian Federation of June 03, 2006 N 74-FZ. These activities include:

Preventing the bottling of fuels and lubricants and other process fluids;

Dust removal of the construction site and work sites;

Organization of a surface drainage system, ensuring the collection of runoff from the coating of the construction site;

If necessary, the device of local treatment facilities for cleaning surface runoff before discharging it into the reservoir from the construction site;

Arrangement of special areas (snow dump sites) for temporary storage of snow and ice removed from the carriageway of roads and bridges.

9.6 To reduce the amount of various anti-icing materials used in the fight against winter slipperiness on bridge crossings, it is advisable to arrange the top layer of the coating with anti-icing properties, for example, with the anti-adhesive additive "Grikol".

9.7 When carrying out repair work in settlements near residential buildings at night from 11 pm to 7 am, the requirements established by SNiP 23-03-2003 should be observed and ensured in the territories immediately adjacent to residential buildings, polyclinic buildings, rest homes, etc. etc. the maximum permissible levels of equivalent sound.

9.8 To reduce the gas contamination of the territories of settlements adjacent to the existing highways, measures are taken to ensure the ventilation of the roads, the uniform movement of vehicles, and the installation of protective screens.

9.9 To protect the surrounding area, surface and ground waters from pollution by dust, household waste, fuel and lubricants and other materials, it is necessary:

Strengthening the shoulders with asphalt concrete or crushed stone;

Carrying out works to remove dirt, debris and dust removal after cold milling of layers of asphalt concrete pavement;

Construction of a sufficient number of parking lots and recreation areas, placing increased demands on their sanitary and hygienic arrangement and equipment.

It is not allowed to arrange parking areas within the water protection zone.

9.10 It is necessary to use road transport and road equipment only in a technically sound condition and free from leaks and undermining of fuels and lubricants.

9.11 It is necessary to exclude spillage, dusting and spilling of transported liquid and loose road building materials.

9.13 When combating winter slipperiness on roads and streets, preference should be given to the preventive method (to prevent the formation of slipperiness), especially when working in early spring, since in this case the consumption rate of anti-icing materials is much lower.

9.14 To reduce the negative impact on the soil and roadside vegetation of anti-icing and dedusting chemicals, the working bodies of special distribution machines are carefully regulated, ensuring protection against the ingress of chemicals outside the roadway, and their distribution rates are strictly controlled. Dusting of roads with salts in a finely dispersed state (powder) must not be carried out in settlements.

9.15 On reinforced concrete and metal bridges it is not recommended to use deicing materials containing chlorides to combat winter slipperiness. The resulting snow-ice deposits are transported outside the bridge crossing to specially designated areas - snow dumps.

All treatment facilities must have permits for environmental documentation, agreed in accordance with the established procedure with environmental authorities.

9.17 When the first signs of soil salinity appear near highways, plastering, liming, leaching or other measures are carried out.

9.23 Commercial timber and clearance residues, including uprooted stumps, are completely removed to designated locations. Leaving cleaning waste within the right-of-way is not permitted.

9.25 Trees of valuable species should be transplanted in accordance with established dendrological rules.

10. Carrying out reclamation works

10.1 Reclamation works on lands disturbed or subject to disturbance by open pit mines should be carried out according to a special project drawn up on the basis of the study and analysis of data characterizing the natural physical and geological conditions of the area, economic, socio-economic and sanitary-hygienic conditions of the area, management technology restoration works, economic feasibility and social effect of reclamation, agreed with the state supervision authorities.

10.2 The production of reclamation works is technologically linked to the structure of the complex mechanization of the main mining operations, the service life and stages of the development of the open pit.

10.3 The direction of recultivation of disturbed lands is determined in accordance with GOST 17.5.1.01-83. When justifying the direction of reclamation in each specific case, it is necessary to take into account the relief, geological and hydrogeological conditions, the composition and properties of rocks and soils of adjacent territories, weather and climatic conditions, vegetation composition, economic and geographical, economic, socio-economic and sanitary and hygienic conditions.

10.4 In the agricultural direction of reclamation of disturbed lands, the following requirements are imposed on the reclaimed territories:

The slope of the reclaimed land should not exceed 10%;

The thickness of the fertile soil layer on the reclaimed land must not be less than the thickness of the fertile soil layer on the adjacent agricultural land;

The unevenness of the planned land should not exceed 5 cm at a distance of 4 m.

10.7 To create reservoirs, it is required to carry out measures, including planning work, increasing stability, improving the coastal slopes and the adjacent territory, and taking measures to exclude stagnant water.

10.9 The type of subsequent development of disturbed lands determines the nature of the planning works (continuous, terraced, partial planning). Continuous leveling of the surface is made for the agricultural direction of reclamation: terraced and partial - for forestry, water management, fisheries and other areas of reclamation.

10.10 Work on reclamation of disturbed lands is carried out in two stages: technical and biological stages.

Removal of surface water and drainage of areas, cleaning the surface from foreign objects;

Removal of the vegetation (soil) layer, transportation and stacking it in stacks for storage;

Development of underlying rocks and rocks suitable for the purposes of reclamation (in the development of deposits), transportation and stacking them;

Layout of waste areas and formation of slopes;

Distribution of previously removed vegetation onto the graded surface.

