British aristocracy: strong because they are invisible (repost). From the biography of words and phraseological units A convincing argument English aristocracy big bourgeoisie
Shilina Irina Petrovna "Gonoshikhinskaya secondary school", branch of MKOU "Novozyryanovskaya secondary school" Teacher of Russian language and literature Russian language lesson in grade 11 Topic: "Culture of speech. Norms of the Russian literary language, their description and consolidation in dictionaries, teaching aids, reference books." Lesson objectives: 1) To reveal the meaning of the culture of speech. 2) Learn the concept of “the norm of the modern Russian language”. 3) To consolidate the ability to distinguish between normalized and non-normalized speech. 4) To form a skill in the use of normalized speech. 5) To consolidate the ability to distinguish between grammatical errors, the skills of mastering orthoepic, lexical, grammatical norms of the language. 6) Analyze the USE tasks related to speech norms and culture of speech. Equipment: computer, projector; slide presentation; test handout. Epigraph to the lesson: “For an intelligent person, it is as indecent to speak badly as not to be able to read and write” A.P. Chekhov Course of the lesson 1. Organizational moment. Introductory psychological attitude: Guys, I want to start today's lesson with a parable: "There was a sage who knew everything. One person wanted to prove that the sage does not know everything. Holding a butterfly in his palms, he asked:" Tell me, sage, what kind of butterfly do I have in hands:
I propose to recall the theoretical material: 1. What kind of speech is considered correct? Speech in which the norms of the literary language are observed. 2. What is a literary language? The common language of the writing of the people, official business documents, schooling, written everyday communication, science, journalism, fiction, all manifestations of culture, expressed in verbal form. 3. What are the norms of the literary language? The rules of pronunciation, formation, use of words, phrases, sentences generally accepted in the speech practice of the language. 4. What norms of the Russian language reflect the rules of pronunciation, stress, use of intonation? Orthoepic 5. What norms of the Russian language reflect the rules for the use of words in strict accordance with their meaning? Lexical 6. What norms of the Russian language reflect the rules for the formation of words? Word-building 7. What norms of the Russian language reflect the rules for the formation of word forms of different parts of speech? Morphological 8. What norms of the Russian language reflect the rules for constructing phrases and sentences? Syntactic 4. Work with the textbook. Exercise 273: I propose to work with the textbook, with exercise 273. What new did you learn about the language norm from the read text of Academician Shcherba? (Students' answers) Complete the practical tasks: 1) syntactic analysis of the sentence. (One student performs at the blackboard). [Therefore, linguists are deeply right in that] (that, looking for the norm of a given language, they turn to the works of good writers, who obviously have to the maximum degree that evaluative feeling), (which was mentioned above). [ ==== in that], (what, |....|, ==== , | that|), (of which ====).
(Narrative, non-exclamatory, complex, NGN with clauses explanatory, attributive; consistent subordination). 2) Scientists - linguists who, looking for the norm of the literary language, turn to works, turn to writers who are good for those who have a “sense of language”, an evaluative feeling. 3) Literary speech activity is free from incorrect statements, since writers deliberately avoid the lapses inherent in oral speech activity. Work with the dictionary: "Dictionary of the Russian language" S.I. Ozhegova LYAPSUS, a, m. (book). Error, slip of the tongue, omission in book style 5. Fulfillment of practical tasks. SLIDE 4 Orthoepic norms. Read the phrases. Persuasive argument, English aristocracy, upper bourgeoisie, social activity, conclude a contract, get rusty from dampness, the telephone rings, useful invention, rubber plantations, new residential area, work as a combine operator, firm intention, relieve pain, place in the stalls, express condolences, means of communication , porcelain cup, new owners, apply for enrollment in courses. SLIDE 5 6 Test task. Independent work. (Appendix 1) SLIDE 7 Lexical norms. What associations arise when reading these words and phrases? (Moon, evening, shining stars, magical mood, dream). Try to "create a picture of what is happening." The essay is a miniature. SLIDE 8 9 Restore the text by inserting verbs. (Appendix 2) SLIDE 10 12 Morphological norms. Test. (Appendix 3) SLIDE 1315 Syntactic norms. Choose the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence. (Appendix 4) 6. Summing up the lesson. Grading in the journal and diaries. 7. SLIDE 16 Homework: 1) complete exercise 276; 2) compose tests on the topic "Norms of the modern Russian literary language."
