A poem (Greek, poiema - creation) is a large multi-part poetic work with a plot-narrative organization, a lyrical-epic genre. The main genre properties of the poem are the breadth of the narrative, the presence of a detailed plot and the deep development of the image of the lyrical hero.

The origins of this genre are in ancient and medieval epics. Characteristic properties of ancient epic poems: breadth of coverage of reality, the focus of the author is the most important socio-historical event, setting on the popular worldview, the presence of a large number of characters, the image of bright, versatile characters, the presence of unity of action that connects all compositional elements, the slowness of the narrative and a multilateral display of life, motivation of ongoing events by objective causes and circumstances (regardless of the will of the character), self-withdrawal of the author, high style, smoothness and solemnity of the narration.

During the Middle Ages there are religious poems. The most famous monument of this period is Dante's Divine Comedy. The starting point in the poems of this period are the postulates of Christian morality. The characteristic features of Dante's poem are didacticism, allegorical character.

In addition to religious ones, chivalric poems are also created (“Frantic Roland” by Ariosto). Their themes are chivalrous and love adventures. In the XVII-XVIII centuries. heroic poems appear (“Paradise Lost”, “Paradise Regained” by Milton, “Henriad” by Voltaire).

The heyday of the genre is associated with the era of romanticism ("Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" by J. Byron, the southern poems of A.S. Pushkin, "The Demon" by M.Yu. Lermontov). Characteristic properties of a romantic poem: in the center of the image is a single person, with her moral principles and philosophical views of the world, the author’s assertion of personal freedom, the theme is private life events (love), the growing role of the lyrical and dramatic element.

The realistic poem already combines moralistic and heroic moments (N.A. Nekrasov "Frost, Red Nose", "Who should live well in Russia"). Thus, we can distinguish the following types of poem: religious, chivalrous, heroic, didactic, philosophical, historical, psychological, satirical, burlesque, a poem with a romantic plot. In addition, there are lyrical-dramatic poems where the epic principle prevails, while the lyrical principle appears through a system of images (“Pugachev” by S.A. Yesenin, “Rembrandt” by D. Kedrin).

In the XX century. historical poems were created (“Tobolsk chronicler” by L. Martynov), heroic (“Good!” by V.V. Mayakovsky, “Vasily Terkin” by A.T. Tvardovsky), lyric-psychological (“Anna Snegina” by S.A. Yesenin) , philosophical (N. Zabolotsky "The Mad Wolf", "Trees", "The Triumph of Agriculture").

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A poem (Greek póiēma, from poieo - I do, I create) is a large poetic work with a narrative or lyrical plot. The poem is also called the ancient and medieval epic ("Mahabharata", "Ramayana", "Iliad", "Odyssey"). Many of its genre varieties are known: heroic, didactic, satirical, burlesque, romantic, lyric-dramatic. The poem is also called works on a world-historical theme (Virgil's Aeneid, Dante's Divine Comedy, L. di Camões' Lusiades, T. Tasso's Jerusalem Liberated, J. Milton's Paradise Lost, Voltaire's Henriad). , “Messiad” by F. G. Klopshtok, “Rossiyada” by M. M. Kheraskov, etc.). In the past, poems with a romantic plot (The Knight in the Panther's Skin by S. Rustaveli, Shahnameh by Ferdowsi, and Furious Roland by L. Aristo) were widely used in the past.

In the era of romanticism, the poems acquire a socio-philosophical and symbolic-philosophical character ("Childe Harold's Pilgrimage" by J. Byron, "The Bronze Horseman" by A. S. Pushkin, "Dzyady" by A. Mickiewicz, "The Demon" by M. Yu. Lermontov, " Germany, winter fairy tale "G. Heine). A romantic poem is characterized by the image of a hero with an unusual fate, but certainly reflecting some facets of the author's spiritual world. In the second half of the 19th century, despite the decline of the genre, some outstanding works appeared, for example, G. Longfellow's "Song of Hiawatha" translated by I. A. Bunin. The work is based on the legends of the Indian tribes about the semi-legendary leader, the wise and beloved Hiawatha. He lived in the 15th century, before the first settlers appeared on American lands.

The poem is about how

Hiawatha labored,
to make his people happy
so that he goes to goodness and truth ...
"Your strength is only in consent,
and impotence in discord.
Reconcile, O children!
Be brothers to one another."

