Electronic teaching aids. Preparation for GIA and USE in German. Learning German - Tutor Exam example in German

MUNICIPAL AUTONOMOUS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION "SECONDARY EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL

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Preparation for the written part of the exam in German. Success strategy.

Prepared by a German teacher
the highest qualification category

MAOU SOSH №25

Reznik T.I.

Balakovo 27.03. 2016

The Unified State Exam in German is one of the elective exams for school graduates. In terms of its structure and complexity, it practically does not differ from other final exams in foreign languages. The main difficulty of this exam lies in the large number of tasks - 46 with a very limited time - 180 minutes (3 hours). Thus, one task takes a little less than four minutes.

After reviewing the general information about the exam, you can start preparing right away. The version of the KIM USE in 2016 does not differ significantly from last year, now the passing score has increased, and the number of tasks has decreased.

Assessment of the exam in German

As in most exams in foreign languages, the minimum score for the German language is 17 primary points, which when translated into test scores is 22. To overcome the threshold with minimum points, it is enough to score 17 primary points, which is equivalent to 17 correctly solved tasks from section 3 or 2 and 3.

The structure of the exam in German

In 2016, the test consists of four sections, including 40 items.

Section 1: Listening (1-9), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.

Section 2: Reading (10-18), the answers to the tasks are a number or a sequence of numbers.

Section 3: Grammar and Vocabulary (19–38), the answer to the assignment is a number, a word or several words written without spaces and punctuation marks.

Section 4: Writing (39-40), consists of two tasks - writing a personal letter and a statement with elements of reasoning.

The tasks of the unified state examination are divided into 3 categories - A, B and C.

The tasks of part A represent the so-called multiple choice, where three or four answer options are offered to each question, and from the proposed options you need to choose one correct one.

Part B is somewhat more complicated, here there may be tasks of two main types: a) fill in the gaps in the text, putting the proposed option in the correct grammatical form; b) given, for example, six texts and seven headings to them - you need to find an extra one and correlate the remaining ones. Answers are already given here, only you need to put them in the correct grammatical form, or correlate the answers with the questions, discarding the extra option.

Part C is already aerobatics, here you need to compose a coherent structured text yourself, using the grammar and vocabulary correctly.

The total exam time is 180 minutes.

Sounds intimidating. But in reality it is not so. There are certain tricks for how you can best cope with each type of task and save time. We will look at what tasks can occur in each part and how best to solve them.

1. Listening

This part mainly tests how well you understand German by ear. The speaker will repeat each task twice with a pause of about 15 seconds.

Success strategy : go over the questions of the assignment to the text and answers before listening! At the time when it will be said in Russian “Now you will be doing listening tasks. Each text will sound twice ... "You can not listen to this, but read the assignments themselves! So instead of the prescribed 20 seconds, there will be several times more time to read the questions and answer options to them. Sometimes even without hearing the text, one can assume that one of the options is incorrect, because it simply sounds too illogical.

If the student has two similar options that differ from each other in one small detail, you should pay attention to this detail - perhaps this is where the authors of the assignment wanted to catch you!

Example: Wo wollte Peter nach seinem Studium arbeiten?

1) bei einem Automobilhersteller in Deutschland

2) bei einem großem Autokonzern in den USA

3) in der großen Autowerkstatt bei seinem Vater

The logic of reasoning: Option number three sounds rather illogical - in the first two options the emphasis is on the country - Deutschland or USA, most likely one of them will be correct. But in the third version, as well as in the second, there is the word “groß”, perhaps here they wanted to catch you. Therefore, when listening, even if individual words are not clear, or synonyms are used in the text (for example, Produzent instead of Hersteller, or Unternehmen instead of Konzern) - we pay attention to a) country, b) place - manufacturing plant or workshop. This approach saves a lot of time and allows you to focus your attention!

They will also give you a few sentences to listen to, which will need to be correlated with headings or topics. Then a dialogue will sound, to which you will be offered tasks to choose from according to the principle richtig / falsch / steht nicht im Text. And at the end there will be an interview, after which 9-10 questions will follow, where you will need to choose one correct answer out of three options.

The main thing is to concentrate on listening and carefully transfer the correct options to the answer form! The announcers will read the text clearly, twice, even if some word remains incomprehensible, you should not panic, the task can certainly be solved without this word! And - we gain time to read the questions with the help of a little trick, which was already mentioned above.

2. Reading

In this section, it will be checked whether the student is able to understand the written text well, which is already clear from the title of this part. Most people understand the written text more easily than by ear, so everyone copes with this part of the exam without problems.

In the first task, you will need to choose the correspondence between small texts (5-6 lines in volume) and headings to them. One heading will be superfluous, so the authors of the exam will deliberately formulate them so that it seems like two headings fit the same text. You should think about where the catch is and why one of the two similar options is wrong.

Success strategy: first, fluently read the questions with answers, then the text! When reading the text, we do not try to understand literally and translate each sentence - we grasp the meaning! We look where words and phrases from the questions are found in the text and what is said for each of the questions. Maybe the answer to the first question will be found only in the second paragraph of the text, and you have already been reading the second sentence from the first paragraph for five minutes in the third circle - in vain! Therefore, it is important to first familiarize yourself with the questions, and only then start reading the text itself.

3. Grammar and vocabulary

Everything is simple here - no dirty tricks, a minimum of interpretation, a maximum of pure knowledge of grammar and understanding of vocabulary. In tasks B4-B10, sentences and words will be given to them, which must be substituted in the blanks in the correct grammatical form.

for example, givensentence: Wo die Traumziele der Deutschen liegen, _________ man auf den Landeskarten des neu erschienenen Reiseführers "Destination 2013" von Marco Polo sehen.

And next to this sentence is the verb KÖNNEN, which needs to be inserted instead of a gap in the correct form. The man part already tells us that kann is the correct answer.