Test. Independent work. Appendix 1 1. In what word does the stress fall on the last syllable? a) astrakhan; b) cakes; c) put d) accepted 2. In which word does the stress fall on the first syllable? a) was not b) was not; c) was waiting d) cement 3. In which word is the letter denoting a stressed vowel correctly highlighted? a) obituary; b) fought; c) make it easier; d) plum 4. In which word is the letter denoting a stressed vowel correctly highlighted? A) created; b) catalog; c) starting; d) CAKE Key: 1 c); 2 a); 3 g); 4 a)
Before you is an excerpt from the text of Yu. Nagibin "Winter Oak". Try Appendix 2 to restore the text by inserting verbs. The path ____________________ is a hawthorn bush, and the forest immediately _____________________ to the sides: in the middle of a clearing in white, sparkling clothes, huge and majestic, like a cathedral, __________ oak. It seemed that the trees respectfully parted to give the older brother _____________________ in all its strength. Its lower branches are a tent ________________________ above the clearing. Snow ________________ into deep wrinkles of the bark, and a thick, three-girth trunk seemed to be stitched with almost no silver threads. _________________, oak to the very top was covered with leaves in snow dried up in autumn, Foliage, cases. Compare your text with the original: The path rounded a hawthorn bush, and the forest immediately resounded to the sides: in the middle of the clearing in white, sparkling clothes, huge and majestic, like a cathedral, stood an oak tree. It seemed that the trees parted respectfully to let the older brother turn around in full force. Its lower branches spread like a tent over the clearing. The snow beat into the deep wrinkles of the bark, and the thick, three-girth trunk seemed to be stitched with silver threads. The foliage, having dried up in autumn, almost did not fly around, the oak tree was covered with leaves in snow covers to the very top. Appendix 3
Morphological norms. Complete the test task. 1. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form: 1) more beautiful; 2) name day; 3) less than seventy-five rubles; 4) go tomorrow. 2. Find an error in the formation of the word form: 1) younger; 2) lie down; 3) without gold shoulder straps; 4) two hundred paces. 3. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form: 1) more than fifty rubles; 2) their children; 3) five saucers; 4) lie down on the sofa. 4. Indicate the error in the formation of the form of the word: 1) reading the story; 2) less significant; 3) in two thousand and five; 4) go home. 5. Indicate the error in the formation of the form of the word: 1) in seventy ways; 2) one hundred tons; 3) run a hundred meters; 4) the most interesting of all. 6. Give an example with a mistake in the formation of the word form: 1) delicious cakes; 2) at the airport; 3) younger brother; 4) three hundred meters. 7. Give an example with an error in the formation of the word form: 1) coastal boats; 2) will recover soon; 3) three brothers; 4) new shoes. Key: 1 - 3; 2 - 1; 3 - 1; 4 - 1; 5 - 3; 6 - 1; 7 - 4.
Appendix 4 Syntactic norms. Complete the test task. 1. Choose the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence: Traveling by bicycle, 1) the muscles of the legs and back develop. 2) Requires a lot of stamina. 3) you get great pleasure. 4) my headlight broke. 2. Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the syntactic norm): 1) The schedule for carrying out repair work in the workshops of the plant was violated contrary to the instructions of the director. 2) Those who sat on the banks of the river more than once experienced incomparable bliss. 3) A visitor, apparently a tourist, asked a passer-by if there was a post office nearby. 4) My sister likes to play the piano and sing in the choir. 3. In which sentence, the clause of NGN cannot be replaced by a separate definition, expressed by participial turnover? 1) Princess Marya looked at Rostov with her radiant gaze, which made her forget the ugliness of her face. 2) The era of reaction that came in Russia after the Decembrist uprising gave birth to people like Pechorin. 3) The troops of the First Russian Army, with which the sovereign was located, were located in a fortified camp near Drissa. 4) Among those present, Margarita immediately recognized Azazello, who was standing at the head of the bed. 4. In which sentence can the clause of NGN be replaced by a separate definition, expressed by participial turnover? 1) The biggest and noisiest company was formed around Nina Semyonovna, an elementary school teacher who met all these guys on the threshold of the school ten years ago. 2) The stones that now form the peaks of the Alps or the Himalayas were once formed under water. 3) The main source of energy for all living beings that inhabit our planet is the energy of sunlight. 4) Both in summer and in winter, the panorama that opens from the steep bank of the Tsna is unique in its beauty. Key: 1 - 3; 2 - 1; 3 - 3; 4 - 2.
