Physics program 7 cells peryshkin fgos
Document status
The work program in physics for grade 7 was drawn up on the basis of the Federal component of the state standard, an approximate program of basic general education in physics and the author's program of E.M. Gutnik, A.V. Peryshkina "Physics" grades 7-9 (basic level), as well as on the basis of the educational program MBOU "Secondary school with Krasnoarmeyskoye Kalininsky district of Saratov region." The program concretizes the content of subject topics, offers the distribution of subject hours by sections of the course, the sequence of studying topics and sections, taking into account inter-subject and intra-subject connections, the logic of the educational process, age characteristics of students. A list of demonstrations, laboratory work and practical exercises has also been determined.
Normative documents for drawing up a work program are:
The basic curriculum of educational institutions of the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation No. 1312 of 03/09/2004;
The federal component of the state educational standard, approved by the Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated 05.03.2004 No. 1089;
Model programs based on the federal component of the state educational standard;
Requirements for equipping the educational process in accordance with the content of academic subjects of the federal component of the state educational standard
Document structure
The work program in physics includes five sections: an explanatory note, an educational-thematic plan and the content of the topics of the training course; requirements for the level of training of graduates, educational and methodological support and application (calendar and thematic planning).
General characteristics of studying physics in grade 7:
Physics as a science about the most general laws of nature, acting as a school subject, makes a significant contribution to the system of knowledge about the world around. It reveals the role of science in the economic and cultural development of society, contributes to the formation of a modern scientific worldview. To solve the problems of forming the foundations of the scientific worldview, developing the intellectual abilities and cognitive interests of schoolchildren in the process of studying physics, the main attention should be paid not to the transfer of the amount of ready-made knowledge, but to acquaintance with the methods of scientific cognition of the surrounding world, the formulation of problems that require students to independently work to resolve them.
The 7th grade physics course includes the following sections:
Initial information about the structure of matter
Interaction of bodies
Pressure of solids, liquids and gases
Work, power, energy
Objectives studying physics in grade 7:
mastering knowledgeabout mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic and quantum phenomena; values \u200b\u200bcharacterizing these phenomena; the laws to which they obey; methods of scientific knowledge of nature and the formation on this basis of ideas about the physical picture of the world;
mastery of skillsconduct observations of natural phenomena, describe and generalize the results of observations, use simple measuring instruments to study physical phenomena; present the results of observations or measurements using tables, graphs and reveal empirical dependencies on this basis; apply the knowledge gained to explain various natural phenomena and processes, the principles of operation of the most important technical devices, to solve physical problems;
developmentcognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilities, independence in acquiring new knowledge when solving physical problems and performing experimental research using information technologies;
educationconviction in the possibility of cognition of nature, in the need for rational use of the achievements of science and technology for the further development of human society; respect for the creators of science and technology; attitude to physics as an element of universal human culture;
application of acquired knowledge and skillsfor solving practical problems of everyday life, ensuring the safety of their lives, rational use of natural resources and environmental protection.
Place of the subject in the curriculum
The federal basic curriculum (2004) for educational institutions of the Russian Federation allocates 70 hours for the compulsory study of physics in the 7th grade at the rate of 2 academic hours per week.
General educational skills, skills and methods of activity
The work program provides for the formation of general educational skills and abilities, universal methods of activity and key competencies in schoolchildren. The priorities for the school physics course at the stage of basic general education are:
Cognitive activity:
the use of various natural science methods for cognition of the surrounding world: observation, measurement, experiment, modeling;
the formation of skills to distinguish between facts, hypotheses, causes, effects, evidence, laws;
mastering adequate methods for solving theoretical and experimental problems;
the acquisition of experience in hypothesizing to explain known facts and to experimentally test the hypotheses put forward.
Information and communication activities:
possession of monologue and dialogical speech, development of the ability to understand the point of view of the interlocutor and recognize the right to a different opinion;
the use of various sources of information for solving cognitive and communicative tasks.
Reflexive activity:
possession of skills to control and evaluate their activities, the ability to foresee the possible results of their actions:
organization of educational activities: goal setting, planning, determination of the optimal balance of goals and means.
EDUCATIONAL-THEMATIC PLAN AND CONTENT OF THE TOPICS OF THE TRAINING COURSE
Academic-thematic plan
Number of hours
The main issues studied
Requirements for knowledge and skills
type of control
Introduction
Subject and methods of physics. An experimental method for studying nature. Measurement of physical quantities.
Measurement error. Generalization of the experimental results.