The poem is a complex genre, often difficult to perceive. To be convinced of this, it is enough to read a few pages of Homer's Iliad, Dante's Divine Comedy or J. V. Goethe's Faust, try to answer the question about the essence of A. S. Pushkin's The Bronze Horseman or A. A. Blok.

The poem requires knowledge of the historical context, makes you think about the meaning of human life, about the meaning of history. Without this, it is impossible to comprehend in its entirety such well-known poems from the school bench as “Frost, Red Nose”, “Who Lives Well in Russia” by N. A. Nekrasov, “Vasily Terkin” by A. T. Tvardovsky and others.

What makes it possible to consider as poems many dissimilar works, sometimes having author's subtitles that do not correspond to this definition. So, “Faust” by I.V. Goethe is a tragedy, “The Bronze Horseman” by A.S. Pushkin is a Petersburg story, and “Vasily Terkin” by A.T. Tvardovsky is a book about a fighter. They are united by the breadth of coverage of the phenomena of reality, the significance of these phenomena and the magnitude of the problems. The developed narrative plan is combined in the poem with deep lyricism. A particularly complete interpenetration of the lyrical and epic principles is characteristic of the poem of the Soviet period (“Vladimir Ilyich Lenin” by V. V. Mayakovsky, “Vasily Terkin” by A. T. Tvardovsky, etc.).

Intimate experiences in the poem are correlated with great historical upheavals, private events are elevated to a cosmic scale. For example, in The Bronze Horseman, the space of a particular city - St. Petersburg is transformed into an endless, boundless space of the global flood, the "last cataclysm":

Siege! attack! evil waves,
Like thieves climbing through the windows. Chelny
With a running start, glass is smashed astern.
Trays under a wet veil,
Fragments of huts, logs, roofs,
Product of thrifty trade.
Relics of pale poverty,
Storm-blown bridges
A coffin from a blurry cemetery
Float through the streets!
People
Sees God's wrath and awaits execution.

The time and space of the poem are vast and boundless.

In the Divine Comedy, first through the circles of Hell, and then through Purgatory, the author of the poem is accompanied by the great Roman poet Virgil, who lived thirteen centuries earlier than Dante. And this does not prevent Dante and his guide from communicating in the same time and space of the Divine Comedy, from making contact with sinners and the righteous of all times and peoples. The concrete, real time of Dante himself coexists in the poem with a completely different type of time and space of the grandiose underworld.

The problems of the most general, eternal are touched upon in each poem: death and immortality, finite and eternal, their meeting and collision is the seed from which the poem arises.

The chapter "Death and the Warrior" is central in the poem "Vasily Terkin" by A. T. Tvardovsky. It is, as it were, a poem within a poem, just like the scene of the "collision" between Eugene and the monument to Peter I in Pushkin's The Bronze Horseman. The author of the poem looks at the world from a special point of view, which allows him, a person of a particular era, to look at the events of his time in such a way as to see in them something that can help highlight the essence of the era and artistically formulate this essence: Eugene and the galloping monument to Peter I, Vasily Terkin and Death.

Thus, unlike stories in verse, novels in verse, numerous imitation poems, and preliminary and laboratory poems (for example, Lermontov's early poems), a poem is always an artistic understanding of modernity in the context of ongoing time.

Multi-plot, often multi-heroic, compositional complexity, semantic richness of both the whole and individual episodes, symbolism, originality of language and rhythm, versatility - all this makes reading the poem as difficult as it is fascinating.

The poem originated in antiquity. This is how the genre of Homer's works was defined (VIII-VII centuries BC). Virgil (70-19 BC) and others. The poem approached its modern form in the first half of the 19th century.

A poem is a lyrical-epic poetic work, which depicts significant events and vivid characters, and the author's reflections accompany the story about the heroes. It has several genre varieties: heroic, historical, satirical, lyrical, dramatic, didactic, etc.

Despite the wide variety of poems composed by different authors in different eras, they also have common features. Such works are always based on a narrative (story) about an event (one or more). For example, in “The Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich...” by M. Lermontov there is the line of Kiribeevich, the tsarist guardsman, and the line of the merchant Kalashnikov, which intersect first in absentia, and then explicitly in the fistfight scene.

In the lyrical-epic poem, the lyrical hero plays an important role, who is the spokesman for the author's thoughts and feelings. The lyrical hero looks at events and heroes as if from the outside, often empathizing with them. So, in M. Lermontov's poem "The Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilievich ..." this function is performed by the guslars. They express (sometimes openly, and sometimes veiled) the people's view of both events and heroes. For example, at the end of the poem one can clearly hear their sympathy for Kalashnikov and pride in him.

