How to buy the exam delivery service. Investigation "KP": The results of the exam were faked by the whole city Is it possible to falsify the results of the exam
Tuesday in Russia. More than 900 thousand graduates will take exams. The Federal Testing Center, subordinate to Rosobrnadzor, is responsible for the technology of the USE, the processing and analysis of information. It is here from all over the country. Our observer managed to get into this "semi-secret" organization, who talked with the deputy director of FCT Oksana Reshetnikova.
question: So, on May 26, 2009 graduates, accompanied by authorized representatives from their schools, will come to the examinations to take computer science and biology. By presenting a passport, everyone will receive an individual set of examination materials. What's inside?
%% VYNOS1 %% reply: There is a control measuring material for the subject and three forms. The registration form displays the last name, first name, patronymic and passport data. Form No. 1 is used to record short answers to the tasks of parts A and B - where you need to choose one of the options. And on form No. 2, the answers to the tasks of part C are recorded - the same ones that are written in free form. This form is two-sided, but if this space is not enough (say, a person signed, because there is something to say on this topic), he may be given an additional form.
Anonymity guaranteed
in: How to use technology to analyze in the shortest possible time what was submitted in paper form?
about: Our letterheads are not simple, but machine-readable. After the exam, they are scanned, and all information displayed on them takes an electronic form. This significantly reduces the processing time of the results.
answer: In general, it should be noted that in comparison with previous years, when the Unified State Exam was passed as an experiment, the technology has been significantly modernized and supported by software. For the participants themselves, it may be unnoticeable, for the organizers on the ground - too. Probably, even at the level of regional information processing centers, the difference compared to what was before is not so noticeable. But here, at the federal level, we have seriously strengthened and secured the entire process. Now it is reliably protected and represents a monolithic, efficiently working automated system. The technology practically eliminates not only the leakage of examination materials, but also the possibility of falsifying the results of the exam.
question: In Tatarstan, a couple of years ago, as a result of a conspiracy between officials of the local Ministry of Education and employees of the regional information processing center, it was possible to seize the forms of several students and replace them with new ones, rewritten. Is this possible today?
about: I'm sure not. Since then, the technology of the USE has made significant progress in terms of ensuring information security. Today, each examination material with which a graduate works has its own special barcode. At the same time, they are combined with each other, forming the very individual set. This immediately rejects the possibility of replacing materials: a form with a "foreign" barcode will not match the rest of the forms in the set and therefore cannot be processed. In addition, it allows you to separate the details of the graduate from his answers, which is very important. The components of each set are processed in different places and re-assembled only at the federal level - already here, in our center.
in: That is, the answers to the test questions are now analyzed without reference to the personality of a particular examinee?
about: Yes, that's the whole point. Data from Forms No. 1 is usually the first to come to us from the regions: this requires minimal work, including verification. Registration forms appear second. And, finally, information about the results of evaluating the answers to part C by experts comes last. All this is programmatically connected in accordance with the barcodes, and only then it becomes clear to which specific person this individual set belongs.
Unlike in previous years, we now work with the subjects of the federation in a single distributed database. Therefore, we will always notice any attempts to interfere with the system. We will immediately inform Rosobrnadzor about all such cases, and the most radical measures will be taken against those who try to do this, including criminal ones.
"Keys" of happiness
in: Parts A and B are centrally checked using special "keys". At what point are these "keys" loaded into the database?
about: "Keys" are the correct answers to all tasks. They are not in the regions - they are available only at the federal level. And they are loaded into the database after the exam has passed throughout the country, when all the results of processing forms from the regions are transferred to the federal level.
in: Unlike parts A and B, in part C the examinees are not checked by a machine, but by as many as three experts from the regional subject commission. Moreover, if the opinions of two subject specialists in the assessment of a particular work differ significantly, then the position of the third expert becomes the verdict. Is there a loophole for abuse?
about: No, it is absolutely impossible. The experts themselves do not know which of them is the first, who is the second and who is the third, so they do not even know whose verdict is final. They receive work for verification in an automated manner, the form comes in a truncated form, and they themselves do not know whose specific knowledge they are checking. As you can see, everything is thought out to the smallest detail.
in: After the regions have received answers to all the questions of the exam tasks, here in Moscow, work begins on the preparation of the protocols with the final results of the exam. What criteria do you use to analyze statistics?
about: The main criterion is reliability. Our software tools allow monitoring not only every point of the exam, but also every audience where the Unified State Exam is taken. Everything is analyzed in the most thorough way, including for abnormal results - both overestimated and underestimated. For each such case, an internal investigation can be carried out, up to the cancellation of the results - Rosobrnadzor has such a function. And if, as a result, facts of abuse of official powers at the local level, which led to distortion of the results, are revealed, the perpetrators will be severely punished.