January 20, 2019, 12:51I recently found a very interesting article on the Bird in Flight portal.
The Guardian published an article about how English aristocrats adapt to life in a democracy. The author of the article, Chris Bryant, argues that despite the myth of "noble poverty" and the loss of ancestral homes, the wealth of aristocrats and their influence remains phenomenal.
On January 11 of this year, after a short illness at the age of 77, the third Baron Lyell, Charles, died. He inherited his title and the 10,000-acre estate of Kinnordy at the age of four. After studying at Eton and at the aristocratic Oxford College of Christ Church, Charles spent almost 47 years in the House of Lords. The Baron was able to remain in Parliament even after the 1999 reform, when most hereditary peers were excluded from the House: he became one of 92 elected hereditary peers. According to the new rules, after his death, by-elections were held for the vacant seat, in which 27 hereditary peers took part.
In their statements, most of the candidates focused on career achievements and lists of regalia. But Hugh Crossley, the 45-year-old fourth Baron Somerleyton, emphasized ideology. "I believe that the hereditary peerage must be preserved: this principle fosters a deep sense of duty to the good of the nation," he said.
Crossley is easy to understand: he is the heir to Somerleyton Hall in Suffolk. His ancestor Sir Francis Crossley, a major industrialist, purchased the estate in 1863. With gardens, park labyrinths, bird aviaries, 300-foot (100-meter) colonnades and a marina, he was born and spent his whole life in this luxurious estate of 5,000 acres (2,000 hectares). Of course, hereditary principles are sacred to him.
But judging by the activity in the House of Lords, for most of the 20th century, the aristocracy showed a surprising indifference to the good of the nation. Attendance at the debates was extremely low, although the peers already have a very forgiving schedule: the working day began at 3:45 or 4:15 pm, and the working week was most often limited to three days. Even during World War II, debates rarely drew more than a couple of dozen peers at once, and the trend only worsened in the post-war years. Regular visits to Parliament seemed too tiring for their Lordships, except in situations where their personal interests were at stake or their convictions were hurt. A striking example is when, in 1956, a member of the House of Commons put forward a bill to abolish the death penalty: the Lords rejected it by a convincing majority of 238 votes to 95.
These days we are accustomed to regard the British aristocracy as a historical curiosity. Under Tony Blair, most hereditary peers were expelled from the House of Lords (there are only 92 of them left instead of 650). It may seem that this indicates a complete loss of influence. But the fact that 92 hereditary peers have remained in Parliament (more than the number of participants in almost all meetings in the last eight decades) is a victory that proves that their influence is still strong. After all, they were able not only to delay, but to prevent further reform of the House of Lords and strengthen their presence in it.
By the 1990s, many aristocrats had lost interest in politics, but for those who nevertheless decided to exercise their parliamentary rights, the House of Lords provided an easy path to power. So, under John Major, several hereditary peers were immediately appointed to important government positions: Viscount Cranborne became chairman of the House of Lords, and among the ministers there were seven earls, four viscounts and five hereditary barons. And even in the administration formed in June 2017 by Theresa May, there is one earl, one viscount and three hereditary barons.
Behind the beautiful façade of the British aristocracy, behind the romantic biographies of some of its representatives, lies a much darker side: centuries of theft, violence and insatiable greed. Historically, the defining feature of the aristocracy was not a noble desire to serve society, but a desperate lust for power. Aristocrats seized land in a variety of ways - expropriated it from monasteries, secured it for their sole use under the pretext of efficiency. They held on to their wealth and strengthened the stability of their social status. They forced to respect themselves, defiantly spending exorbitant funds on palaces and jewelry. They set a strict set of rules for all other members of society, but they themselves lived by very different standards. They believed (and forced others to believe) that a hierarchical social order led by them was the only natural order of things. The slightest doubt in this was regarded as the destruction of spiritual bonds.