In the center of the story, there is usually a hero or several heroes. In the "Song ..." this is Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich, and Kiribeevich, and Kalashnikov, and Alena Dmitrevna ... Most often, their images are revealed in monologues or dialogues. This allows the author to avoid detailed descriptions, to be more concise, clearer and, at the same time, saturate the narrative with emotions.

In the poem, each episode of the life of the hero or story has a certain meaning. And together they make up the content of the poem as a whole. There are three parts in Lermontov's "Song ...". In the first, the main figures are the tsar and his guardsmen. The second part reveals the way of life of a merchant family. The third deals with the punishment for breaking Christian laws and the role of the king. But in general, the poem tells about the national character in an era of historical upheaval.

The poem as a genre is characterized by attention to deep historical, moral and social problems. If we turn to the "Song ...", we will see its semantic capacity. Lermontov raises such problems in it: Christian law and its place in private and public life, personal honor, continuity in preserving family honor, relations between power and people, the fate of an individual in an era of historical upheaval.

The main features of the poem as a genre of literature:

• lyrical-epic genre;
• great piece of poetry
• genre varieties (heroic, historical, etc.);
• thematic variety;
• the presence of a narrative part (plot);
• lyrical hero expressing attitude to the story;
• the image, usually among several heroes of the main one;
• depiction of universal human problems against a historical background.

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The meaning of the word poem

poem in the crossword dictionary

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. D.N. Ushakov

poem

(based on), poems, f. (Greek poiema - creation).

Narrative fiction in verse (lit.). An epic poem (depicting some major events in the life of mankind, a people or a large social group). Lyric poem (alternating narration with lyrical digressions). I read, forgetting meanwhile, excerpts from northern poems. Pushkin.

The name of some literary works, large in size or ideological content, in verse or prose (lit.). Gogol's poem "Dead Souls". Petersburg poem by Dostoevsky "Double". The novel "War and Peace" is a heroic poem about the twelfth year.

trans. About something. extraordinary, striking in its beauty, grandeur, virtues (colloquial jest. obsolete). The view of the Caucasus Range at sunrise is a whole poem!

The name of some musical works (music). "The Poem of Ecstasy" by Scriabin. Symphonic Poems of Liszt.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova.

poem

A large poetic work on a historical heroic or sublime lyrical theme. The Epic Poems of Homer, and. Pushkin "Gypsies".

trans. About something. sublime, beautiful. P. love. P. spring.

adj. poetic, -th, -th (to 1 meaning).

New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language, T. F. Efremova.

poem

1. Narrative fiction in verse.

   The name of large works in verse or prose, distinguished by the depth of content and a wide coverage of events.

A piece of music for an orchestra (or an orchestra and a choir) or a separate instrument, which has a poetic-figurative content.

trans. Something that amazes with its beauty, grandeur, virtues.

Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1998

poem

POEM (Greek poiema)

poetic genre of large volume, mainly lyrical epic. In antiquity and the Middle Ages, a monumental heroic epic (epopee) - "Iliad", "Odyssey", "Song of Roland" is called a poem, which genetically indicates the epic nature of the genre of the poem and explains a number of its "hereditary" features (historical and heroic content, legendary, pathetic). Since the time of romanticism, a specifically "poetic" event has been the very collision of the lyrical and epic principles as the fate and position of the individual with extrapersonal (historical, social or cosmic) forces ("The Bronze Horseman" by A. S. Pushkin). In the modern poem, the epic demand for "visible" eventfulness is consistent with openly expressed lyrical pathos; the author is a participant or an inspired commentator of the event (V. V. Mayakovsky, A. T. Tvardovsky). In the 20th century a plotless-lyrical poem is also approved ("A Poem without a Hero" by A. A. Akhmatova).

In music - a small lyrical piece of free structure, a large one-movement symphonic work, usually a program (symphonic poem), sometimes a choral or vocal-instrumental composition.

