Women in Russian politics: from Novodvorskaya to Sobchak. The most influential women politicians and first ladies Russian women of politics of the 21st century
In fact, the rich countries of the world, which have developed economies, are ruled by women. Can you say coincidence? There are no accidents in history, there are only patterns.
We analyzed who owns the power in the strongest countries of Europe.
- England. Elizabeth II The Queen of Great Britain has been on the throne for 60 years. She is also the Supreme Commander of the country's Armed Forces. Formally, Elizabeth II is the most powerful monarch in the world. England is known for another woman who made a significant contribution to the history of the country - Margaret Thatcher. When in 1979 Margaret Thatcher was elected the first female prime minister, there were only 19 women out of 635 members of parliament in the British Parliament. Soon the ruling parties in the UK introduced gender quotas. In particular, the Labor Party has established clear rules for the selection of candidates in order to deprive women of any discrimination during elections. The Liberal Democratic Party proposed a "woman-man, woman-man" system for lists of candidates for parliamentary elections. Approximately 50% of all parliamentary seats they win are held by women.
- Denmark. Queen Margrethe II has been ruling the state for more than 40 years. By the way, the government of Denmark is also headed by a woman - Helle Thorning-Schmidt. The bill on gender quotas, according to which 40% of representatives in party lists belong to women, was adopted back in 1988. Denmark is one of the highly developed countries of the world and plays an important role in the global economy. Danish gender equality legislation requires businesses to have an equal number of men and women in their management bodies. Denmark has a Council on the Status of Men and Women, which controls that men and women have equal wages, can take parental leave, etc.
- Netherlands. Queen of the Netherlands Beatrix has ruled the country for over thirty years. Her profile adorns the Dutch euro coins and is featured on all Netherlands guilders. Interestingly, this country has been ruled by women for more than 100 years, there is even a national holiday - Queen's Day, which is celebrated especially solemnly. Surprisingly, the Netherlands in the 60s and 70s of the last century had underdeveloped legislation in the field of gender equality, and in 1990 became a leader in the number of women in leadership positions. This was facilitated by a number of legislative initiatives, as well as the active cooperation of women's organizations with parliament and government officials. An Emancipation Council was created to oversee the policy of gender equality. There are at least 40% of women parliamentarians in the Netherlands. The country has a prosperous and open economy. It is characterized by stable industrial ties, slight inflation, and a significant foreign trade surplus. The modern Netherlands occupies the fourteenth place in the world economy in terms of GDP and eighth in terms of exports.
The opinion that women have nothing to do in politics has already become stereotypical. Men believe that the weaker sex should stay at home and raise children. Great accomplishments must be left to the second half, the stronger one. However, history regularly refutes this thesis. It turns out that for hundreds of centuries women regularly came to power, sometimes exerting a significant influence on the fate of states.
And it does not matter that politics is considered a game without rules, that the strongest survive here. "Weak" women can show steel will, loyalty to principles, foresight and cunning. We are not surprised today by women prime ministers, women chancellors and women presidents. But here are the names of those ladies who left the most significant mark in politics, skillfully showing themselves in public office.
Cleopatra. In 51 BC. Pharaoh Ptolemy XII died. According to his will, power in the country passed to his daughter Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIV. The boy at that time was only 9 years old, his sister immediately married him in order to have the right to reign. Cleopatra remained in history as a beautiful, educated and intelligent woman. She managed to become a real legend. Cleopatra knew how to charm people, which helped her in the struggle for power. She managed to persuade Gaius Julius Caesar to return the throne to her, in return, giving the Roman her love. Soon Caesar would be killed, and Cleopatra chose Mark Antony as her new patron and lover. This woman's love went hand in hand with her power struggle. A calm reign was hampered by constant intrigues in her entourage. Emperor Octavian persuaded Cleopatra to abdicate her throne, promising to preserve the rights of her children. However, the proud queen refused. Speaking with her beloved against Rome, she lost the fight. Anthony committed suicide, the inconsolable widow died from the bite of a snake brought to her by servants. Several centuries have passed, but Cleopatra remains a legendary politician. The woman mixed her feelings and the attitudes of powerful powers, she fought for her throne and the freedom of her country, failing. This is what made her image so tragic and memorable.