Tasks B11-B16 are similar to the previous ones, with the difference that first you need to transform the word: for example, make a verb from a noun with the same root (Arbeit - arbeiten, aufmerksam - Aufmerksamkeit, Frankreich - französisch, etc.), and then in the required grammatical form this word is inserted into the sentence.

for example, givenbeholdsuchsentence: Auch die ____________ Journalisten haben über die letzten Wahlen im Busndestag berichtet.

And next to it is the word FRANKREICH, from which we will first make the adjective französisch (because the noun in our phrase already exists - Journalisten), and then we will put this adjective in the desired form - französischen.

Finally, in the "grammar" part, there will be a few fairly simple questions from Part A, where you will need to choose one correct one from four options in the text with gaps (again, multiple choice).

We recommend spending about 40 minutes to complete the tasks in this section.

Success strategy : correctly and clearly, in accordance with the norms, enter your answers from part B into the answer form! Pay particular attention to the spelling ü, ö, ä and ß - to do this, read the instructions in advance! During preparation for the exam, you should also intensively repeat grammar - declension of nouns and adjectives, endings, plurals, exceptions to the rules (since they are most often caught!), Verb tense forms (especially in the past tense).

4. Letter

The written part consists of two tasks, where you will have a chance to demonstrate your level of knowledge of the German language in all its glory. Here the written text will be checked for compliance with the requirements specified in the assignment - volume, subject matter, structure. In addition, the choice of vocabulary and grammatical structures is very important! Mistakes will reduce the score, so it's better to write less, but better.

The first task of this part (C1) is a letter. Letters are formal (formal letters to strangers) and informal (letters to friends or acquaintances, postcards). They differ from each other, first of all, in their design: we will start a friendly letter with an informal greeting, we will address it to you, and finish informally as well. In this task, you will most likely be asked to write an answer to a letter from a friend or acquaintance from Germany (or a postcard). At the same time, the task, of course, will indicate what you will need to mention in your letter (for example, ask in more detail about an event, ask a few questions on a specific topic, etc.)

Success strategy : it is worth learning in advance the typical greetings and farewell phrases, pay special attention to the commas (in German, the punctuation rules differ from the Russian ones!). It is very important to follow the structure suggested by the examiners - if the assignment says that at the end you need to ask three questions on the topic, then you need to ask three questions, and not five or two. And always on the topic, in this case, questions like "How are you?" and "What's new?" will not be counted.

Here's an example of how you can start and end a letter:

Hallo Anna, / Liebe Anna,

danke für deinen letzten Brief und die Postkarte aus Berlin.

Hat mich sehr gefreut zu erfahren, dass ...

Freue mich bald von dir zu hören!

Viele Grüße / Liebe Grüße

Lena Iwanowa

In the second task of the written part C2, you will need to write a detailed statement (in fact, a mini-essay or essay) on the proposed topic. It will take into account how logical and structured the student expresses his thoughts and arguments - of course, in German. It is very important to adhere to the volume and structure suggested by the examiners, such as: introduction, main part (arguments for and against, your personal opinion), conclusion.

Success strategy : At home, be sure to practice writing well-reasoned texts on different topics. Just come up with abstracts on completely different topics (German: “You can't live without knowledge of German in the modern world”, the Internet: “Online learning opens a new era in education”, sports, and so on) and find arguments for and against in German. Having written such an essay ten times, firstly, you do not waste time building the text and selecting introductory phrases (because you already know by heart where you will start and how you will finish), and secondly, in general, you find arguments for and against faster. It is important to remember: there will be no time to write the entire text first completely on a draft, and then rewrite it on a draft copy without errors! Therefore, on the draft, we write only a sketch (plan) + the main arguments for and against, without introductory phrases!

Introductory phrases should come by themselves, after you've written a test essay for ten times. During such training, a set of phrases will be developed that can be used as a frame when writing any text of this type.

For example, you might start an essay by reformulating a question from an assignment in your own words and asking a rhetorical question like Stimmt das wirklich so?

The main part can be built using introductory phrases and constructions:

Erstens, ... Zweitens, ... Drittens, ...

Einerseits… .. Andererseits …… Außerdem….

Dafür spricht die Tatsache, dass ... Dagegen spricht, dass ...

Ein Argument dafür ist… .. Ein Argument dagegen ist / wäre, dass….

Counter-argumentscanprefacerhetoricala questiontype Was spricht gegen ....?orintroductoryin wordsandconstructions andererseits, eine andere Meinung ist / wäre, dagegen spricht die Tatsache, dass ...andothers.

By listing, let's say, threeargumentperandtwoargumentvs, need toweighprosandminuses: Wenn man die Vorteile und Nachteile vergleicht, kann man sehen, dass ... -andto expresshisopinion: Meiner Meinung nach,…. / Ich bin der Meinung, dass ... / Ich bin davon überzeugt, dass ...

ANDlastparagraph – conclusion: Zusammenfassend kann man sagen, dass ... / Zum Schluss möchte ich betonen, dass ...

Important: a clear structure will allow you not to be distracted from the main idea and not "pour water", as well as save time for logical transitions. The writing part is given 80 minutes, so it is important to correctly distribute this time and effort: for example, take 20-30 minutes for writing (20 minutes preparation and draft, 10 minutes to write on the clean copy). It is worth taking more time for an essay, say, 40-50 minutes (20-25 minutes for preparation and a rough sketch, 10 minutes for writing on a clean copy). In the remaining five minutes of the total time, it is worth rereading what you have written and correcting mistakes that caught your eye after one reading.

Preparation for the exam in German

Currently, the Unified State Exam is the main form of attestation in secondary schools in Russia. Therefore, schoolchildren and their parents want to be well prepared for this exam in order to be able to apply to the maximum number of universities, including those that require high and very high results in this exam.

Reasons for choosing to take the exam in the German language

• In addition, it should be noted that many people today choose to pass the exam in the German language, since there is less competition with the German language and thus the chance to enter a prestigious university increases exponentially.
• It should also be noted that today the German language is needed not only for the Unified State Exam, that is, for educational purposes, but also vitally necessary, since there are numerous German, Austrian and Swiss companies that are successfully developing on the Russian market, work in which involves good knowledge of the German language.