Poem

(Greek póiema), a large piece of poetry with a narrative or lyrical plot. P. is also called the ancient and medieval epic (see also Epic), nameless and authorial, which was composed either through the cyclization of lyric-epic songs and legends (the point of view of A. N. Veselovsky), or by “swelling” (A. Heusler) one or more folk tales, or with the help of complex modifications of ancient plots in the process of the historical existence of folklore (A. Lord, M. Parry). P. developed from an epic depicting an event of national historical significance (the Iliad, the Mahabharata, the Song of Roland, and others). There are many genre varieties of P.: heroic, didactic, satirical, burlesque, including heroic-comic, P. with a romantic plot, lyrical-dramatic. For a long time the leading branch of the genre was P. on a national-historical or world-historical (religious) theme (Virgil's Aeneid, Dante's Divine Comedy, L. di Camões' Lusiades, T. Tasso's paradise” by J. Milton, “Henriad” by Voltaire, “Messiad” by F. G. Klopstock, “Rossiada” by M. N. Kheraskov, etc.). At the same time, a highly influential branch in the history of the genre was P. with romantic features of the plot (“The Knight in a Leopard’s Skin” by Shota Rustaveli, “Shahnameh” by Ferdowsi, to a certain extent, “Furious Roland” by L. Ariosto), connected to one degree or another with the tradition medieval, mostly chivalric, novel. Gradually, personal, moral and philosophical problems come to the fore in poetry, lyrical and dramatic elements are intensified, folklore tradition is discovered and mastered - features already characteristic of pre-romantic poetry (Faust by J. W. Goethe, poems by J. Macpherson, W. Scott). The heyday of the genre occurs in the era of romanticism, when the greatest poets of various countries turn to the creation of P.

The “peak” in the evolution of the genre of romantic poetry acquire a socio-philosophical or symbolic-philosophical character (“Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage” by J. Byron, “The Bronze Horseman” by A. S. Pushkin, “Dzyady” by A. Mickiewicz, “The Demon” by M (Yu. Lermontova, "Germany, a winter fairy tale" by G. Heine).

In the 2nd half of the 19th century. the decline of the genre is obvious, which does not exclude the appearance of individual outstanding works (“The Song of Hiawatha” by G. Longfellow). In the poems of N. A. Nekrasov (“Red Nose Frost,” “Who Lives Well in Russia”), genre tendencies are manifested that are characteristic of the development of P. in realistic literature (a synthesis of moralistic and heroic principles).

In P. 20th century. the most intimate experiences correlate with great historical upheavals, they are imbued with them as if from the inside (“Cloud in Pants” by V. V. Mayakovsky, “The Twelve” by A. A. Blok, “First Date” by A. Bely).

In the owls There are various genre varieties of poetry in poetry: those reviving the heroic principle (“Vladimir Ilyich Lenin” and “Good!” Mayakovsky, “The Nine Hundred and Fifth Year” by B. L. Pasternak, and “Vasily Terkin” by A. T. Tvardovsky); P. lyric-psychological (“About this” by Mayakovsky, “Anna Onegin” by S. A. Yesenin), philosophical (N. A. Zabolotsky, E. Mezhelaitis), historical (“Tobolsk chronicler” L. Martynov) or combining moral and socio-historical issues (“Middle of the Century” by V. Lugovsky).

P. as a synthetic, lyrical epic and monumental genre that allows you to combine the epic of the heart and "music", the "element" of world upheavals, innermost feelings and historical concept, remains a productive genre of world poetry: "The Repair of the Wall" and "Into the Storm" by R. Frost, "Landmarks" by Saint-John Perse, "Hollow People" by T. Eliot, "Universal Song" by P. Neruda, "Niobe" by K. I. Galchinsky, "Continuous Poetry" by P. Eluard, "Zoya" by Nazim Hikmet.

Lit .: Hegel, Aesthetics, vol. 3, M., 1971: Veselovsky A. N., Historical poetics, L., 1940; Zhirmunsky V. M., Byron and Pushkin, L., 1924; Golenishchev-Kutuzov I. N., Dante's work and world culture, M., 1971; Sokolov A.N., Essays on the history of the Russian poem 18 and the first half. 19th centuries, M., 1956; Theory of Literature..., [book. 2], M., 1964; Bowra S., Heroic poetry, L., 1952.

E. M. Pulkhritudova.

Wikipedia

Poem (disambiguation)

Poem:

• A poem is a large piece of poetry with a narrative or lyrical plot.
• The poem is an instrumental piece of a lyric-dramatic nature.

Poem

Poem- Literary genre.

A large or medium-sized multi-part poetic work of a lyrical-epic nature, belonging to a certain author, a large poetic narrative form. Can be heroic, romantic, critical, satirical, etc.