Attempts to deprive the aristocrats of this status infuriated and sincerely shocked them. Clinging to their position, they came up with increasingly convincing arguments in defense of their privileges. And when in the end democracy unceremoniously pushed the aristocrats aside, they found new ways to preserve their incredible wealth - no longer pretending to be driven by concern for the public good. So the aristocracy is far from dying out - quite the contrary.
... Whatever they say about noble poverty and the loss of family estates, the personal wealth of British aristocrats remains phenomenal. According to Country Life magazine, a third of British land is still owned by the aristocracy. Despite some changes, the lists of the most powerful noble landowners in 1872 and in 2001 turn out to be remarkably similar. According to some estimates, the fortune of the descendants of the royal Plantagenet dynasty in 2001 was 4 billion pounds and 700 thousand acres (300 thousand hectares) of land; 42 representatives of the dynasty until 1999 were members of the House of Lords. The data for Scotland is even more striking: almost half of the land there is concentrated in the hands of 432 individuals and companies. More than a quarter of the land plots, the area of which is over 5 thousand acres, in Scotland is owned by aristocratic families.
And it's not just about the numbers: many of the landed estates owned by British aristocrats are considered the most valuable and expensive in the world. Thus, the Duke of Westminster, in addition to estates of 96,000, 23,500 and 11,500 acres (40,000, 10,000 and 4,500 hectares) in different parts of the country owns huge land plots in the prestigious London districts of Mayfair and Belgravia. Earl Cadogan owns plots in Cadogan Square, Sloane Street and King's Road, Marquess of Northampton - 260 acres (100 hectares) in Clerkenwell and Canonbury, Baroness Howard de Walden - most of Harley Street and Marylebone High Street. Rents in these parts of London are among the highest in the world. In 1925, the journalist W. B. Northrop published a map: the "aristocratic landownership" octopus spread its tentacles all over London, paralyzing the construction business and sucking the juice out of the inhabitants. Since then, little has changed.
One legal rule, unique to England and Wales, became especially important for noble landowners. It was she who allowed them to build houses for many centuries and sell them on a leasehold basis, and not full ownership. This means that buyers do not acquire the property itself, but only the right to own it for a certain period of time. So even the "owners" of large residential complexes are forced to pay land rent to the real owners, to whom their property returns after the contract expires (and in some areas of London it cannot be more than 35 years). In addition to real estate, the land itself also brings in huge incomes: agricultural areas are constantly growing in price. According to the 2016 ranking of the richest people in Britain, 30 lords are worth £100 million or more each.
... Many aspects of the life of English aristocrats have hardly changed over time. Even those who have ceded their palaces to the National Trust for Historic Interests or other non-profit foundations (with all the associated tax benefits) often continue to live in their ancestral homes. Only now their estates are equipped with modern amenities. Some country palaces such as Chatsworth, Woburn and Longleat live off country tourism, attracting many visitors. Others are still private estates, and noble heirs, as before, annually move from one luxurious residence to another. The Dukes of Buccleuch, for example, use the famous "Pink Palace" Drumlanrig as their main residence, but spend the winter months at the 100-room Bowhill Mansion or the Boughton Estate (the latter includes five villages and a mansion whose halls are decorated with works by Van Dyck, El Greco and Gainsborough). ). When the previous duke made this voyage, he usually took Leonardo da Vinci's Madonna with a Spindle with him - until in 2003 the painting was stolen directly from his family castle.
The habits and hobbies of aristocrats also remained the same. In the 21st century, members of the nobility most often belong to the same clubs as their ancestors. Aristocrats still use U-English instead of non-U English (terms for differences in aristocratic and middle-class vocabulary), saying napkins and vegetables instead of serviettes and greens. They play polo. They are hunting. They love guns, horses and dogs.
The secret to maintaining wealth is also that, like their ancestors, many modern aristocrats successfully evade taxes. In the 18th century, the satirist Charles Churchill wrote what could be called the unspoken motto of the aristocracy: “What do we care if taxes go up or down? Thanks to our wealth, we don’t pay them anyway!”