Thus, while preparing for the Unified State Exam in German, you not only have the opportunity to enter a prestigious university, but also get the opportunity to find a job in a large Western company.

Required language level for successful passing of the Unified State Exam in German

But it should be noted right away that the level of language proficiency required to successfully pass the exam is B1 / B2.

To get the maximum score, the language level should be close to B2.

In addition, not only knowledge of the language is important, but also knowledge of the exam format. Despite the fact that the USE format has been brought closer to the format of the exam for international certificates, there are still significant differences. Most students are not familiar with the format of international exams.

What is the Unified State Exam in German

At the moment, the USE in German includes four sections:

Listening,
reading,
grammar and vocabulary,
letter.

In 2009, it was decided to cancel one section of the Speaking exam. This section was reintroduced in 2015.

Now let's dwell in more detail on each part that is included in the exam in German.

Listening

This section of the examination work includes three tasks of different levels of difficulty and different types.

1) The first task is aimed at the ability to understand the main (general) content of the audio text.
2) The second task is aimed at testing the ability to understand in detail the content of the audio text. The main difficulty here is represented by tasks where you need to recognize whether the information was given in the text incorrectly or whether it was not said about it in the text. That is, the task is asked to indicate whether the statement was "true", "incorrect", "the text does not say."
3) The third task is aimed at testing the ability to extract purposefully given information from the text.

1) Have listening experience. Unfortunately, in schools today, very little attention is paid to this aspect, and therefore this section presents a certain difficulty for schoolchildren.
2) Be able to adapt to different conditions of listening to audio material. Exam recording may not be of very good quality, extraneous noise, etc. - you have to be ready for everything!
3) Be able to adapt to hearing voices of different timbres (female, male, child, low, high)
4) Have the skills of listening to the text of a monological and dialogical nature.
5) Possess strategies of global understanding (tasks of the first type), selective understanding (tasks of the second type) and detailed understanding (tasks of the third type) of the text.
6) Possess an active vocabulary within the framework necessary for the successful passing of the exam in German.

How to avoid mistakes while completing the tasks of the "Listening" section.

1) Read the assignments carefully. Misinterpreting the task leads to erroneous answers.
2) When performing tasks (A1-A7), do not try to understand the message of the text, concentrate your attention on the requested information! To successfully complete these tasks, you need to understand the difference between the answers "incorrect" and "the text does not say." The answer "does not say in the text" means that there is no information in the text on this issue
3) When performing tasks A8-A14, you must fully listen to the text and concentrate your attention to the end, since the answer may be at the very end of the text.
4) You need to be able to highlight key information and be able to weed out that information that leads away from the key. That is, you need to be able to focus on the basic information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main idea and essence of the statement.

Reading

This section of the examination paper also includes three tasks of different difficulty levels and of different types.
To successfully complete this part of the assignment, you must have experience in communication-oriented reading.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

The following skills are important here:
1) Ability to understand the general content of an informational text (tasks of the first type)
2) Ability to understand the text in detail.
3) Ability to purposefully extract the necessary information, that is, to use a selective reading strategy.

For the successful completion of these tasks, knowledge of the lexical material is naturally necessary. It is important to be able to ignore unfamiliar words that do not occupy key positions in the text and, therefore, are not important for understanding the text. It is also important to be able to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words in context. In tasks of the second type, a good command of grammatical material plays an important role.

How to avoid mistakes while completing tasks of the section "Reading".

1) In the tasks of the basic level (B2), you do not need to focus your attention on the encountered unfamiliar words - this takes time. Assignments of this type do not require a detailed understanding of the entire text. You should show a linguistic guess (understand the meaning of a word from the context), and in some cases ignore this unfamiliar word.
2) In tasks of an increased level of complexity, you need to be able to highlight key information and be able to filter out that information that leads away from the key. That is, you need to be able to focus on the basic information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main point and the essence of the statement.
3) In tasks B3, to be able to immediately see integral grammatical structures, which immediately narrows and facilitates the choice of the appropriate part of the sentence.

Grammar and vocabulary

This section tests the linguistic competence of the subjects, that is, their command of the grammatical and lexical resources of the German language. Like all tasks, these tasks also have a communicative focus.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

1) Tasks of the basic and advanced levels of complexity pose the task of testing the skill of using the basic grammatical forms of the German language in context. The subjects should be able to make grammatical transformation of the original form of the verb, adjective, noun.
2) When performing tasks, be able to rely on the context.
3) To be able to use the strategy of probabilistic forecasting, that is, without seeing the answers themselves, suggest which lexeme can fill the corresponding gap in the sentence.

For the successful completion of these tasks, it is naturally necessary to know the lexical material in the required volume. The lexical unit should be learned with the entire set of grammatical parameters (noun gender, declension type, basic verb forms, verb control, etc.). Know the necessary synonyms, as well as those cases when these synonyms cannot be substituted, for example. "Wissen" - "kennen", "anbieten" - "vorschlagen", etc.

How to avoid mistakes while completing tasks of the section "Grammar and vocabulary".

1) When completing tasks B4-B10, it is imperative to read the entire text, since this is a coherent text, to determine at what time the narration goes. Very often, the verb form is put in the wrong tense form. This recommendation also applies to tasks B 11-B16 and A22-A28.
2) The main difficulty here is the conjugation of strong and modal verbs, the formation of plural nouns, the weak and strong declension of adjectives, the formation of degrees of comparison.
3) When performing tasks A22-A28, it is necessary to take into account not only the lexical meaning of the word, but also its grammatical parameters (gender of the noun, verb control, etc.). This grammatical hint allows you to choose the correct answer right away.

Letter

The section "Letter" includes the task of the basic level C1 and the task of increased complexity C2.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

Part C1.

1) To be able to correctly implement your communicative intentions with the help of linguistic means: expressing greetings / goodbyes, expressing wishes, congratulations, joy, etc., giving advice, presenting events, etc.
2) Be able to correctly draw up a letter.
3) Possess conventions of politeness and propriety.