I remind the graduates and their parents that on the basis of a statistical analysis of the results obtained this year a certain threshold will be set on a 100-point scale, overcoming which means the successful passing of the final exam.
Measure seven times and then appeal
in: And if the graduate does not agree with the assessment of the work, when will he be able to appeal?
about: After the scaling procedure, when we determine what score each participant received for each exam, the protocols with the results are sent via secure communication channels from us to the regional information processing centers and then are brought to educational institutions. From this moment on, the period comes when the graduate has the right to appeal. For example, he may disagree with the score given on Part C. Or he may want to make sure that the machine scored his answers for Parts A and B.
in: How does it look in practice?
about: The appellant in the conflict commission is printed an image of the information he wrote with his own hand and a display of this form recognized by the machine. And before the eyes of the graduate, the answers are compared on the subject of whether the machine correctly recognized his marks, whether they are in those places where he put them.
in: Do mistakes happen?
about: Hardly ever. A very high-quality recognition system works. When we ran it in, our experts specially filled out the forms so that it was extremely difficult to examine the placed marks. But the machine took them apart anyway! Therefore, errors resulting from incorrect recognition are minimal. And if a graduate correctly observes all the algorithms for writing characters, they are practically excluded. But if he did not display the answer in block letters, as required, but got carried away and wrote in his small handwriting, then difficulties may already arise. But this is, excuse me, his responsibility. After all, each USE participant signs under the fact that he studied the rules of the exam, where it is said in black and white how exactly to display symbols on paper, and even samples are given.
There are some nuances when filing an appeal to Part C. A graduate may not be satisfied with the assessment of an individual task of this part or all in the aggregate. If he does not agree with the opinion of the experts, a re-examination is appointed. The conflict commission attracts subject matter experts - and not those who have already checked his work, but other specialists who once again evaluate his answers. And, I must say, the revision of the results does not always end in favor of the graduate. For example, if he appeals to part C as a whole, then as a result of re-examination for one task of this part, the score can be increased, and for another, on the contrary, it can be lowered. At least there were such cases too.
in: It is not the first year that there has been a practice of rechecking abnormally high results by the Federal Subject Commission. And many of these cases were related to the filing of an appeal, right?
about: Yes it's true. At the stage of the USE experiment, the appeal was often used for abuse and attempts to solve the problems of specific graduates. Let's say a graduate got one point in the exam for one of the answers from Part C, relatively speaking. And suddenly, based on the results of the appeal, instead of one point, he has four points. And so - for a number of assignments. Such cases are always identified, and such works are sent for recheck to the Federal Subject Commission. And I can tell you that 80% of the works analyzed by her were revised downward.
The Ministry of Education and Science claims that there have been no leaks of answers and tasks for the exam since 2013. However, in the first days of exams in 2017, the department transferred to the Ministry of Internal Affairs a list of more than 200 sites and groups in social networks, where scammers sold tasks from the test.
How much are the answers to 100 points, what will happen if a dummy comes for a student to take the exam, and for what do the groups that post answers free of charge receive money? "Paper" I learned who and how earns on the desire of students to pass exams successfully.
Ready answers. Up to 10 thousand rubles
There are more than 11 thousand communities in the groups on VKontakte with the words “USE answers” \u200b\u200bin the title. Five of them have more than 100 thousand people.
Most often, the administration of the groups offers to transfer money using the details of bank cards and electronic wallets, there are also offers to pay with bitcoins. Then the schoolchildren should be sent a password to access the site, where, according to the administration, they post the answers.
Prices in different groups vary depending on the exam and the desired number of points. So, answers to 60 points can cost up to 3 thousand rubles, and 100-point ones - up to 10 thousand.
The largest group with answers for the Unified State Exam on VKontakte now consists of 300 thousand people. In groups with similar reach, answers are often posted free of charge. Administrators explain this is because each student after the exam can voluntarily transfer money to the community wallet.