The second Duke of Westminster was sued for paying his gardeners under a scheme that excluded taxation. Then the judge, Lord Tomlin, in 1936 ruled: “Everyone has the right to conduct business in such a way as to minimize tax payments in accordance with the law. If he succeeds, then, despite the dissatisfaction with his resourcefulness of the employees of the Internal Revenue Commission or other taxpayers, no one has the right to force him to additional tax payments.
The rest of the aristocrats firmly grasped this principle. For example, businessmen William and Edmund Vesti, founders of one of the world's largest meat retailers, bought themselves a peerage and a baronetcy for £20,000 in 1922, and then came up with a tax avoidance scheme that saved the family a total of £88 million. pounds. In 1980, the brothers' descendants were found to have paid £10 on a profit of £2.3 million. Asked how this could have happened, they shrugged, “Let's face it, no one pays more taxes than they owe. We all dodge in one way or another, don't we?"
The Trustees of Castle Howard in North Yorkshire sold a painting by Joshua Reynolds for £9.4 million to pay for the divorce of its aristocratic occupant. However, they stated that they were not required to pay the market value increase tax. The reason given is because the painting is part of the "cloths and upholstery of the castle" and is therefore considered a "drainable asset". Incredibly, in 2014 the Court of Appeal accepted such an excuse. True, the following year this tax loophole was closed.
Trusts became the main way to avoid taxes for aristocrats. An endless number of peers, owning lands and castles, placed all their assets in discretionary trusts, thereby evading both public scrutiny and inheritance tax. In 1995, the ninth Duke of Buccleuch complained that on the list of the richest people in the UK, his fortune was estimated at 200 million pounds - when these figures applied to the company Buccleuch Estates Ltd, in which he does not have shares. Legally he is right. In fact - he and his family are the beneficial owners. The same goes for a few dozen more noble families: family trust funds quietly provide income to any number of beneficiaries, and neither inheritance taxes nor public curiosity can be feared.
... For centuries, the main secret of the viability of the old aristocracy was carefully cultivated greatness. Everything from clothes to manners was designed to impress - so that no one dared to doubt the right of the nobility to power. But nowadays the secret of aristocrats is in invisibility, almost invisibility. Commenting on the rating of ten dukes published in Tatler magazine, the Daily Mail journalists noted: “Once the holders of these titles would have become the main celebrities of their time. Today, most people will have to work hard to remember at least one person from this list.
And this is no coincidence. British laws relating to land ownership, inheritance taxes or discretionary trusts make it possible to hide wealth from the public eye. All this imperceptibly supports the power of the aristocracy. The writer Nancy Mitford, who herself was part of the British high society, but treated it with healthy skepticism, once said: “It is quite likely that those who for a thousand years have weathered so many religious, dynastic and political shelter to survive another one." It looks like she was right.
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“Language is the first tool of labor, the first machine that helps a person to transform the world. Performing logical operations for us, he serves man and enslaves him. (M. Gorky.) "Our language is expressive not only for high eloquence, for loud poetry, but also for gentle simplicity, for the sounds of the heart and sensitivity." (N. Karamzin.) - What is the general idea that unites these statements?
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Persuasive argument, English aristocracy, upper bourgeoisie, social activity, conclude a contract, get rusty from dampness, phone rings, useful invention, rubber plantations, new residential area, work as a combine operator, firm intention, relieve pain, place in the stalls, express condolences, means of communication , porcelain cup, new owners, apply for enrollment in courses. Read the phrases. (One student reads, the rest follow the pronunciation. Find and correct inaccuracies in speech).
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Persuasive argument, English aristocracy, upper bourgeoisie, social activity, conclude a contract, get rusty from dampness, phone rings, useful invention, rubber plantations, new residential area, work as a combine operator, firm intention, relieve pain, place in the stalls, express condolences, means of communication , porcelain cup, new owners, apply for enrollment in courses.