Part C2.

1) Be able to correctly and logically build a statement.
2) Be able to use appropriate speech cliches to express different points of view on a given topic.
3) Be able to express your point of view, using the entire palette of language (grammatical and lexical) means, which demonstrates your language proficiency at a high level.
For part C1 you can get a maximum of 6 points, for part C2 - a maximum of 14 points.

How to avoid mistakes when completing tasks in the "Letter" section.

2) Do not forget the formal signs of the letter (date, etiquette forms of greetings and goodbyes).

3) A personal letter must be properly structured.

4) It is imperative to answer the questions posed in the text of the letter, that is, to solve the set communicative task.

5) In task C2, start the topic with a general idea and immediately outline the problematic nature of the topic, using a cliché, for example, Einleitend muss gesagt werden, dass ...

6) In no case should you copy the proposed text, it should be rephrased using synonymous expressions and constructions.

7) write an essay according to the proposed plan, that is, first express your opinion, argue, then weigh the pros and cons of a different view of this problem.

8) Monitor the volume of the text (insufficient volume or its significant excess may lead to a decrease in the grade). The volume for a personal letter (task C1) is 100-140 words), the volume of a detailed written statement (task C2) is 200-250 words.

If in the completed task C1 there are less than 90 words, and in task C2 there are less than 180 words, then such a task is not subject to verification and is estimated at 0 points. When checking the task C1, 140 words are counted, when checking the task C2, 250 words and only this part of the work is checked.

9) Use linguistic means of communication within a separate sentence (conjunctions, adverbs, etc.), as well as for the holistic construction of the text.

10) Cover exactly the problem that is indicated in the assignment, and not deviate from the topic. Even if task C2 is performed at a high level, but the given topic was not covered, the task will be evaluated at 0 points.

11) I strongly do not recommend writing an essay and a personal letter for the exam first in a draft, as it will take most of your time. In the draft, you can sketch out a plan, that is, your arguments (arguments) to defend your point of view and possible counterarguments. As for the lexical means of communication, that is, in order for your essays and letters to look logical, all this must be prepared in advance and you write automatically for the exam - this helps a lot to save time and at the same time maintain the correct structure of the essay and personal letter.

Texts, who can help in writing essays (Unified State Exam in German)

How to write an essay correctly (exam in German). A more detailed plan will appear later. Keep for updates

Oral part (exam in German)

Now graduates must also take the oral part in the Unified State Exam in German (Sprechen).

This part consists of four tasks.

First task.

IN first the assignment, the examinee must read an excerpt from the text of a stylistically neutral, informational or popular science character. For a successfully completed task, you will receive 1 point.
Here the phonetic component is assessed: intonation contours, correct pronunciation of sounds, words, stress. In schools, unfortunately, it is not customary to pay attention to this, but phonetically correct speech is important not only for the exam, but also for everyday life, so that the interlocutor can understand you. Therefore, I always start my lesson with a phonetic warm-up.

There are also typical moments here when phonetic mistakes are made, for example, beObachten (where "o" is pronounced with a hard onset) or TheAter.

It is necessary to pay attention to the stress, for example, in the word AugUst the stress falls on the second syllable, if it is the month of August, and if the name is August, then on the first syllable.

In the word "vier" the sound "i" is long, and in the word "vierzehn" the sound "i" is short.

Please read the article:

Second task

In secondthe task must formulate five questions to obtain more complete information from the conditional interlocutor. For the successful completion of this task, you can receive 5 points, that is, for each correctly composed question by a point.

Here are evaluated form and content question.

To do this, your attention is invited to a stimulus picture and several reference points that will help with composing and questions.

To successfully complete this task, you need to remember the construction of interrogative sentences.

There are five direct questions to ask, that is: Wo kann ich Tickets kaufen? Haben Sie Ermäßgungen?

It must be remembered that each question is given 20 seconds, that is, at home you must definitely practice with the timer.

Effective preparation includes the following: for each keyword, try to make 3-4 questions, for example,

word, phrase-stimulus:

Ermäßigungen für Schüler

Possible questions:

Gibt es Ermäßigungen für Schüler?
Haben Sie Ermäßigungen für Schüler?
Welche Ermäßigungen haben Sie für Schüler?
In welchem \u200b\u200bFall können die Schüler Ermäßigungen bekommen?

After a while you will bring this part of the task to automatism.

Third task

Thirdthe task involves the description of one of three photographs. The range of topics is quite wide.

You will have 1.5 minutes to prepare, and 2 minutes. to answer (I remind you, you cannot make notes on the oral exam!). At home, be sure to practice with the timer.

For a successfully completed task, you will receive 7 points.

Each task has a typical plan.

• a) Wann haben Sie das Foto gemacht?
• b) Was oder wen zeigt das Foto?
• c) Was passiert da gerade?
• d) Warum bewahren Sie das Foto in Ihrem Fotoalbum auf?
• e) Warum haben Sie beschlossen, das Foto Ihrer Freundin (Ihrem Freund) zu zeigen?

Usually, the description of a photo begins with the phrase:

Ich habe das Foto Nummer X gewählt. (this phrase is not taken into account when checking)

Then go to introductory part:

I ch weiß, dass du jetzt nicht so viel Zeit hast. Aber ich möchte dir ein interessantes Foto zeigen.

Endlich hast du Zeit für mich, und ich kann dir ein Foto zeigen.

Weißt du, endlich kann ich dir ein Foto zeigen.

Then we go directly to the questions that are contained in this assignment.

Part a) Wann haben Sie das Foto gemacht?

The next part may contain sentences:

Ich habe das Foto im letzten Winter gemacht. Da war ich mit meiner Familie (mit meinen Freunden) ...

Part b) Was oder wen zeigt das Foto?