10.12 At the biological stage of land reclamation, a complex of agrotechnical and phytomeliorative measures is carried out aimed at the restoration of flora and fauna.

10.13 The forestry direction of biological reclamation is carried out with the aim of creating forest plantations with anti-erosion or air protection purposes.

10.18 Reclamation of the roadside lateral reserves is advisable to carry out in the general flow of the roadbed construction.

10.20 The slopes of the graded slopes must comply with the conditions of the chosen direction of reclamation and anti-erosion conditions. When flattening is difficult or impossible, the slope is terraced. The number of terraces is determined by the overall stability of the slope and the working conditions. The transverse slope of the terraces should be 1.5-2 ° towards the slope.

10.21 Reducing the pollution of the natural environment with dust during loading and unloading operations carried out during the development and reclamation of open pits and reserves is carried out by reducing the number of transshipments, dusty materials, reducing the height of loading and unloading, the use of hydro-irrigation and other measures.

10.22 When performing stripping and reclamation works on access and open pit roads, the roads are dedusted.

10.23 In case of joint occurrence of various overburden rocks, their selective development and selective dumping are carried out. First of all, this applies to the fertile soil layer.

10.24 The fertile soil layer is removed in a thawed state during a warm and dry period.

10.25 For storage of overburden, unsuitable for road construction, it is advisable to use the mined-out area of \u200b\u200bthe open pit or place it outside the open pit.

The environment includes the natural environment - nature, as well as all technical objects created by man (artificial environment).

Natural objects - land (soil, subsoil), water bodies (seas, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, underground waters, springs), air basin, vegetation (trees, shrubs, grasses, algae), fauna, man.

Man-made objects - buildings, roads, bridges, tunnels, cities, villages, dams, as well as underground communications: pipelines, tunnels, cables, etc.

Activities for environmental protection in construction:

open fire at the construction site is prohibited;
when carrying out earthworks, the upper vegetation layer (soil) is carefully cut off, stored in dumps and then used for land reclamation, as well as for parks and squares in cities;

to cut any trees (if necessary), you need to obtain a numbered permit from the Zelenstroy service
it is forbidden to arrange unauthorized dumps of construction waste;

it is forbidden to unauthorizedly lay (roll) roads outside the object;
it is forbidden to pour into the sewer waste fuels and lubricants, paints and varnishes, as well as water after washing concrete and mortar containers. It is also forbidden to pour them into ravines, streams, rivers and lakes;
when organizing a construction site, it is necessary to ensure a normal drainage from the territory and a culvert from neighboring areas (to exclude the formation of mini-lakes or roaring streams of water).

Measures to protect the built environment in construction:

it is forbidden to drive piles by impact method (driving) near existing buildings and structures, because deformations and even destruction of individual structures are possible;
the installation of pits and trenches near buildings is allowed on a separate project, with measures to ensure the stability of existing buildings;
when performing any excavation work, a permit from the local administration is required (“overburden” permit) issued to a personal contractor (foreman, foreman). This increases their responsibility for possible damage (through negligence or negligence) of underground communications (pipes, cables, etc.);
in residential areas at night it is prohibited:

To carry out the immersion of piles by shock method;
- do noisy work: compacting the pound by ramming, working with a jackhammer, working with an electric gun;

Electric welding works outside the building under construction;

it is necessary to organize dust suppression at the construction site (regular watering of roads, driveways, sites);
dusty cargo (sand, crushed stone, ASG, soil) during transportation in dump trucks should be covered with a canopy;
during construction within the city, temporary roads on the site must have a hard surface (concrete, asphalt, crushed stone). This will exclude the removal of dirt by the wheels of a car on city highways;
tracked vehicles (tractors, excavators, cranes) are allowed to be mixed along city highways only on special heavy-duty platforms (trailers).

Methodical guidelines for environmental protection. Environmental protection in construction. the use of acoustic screens

"GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DURING THE CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY ..."

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND

FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY

1 DEVELOPED BY FGUP "ROSDORNII"

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

1 area of \u200b\u200buse

2. Normative references

3. Terms and definitions

4. General requirements for environmental protection when performing construction and repair work on highways and bridge structures

5. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of highways

6. Construction of subgrade and road pavement

7. Quarry work

8. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures

9. Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways and artificial structures

10. Carrying out reclamation works

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Methodical guidelines for environmental protection. Environmental protection in construction. the use of acoustic screens

"GUIDELINES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DURING THE CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF ROADS FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY ..."

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

ENVIRONMENTAL DURING CONSTRUCTION, REPAIR AND

FEDERAL ROAD AGENCY

1 DEVELOPED BY FGUP "ROSDORNII"

INDUSTRY ROAD METHODOLOGY DOCUMENT

1 area of \u200b\u200buse

2. Normative references

3. Terms and definitions

4. General requirements for environmental protection when performing construction and repair work on highways and bridge structures

5. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of highways

6. Construction of subgrade and road pavement

7. Quarry work

8. Environmental protection during the construction and reconstruction of artificial structures

9. Environmental protection during the repair and maintenance of highways and artificial structures

10. Carrying out reclamation works

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