Duchess Olga. This Grand Duchess (baptized Elena) ruled Kievan Rus after the death of her husband, Prince Igor Rurikovich. Olga herself was either from the Pskov region, from an humble Varangian family, or from a wealthy Slavic family. The chronicle says that in 945 Prince Igor died while exacting tribute from the Drevlyans. His son, Svyatoslav, was only three years old at that time. So Olga became the actual ruler of Kievan Rus. She became famous for her cruelty. So, for the death of her husband, the princess took revenge on the Drevlyans four times, suppressing any attempts of resistance by force. Having come to power, Olga pursued a course to strengthen the power of Kyiv among the Slavic tribes. The ruler laid the foundation for stone town planning in Rus'. In 947, the ruler replaced the former polyudyas with the established tribute for the Drevlyans and Novgorodians - graveyards were created. Collectors stopped there and collected tribute. According to chronicles, in 957 Princess Olga was baptized in Constantinople. As a result, she is revered as a saint. After all, she was the first of the Russian rulers to accept Christianity, even before the Baptism of Rus'. The churchyards she created became the basis for the first temples. Olga died in 969 and was buried according to the Christian rite. In the annals, her image was preserved as a forerunner of Christianity in Rus', she shone like the moon in the night among the pagans.
Queen Tamara. In 1178, at the age of 12, Tamara was crowned as co-ruler of her father, George III. The king did not have an heir and the situation in the country was heating up. After the death of the ruler, Tamara was crowned again, in 1184. First of all, the queen began to restore order in church life and in governing the country. Officials and hierarchs who abused their position were dismissed, the fate of the peasants was alleviated, and duties were removed from the church. Tamara went down in history as a wise, beautiful woman. She was industrious and religious. The queen chose the words as her motto: "I am the father of the orphans and the judge of widows." She managed to bring peace within the country, during her reign there was not a single case of corporal punishment or the death penalty. Together with her husbands, Tamara led an active offensive foreign policy, winning wars. Having ensured the dominance of the country in Asia Minor, Tamara gathered at her court a circle of writers who developed the Georgian language. Contemporaries wrote laudatory odes about the queen, extolling her talents. After Tamara's death in 1209-1213, the local church canonized her as a saint.
Joan of Arc. This woman managed to become a national heroine of France, saving the country from conquest. The Maid of Orleans was born in 1412 in the village of Domremy, in northeastern France. At the age of 13, the girl heard the voices of the saints, and then she saw them. They told Jeanne that she was destined to lift the siege from the city of Orleans, to elevate the king to the throne and drive the invaders from the country. At the age of 17, she went to fulfill her destiny. The girl was able to convince the Dauphin that she was sent to him by heaven. As a result, Charles VII gave her troops and appointed her commander in chief. Joan of Arc quickly defeated the British at Orleans, which seemed impossible. After a series of victories, Charles VII was crowned at Reims in the presence of the Maid of Orleans. The southwest of France was liberated from the invaders. The course of the Hundred Years War finally changed. Joan of Arc was captured by the British in 1430. A fictitious court accused the girl of witchcraft and on May 30, 1431 she was burned at the stake. Despite her short life, Joan of Arc did a lot. Even her death did not help the British - France rallied and in 1453 finally expelled the invaders, ending the Hundred Years War. Subsequently, Joan of Arc was officially acquitted, becoming one of the most significant characters in the history of the country.
Roksolana. Anastasia Lisovskaya was born in Rogatin in 1506. Her fate was sad and rather ordinary until that time. The Tatars kidnapped the girl and sold the slave to the Turks. So Anastasia ended up in the harem of Prince Suleiman. In 1520, he came to the throne, and the Sultan made him his beloved wife and even lived with her in a monogamous marriage, which was a unique case for the Ottoman dynasty. Roksolana received the name Alexandra Anastasia Lisowska, which means "cheerful." Through intrigue, she got rid of her rivals, essentially becoming a co-ruler of the Sultan. Suleiman himself spent most of his time on military campaigns, his wife ruled the country, completely immersed in public affairs. Historians recall that Roksolana was the most educated person, she received ambassadors, answered letters from other rulers, and patronized the arts. The woman appeared in society with an open face, however, the figures of Islam considered her a true Muslim. Thanks to Roksolana, new mosques appeared in Istanbul. The woman gave birth to the Sultan 6 children, her son Selim, thanks to the intrigues of his mother, became the heir to the throne. Many novels have been written about Roksolana, television films have been made, plays have been staged and music has been written. A cunning woman politician managed to achieve unprecedented influence in a conservative state.