To successfully complete the next part, you need to know such vocabulary as Beschreibung eines Bildes:

Das Foto zeigt einen Mann, eine Frau ...
Auf dem Foto ist ein Mann zu erkennen.
Vorne / hinten erkennt man ...
Im Vordergrund / Hintergrund befindet sich ...
In der Bildmitte sieht man ...
... ist scharf / unscharf. Auf der rechten (linken) Bildhälfte sieht man ...
Links (Rechts) vom Mann (von der Frau) ist ... zu sehen.

Part c) Was passiert da gerade?

Here we move on to the next part of the assignment, namely, to describe what is happening in the selected photo, in this part we make assumptions:

Here you need to learn a few guesses:

Ich glube, meine, nehme an, vermute, dass ...

Es könnte sein, dass ...

Ich habe den Eindruck, dass ...

Die Frau da rechts scheint traurig zu sein.

Part d) Warum bewahren Sie das Foto in Ihrem Fotoalbum auf?

Now let's move on to the point why we decided to save this photo.

There may be several strategies here, one of them needs to be chosen and learned as a template, for example,

1. Ich habe das Foto deswegen aufbewahrt, weil ich mich gerne an die Momente erinnere, wo (wenn) ich ....

2. Du weißt ja, dass ich mich für Fotografieren interessiere. Und ich bewahre meine besten und schönsten Fotos auf, denn ich will sie später meinen Freunden (meinen Verwandten) zeigen.

Part e) Warum haben Sie beschlossen, das Foto Ihrer Freundin (Ihrem Freund) zu zeigen?

Now let's move on to the point why we decided to show this photo to a friend.

There are also several options here:

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, weil ich wei ß , dass du auch diese Reise machen willst.

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, um dich zu überzeugen, dass ...

Ich zeige dir dieses Foto, weil ich weiß, dass du dich dafür interessierst.

Then follows final part:

Depending on the topic of the described picture, you can write:

In den nächsten Sommerferien möchte ich wieder hinfahren, denn ich war von diesem Ort begeistert.

Ich glaube, man kann kaum seine Freizeit besser verbringen.

Hoffentlich fahren wir nächstes Jahr zusammen ans Meer.

Useful expressions:

Ich interessiere mich für ...

In der Kindheit wollte ich immer ...

Ich habe dieses Foto gemacht, weil ..

Ich zeige es dir ..., denn ...

Effective preparation to the third task of the exam in German (oral part) includes the following:

• it is imperative to practice and think over the plan of the answer at home already at home, since you are given only one and a half minutes to prepare.
• Since each task has the same outline, I give my students an answer outline. You can prepare the same scheme yourself. Purpose: You should already have ready-made phrases.
• It is necessary to think over the logical transitions in advance, here you will need connector words, conjunctions, expressions.
• First, prepare your oral answers in writing and be sure to say it out loud (not to yourself, but ALOUD)

IN the last fourth the assignment, the graduate must compare two photographs, identifying features of similarity and difference, and also expressing their preferences. In this case, you must substantiate your opinion.

There will be a detailed description of the fourth task soon.

Try to use as many descriptive adjectives as possible in your preparation. This will make your speech richer, more interesting, and will convince the examiners of your good command of the German language.

How to avoid mistakes while completing the tasks of the "Speaking" section.

1) It is necessary to get acquainted with basic intonation contours in German, know the basic principles of German pronunciation, some differences in the pronunciation of sounds in German and Russian, for example, that the sound "K" pronounced more tensely, cf. Katze. The same goes for e.g. sound "P", cf. Post. Be sure to observe duration, stabilitysounds. That is, pay attention to everything that makes your pronunciation German and not Russian.
2) You need to pay attention to the consistency of your speech. But this requirement is familiar to you already from writing an essay. The oral part is difficult because you do not have time to think about the construction of the phrase. This part requires fluent spontaneous speech. For this, it is imperative that all oral tasks are spoken not in the “mind”, but out loud. It is very important.
3) Each task has a timing: in a certain period of time you need to keep within and logically complete your thought.
4) I strongly recommend that you think over an answer plan in advance, that is, draw up an algorithm with already prepared cliches. Since all tasks are typical, you can do this without difficulty.

Attention: on the oral part of the exam in German, you CANNOT make any notes, that is, the entire answer plan should already be in your head long before the exam. It is necessary to learn the entire structure of the answer and cliches in advance in order to get the maximum score.

Literature for preparing for the exam in German. The oral part.

Furmanova S.L., Bazhnaov A.E. German. Unified State Exam. The oral part.

This small manual describes the Oral part of the exam in German in sufficient detail.

Terms of preparation for the exam in German

The duration of training depends on the initial level of language proficiency, so the time frame can vary from several months to two years.
To successfully pass the exam, the Mittelstufe level is required (that is, the average level is B1-B2).

Occupation frequency

The frequency of classes depends on the level of training. But if the level of the German language is low, and you want to pass the Unified State Exam in German for high scores, then it is better to study for two years, but less often 1-2 times in the limit than 1 year 2-3 times a week, since the amount of information to be mastered is large enough and so that memory resources are spent rationally and so that the knowledge gained is transferred to long-term memory, a certain period of time is required.

Principles of preparation for the exam in the German language.

1. Creation of a language base (vocabulary, grammar, typical language tools for writing a personal letter and completing the task C2. Improving the general level of language proficiency.

2. "Coaching" on the format of the exam. Working with typical tests of the USE format - last year's USE, demo versions, special methodological developments.

3. Analysis of typical errorsallowed when performing tasks for the exam in German.

For example, it should be noted that the verb "fahren" is used not only with the auxiliary verb "sein", but also in some cases with the verb "haben". The same is true for the verb "fliegen".

You also need to choose the right one, for example, a synonym from those available, for example: "Stelle", "Ort", "Platz", "Sitz"

Very often there are mistakes in word formation, for example, from the adjective "heiß" it is necessary to form a noun.

I pay attention to all these points and give them a list during classes, what should be paid attention to, since all USE tests are typical, which means that you can calculate which tasks will be prepared and prepared purposefully, which makes it possible to pass the USE in German a very high score.