At the same time, advertisements are often placed in such groups. According to an advertising specialist of one of them, the cost of one advertising placement is 1–2 thousand rubles. On average, the community places two to three advertisements per day.
Most of these groups position themselves as "assistants in passing unfair exams." Many groups even have a "blacklist of scammers": they have already blocked communities that also offered solutions for the USE tests.
Out of 15 respondents "Paper" graduates who are members of such groups, only one bought the answers. The young man anonymously said that he spent 2,500 rubles on literature assignments to check whether they were really correct.
Of course, they turned out to be fake. But there were tasks that were tailored to the new requirements of the 2017 exam, not 2016. It helped me a little, but I still lost money.
According to the graduate, he does not know whether anyone else at his school bought the answers for the exam, but he believes that there are none.
On request "Papers" only one group answered. The leader of the 20,000-strong community agreed to comment if the editorial board pays him 15,000 rubles.
Earphones and a clock cheat sheet. Up to 15 thousand rubles
Some online retailers offer "hidden wireless communication with your assistant during exams, negotiations, interviews and dates." So, one of these stores in St. Petersburg with 18 thousand subscribers writes: “You don’t have time to diligently prepare for the exam? There is a way out - to buy a micro-earpiece for exams! ".
The price for a set of earpieces with a bluetooth headset varies from 2 to 15 thousand rubles. Some online stores offer to rent a micro-earphone for 500 rubles a day.
There you can also buy a cheat sheet watch, on the screen of which text files are played. Their cost is from 2.5 to 7 thousand rubles, rent - 600 rubles per day.
The websites of most of these stores also post instructions on how to use the earphone for the exam.
We are not doing anything illegal. People want to use earpieces and they buy them. It's just a question of supply and demand, - explains the head of the VKontakte group Mikronaushnik SPb anonymously.
He stressed that before the exam, several parents themselves ordered micro-headphones for their children. However, he, like other respondents "Paper" entrepreneurs, he refused to give specific figures.
Earphones and crib watches are not separately regulated by law. But their use, like any other cribs on the exam, falls under the article on "non-compliance with the state final certification", which provides for a fine of 3 to 5 thousand rubles.
A fake person for surrender. From 10 thousand rubles
In the Tor browser, which opens access to the Dark Web (an anonymous part of the Internet that is not indexed by ordinary search engines), a number of sites invite students to come to the exam for them.
Judging by the information from one of the websites, an unknown person, having forged documents, can pass the exam for a student. To do this, you must pay at least 10 thousand rubles and transfer a copy of the documents without specifying the series and number to the built-in chat of the site.
How exactly the student will take the exam is not specified. It is noted that the result is from 80 to 100 points. What exams can be passed for a student is also not indicated.
To the question "Papers" in the chat site did not answer. None of the respondents "Paper" graduates did not use such services. They all claim to be hearing about such a service for the first time.
Passing the state exam for another person falls under the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation "Forgery of official documents." So, in 2015, in Nizhny Novgorod, a tutor was sentenced to 10 months for this, who tried to pass the exam for his student. He wanted to go through the student's passport, into which his photograph was pasted.
A fake certificate of delivery. Up to 45 thousand rubles
Fake USE certificates cost from 10 to 45 thousand rubles, depending on the results of the exam and the year of delivery. Their sale is often accompanied by the sale of higher education degrees.
Large sites place an order using built-in online services. On the site, customers are promised to fulfill the request within two working days and provide courier delivery and payment upon receipt.
None of the selling certificates with "Paper" did not agree to speak. As the buyers told the reporter, now they are selling only USE certificates until 2013 (since 2014, all USE results are stored in an electronic database - approx. "Papers").
The service representatives explained that it is “absolutely safe” for the buyer, and the ordered document is accompanied by instructions on “how you can use it without any trouble”.
On another site "Paper" told that they issue USE and modern certificates, that is, after 2013, but do not correct the exam results in the electronic database.
Many sites that sell passports in St. Petersburg note that they have been operating since 2000-2005. At the same time, the websites do not hide the fact that buying a passport is illegal. Some of them even describe the punishment that threatens for its purchase: a fine of up to 80 thousand rubles, correctional labor for up to one year, or imprisonment for up to three months. The use of such a diploma is also considered a crime.
On the eve of the USE 2016, information about the exam becomes the most relevant. Let's consider the most frequently asked questions.