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I. In which word is the stress on the last syllable? 1. astrakhan fur 2. cakes 3 put 4. accepted II. In which word is the stress on the first syllable? was not 2. was not 3.waited 4.cement III.Which word is stressed correctly? 1. obituary (2nd syllable) 3. facilitate (2-syllable) 2. fight (1st syllable) 4. plum (1st syllable) IV. In which word is the letter denoting a stressed vowel correctly highlighted? 1. created 3. started 2. catalog 4. cakes
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Moon Evening Shining stars Magical mood Dream What associations arise when reading these words? Try to "create a picture of what is happening."
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I. Which of the following words means “strong excitement, excitement; struggle of interests around something”? 1) courage 3) excitement 2) mirage 4) entourage II. Which of the following words means "a specialist in the production of ballet dances"? 1) conductor 3) ethnographer 2) choreographer 4) concertmaster III. Which of the following words has the meaning of “a science that studies the origin, material and spiritual culture, features of life of different peoples of the world? 1) mythology 3) ethnography 2) folklore 4) bibliography IV. Which word is misunderstood? 1) DEMONSTRATE - go on a demonstration 2) POPULAR - well-known, recognized 3) PRESS SECRETARY - representative of the press authority 4) PRIVATIZATION - transfer of property to private hands
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V.. The meaning of which word is defined incorrectly? 1) BRANCH - a part of some enterprise of the institution 2) TRILLION - a number represented by a unit with 12 zeros 3) INTERNSHIP - A PERSON on probation 4) SOUVENIR - a birthday present VI. . In which sentence, instead of the word LIFE, should you use LIFE? 1) They were sisters, but their LIFE paths diverged so much that they did not correspond for years. 2) Early spring, when everything comes to life and gains LIFE FORCE - this is the content of this picture. 3) This operation is needed for vital indications. 4) He dreamed of living far from civilization in order to get away from the LIFE noise and hardships. VII. In which sentence, instead of the word ETERNAL, should CENTURY be used? 1) on long autumn evenings, the owner did not leave the room and, in an unchanged dressing gown, with an ETERNAL pipe in his teeth, sat at the window. 2) Dense thickets of bushes alternated with ETERNAL oak groves and birch forests. H) Among the ETERNAL human values, the most important for him was honesty. 4) In areas of permafrost, houses are built according to special projects.
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Pathway………. a hawthorn bush, and the forest immediately ……… to the sides: in the middle of a clearing in white, sparkling clothes, huge and majestic, like a cathedral, ……. oak. It seemed that the trees respectfully parted to give the older brother ………..in full force. Its lower branches are a tent …….. over the clearing. Snow……… into deep wrinkles of the bark, and a thick, three-girth trunk seemed to be stitched with silver threads. The foliage, having dried up in autumn, almost did not ………, the oak tree was covered with leaves in snow covers up to the very top. Here is an excerpt from Yu. Nagibin's text "Winter Oak". Try to restore it by inserting verbs.
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The path rounded a hawthorn bush, and the forest immediately resounded to the sides: in the middle of a clearing in white, sparkling clothes, huge and majestic, like a cathedral, stood an oak tree. It seemed that the trees parted respectfully to let the older brother turn around in full force. Its lower branches spread like a tent over the clearing. The snow beat into the deep wrinkles of the bark, and the thick, three-girth trunk seemed to be stitched with silver threads. The foliage, having dried up in autumn, almost did not fly around, the oak tree was covered with leaves in snow covers to the very top.
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1. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form. 1) more beautiful 2) name day 3) less than seventy-five rubles 4) go tomorrow 2. Find a mistake in the formation of the word form. 1) younger 2) lie down 3) without gold epaulettes 4) in two hundred steps 3. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form. 1) more than fifty rubles 2) their children 3) five saucers 4) lie on the sofa 4. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form. 1) reading a story 2) a less significant one 3) in 2005 4) go home
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5. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form. 1) seventy ways 2) one hundred tons 3) run one hundred meters 4) the most interesting 6. Give an example with an error in the formation of the word form. 1) delicious cakes 2) at the airport 3) younger than my brother 4) three hundred meters away 7. Give an example with a mistake in the formation of the word form. 1) coastal boats 2) will get well soon 3) three brothers 4) with new shoes
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1. Choose the grammatically correct continuation of the sentence When traveling by bicycle, 1) the muscles of the legs and back develop. 2) Requires a lot of stamina. C) you get great pleasure. 4) my headlight broke. 2. Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (in violation of the syntactic norm). 1) The schedule for carrying out repair work in the workshops of the plant was violated contrary to the instructions of the director. 2) Those who sat on the banks of the river more than once experienced incomparable bliss. H) A visitor, apparently a tourist, asked a passer-by if there was a post office nearby. 4) My sister likes to play the piano and sing in the choir.