Throughout the history of literature, the genre of the poem has undergone various changes and therefore lacks stability. So, "Iliad" by Homer is an epic work, and Akhmatov's "Poem without a Hero" is exclusively lyrical. There is also no minimum volume (for example, Pushkin's poem "The Robber Brothers" with a volume of 5 pages).

Sometimes prose works can be called a poem (for example, "Dead Souls" by N.V. Gogol, "Moscow - Petushki" by V.V. Erofeev, "Pedagogical Poem" by A.S. Makarenko).

Poem (music)

Nikolaevich Skryabin The prototype of the poem was a symphonic poem, first written by Franz Liszt in 1848. Poems often have program titles and definitions. The most popular poems by Alexander Scriabin: "To the Flame", "Prometheus", "Satanic Poem", Poem of Ecstasy, etc.

A poem is also commonly referred to as large one-movement orchestral program works. The poem in this definition has been used by some composers in place of the symphonic poem. An example of such a work is the poems of Richard Strauss. In the 20th century, some vocal compositions began to be called a poem, for example, "10 poems for the choir" (1951) by Dmitry Shostakovich, "A poem in memory of Sergei Yesenin" (1956) by Georgy Sviridov, etc.

Examples of the use of the word poem in literature.

At the last moment, Abramov managed to shove poem into a bag, but they still discussed for a long time whether Beluga would be smart enough to decipher the acrostic and figure out Emelya.

Tao, Kundalini - concepts of Eastern mysticism Agramant - character poems L.

unknown poem Nizami caused a sensation among specialists and simply lovers of poetry, as she revealed to humanity new facets of the talent of the great Azerbaijani poet.

Cousin of Aquitaine, by his own admission, can’t really dazzle two lines, not to mention epic poems.

This akyn gave an oak tree in his yurt with a drink, that is, he died, died, but by the time the bitter news reached Moscow, my familiar translator had been scribbling more and more legends for the deceased for five years, and poems, and the newspapers praised the akyn, not knowing that his shaitan had taken him.

I give the correct meaning of the word here because many people believe that Alastor is the name of a hero. poems.

Alcuin also tells about his time, the last part poems in historical terms, is especially valuable: from here we learn a lot of interesting things about the teachers of Alcuin, about the state of the York school, about its library, about teaching methods, etc.

However, at the same time, they threw out a very important comma from the text, because of which the allusion that determines the meaning disappears. poems.

Numerous allusions show that the author of this additional epilogue poem describes the Rutland Belvoir castle and mourns the absence of its mistress, Elizabeth Sidney-Rutland, who wrote the addresses placed earlier to the Queen and the most noble ladies - her friends, and herself. poem about the Passion of Christ, which gave the title to the book.

In the courtyard, he saw Ansari himself, a bent old man busy writing poems.

According to this poem at the beginning of everything, Chaos reigned, a single abyss of water in which three cosmic monsters entwined: Apsu, Tiamat and their son Mummu.

Seryozha once visited him and brought about him poem, of which I remember only one verse: Since in different parts there is not one language, But it is changeable and diverse, - Having left the pharmacy store here, He opened a pharmacy store there.

Malory as the most complete example of the writings of the Arthurian circle, giving her preference over earlier Welsh poems and legends.

It is also authentically known that the archdeacon burned with a special passion for the symbolic portal of the Cathedral of Our Lady, for this page of black-book wisdom set forth in stone inscriptions and inscribed by the hand of Bishop Guillaume of Paris, who undoubtedly ruined his soul, daring to attach to this eternal building, to this divine poem blasphemous title.

What is a poem? This is a work that is located at the junction of two literary "worlds" - poetry and prose. Like prose, the poem has a narrative logic, a real story with a denouement and an epilogue. And as poetry, it conveys the depth of the subjective experiences of the hero. Many of the classics that everyone took in school were written in this genre.

Recall the poem "Dead Souls" by the Ukrainian classic - N.V. Gogol. Here, a wonderful large-scale idea echoes the ability to find depth in a person.

Let us recall the poetry of the genius A. Pushkin - "Ruslan and Lyudmila". But besides them, there are many more interesting works.

History of the development of the genre

The poem grew out of the very first folklore songs, through which each nation passed on historical events and myths to its children. This is the well-known "Iliad" and "Odyssey", and "The Song of Roland" - a French epic. In Russian culture, the progenitor of all poems was the historical song - "The Tale of Igor's Campaign".