Queen Elizabeth. It so happened that the golden age in the history of England is associated precisely with a woman politician. Elizabeth became the last representative of the Tudor dynasty on the throne of the country. She was born in 1558, being crowned at the age of 25. By that time, Elizabeth decided never to marry, because her father's behavior made the girl treat men in a peculiar way. So she eventually went down in history as a virgin queen. Despite her detachment from the struggle for power, Elizabeth ascended the throne - the rest of the heirs died. At that time, she was a woman in her prime, looking younger than her years and not exhausted by numerous births and miscarriages. One of the first decrees of the new queen was the "Act of Uniformity", which reconciled Catholics and Protestants and helped to avoid civil war. Under Elizabeth, England finally turned into a great maritime power. With the blessing of the queen, English pirates plundered Spanish ships. England founded its first colony in North America. During the reign of Elizabeth, the Invincible Armada was defeated. The queen established close relations with Russia, she is the only woman with whom Ivan the Terrible corresponded. By decree of Elizabeth, the East India Company was created, which helped to colonize India and the eastern countries. The Queen patronized the arts, Bacon and Shakespeare worked under her, and the Royal Troupe was created. Elizabeth the First died in 1603, remaining in the history of England the greatest ruler.
Catherine the Great. Sophie Frederica Augusta of Anhalt-Zerbst was born in 1729. At the age of 15, she was betrothed to the heir to the Russian throne, Peter Fedorovich, who was the nephew of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna. Despite her origins, Catherine actively opposed the pro-Prussian course of her husband, Emperor Peter III. In 1762, a coup d'état was carried out, led by Catherine's lover, Count Orlov. Peter III was arrested and soon died. So his wife was proclaimed Empress Catherine II. She remained in the history of the country the greatest ruler. Thanks to this extraordinary woman, Russia has become a significant power. The country pursued a policy of enlightened absolutism. Catherine herself was an educated and intelligent woman, corresponded with Voltaire, actively participated in all matters. Under this empress, the country received a million new citizens, parts of Poland, Lithuania, Crimea, Courland joined the country. Russia finally established its influence in the Black Sea. The army doubled, and state revenues quadrupled. Domestic politics also played a significant role. So, private printing houses appeared in the country, in 1783 the Academy of Russian Literature was founded, the first bookstore opened, the population began to receive medical assistance. The country has grown culturally, science and national literature have made a sharp leap. Catherine II died in 1796. For 34 years in power, she managed to make Russia a great and influential power.
Indira Gandhi. This woman was born in 1917. She served twice as Prime Minister, in 1966-1977 and 1980-1984. This wise politician was called the conscience of the nation. Indira was the only daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru, the leader of the nation and the country's first prime minister. After the death of her father, Indira got into parliament from his party, the Indian National Congress. After the death of Lal Shastri, the country's second prime minister, Indira Gandhi leads the party and becomes head of state. After the split of the INC, a woman led an independent party, winning elections with her in 1971 under the slogan of combating poverty. During the years of Indira Gandhi's rule, she pursued a course of rapprochement with the USSR, banks were nationalized, industry developed at an accelerated pace. The first nuclear power plant was launched in the state of Maharashta. In agriculture, under Gandhi, a “green revolution” took place - the country got rid of the need to purchase food. Thanks to the woman politician, the intensity of interreligious conflicts decreased, but she also had to resort to unpopular measures - pressure on the opposition, forced sterilization of the population. Due to a political scandal, Indira lost power, soon returning to her post again. The second term of the premier's reign was overshadowed by her confrontation with the Sikh people. They managed to take revenge on their offender - on October 31, 1984, Indira Gandhi was killed by her own bodyguards.