German language tutor
Dr. Nadeschda Sanzewitsch

Feedback on classes

I started to prepare for German very late, despite having a certain base, without constant practice, the language quickly began to be forgotten. As a result, I went to classes for only 2 months, once a week, and, frankly, I could not imagine that it was really possible to prepare in such terms. In the classroom, everything was clearly structured, without water, while attention was paid to each of my questions, we worked out all the incomprehensible moments together in the exercises. There was also a lot of material for self-preparation at home and just interesting for the future.
In the end, I passed the exam for 96 points, I am very pleased with my result, I just want to say a big thank you to Nadezhda Alexandrovna for her help!

Victoria Katechkina

Now that the unified state exam is over, I really want to thank all the teachers who helped me prepare for it. The most difficult exam for me was undoubtedly the German language. At the beginning of the 10th grade, my language level was catastrophically low, and my vocabulary was limited to a set of the most common words, and I did not even think about taking an exam in this subject, and even more so in the future to connect my life with its study.

But thanks to Nadezhda Aleksandrovna, with whom my mother was already studying successfully and with great pleasure, the situation changed dramatically. Our lessons were held only once a week, but they were thought out in detail, built taking into account my individual strengths and weaknesses to achieve maximum results.

Talso, the classes were held at a very good pace, so we had time to discuss, study and devoteattention to even the smallest detail. Homework assignments were a really serious test for me, because their volume initially seemed huge and even excessive. The teacher always identified my weaknesses in the language and gave me assignments on these topics until they literally reached the point of automatism. For me, the most difficult sections of the exam were listening and speaking, however, on the exam itself, I coped with these sections with almost no mistakes, although at the beginning of an in-depth study of the language with Nadezhda Alexandrovna I could not even distinguish between German speech in audio recording into separate words. The school teacher considered me not strong enough in this discipline and even wanted to transfer me from the linguistic group to the general education group.

But after my extra classes I got the second result in our linguistic group - 92 points. I can't say that it was in my power to get the maximum result (after all, the USE really consists of complex tasks that require more in-depth knowledge from children, which are not and cannot be fully included in the school curriculum), but some of my mistakes were due to carelessness and strong excitement (for example, on the oral part). As for the theoretical base, I have more than sufficient, since in the lessons with a tutor I studied the language from different angles, starting with word formation, pronunciation and ending with some interesting facts from the history of Germany and Europe. Now I still do not know which university I will be able to enter and whether my points will be enough for those educational institutions in which I want to enter. But I can say with confidence that the score in the German language is one of the best among my results (and this is not only my opinion, but also my parents, friends, teachers)!

I hope that I can continue to study the language in the future, because when you overcome the first difficulties in learning new things, then in the future you begin to enjoy the learning process and feel proud of your achievements. Once again, I want to thank Nadezhda Alexandrovna, who really helped me to master and love the subject that seemed difficult and inaccessible before!

Ich hoffe, dass ich meine Deutschkenntnisse in Zukunft nur verbessern werde. Aber ich glaube auch, dass diese Leistungen nicht nur von mir, sondern auch von meinen Lehrern abhängen, weil nur vereinte Bemühungen der Menschen helfen können, ein großes Ziel zu erreichen!

Tatyana

30.06.2016

German tutor's comment: to confirm the authenticity of the review, there is a scan of Tatyana's work and the USE form with the results.

You are a wonderful teacher. I passed the Unified State Exam without any problems, passed it on a high score, sufficient for admission to the budget - 92. I felt comfortable on the exam. I also passed the Daf test for a good result, which allowed me to enter Germany. Thank you very much!

Yours faithfully,
Anastasia Son

German tutor's comment: in addition to high USE scores in German, Anastasia also received a first-degree diploma at the "Highest Test" Olympiad held by the Higher School of Economics.

Hello, current and future students of Nadezhda Alexandrovna.
For 8 months I was preparing for the Unified State Exam in German. Classes were very intensive: I had to be pulled up in all parts (I did not study at a language school), so I had to do voluminous homework at home. At first it was hard to get involved, since such a pace was unusual for me. But as a result, I scored 95 points. Thank you very much!

Best regards, Kirill Avdeev

The Unified State Exam is the unified state exam. He surrenders in all subjects, including German. The German exam lasts 180 minutes. The exam consists of three blocks: A, B and C. Block А - 28 tasks, in B - 16, and in the most difficult block C - 2... This exam is assessed using a point scale. Thus, for the German language, the minimum test score is 20 ... This means that you can pass the exam even higher than 20 points, but you cannot pass the less.

The Unified State Exam is a difficult exam, but nevertheless, you don't need to worry too much, but rather how you should prepare for it.

Here's what psychologists say about the exam:

During the examination time, there is always psychological stress. At the same time, stress is an absolutely normal reaction of the body.

Light emotional outbursts are useful, they have a positive effect on performance and enhance mental performance. But excessive emotional stress often has the opposite effect.

The reason for this is, first of all, a personal attitude to the event. Therefore, it is important to form an adequate attitude to the situation. It will help graduates to rationally allocate forces for preparing and passing the exam, and to parents - to provide their child with the right help.

In order for the results of the USE in the German language to be assessed objectively, the examinees must also submit their drafts for verification.
Potential mistakes can be caused by excitement, and the attached draft will show the line of reasoning and thought.

So, be patient, time to prepare and you will succeed!

Unified State Exam in German 2015

Download the demo version of the Unified State Exam 2015 in German

Also take exams for practice from previous years:

Download the demo version of the exam 2014

Download the demo version of the exam 2012

Download materials to prepare for the exam 2011

Download materials to prepare for the exam 2010

Download materials to prepare for the exam 2009 KIM

Download materials for preparing for the exam 2004-2009

Information about the planned changes in the KIM USE 2015

General changes

1. The structure of the CMM variant has been changed: each variant consists of two parts (part 1 - tasks with a short answer, part 2 - tasks with a detailed answer).