Then the poem stood out from such syncretic art, people began to supplement these epics, introduce new heroes. Over time, new ideas and new stories appeared. New authors came up with their own stories. Then new types appeared: the burlesque poem, the heroic-comics; the life and affirmation of the people ceased to be the main theme of the works.

So the genre developed, became deeper and more complex. The elements of the composition gradually formed. And now this direction in art is already a whole science.

Structure of a work of art

What do we know about the poem? The key feature is that the work has a clear interconnected structure.

All parts are interconnected, the hero somehow develops, passes tests. His thoughts, as well as feelings, are the focus of the narrator. And all the events around the hero, his speech - everything is conveyed by a certain poetic meter and chosen rhythm.

The elements of any work, including a poem, include dedications, epigraphs, chapters, epilogues. Speech, as well as in a story or short story, is represented by dialogues, monologues and the author's speech.

Poem. Genre features

This genre of literature has been around for a long time. What is a poem? In translation - "create", "create". By genre - a lyrical large-scale poetic work that not only gives the reader a pleasant impression of beautiful lines, but also has a purpose and structure.

The creation of any work begins with a theme. So, the poem very well reveals both the theme and the character of the protagonist. And also the work has its own elements, a special author's style and the main idea.

The elements of the poem are:

• topic;
• the form;
• structure;
• and rhythm.

Indeed, since this is a poetic genre, there must be a rhythm here; but as in a story, the plot must be respected. By choosing a topic, the poet indicates what the work is about. We will consider the poem "To whom it is good in Russia" and Gogol's famous story about Chichikov and his adventures. They both share a common theme.

The poem "Who is living well in Russia?" N. Nekrasova

The writer began his work in 1863. Two years after the abolition of serfdom, and continued to work for 14 years. But he never finished his main work.

The focus is on the road, symbolizing the choice of direction in life that everyone chooses in their lives.

N. Nekrasov sought to convey authentically both the problems of the people and the best features of a simple peasant. According to the plot, the dispute that began between ordinary workers dragged on, and seven heroes went to look for at least one of those who really lived better at that time.

The poet vividly depicted both fairs and haymaking - all these mass paintings serve as a vivid confirmation of the main idea that he wanted to convey:

The people are liberated, but are the people happy?

Characters in the main work of N. Nekrasov

Here is the basis of the plot of the poem "To whom it is good to live ..." - representatives of the people, peasant peasants, go along the Russian roads, and explore the problems of the same ordinary people.

The poet created many interesting characters, each of which is valuable as a unique literary image, and speaks on behalf of the peasants of the 19th century. This is Grigory Dobrosklonov, and Matryona Timofeevna, whom Nekrasov described with obvious gratitude to Russian women, and

Dobrosklonov is the main character who wants to act as a folk teacher and educator. Yermila, on the other hand, is a different image, he protects the peasants in his own way, going completely to his side.

Nikolai Gogol, "Dead Souls"

The theme of this poem echoes Nekrasov's theme. The road is also important here. The hero in the story is looking not only for money, but also for his own path.

The protagonist of the work is Chichikov. He comes to a small town with his grand plans: to earn a whole million. The hero meets with the landowners, learns their life. And the author, who leads the story, ridicules the stupid thoughts and absurd vices of the elite of that time.

Nikolai Gogol managed to convey well the social reality, the failure of the landowners as a class. And he also perfectly describes the portraits of the heroes, reflecting their personal qualities.

Foreign classical works

The most famous poems written in the dark times of Medieval Europe are Alighieri's Divine Comedy and Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. Through the stories described by the talented poet Geoffrey Chaucer, we can learn about English history, how different sections of society lived in this country.

After all, what is a poem - it is an epic that tells about bygone times and includes a large number of characters. D. Chaucer did an excellent job with this task. But, of course, this is an epic that is not intended for schoolchildren.

Modern views on the poem

So, it is clear that initially these were only epic works. And now? What is a poem? These are modern plot constructions, interesting images and a non-trivial approach to reality. they can place the hero in a fictional world, convey his personal suffering; describe incredibly interesting adventurous adventures.

At the disposal of the modern author of poems is a great experience of previous generations and modern ideas, and a variety of techniques with which the plot is combined into a single whole. But in many cases the rhythm of the verse goes to the background, and even to the third plan, as an optional element.

Output

Now let's clearly define what a poem is. This is almost always a lyrical-epic voluminous work in verse. But there is also an ironically constructed story, where the author ridicules the vices of a separate class, for example.