Will there be answers to the exam? I saw many VKontakte groups.
Indeed, when trying to find answers to the USE, the options for the KIMs of the USE 2016, you can find specialized groups on the VKontakte social network, in which the alleged answers are laid out. Often, groups can have a name that is completely different from the topic, thus creating the effect of "masking" information.
However, any possibility of posting answers to the Unified State Exam is ruled out - the database of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation is in closed access, which completely prevents the leakage of any information.
What then are VK groups? In most cases, these are fraudulent groups that are created for subsequent resale. Reviews that can make you believe the information, as a rule, are written by bots, and the reliability of the data is not confirmed by anything, so the risks of using the proposed answers to the exam are too great.
If there are no answers to the Unified State Exam, then why do Caucasians who do not know Russian pass the Unified State Exam for 99 points?
If we remove the subjectivity with which such a question is usually asked, then we can see that the situation with the USE results is not at all what many think.
According to the data of local educational authorities of Russian regions in 2015, the average USE score was: in the Krasnoyarsk and Stavropol Territories - 65 points, in the Kirov region - 70, in the Perm Territory - 71 points, and in Tatarstan - 69. At the same time, the average USE score in the Russian language in the Republic of Dagestan, for example, it was 46 points. Only 8 graduates scored 100 points in the basic subject.
In other words, graduates of the Caucasian republics pass the exam no better and no worse than Russian graduates from other regions. And the suspicions that 100-point students are more likely to be cheated on the exam from the Chechen Republic than from Moscow are the result of the prevailing unjustified stereotypes.
Is it realistic to write off on the exam?
Many still ask the question "how to write off on the exam?" At the moment, it is not possible to do this in any way.
Firstly, video surveillance of the audience is installed at each exam point. These records from all regions are sent online to a single special center, where observation is carried out by observers specially accredited by Rospotrebnadzor of the Russian Federation.
... Secondly, at the entrance to the exam point, metal detectors are installed to detect any telephone, audio and video equipment from the examinee, which excludes the possibility of bringing gadgets into the classroom.
In addition, during the USE - 2016, it is planned to increase the number of technical means to suppress the signal of mobile communications, which makes it impossible to use phones or earpieces even by those who were somehow able to carry the device.
Are the options for the exam in Moscow and Vladivostok the same?
Not. The Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation has made a number of changes to the exam procedure since the beginning of examinations in the Far East in order to eliminate the risks of leaking USE materials. Including, for each time zone, different versions of the Unified State Exam have been introduced so that schoolchildren, say, from Vladivostok, after the start of the exam, cannot send assignments to Moscow schoolchildren.
My friends say that they bought the exam. Can you trust them?
Of course, the USE system is young and developing. This format of the exam was introduced throughout Russia in 2008. And, of course, there were cases of leaked assignments and buying answers when one of the graduates could get lucky. For example, in 2011, there was a large leak of data on the Unified State Exam on the social network VKontakte.
However, at the moment, the system has reached a level at which buying the answers to the USE 2016 is completely excluded.
Thus, holding the USE 2016 presupposes the objectivity and unprecedentedness of the procedure. And in any way it is impossible to buy the USE answers, buy real KIMs of the USE or write off.
The technology practically eliminates not only the leakage of examination materials, but also the possibility of falsifying the results of the exam.
On May 26, the main wave of the USE started in Russia. More than 900 thousand graduates will take exams. The Federal Testing Center, subordinate to Rosobrnadzor, is responsible for the technology of the USE, the processing and analysis of information. It is here from all over the country that data on delivery are flocked. The Izvestia observer managed to get into this "semi-secret" organization, who had a talk with the deputy director of the FTsT Oksana RESHETNIKOVA.
- Each graduate will receive an individual set of examination materials. What's inside?
There you will find the control measuring material for the subject and three forms. The registration form displays the last name, first name, patronymic and passport data. Form No. 1 is used to record short answers to the tasks of parts A and B - where you need to choose one of the options. And on form No. 2, the answers to the tasks of part C are recorded - the same ones that are written in free form. This form is two-sided, but if this space is not enough (say, a person signed, since there is something to say on this topic), an additional form is issued.
Anonymity guaranteed
- How can we use technology to quickly analyze what was submitted in paper form?