Margaret Thatcher. This man has become a classic female politician, serving as an ideal for many. Margaret was born in 1925. She was educated as a chemist and later as a lawyer. At 34, a woman enters parliament, and in 1970 she receives the post of Minister of Education and Science. In 1975, Thatcher became the leader of the Conservative Party, the first time in the history of the country when a woman headed one of the main parties. After winning the election in 1979, Thatcher became prime minister. In her post, the woman faced many problems. She believed Britain was in decline. So, in the social field, in health care and education, there was a clear division into people of the first and second grade. The voters did not appreciate the increase in unemployment with the stagnation in the economy, but in 1982 the country held a victorious war in the Falklands. Economic growth allowed Thatcher to be re-elected in both 1983 and 1987. However, the tough tax policy and views on the place of England in the European Union did not find understanding in their own party. As a result, in 1990, Margaret Thatcher left her post. Her hard line on the European Union has brought Britain to the brink of international isolation. After all, Thatcher characterized an authoritarian style that did not correspond to the classic skillful and quirky British diplomacy. However, the manner of doing business of the iron lady is still envied today, trying to imitate. Margaret Thatcher led a sharp criticism of the Soviet regime, embodying a number of conservative measures that became part of her policy, "Thatcherism". The classic manifestation of her character was the miners' strike in 1984-1985. Thatcher foresaw this situation, preparing for it. Coal reserves were accumulated, and possible fuel imports into the country were prepared. When the strike began, the authorities held a firm position. 11 million British union members hated the prime minister for his unwillingness to negotiate. However, the iron lady did not flinch, and the strikers were forced to return to work.
Benazir Bhutto. This woman is the latest and classic example of how difficult it is for ladies in modern and "male" politics. She managed to become the first head of government in a conservative Muslim country in recent history. Benazir was born in Karachi in 1953, from childhood she was given freedom unimaginable for Pakistan - she was allowed not to wear a veil, she was given the opportunity to get a good education. Benazir returned from America to the country in 1977, her father by that time had managed to visit both the president and the prime minister. It was planned that the woman would become a diplomat, but she decided to help her father in his political career. During the coup, the family was arrested. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was executed, while Benazir herself went into exile. In 1988, the Pakistan People's Party led by Bhutto won, she himself became prime minister, largely due to the popularity of her father in the country. The prime minister was able to increase spending on health care and education, but was forced to leave her post in the course of a bribe scandal from her husband, the finance minister. In 1993, Benazir Bhutto again won the election. The woman promised to defeat corruption and poverty. And again the situation repeated itself. Illiteracy was reduced by a third, polio was finally defeated, water and electricity appeared in the villages. Investments increased many times over, the country's economy grew rapidly. In 1996, the woman was named the most popular politician of the year, she was awarded an honorary doctorate from Oxford. However, corruption flourished in the country even more. After her resignation and emigration, Benazir Bhutto returned to Pakistan. She was not afraid of threats from al-Qaeda and Taliban radicals to kill her. In December 2007, two assassination attempts were made on a brave woman, the second was fatal. The assassination of the former prime minister shocked the world community. Even the UN Security Council adopted a special resolution condemning the assassination of a prominent politician.
There are currently 22 women among the world's heads of state and government, including two queens, ten presidents, six prime ministers and four governors general. Most women leaders in Europe - ten, least of all in Oceania - two. In addition to the queens, the Governor-General of Saint Lucia, Perlette Luisi (since 1997), has been in the highest government post for the longest time.
Europe
Elizabeth II- Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland since 1952; head of the Commonwealth (the association includes 53 states, including Britain). In terms of length of stay on the throne, he ranks first among all British monarchs (64 years). In terms of the duration of being in power among all modern reigning persons, she is the second after the King of Thailand, Bhumibol Adulyadej (66 years old). Initiated numerous reforms of the British system of succession. The portrait of Elizabeth II is depicted on the banknotes of more than 30 countries. Husband - Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. There are four children in the family: Charles, Prince of Wales; Princess Anna; Prince Andrew, Duke of York; Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex.