2. Tasks in the CMM version are presented in the sequential numbering mode without letters A, B, C.

3. The form of recording the answer in the tasks with a choice of one answer has been changed: as in the tasks with a short answer, the number of the correct answer (and not a cross) is recorded as a digit.

4. For most academic subjects, the number of single-choice tasks has been reduced.

5. Based on the analysis of statistical data on the exam results and the quality of CMM in a number of subjects, some lines of tasks have been excluded, the form of a number of tasks has been changed.

6. On an ongoing basis, work is underway to improve the assessment criteria for tasks with a detailed answer.

Foreign languages - fundamental changes in connection with the introduction of the section "Speaking" (there are no fundamental changes in the written part).

Listening tasks A1-A7 with a choice of answer were transformed in KIM 2015 into task 3 for establishing compliance with the same control objects.

Found scientific literature on subjects:

German language, Preparation for the exam

Textbooks for preparing for the Unified State Exam in German in the library contain the following sections:

Optimal job bank

Additional materials for preparing for the exam in German in 2016, 2017

German language exam format in 2017

The Unified State Exam in German in 2017 consists of two parts - written and oral. The written part, in turn, includes four sections: "Listening", "Reading", "Grammar and Vocabulary" and "Writing" and includes 40 tasks.

This includes 38 tasks with a short answer and 6 open-type tasks with a detailed answer.

The duration of the unified state examination in German in 2017 is 3 hours 15 minutes.

The table of conversion of points for the German language, scored in 2017, into points for the certificate (the red line cuts off the minimum score, the points are converted one to one).

Changes in the format of the German language exam in 2016:

The wording of task 3 of the oral part of the exam has been clarified.

Preparation plan for the unified state exam in German in 2017

In order to significantly save time for preparing for the exam and gain the desired points, it is necessary to draw up a plan for preparing for the exam. Read about this in our separate article.

Pass the German exam well in 2017. Successful exam writing strategy

If you have completed many tasks from textbooks on the German language, the average score when performing from the standard test books in the German language suits you, then you are theoretically savvy, it remains to tune in psychologically and learn how to solve tests, observing timing.

The approximate time allotted for the completion of individual tasks is:

“Listening” - 30 minutes;

"Reading" - 30 minutes;

"Grammar and Vocabulary" - 40 minutes;

"Letter" - 80 minutes;

"Speaking" (oral part of the exam) - 15 minutes.

Preparation for the exam in German

Currently, the Unified State Exam is the main form of attestation in secondary schools in Russia. Therefore, schoolchildren and their parents want to be well prepared for this exam in order to be able to apply to the maximum number of universities, including those that require high and very high results in this exam.

Reasons for choosing to take the exam in the German language

• In addition, it should be noted that many today choose to pass the exam in the German language, since there is less competition with the German language and thus the chance to enter a prestigious university increases exponentially.
• It should also be noted that today the German language is needed not only for the Unified State Exam, that is, for educational purposes, but it is also vital, since there are numerous German, Austrian and Swiss companies that are successfully developing on the Russian market, work in which requires good knowledge of the German language.

Thus, while preparing for the Unified State Exam in German, you not only have the opportunity to enter a prestigious university, but also get the opportunity to find a job in a large Western company.

Required language level for successful passing of the Unified State Exam in German

But it should be noted right away that the level of language proficiency required to successfully pass the exam is B1 / B2.
In addition, not only knowledge of the language is important, but also knowledge of the exam format. Despite the fact that the USE format has been brought closer to the format of the exam for international certificates, there are still significant differences. Most students are not familiar with the format of international exams.

What is the Unified State Exam in German

At the moment, the USE in German includes four sections:

Listening,
reading,
grammar and vocabulary,
letter.

In 2009, it was decided to cancel one section of the Speaking exam. This section was reintroduced in 2015.

Now let's dwell in more detail on each part that is included in the exam in German.

Listening

This section of the examination work includes three tasks of different levels of difficulty and different types.

1) The first task is aimed at the ability to understand the main (general) content of the audio text.
2) The second task is aimed at testing the ability to understand in detail the content of the audio text. The main difficulty here is represented by tasks where you need to recognize whether the information was given in the text incorrectly or whether it was not said about it in the text. That is, the task is asked to indicate whether the statement was "true", "incorrect", "the text does not say."
3) The third task is aimed at testing the ability to extract purposefully given information from the text.

1) Have listening experience. Unfortunately, in schools today, very little attention is paid to this aspect, and therefore this section presents a certain difficulty for schoolchildren.
2) Be able to adapt to different conditions of listening to audio material. Exam recording may not be of very good quality, extraneous noise, etc. - you have to be ready for everything!
3) Be able to adapt to hearing voices of different timbres (female, male, child, low, high)
4) Have the skills of listening to the text of a monological and dialogical nature.
5) Possess the strategies of global understanding (tasks of the first type), selective understanding (tasks of the second type) and detailed understanding (tasks of the third type) of the text.
6) Possess an active vocabulary within the framework necessary for the successful passing of the Unified State Exam in German.

How to avoid mistakes while completing the tasks of the "Listening" section.

1) Read the assignments carefully. Misinterpreting the task leads to erroneous answers.
2) When performing tasks (A1-A7), do not try to understand the message of the text, concentrate your attention on the requested information! To successfully complete these tasks, you need to understand the difference between the answers "incorrect" and "the text does not say." The answer "does not say in the text" means that there is no information in the text on this issue
3) When performing tasks A8-A14, you must fully listen to the text and concentrate your attention to the end, since the answer may be at the very end of the text.
4) You need to be able to highlight key information and be able to screen out that information that leads away from the key. That is, you need to be able to focus on the basic information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main idea and essence of the statement.

Reading

This section of the examination work also includes three tasks of different levels of difficulty and of different types.
To successfully complete this part of the task, you must have experience of communicatively oriented reading.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

The following skills are important here:
1) Ability to understand the general content of an informational text (tasks of the first type)
2) Skills of detailed understanding of the text.
3) Ability to purposefully extract the necessary information, that is, to use a selective reading strategy.