Observation of the simplest phenomena and processes of nature with the help of the senses (sight, hearing, touch). Using the simplest measuring instruments. Schematic representation of experiments. Methods of obtaining knowledge in physics. Physics and technology.
1. Determination of the scale division of the measuring device.
Know: the meaning of the concept of "substance".
Be able to: use physical instruments and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities. Express results in SI
Frontal survey, oral answers, tests,
Initial information about the structure of matter
Hypothesis about the discrete structure of matter. Molecules. Continuity and randomness of motion of particles of matter.
Diffusion. Brownian motion. Gas, liquid and solid models.
Interaction of particles of matter. Mutual attraction and repulsion of molecules.
Three states of matter.
Frontal laboratory work.
1. Measuring the size of small bodies.
Know the meaning of the concepts: substance, interaction, atom (molecule).
Be able to: describe and explain a physical phenomenon: diffusion.
Frontal survey, oral answers, tests, physical. dictations,
Working with tables, solving problems, l / r, conference, supporting notes
Interaction
bodies
20 (l / r 4 to / r 2)
Mechanical movement. Uniform and uneven movement. Speed.
Calculation of the path and travel time. Trajectory. Rectilinear motion.
The interaction of bodies. Inertia. Weight. Density.
Measurement of body weight on the scales. Calculation of mass and volume by its density.
Force. Forces in nature: gravity, gravity, friction, elasticity. Hooke's Law. Body weight. The relationship between gravity and body weight. Dynamometer. The addition of two forces directed along one straight line.Friction.
Elastic deformation.
Frontal laboratory work.
3. Measurement of body weight on a beam balance.
4. Measurement of body volume.
5.Measuring the density of a solid.
6.Graduating the spring and measuring the forces with a dynamometer
Phenomenon of inertia, physical law, interaction;
The meaning of the concepts: path, speed, mass, density.
That the measure of any interaction of bodies is force.
Determination of substance density, formula. Determination of force, units of its measurement and designations. Determination of the force of gravity. Determination of the elastic force.
Determination of friction force
Be able to: describe and explain uniform rectilinear motion;
Use physical instruments to measure path, time, mass, force; identify dependence: paths on distance, speed on time, force on speed;
Express values \u200b\u200bin SI, be able to give examples. Be able to reproduce or write a formula. Work with devices when finding body weight. Work with physical quantities included in this formula. Work with devices (beaker, scales). Work with physical quantities included in the formula for finding the mass of a substance. Work with devices. Reproduce and find physical quantities: mass, density, volume of a substance. Determination of force, units of its measurement and designations. Determination of the force of gravity. Be able to schematically depict the point of its application to the body.
Be able to schematically depict the point of its application to the body. Be able to work with physical devices. Graduation of the instrument scale. Draw up schemes of vectors of forces acting on the body. Be able to give examples.
Working with tables, reference books, graphs, solving problems, l / r, c / r, supporting notes
Pressure of solids, liquids and gases
25 (l / r 2 to / r 1)
Pressure. The Torricelli Experience.
Aneroid barometer.Atmospheric pressure at different altitudes. Pascal's law.Ways to increase and decrease pressure.
Gas pressure. Air weight. Air shell.Measurement of atmospheric pressure.Pressure gauges.
Piston liquid pump. Pressure transfer by solids, liquids, gases.
Calculation of fluid pressure on the bottom and walls of the vessel.
Communicating vessels. Archimedean strength.Hydraulic Press.
Swimming tel. Ships sailing. Aeronautics.
Frontal laboratory work.
7. Measurement of the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid.
8. Determination of the conditions for the body to swim in liquid.
Know the definition of physical quantities: pressure, density of matter, volume, mass. Know the meaning of physical laws: Pascal's law.
Know the meaning of physical laws: Archimedes' law.
Be able to: explain the transfer of pressure in liquids and gases; use physical instruments to measure pressure; express values \u200b\u200bin SI;
Explain the transmission of pressure in liquids and gases; use
use physical instruments to measure pressure; Be able to: explain the transfer of pressure in liquids and gases; use physical instruments to measure pressure; express values \u200b\u200bin SI; solve problems on the Archimedes law.
To be able to reproduce and find physical quantities according to the formula of Archimedes' law.
Frontal survey, oral answers, tests, physical. dictations, see / r.
Working with tables, reference books, graphs, solving problems, l / r, c / r, working out formulas, supporting notes
Work, power, energy
12 (l / r 2 to / r 1)
Job. Power. Energy. Kinetic energy. Potential energy. The law of conservation of mechanical energy. Simple mechanisms. Efficiency of mechanisms.