Theresa May- Prime Minister of Great Britain since 2016. The second woman at the head of the British government after Margaret Thatcher (she held this post in 1979-1990). Also in 2010-2016. was the UK Home Secretary (the second woman in the history of the country in this position after Jackie Smith, who headed the ministry in 2007-2009). According to experts, May has been in this post longer than any of her predecessors since the end of World War II (in 1945-1951, the ministry was headed by James Ead). Mei's main passion is cooking, she has a collection of over 100 cookbooks. Spouse - Philip John May, an employee of the American trust company Capital Group Companies. Have no children.
Margrethe II- Queen of Denmark since 1972. She became the second woman on the Danish throne (her predecessor Margrethe I ruled the country in the early Middle Ages). Engaged in charitable activities. Many societies and foundations operate under her patronage, including the Royal Danish Scientific Society, the Royal Orphanage, national associations for the fight against tuberculosis and cancer. In 1975, she became the first European monarch to visit the USSR. Husband - Prince Consort Henrik of Denmark. The family has two children: Crown Prince Frederik and Prince Joachim.
Angela Merkel- Federal Chancellor of Germany since 2005, the first woman to hold this post. Three times in a row she was elected to the post of head of the German government. In 2016, for the 11th time, she topped the annual ranking of the most influential women according to the American Forbes magazine. Married to Joachim Sauer. The Chancellor has no children of his own.
Dalia Grybauskaite- President of Lithuania since 2009. She is the first woman in this post in the history of the country, as well as the first president to be re-elected for a second term. The media called her the "Iron Lady" and compared her to Margaret Thatcher. Has a black belt in karate. Single.
Maria Luisa Coleiro Preca- President of Malta since 2014. She became the youngest president of the republic (54 years old) and the second woman in this post. Married to Edgar Preca and has a daughter.
Erna Solberg- Prime Minister of Norway since 2013. The second woman in this post in the history of the country and the first Prime Minister from the Conservatives since 1990. Spouse - Sindre Finnes. There are two daughters in the family.
Beata Shidlo- Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland since 2015. The third woman in this position in the history of the country. Married to Edward Shidlo, two sons.
Kolinda Grabar-Kitarovic- President of Croatia since 2015. She became the youngest president (46 years old) and the first woman in this post in the history of the country. Spouse - Yakov Kitarovich. There are two children in the family - a son and a daughter.
Kersti Kaljulaid- President of Estonia since 2016. The first woman in this post in the history of the country. Knows English, French, Finnish and Russian. Married for the second time. Spouse - Georg-Rene Maksimovsky. The family has a daughter and three sons (daughter and eldest son from the first marriage).
Asia
Park Geun Hye- President of the Republic of Korea since 2013, the first woman in this post in the history of the country. Daughter of former President Park Chung-hee (1962-1979). For her role in the success of the conservative party "Sanuri" in the elections of various levels, she received the nickname "Queen of the Elections". Never married, no children.
Bidhya Devi Bhandari- President of Nepal since 2015. She became the first female president and supreme commander of the state. Widow, mother of two children.
Sheikh Hasina Wazed- the second woman in the history of the People's Republic of Bangladesh to head the government (1996-2001, 2009-present). Daughter of Mujibur Rahman - the first prime minister (1972-1975) and president (1975) of the state. Survived more than 30 attempts, as a result of one of them (August 21, 2004), according to various estimates, from 19 to 24 people died. Widow, mother of two children.
Africa
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf- President of Liberia since 2006. The first female president in the history of Africa, the oldest woman at the head of state or government (77 years). The only one among the current female heads of state is the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (for her contribution to the non-violent struggle for the security and protection of women's rights and participation in peacekeeping, 2011). In 2012, she was included in the list of the hundred most influential women in the world according to Forbes magazine. Divorced, has four children.
Amina Gharib-Fakim- President of the Republic of Mauritius since 2015. The first woman and the first professor in this post. Doctor of Chemistry, specialist in the study of the flora of the Mascarene Islands and its use in medicine and pharmacology. Author and editor-in-chief of more than 20 monographs and about 100 scientific articles. Married to Anwar Fakim, has a son and a daughter.