For the successful completion of these tasks, knowledge of the lexical material is naturally necessary. It is important to be able to ignore unfamiliar words that do not occupy key positions in the text and, therefore, are not important for understanding the text. It is also important to be able to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words in context. In tasks of the second type, a good command of grammatical material plays an important role.

How to avoid mistakes while completing tasks of the section "Reading".

1) In the tasks of the basic level (B2), you do not need to focus your attention on the encountered unfamiliar words - this takes time. Assignments of this type do not require a detailed understanding of the entire text. You should show a linguistic guess (understand the meaning of the word from the context), and in some cases, ignore this unfamiliar word.
2) In tasks of an increased level of complexity, you need to be able to highlight key information and be able to filter out that information that leads away from the key. That is, you need to be able to focus on the basic information and ignore phrases that lead away from the main point and the essence of the statement.
3) In tasks B3, to be able to immediately see integral grammatical structures, which immediately narrows and facilitates the choice of the appropriate part of the sentence.

Grammar and vocabulary

This section tests the linguistic competence of the subjects, that is, their command of the grammatical and lexical resources of the German language. Like all tasks, these tasks also have a communicative focus.

What you need to know and be able to do to successfully complete this section of the exam in German.

1) Tasks of the basic and advanced levels of complexity pose the task of checking the skill of using the basic grammatical forms of the German language in context. The subjects should be able to make grammatical transformation of the original form of the verb, adjective, noun.
2) When completing tasks, be able to rely on the context.
3) To be able to use the strategy of probabilistic forecasting, that is, without seeing the answers themselves, suggest which lexeme can fill the corresponding gap in the sentence.

How to write an essay correctly (Unified State Exam in German). A more detailed plan will appear later. keep for updates

Speaking

Now graduates must also take the oral part in the Unified State Exam in German(Sprechen).

This part consists of four tasks.

In the first the assignment, the examinee must read an excerpt from the text of a stylistically neutral, informational or popular science character.
Here the phonetic component is assessed: intonation contours, correct pronunciation of sounds, words, stress. In schools, unfortunately, it is not customary to pay attention to this, but phonetically correct speech is important not only for the exam, but also for everyday life, so that the interlocutor can understand you. Therefore, I always start my lesson with a phonetic warm-up.

In the second assignment, it is necessary to formulate five questions to obtain more complete information from the conditional interlocutor.
To do this, your attention is invited to a picture-stimulus and several reference points that will help in composing questions.

Third the task involves the description of one of three photographs. The range of topics is quite wide. Here you need to master such vocabulary as Beschreibung eines Bildes:

Vorne / hinten erkennt man ...
Im Vordergrund / Hintergrund befindet sich ...
In der Bildmitte sieht man ...
... ist scharf / unscharf.

You are given only one and a half minutes to prepare, in order to successfully complete this task, you must practice at home and think over an answer plan at home.

Ich habe das Bild ... gewählt, weil ...

Ich interessiere mich für ...

In der Kindheit wollte ich immer ...

Ich habe dieses Foto gemacht, weil ..

Ich zeige es dir ..., denn ...

IN the last fourth the assignment, the graduate must compare two photographs, identifying features of similarity and difference, and also expressing their preferences. In this case, you must substantiate your opinion.

Try to use as many descriptive adjectives as possible in your preparation. This will make your speech richer, more interesting, and will convince the examiners of your good command of the German language.

How to avoid mistakes while completing the tasks of the "Speaking" section.

1) It is necessary to get acquainted withbasic intonation contours in German, know the basic principles of German pronunciation, some differences in the pronunciation of sounds in German and Russian, for example, that the sound "K" pronounced more tensely , cf. Katze. The same goes for e.g. sound "P" , cf. Post. Be sure to observeduration, stabilitysounds. That is, pay attention to everything that makes your pronunciation German and not Russian.
2) You need to pay attention to the consistency of your speech. But this requirement is familiar to you already from writing an essay. The oral part is difficult because you do not have time to think about the construction of the phrase. This part requires fluent spontaneous speech. For this, it is imperative that all oral tasks are spoken not in the “mind”, but out loud. It is very important.
3) Each task has a timing: in a certain period of time you need to keep within and logically complete your thought.
4) I strongly recommend that you think over an answer plan in advance, that is, draw up an algorithm with already prepared cliches. Since all tasks are typical, you can do this without difficulty.

Terms of preparation for the exam in German

The duration of training depends on the initial level of language proficiency, so the time frame can vary from several months to two years.
To successfully pass the exam, the Mittelstufe level is required (that is, the average level is B1-B2).

Occupation frequency

The frequency of classes depends on the level of training. But if the level of the German language is low, and you want to pass the Unified State Exam in German forhigh scores , then it is better to study for two years, but less often 1-2 times in the limit than 1 year 2-3 times a week, since the amount of information to be mastered is large enough and so that memory resources are spent rationally and so that the knowledge gained is transferred to long-term memory, a certain period of time is required.

Principles of preparation for the exam in the German language.

1. Creation of a language base (vocabulary, grammar, typical language tools for writing a personal letter and completing the task C2. Improving the general level of language proficiency.

2. "Coaching" on the format of the exam. Working with typical tests of the USE format - last year's USE, demo versions, special methodological developments.

3. Analysis of typical errorsallowed when performing tasks for the exam in German.

For example, it should be noted that the verb "fahren" is used not only with the auxiliary verb "sein", but also in some cases with the verb "haben". The same is true for the verb "fliegen".

You also need to choose the right one, for example, a synonym from the available ones, for example: "Stelle", "Ort", "Platz", "Sitz".

Very often errors occur in word formation, for example, from the adjective "heiß" it is necessary to form a noun.

I pay attention to all these points and give them a list during classes, what should be paid attention to, since all USE tests are typical, which means that you can calculate which tasks will be prepared and prepared purposefully, which makes it possible to pass the USE in German a very high score.