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3. In which sentence, the subordinate part of a complex sentence cannot be replaced by a separate definition, expressed by participial turnover? 1) Princess Marya looked at Rostov with her radiant gaze, which made her forget the ugliness of her face. 2) The era of reaction that came in Russia after the Decembrist uprising gave birth to people like Pechorin. 3) The troops of the First Russian Army, with which the sovereign was located, were located in a fortified camp near Drissa. 4) Among those present, Margarita immediately recognized Azazello, who was standing at the head of the bed. 4. In which sentence can the subordinate clause of a complex sentence be replaced by a separate definition expressed by participle turnover? 1) The biggest and noisiest company was formed around Nina Semyonovna, an elementary school teacher who met all these guys on the threshold of the school ten years ago. 2) The stones that now form the peaks of the Alps or the Himalayas were once formed under water. 3) The main source of energy for all living beings that inhabit our planet is the energy of sunlight. 4) Both in summer and winter, the panorama that opens from the steep bank of the Tsna is unique in its beauty.
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1. Select texts where you can violate the orthoepic norms of the Russian language. 2. Compose your text using the words: the sea is a house, with boarded-up windows, an edge covered with flowers, a light 3. Compose tests
"Russian language in Belarus" - The ratio of synonyms. Features of functioning. specific regionalisms. shifts in meaning. Verb. Creation of an experimental base. Linguistic methods. Cultural-specific features. Peculiarities. Basic approach. Material for research. Own names. Regional options in the NKRY.
"Philology" - Anthropological turn in the humanities. Scientific disciplines. False paths. Russian language teaching. Philology as a science and educational field. Division of Sciences. specific features. Breaking the vicious associative chain. Reaction types. Humanitarian sciences. Features of philological thinking.
"Dialogue of cultures" - Conceptual method. Your bread. Group forms of activity. Comparative method. Dialogue of cultures. The inclusion of this word in the phrase. Differentiated approach. The goals of the dialogue of cultures. Russian as a non-native language. Schoolchildren education. Talk about the meaning of words. Concepts. Principles of the RKN methodology.
"The state of the Russian language" - Assignment. What are the criteria for selecting words. Artist. How to kill with a word. About violators of the rules of the Russian language. Russian language in the world. Days of Slavic writing. Aircraft models. Cyril and Methodius. Russian speech. Hyphen. Point out the misspelled word. The largest language in the world. State language policy.
"Business Russian language" - Self-confidence. Business Etiquette. What genres of business communication did you get acquainted with in the Business Russian language classes? Oral skills. 4. Motivation to make purchases, stimulating the work of a commodity-producing network. Business. Achievement sheet. observation. Work well with colleagues. Be able to write effective speeches and acquire presentation skills.
"Problems of the Russian Language" - Problem No. 1: The Russian language and the media: do today's authors, journalists give an example of a culture of speech and communication. Topic of conversation: Problem #2: Problem #3: Russian Federation. Finalists of our Campaign: Russian language and school: what needs to be done so that school graduates speak Russian correctly? Russian language abroad: how to increase the number of foreigners interested in learning Russian?
Read the phrases. Write, emphasize.
Persuasive argument, English aristocracy,
big bourgeoisie, social activity,
conclude an agreement, rust from dampness, calls
telephone, useful invention, rubber plantations,
a new residential area, work as a combine operator,
firm intention, relieve pain, place in
parterre, express condolences, means of communication,
porcelain cup, new owners, solicit
about course enrollment.
1.karakul 2.cakes 3put 4.accepted
II. In what word does the stress fall on the first syllable?
1. was not
2. was not 3.waited 4.cement
III. In which word is the stress indicated correctly?
1. obituary (2nd syllable)
3. facilitate (2-syllable)
2. fought (1st syllable)
4. plum (1st syllable)
IV. In which word is the letter denoting correctly highlighted
stressed vowel?