Sara Kugongelwa-Amadila- Prime Minister of Namibia since 2015. She became not only the first woman in this post, but also the youngest head of government in the history of the state (at the time of taking office she was 47 years old).
Latin America
Marguerite Pindling- Governor General of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas since 2014. She was married to former Prime Minister Linden Pindling (1967-1992, died in 2000), during whose reign the Bahamas became an independent state (1973). Mother of four children.
Cecile La Grenade- Governor General of Grenada since 2013. The first woman in this post. By specialty - technologist of food products.
Perlette Louisi- Governor General of Saint Lucia since 1997. The first female head of state in the history of the country. She made a great contribution to the development of education in Saint Lucia.
Michelle Bachelet- the first female president of Chile (2006-2010, 2014-present). She was previously Minister of Health (2000-2002) and Minister of Defense of Chile (2002-2004, the first woman to hold this position in the history of Chile and Latin America). Divorced, three children.
Oceania
Hilda Hine- President of the Marshall Islands since January 2016. She is the first woman in this post, as well as the first and so far the only citizen of the Marshall Islands with a doctoral degree. Leads an active fight for the rights of women in Oceania. Founder of the advocacy group "Women of the Marshall Islands". Her election was an important event for the whole of Oceania, where women's participation in political life is still limited. Married, four children.
Patsy Reddy- Governor General of New Zealand since 2016. Lawyer specializing in tax, corporate and film law. For a long time she worked in senior positions in a number of New Zealand private and public companies. Husband - David Gascoigne, also a lawyer.
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At the word "politician" we have an image of an elderly man in a suit, and in this area we are accustomed not to take the fair sex seriously or forget about them at all.
website I decided to break these stereotypes and introduce you to 10 women politicians who are able to prove that beauty, intelligence and strong character can be harmoniously combined in one person.
Mara Carfanya
Maria Rosaria (Mara) Carfagna is an Italian politician, former fashion model and TV presenter. She began her political path in 2004 - she took one of the seats in the Forza Italia party, where she fought for women's rights.
Also, at the initiative of Carfagni, a bill was adopted in 2008, according to which prostitution was considered a crime that was punishable by a fine for both parties. Among the people, Mara Carfanya received the affectionate nickname Mara La Bella (Beautiful Mara).
Carmen Kass
President of the Estonian Chess Union (2004–2011). The girl has been fond of chess since childhood and tries to popularize them by her own example. As head of the Chess Union, she was actively involved in the campaign to promote Tallinn as the venue for the Chess Olympiad. Now Carmen Kass is still a member of the Chess Union and, if the opportunity arises, she participates in competitions.
Setrida Giga
An incredibly beautiful woman and a popular politician in Lebanon. Setris was able to resist Syrian dominance in Lebanon and won the respect of the majority of citizens.
She got into politics in 1994, at that time the Lebanese parties were disbanded, and Setrid's husband was imprisoned. She fought for the release of her husband and the citizens of the country from political intimidation, arrests and persecution. The struggle took 11 years, and in 2005 her husband was released. Since then, the couple has run annually for local government from the Lebanese Forces party.
Queen Rania al-Abdullah
Rania al-Abdullah - Queen of Jordan, wife of King Abdullah II. As head of the Jordan Foundation, an NGO she founded in 1995, the Queen helps women to participate in the economic life of the country and create new companies.
She advocates for women's rights, initiated a massive campaign against child abuse, created the first center for victims of abuse and contributes to the improvement of interaction between state bodies and local organizations involved in the protection of families.
Christina Elizabeth Fernandez de Kirchner
Cristina Elisabeth Fernandez de Kirchner - President of Argentina from December 10, 2007 to December 10, 2015. Among the many merits of Christina, the most important: reducing the influence of oligarchic clans and the media under their control (the Clarín group), the hierarchs of the Catholic Church, the traditionally strong military and trade union bureaucracy.
Argentina got rid of the burden of external debt and accumulated an impressive reserve fund from the proceeds from the export of agricultural products.