Our forms are not simple, but machine-readable. After the exam, they are scanned, and all information displayed on them takes an electronic form. This significantly reduces the processing time of the results. In general, it should be noted that in comparison with previous years, when the USE was submitted as an experiment, the technology has been significantly modernized and supported by software. At the federal level, we have seriously strengthened and secured the entire process. Now it is reliably protected and represents a monolithic, efficiently working automated system.
In Tatarstan, a couple of years ago, as a result of a conspiracy between officials of the local Ministry of Education and employees of the regional information processing center, it was possible to seize the forms of several students and replace them with new ones, rewritten. Is this possible today?
I’m sure not. Today, each examination material with which a graduate works has its own special barcode. At the same time, they are combined with each other, forming the very individual set. This immediately rejects the possibility of replacing materials: a form with a "foreign" barcode will not match the rest of the forms in the set and therefore cannot be processed. This allows you to separate the details of the graduate from his answers, which is very important. The constituent parts of each set are processed in different places and are reattached only at the federal level - already here, in our center.
- That is, the answers to the test questions are now analyzed without reference to the personality of a particular examinee?
Yes, that's the whole point. The first to come to us from the regions are data from Forms No. 1: this requires minimal work, including versification. Registration forms appear second. And, finally, information about the results of evaluating the answers to part C by experts comes last. All this is programmatically connected in accordance with the barcodes, and only then it becomes clear to which specific person this individual set belongs. We work with the subjects of the Federation in a single distributed database. Therefore, we will always notice any attempts to interfere with the system.
"Keys" of happiness
Parts A and B are centrally checked using special "keys". At what point are these "keys" loaded into the database?
- "Keys" are the correct answers to all tasks. They are not in the regions - they are available only at the federal level. And they are loaded into the database after the exam has passed throughout the country, when all the results of processing forms from the regions are transferred to the federal level.
Unlike parts A and B, in part C the examinees are not checked by a machine, but by as many as three experts from the regional subject commission. Moreover, if the opinions of two subject specialists in the assessment of a particular work differ significantly, then the position of the third expert becomes the verdict. Is there a loophole for abuse?
No, this is absolutely impossible. The experts do not know which of them is the first, who is the second, and who is the third, so they do not even know whose verdict is final.
After the regions received answers to all the questions of the exam assignments, here in Moscow, work begins on the preparation of the protocols with the final results of the exam. What criteria do you use to analyze statistics?
The main criterion is reliability. Our software tools allow monitoring not only every point of the exam, but also every audience where the Unified State Exam is taken. Everything is analyzed in the most thorough way, including for abnormal results - both overestimated and underestimated. For each such case, an internal investigation can be carried out, up to the cancellation of the results - Rosobrnadzor has such a function.
I remind the graduates and their parents that on the basis of a statistical analysis of the results obtained this year a certain threshold will be set on a 100-point scale, overcoming which means the successful passing of the final exam.
Measure seven times and then appeal
- And if the graduate does not agree with the assessment of the work, when will he be able to file an appeal?
After the scaling procedure, when we determine what score each participant received for each exam, the protocols with the results via secure communication channels are sent from us to the regional information processing centers and then are sent to educational institutions. From this moment on, the period comes when the graduate has the right to appeal. For example, he may disagree with the score given on Part C. Or he may want to make sure that the machine scored his answers for Parts A and B.
The appellant in the conflict commission is printed an image of the information that he wrote with his own hand, and a display of this form recognized by the machine. And before the eyes of the graduate, the answers are compared on the subject of whether the machine correctly recognized his marks, whether they are in those places where he put them.
- Do mistakes happen?
Hardly ever. A very high-quality recognition system works. If a graduate correctly observes all the algorithms for writing characters, mistakes are practically excluded. But if he did not display the answer in block letters, as required, but got carried away and wrote in his small handwriting, then difficulties may already arise. But this is, excuse me, his responsibility. After all, each USE participant signs under the fact that he studied the rules of the exam, where it is said in black and white how exactly to display symbols on paper, and even samples are given.
There are some nuances when filing an appeal to part C. A graduate may not be satisfied with the assessment of a separate task of this part or all in the aggregate. If he does not agree with the opinion of the experts, a re-examination is appointed. The conflict commission attracts subject matter experts - and not those who have already checked his work, but other specialists who once again evaluate his answers. And, I must say, the revision of the results does not always end in favor of the graduate.