Lever arm. The balance of forces on the lever. Moment of power. Levers in technology, everyday life and nature.
Application of the Lever Equilibrium Law to the Block. Equality of work when using simple mechanisms. The "golden rule" of mechanics.
Frontal laboratory work.
9. Determination of the condition of the balance of the lever.
10.Measurement of efficiency when climbing an inclined plane.
Know the definition of work, the designation of the physical quantity and the unit of measurement.
Know the definition of power, designation of physical quantities and units of measurement.
Know the definition of physical quantities: work, power. Lever device.
Block device and the golden rule of mechanics, explain with examples
Know the definitions of physical quantities: efficiency, mechanisms.
Know the definitions of physical quantities: energy; energy units, energy conservation law. Know the meaning of the law of conservation of energy, give examples of mechanical energy, and its transformation. Know the definition, designation, formulas of work, energy, power. Know the formulas for finding physical quantities: work, power, efficiency, energy.
Know the definitions, designation, finding the studied quantities
To be able to reproduce formulas, find physical quantities: work, power. To be able to depict the location of forces in the figure and find the moment of force. Be able to: conduct an experiment and measure the length of the lever arms and the mass of weights; work with physical devices. Be able to determine strength, height, work (useful and expended). Be able to solve problems.
Frontal survey, oral answers, tests, physical. dictations, see / r.
Working with tables, reference books, graphs, solving problems, l / r, c / r,
Reiteration
REQUIREMENTS TO THE LEVEL OF TRAINING OF STUDENTS OF THE 7TH CLASS.
As a result of studying physics in grade 7, the student must
know / understand:
meaning of concepts: physical phenomenon, physical law, matter, interaction, atom, atomic nucleus,
meaning of physical quantities: path, speed, mass, density, force, pressure, impulse, work, power, kinetic energy, potential energy, efficiency,
sense of physical laws: Pascal, Archimedes, Newton, universal gravitation, conservation of momentum and mechanical energy
be able to:
describe and explain physical phenomena: uniform rectilinear motion, pressure transfer by liquids and gases, floating bodies, diffusion, heat conduction, convection
use physical instruments and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities: distance, time interval, mass, force, pressure, temperature;
present measurement results using tables, graphs and on this basis reveal empirical dependencies: path versus time, elastic force versus spring elongation, friction force versus normal pressure
express the results of measurements and calculations in units of the International System;
give examples of the practical use of physical knowledge about mechanical phenomena;
solve problems on the application of the studied physical laws;
to independently search for information of natural science content using various sources (educational texts, reference and popular scientific publications, computer databases, Internet resources), its processing and presentation in different forms (verbally, using graphs, mathematical symbols, drawings and structural diagrams );
use the acquired knowledge and skills in practice and everyday life:
to ensure safety in the process of using vehicles;
monitoring the health of the water supply system, plumbing and gas appliances in the apartment;
rational use of simple mechanisms.
EDUCATIONAL-METHODOLOGICAL LITERATURE
Name of the educational publication
Years of publication
Publisher
A.V. Peryshkin
Physics-7 cells
IN AND. Lukashik
Collection of problems in physics 7-9kl.
M. enlightenment
L.A. Kirik
Independent and control work-7 grade
M. Ileksa
E. M Gutnik E.V. Rybakova
Thematic and lesson planning in physics -7th grade
A. V. Peryshkin
Collection of tasks
M. Exam
Interactive encyclopedia "from plow to laser"
Interactive encyclopedia "Cyril and Mifodiy"
Interactive course "School course of physics" Educational kits.
Methodical journal "Physics at school
APPENDIX
Calendar and thematic planning
physics lessons
Class 7
Teacher: Vasin N.V.
Number of hours:
70 hours total; 2 hours a week.
Planned control lessons 4, laboratory work 10,
The planning is based on The federal component of the state standard of secondary (complete) general education, the Model program of basic general education "Physics" 7-9 basic level and the author's program of E.M. Gutnik, A.V. Peryshkina "Physics" grades 7-9, 2004
Textbook EAT. Gutnik, A.V. Peryshkina "Physics" Grade 7, 2009 M. Drofa
№ lesson
Content
Date held
Fact
date
ICT
Notes
What physics studies Observations and experiments
02.09
Physical quantities. Measurement of physical quantities. Measurement accuracy and error.
04.09
PC
Laboratory work No. 1 Determination of the scale division of the measuring device.
09.09
Physics technique.
11.09
The structure of matter. Molecules.