The pension system was nationalized, payments to support the family and motherhood were introduced, and unemployment fell sharply. Plans to run for president again in 2019.
Orly Levy
Orly Levy-Abukasis - fashion model, TV presenter, Israeli politician. The main goal in politics is solving problems with difficult teenagers, return of free circles, extending free dental care to an ever wider segment of the population, subsidizing kindergarten fees, narrowing the gap between rich and poor, the problem of social housing.
In this regard, the topic that concerns her - children who have become victims of crimes by adults - has grown into a bill. It states that the court assigns compensation to the injured family, which the state must pay, and then it will recover the entire amount from the offender.
Rabbi Dholla
Liberal Party of Canada member Rabi Dholla served in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2011.
In 1984, during the conflict in India, Rabi wrote a letter to Indian Prime Minister Gandhi asking stop hostilities in Punjab. At that time she was only 10 years old. Part-time, she starred in some films in Bollywood.
Eve Kylie
At the age of 24, Eva was first elected to the City Council of Thessaloniki. She is a member of the Greek Parliament, a member of the National Defense and Foreign Affairs Committee.
Eva holds a position in the organization, defending the rights of the Greeks outside their homeland. Before entering politics, Eva worked as a journalist and TV presenter, making stories for the main channel in Greece - Mega Channel.
Kirsten Gillibrand
Kirsten Gillibrand is an American politician and junior New York state senator since 2009. Kirsten fought for women's rights, better health care, and 911 benefits.
She provides legal services to women in politics and protects members of sexual minorities. Gillibrand is known for handling sexual assault cases on university campuses and in the military.
Known for its transparency policy, first proposed to publish for free access schedules of official visits and public events, information about the personal finances of politicians, public procurement of goods and tax returns online. - a campus in the suburbs of the capital on an area of 2,500 acres, where leading professors of American universities read lectures to students. Actively encourages the activities of the leading television network Al Jazeera.
The stereotype that politics is the destiny of men is easy to refute, remembering the history - the fate of states was decided by women no less often than representatives of the stronger sex. On Russia Day, ELLE compiled a list of women in power who play an important role in the political and secular arena.
Valentina Matvienko, 65 years old
Chairman of the Federation Council Valentina Matvienko has not left the first lines of the rating of the most influential women in Russia according to Forbes for several years. Matvienko did not work for a single day in her specialty - a pharmacist: immediately after graduating from the Cherkasy Medical School with a red diploma, she was invited to become the first secretary of the district committee of the Komsomol. This was followed by a party post in the Foreign Ministry, work in the government of the Russian Federation and the post of governor of St. Petersburg.
Popular fame came to Matvienko thanks to the catchphrase: "Icicles in St. Petersburg should not be knocked down with crowbars - lasers can be used for this." Using the word "icicles" instead of "icicles", the governor of the Northern capital has generated a wave of memes on the Web and even became a comic book character.
Valentina Matvienko is fond of tennis and dancing. In matters of style, the ex-governor of St. Petersburg prefers radical solutions - large jewelry and bright makeup.
Natalya Timakova, 39 years old
The career of the future employee of the presidential administration, Natalya Timakova, began with journalism. While still a student, the 20-year-old student of the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University got a job as a correspondent for the political department in the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper, and then successfully coped with this work in Kommersant and Interfax. The turning point for Timakova was the post of press secretary to Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, offered to her in 1999, and subsequent career growth. Today, Natalya Timakova is Dmitry Medvedev's press secretary and right hand.
Timakova spends her leisure time on a royal scale. Courchevel, Grand Hotel a Villa Feltrinelli - one careless check-in, and the public is aware of where the political elite of Russia rests. And what to hide - he has the right!
Tatyana Golikova, 48 years old
The Chairman of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation, Tatyana Golikova, is another well-known figure among Russian women politicians. Recall at least the nicknames that Tatyana was awarded by colleagues in the workshop: “Trugolikova” (for working capacity), “budget queen” (she remembers all the figures of the federal budget by heart), and also “Miss Arbidol” - for suspicion of promoting the drug as Minister of Health and social development. But neither numerous "titles" nor criticism of the chief pediatrician Leonid Roshal against Golikova's reforms prevented the former minister from moving to work in the Kremlin along with the rest of President Putin's team.