1. Created
3. start
2. catalog
4. cakes I. Which of the following words means "strong excitement,
excitement; struggle of interests around something”?
1) courage 3) excitement
2) mirage 4) entourage
II. Which of the following words means "specialist,
staging ballet dances"?
1) conductor H) ethnographer
2) choreographer 4) concertmaster
III. Which of the following words means "science that studies
origin, material and spiritual culture, features
life of different peoples of the world?
1) mythology 3) ethnography
2) folklore 4) bibliography
IV. Which word is misunderstood?
1) DEMONSTRATE - go to a demonstration
2) POPULAR - famous, recognized
3) PRESS SECRETARY - representative of the press authorities
4) PRIVATIZATION - transfer of property to private hands V.. The meaning of which word is defined incorrectly?
1) BRANCH - part of some enterprise of the institution
2) TRILLION - a number represented by a unit with 12 zeros
3) TRAINING PERSON - A PERSON undergoing a probationary period
4) SOUVENIR - birthday gift
VI. . In which sentence, instead of the word LIFE, should you use
WORLDLY?
1) They were sisters, but their LIFE paths diverged so much that for years they did not
corresponded.
2) Early spring, when everything comes to life and gains LIFE FORCE - this is
the content of this picture.
3) This operation is needed for vital indications.
4) He dreamed of living far from civilization in order to get away from the LIFE noise and
adversity.
VII. In which sentence should the word ETERNAL be used instead of
CENTURY?
1) on long autumn evenings, the owner did not leave the room and in an unchanged
dressing gown, with an ETERNAL pipe in his teeth, sat by the window.
2) Dense thickets of bushes alternated with ETERNAL oak groves and
birch forests.
H) Among the ETERNAL human values, the most important for him was
honesty.
4) In areas of permafrost, houses are built according to special projects. 1. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form.
1) more beautiful
2) name day
H) less than seventy-five rubles
4) go tomorrow
2. Find an error in the formation of the word form.
1) more younger
2) lie down
H) without gold shoulder straps
4) two hundred paces
3. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form.
1) more than fifty rubles
2) their children
H) five saucers
4) lie down on the sofa
4. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form.
1) reading a story
2) less significant
C) in two thousand and five
4) go home 5. Indicate the error in the formation of the word form.
1) seventy ways
2) one hundred tons
C) run a hundred meters
4) the most interesting
6. Specify an example with an error in the formation of the form
the words.
1) delicious cakes
2) at the airport
H) younger brother
4) three hundred meters
7. Specify an example with an error in the formation of the form
the words.
1) coastal boats
2) get well soon
C) three brothers
4) new shoes 1. Choose a grammatically correct continuation
suggestions
Traveling by bike
1) the muscles of the legs and back develop.
2) Requires a lot of stamina.
C) you get great pleasure.
4) my headlight broke.
2. Indicate the sentence with a grammatical error (with
syntactic violation).
1) Schedule of repair work in the shops
plant was violated contrary to the instructions of the director.
2) Those who sat on the banks of the river more than once experienced neither
with which incomparable bliss.
H) A visitor, apparently a tourist, asked a passerby,
is there a post office nearby.
4) My sister likes to play the piano and sing in
chorus. 3. In which sentence is the subordinate clause of a complex subordinate
1) Princess Marya looked at Rostov with her radiant gaze,
which made her forget the ugliness of her face.
2) The era of reaction that came in Russia after the uprising
Decembrists, gave birth to people like Pechorin.
3) The troops of the First Russian Army, in which the sovereign was,
were located in a fortified camp near Drissa.
4) Among those present, Margarita immediately recognized Azazello,
who stood at the head of the bed.
4. In which sentence is the subordinate clause of a complex subordinate
sentences cannot be replaced by a separate definition,
pronounced participial turnover?
1) The biggest and noisiest company formed around Nina
Semyonovna, an elementary school teacher who for ten years
met all these guys on the threshold of the school.
2) The stones that now form the peaks of the Alps or the Himalayas,
once formed underwater.
3) The main source of energy for all living beings that
inhabit our planet, serves the energy of sunlight.
4) Both in summer and winter, the panorama that opens from the steep bank
Tsny, unique in its beauty.