16.09
Laboratory work No. 2 "Determination of the size of small bodies".
18.09
Diffusion in gases, liquids and solids.
23.09
PC
Mutual attraction and repulsion of molecules.
25.09
Three states of matter. The difference in the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases.
30.09
Repetitive and generalizing lesson.
02.10
Mechanical movement. Uniform and uneven movement.
07.10
Speed. Speed \u200b\u200bunits.
09.10
Calculation of the path and travel time. Solving problems.
14.10
The phenomenon of inertia. Solving problems.
16.10
The interaction of bodies.
21.10
PC
Body mass. Measurement of mass. Measurement of body weight on the scales.
23.10
Laboratory work No. 3 "Measurement of body weight on a beam balance".
28.10
Laboratory work No. 4 "Measurement of body volume".
30.10
The density of the substance.
11.11
Project
Laboratory work No. 5 "Determination of the density of a solid substance".
13.11
Project
Calculation of body mass and volume by its density.
18.11
Project
Solving problems "Interaction of bodies"
20.11
Report on pr
Force. The phenomenon of gravitation. The force of gravity.
25.11
PC
Strength of elasticity. Hooke's Law.
27.11
Body weight.
02.12
Force units.
04.12
The relationship between gravity and body weight. Dynamometer. Laboratory work No. 6.
09.12
The addition of two forces directed along one straight line.
11.12
PC
Friction force. Sliding friction. Rest friction.
16.12
Test number 1. "The interaction of bodies"
18.12
Pressure. Units of pressure.
23.12
Ways to decrease and increase pressure.
25.12
Gas pressure.
13.01
Pascal's law.
15.01
Pressure in liquid and gas.
20.01
Calculation of pressure on the bottom and walls of the vessel.
22.01
Solving problems "Pressure"
27.01
Communicating vessels.
29.01
Air weight. Atmosphere pressure. Why does the Earth's air shell exist?
03.02
Measurement of atmospheric pressure. Toricelli's experience.
05.02
Aneroid barometer. Atmospheric pressure at different altitudes.
10.02
Solving problems "Atmospheric pressure"
12. 02
Pressure gauges.
1 7. 02
Examination number 2. "Pascal's Law"
19.02
Piston liquid pump.
24.02
Hydraulic Press.
26.02
The action of liquid and gas on a body immersed in them.
03.03
PC
Archimedean strength.
05.03
Laboratory work No. 7. "Determination of the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid."
10.03
Swimming tel.
Solution of problems "Archimedean force"
Laboratory work No. 8. "Elucidation of the conditions of body swimming in liquid."
Ships sailing.
Aeronautics.
Control work No. 3 on the topic "Pressure of solids, liquids and gases".
Mechanical work.
PC
Power. Solving problems.
Simple mechanisms. Lever arm. The balance of forces on the lever.
Moment of power.
PC
Levers in nature, everyday life and technology. Laboratory work No. 9 "Determining the balance of the lever."
Applications of the Lever Equilibrium Law to the Block Equality of Work when Using Simple Mechanisms.
The golden rule of mechanics.
The efficiency of the mechanisms.
Laboratory work No. 10 Determination of efficiency when lifting the body along an inclined plane.
Energy. Potential and kinetic energy.
PC
Conversion of one type of mechanical energy into another. The law of conservation of total mechanical energy.
Examination work number 6
STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION "SCHOOL №423"
FSES of the second generation
Prepared
Physics teacher
GBOU School number 423
Bormatova Zh.G.
Moscow, 2015
Work program in physics for grade 7
Explanatory note
The program is drawn up in accordance with the Federal component of the state standard of basic general education in physics (Order of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated 05.03.2004 No. 1089 "On approval of the Federal component of state educational standards of primary general, basic general and secondary (complete) general education").
The study of physics in basic school is aimed at achieving the following goals:
development of the interests and abilities of students through the transfer of knowledge and experience of cognitive and creative activities;
understanding by students of the meaning of basic scientific concepts and laws of physics, the relationship between them;
the formation of students' ideas about the physical picture of the world.
The achievement of these goals is ensured by the decision of the following tasks:
acquaintance of students with the method of scientific knowledge and methods of researching objects and natural phenomena;
the acquisition by students of knowledge about mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic and quantum phenomena, physical quantities that characterize these phenomena;
the formation of students' skills to observe natural phenomena and perform experiments, laboratory work and experimental research using measuring instruments that are widely used in practical life;
mastering by students of such general scientific concepts as a natural phenomenon, an empirically established fact, a problem, a hypothesis, a theoretical conclusion, the result of an experimental test;
students' understanding of the differences between scientific data and unverified information, the value of science for satisfying everyday, industrial and cultural needs of a person.