Olga Golodets, 52 years old
Before becoming Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation, Olga Golodets, a graduate of Moscow State University and a candidate of economic sciences, worked for a long time in holdings owned by Mikhail Prokhorov: in Norilsk Nickel, the ONEXIM investment fund, and later in the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, which was also headed by a businessman.
In 2010, Golodets joined the Moscow government as Deputy Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, and in 2012 became Dmitry Medvedev's Deputy for Social Policy. In the political arena, Golodets made herself known in December 2012: the Deputy Prime Minister wrote a letter to President Putin criticizing the “Dima Yakovlev law”, which prohibits the adoption of Russian children by foreigners.
Elvira Nabiullina, 50 years old
The top five successful women politicians in Russia are closed by the chairman of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Elvira Nabiullina. Graduate of Moscow State University. Lomonosova was fond of economics from the very beginning: she was engaged in the economic policy of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs, then for a long time headed the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and as a result became an adviser to the president and head of the Central Bank. Insiders remember the name of Nabiullina in connection with the development of the scandalous Federal contract system, which was supposed to replace the public procurement system.
Maria Kozhevnikova, 29 years old
The star of the series "Univer" Maria Kozhevnikova manages to do everything: raise her newborn son Vanya, bear the title of the sexiest woman in Russia, participate in filming and State Duma debates from United Russia. Who exactly managed to win the heart of such an active girl is not known for certain: the actress and deputy, unlike her on-screen role as a textbook blonde, keeps the secrets of her personal life under lock and key.
Alina Kabaeva, 31 years old
One of the most titled athletes in the country, Alina Kabaeva, proved by her example that the life of champions does not end with the gold of the Olympics. In the past, a gymnast, and now a State Duma deputy from United Russia, is one of the most discussed people in the political arena. And it’s not at all about Alina’s soft oriental beauty and not about her career achievements - Kabaeva’s personal life causes such a resonance in society that it’s time to recall similar stories in the biography of Marilyn Monroe. Kabaeva does not comment on the scandalous rumors about the novel of the highest flight. Meanwhile, her star and political rating is stable - in any A-lists she is the number one heroine.
Svetlana Zhurova, 42 years old
Svetlana Zhurova has become another bright figure among sportswomen-politicians. The Olympic champion of the Games in Turin is known not only for her virtuoso ice skating, but also for her active political position. In 2007, the champion finally left the sport, becoming a member of the United Russia faction, five years later she was elected a senator of the Kirov region, and then returned to the valiant ranks of parliament deputies.
Unfortunately, Zhurova's marriage turned out to be incompatible with political activity: after 12 years of family life, Svetlana divorced her husband, tennis player Artem Chernenko. Now the champion sits in the State Duma, solves various sports issues and is generally at ease. At the same time, Zhurova's journalistic career went uphill: she liked the role of a sports columnist at the Ekho Moskvy radio station no less than the consideration of new laws.
Svetlana Khorkina, 35 years old
The two-time Olympic champion in gymnastics has achieved all sorts of ranks and titles in sports and has also channeled her limitless potential into the political sphere. For several years, Svetlana "grew up" to the prestigious position of assistant to the Control Directorate of the President of the Russian Federation. The personal life of the gymnast, however, is no less classified than work in a closed service. The name of the father of Svetlana's child also remains a mystery. According to one version, he is businessman Kirill Shubsky, husband of actress Vera Glagoleva. However, the scandalous story is in the past - today Svetlana's personal life is calm and serene.
Natalia Virtuozova, 36 years old
The political activity of Natalia Virtuozova began with work as an editor in the press service of United Russia. A lucky ticket and a party position to a graduate student of the Faculty of Journalism at MGIMO was helped by the dean. The proposal to head that same press service was not long in coming. Next - a year in the Duma and the post of deputy chairman of the government near Moscow. Could an ambitious student predict such an alignment? Of course yes. Indeed, until now, after years of work in the state apparatus, Natalya is convinced that there is nothing more interesting in the world than politics.