The working program in physics for the 7th grade is based on the program: E.M. Gutnik, A.V. Peryshkin. Physics. 7-9 grades. M .: Bustard, 2008.
The 7th grade curriculum is designed for 68 hours, 2 hours per week.
The program provides for the study of sections:
Introduction - 4 hours.
Initial information about the structure of matter - 6 hours.
Interaction of bodies - 21 hours.
Pressure of solids, liquids and gases - 21 hours.
Work and power. Energy - 11 hours.
Standby time is 5 hours.
According to the program, students must complete 4 tests and 10 laboratory works per year.
The main content of the program
Physics and physical methods of studying nature
Physics is the science of nature. Observation and description of physical phenomena. Measurement of physical quantities. International system of units. Scientific method of cognition. Science and technology.
Demonstrations
Observation of physical phenomena:
Free fall of bodies.
Pendulum oscillations.
Attraction of a steel ball by a magnet.
The glow of a filament of an electric lamp.
Electric sparks.
Laboratory works
Measuring distances.
Measurement of time between pulse beats.
Determination of the scale division value of the measuring device.
Structure and properties of matter
The structure of matter. Experiments proving the atomic structure of matter. Thermal motion and interaction of particles of matter. Aggregate states of matter.
Demonstrations
Diffusion in solutions and gases, in water.
Model of the chaotic motion of molecules in a gas.
Demonstration of the expansion of a solid when heated.
Mechanical phenomena
Mechanical movement. Relativity of motion. Trajectory. Way. Uniform movement. Speed. Average speed.
Demonstrations
Uniform rectilinear movement.
Dependence of the body trajectory on the choice of the frame of reference.
Dynamics
Inertia. Inertia of bodies. The interaction of bodies. Mass is a scalar quantity. The density of the substance. Force is a vector quantity. Movement and strength.
The force of gravity. Strength of elasticity. Friction force.
Pressure. Atmosphere pressure. Pascal's law. Archimedes' law. Swimming condition for bodies.
Equilibrium conditions for a rigid body.
Demonstrations
The phenomenon of inertia.
Comparison of body masses using equal-arm weights.
Measurement of force by spring deformation.
Friction force properties.
The addition of forces.
Barometer.
Experiment with Pascal's ball.
An experiment with a bucket of Archimedes.
Laboratory works
Measurement of body weight.
Measuring the density of a solid.
Liquid density measurement.
Study of the dependence of the elongation of a steel spring on the applied force.
Study of the conditions for the equilibrium of the lever.
Measurement of Archimedean force.
Mechanical energy
Energy. Kinetic energy. Potential energy. The law of conservation of mechanical energy. Simple mechanisms. Efficiency.
Demonstrations
Rocket model jet propulsion.
Simple mechanisms.
Laboratory works
Measuring the efficiency of an inclined plane.
Possible objects of excursions: factory workshop, mill, construction site.
Requirements for the level of training of grade 7 graduates
As a result of studying physics in grade 7, the student must
know / understand:
meaning of concepts: physical phenomenon, physical law, substance, interaction, atom;
the meaning of physical quantities: way, speed; mass, density, strength; pressure, work, power, kinetic energy, potential energy, efficiency;
be able to:
describe and explain physical phenomena: uniform rectilinear motion, pressure transmission by liquids and gases, diffusion;
use physical devices and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities: distance, time span, mass, force, pressure;
present measurement results using tables, graphs and on this basis reveal empirical dependencies: path versus time, elastic force versus spring elongation, friction force versus normal pressure force;
express the results of measurements and calculations in units of the International System (SI);
give examples of the practical use of physical knowledge about mechanical, thermal and electromagnetic phenomena;
solve problems on the application of the studied physical laws;
search for information independentlynatural science content using various sources (educational texts, reference and popular science publications, computer databases, Internet resources), its processing and presentation in various forms (verbally, using pictures);
to use the acquired knowledge and skills in practice and everyday lifeto ensure safety in the process of using vehicles.
Results of mastering the course of physics
Personal results:
the formation of cognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilities of students;
conviction in the possibility of cognition of nature, in the need for a reasonable use of the achievements of science and technology for the further development of human society, respect for the creators of science and technology, attitude towards physics as an element of human culture;
motivation of the educational activities of schoolchildren on the basis of a personality-oriented approach;
the formation of value attitudes towards each other, the teacher, the authors of discoveries and inventions, the learning outcomes.
Metasubject results:
mastering the skills of independent acquisition of new knowledge, organization of educational activities, goal setting, planning, self-control and assessment of the results of their activities, the ability to foresee possible results;
understanding the differences between the initial facts and hypotheses for their explanation, theoretical models and real objects, mastering universal educational actions on examples of hypotheses to explain known facts and experimentally test the hypotheses put forward;
the formation of skills to perceive, process and present information in verbal, figurative, symbolic forms, analyze and process the information received in accordance with the tasks set, highlight the main content of the read text, find answers to the questions posed in it and present it;
development of monologue and dialogical speech, the ability to express one's thoughts and the ability to listen to the interlocutor, understand his point of view, recognize the right of another person to a different opinion;
the formation of skills to work in a group with the implementation of various social rails, to represent and defend their views and beliefs, to lead a discussion.
Subject results:
knowledge about the nature of the most important physical phenomena of the surrounding world and understanding the meaning of physical laws that reveal the connection between the studied phenomena;
the ability to use methods of scientific research of natural phenomena, conduct observations, plan and carry out experiments, process measurement results, present measurement results using tables, graphs and formulas, detect relationships between physical quantities, explain the results obtained and draw conclusions, estimate the error limits of measurement results;
the ability to apply theoretical knowledge in physics in practice, to solve physical problems for the application of the knowledge gained;
communication skills to report on the results of their research, participate in discussions, answer questions briefly and accurately, use reference books and other sources of information.
Educational-methodical kit
The material of the kit fully complies with the Model Program for Physics of Basic General Education, the mandatory minimum content, recommended by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation.
Designations, abbreviations:
IES KIM GIA - codes of elements of the content of control and measuring materials GIA
KPU KIM GIA - codes of tested skills of control and measuring materials GIA
L. - V. I. Lukashik. Collection of problems in physics. 7-9 grade. M .: Education, 2007.
Calendar-thematic planning
Grade 7 (68 hours - 2 hours a week)
Introduction (4 hours).
weeks / lesson
- Initial information about the structure of the substance (6 hours).
weeks / lesson
- Interaction of bodies (21 hours).
weeks / lesson
- Pressure of solids, liquids and gases (21 hours).
weeks / lesson
- Work and power (11 hours).
weeks / lesson
Material used:
Second generation standards. Sample programs for academic subjects. Physics. 7 - 9 grades. M .: Education, 2010.
Second generation standards. Approximate basic educational program of an educational institution. Basic school. M .: Education, 2011.
Programs for educational institutions. Physics. Astronomy. 7-11 grades. M .: Bustard, 2008.
Requirements for the level of training of graduates of educational institutions of basic general education in physics. 7-9 grades.
Codifier of content elements and requirements for the level of training of graduates of educational institutions for the 2012 state final certification in PHYSICS.
M.L. Kornevich. Calendar-thematic planning. Teaching physics in the 2007-2008 academic year. Methodological manual of the IIOO. M .: "Moscow textbooks", 2007; OMC HEUO website: Methodological assistance. Physics.
A.V. Peryshkin, E.M. Gutnik. Physics. 7th grade. M .: Bustard, 2014.
V.I. Lukashik. Collection of problems in physics. 7-9 grade. M .: Education, 2007.
Work programs for grades 7 - 11. Globus Publishing House, Volgograd, 2009.
St. Petersburg
2014-2015 year
Name of program sections | Pages |
|
Explanatory note | ||
General characteristics of the subject | ||
Learning objectives | ||
General educational skills, skills and methods of activity | ||
Learning outcomes | ||
Requirements for the level of knowledge of graduates | ||
Forms and means of control. | ||
Educational-thematic planning | ||
Training and metodology complex | ||
Calendar-thematic planning |
Explanatory note.
The structure of the document.
The work program in physics includes three sections: an explanatory note; the main content with an approximate distribution of teaching hours by sections of the course, the recommended sequence of studying topics and sections; requirements for the level of training of students.
1.1 General characteristics of the subject.
Physics as a science about the most general laws of nature, acting as a subject at the Lyceum, makes a significant contribution to the system of knowledge about the world around us. It reveals the role of science in the development of society, contributes to the formation of a modern scientific worldview. Acquaintance of students with the methods of scientific knowledge is supposed to be carried out in the study of all sections of the course of physics, and not only in the study of the special section "Physics and Methods of Scientific Cognition."
To solve problems formation of the foundations of the scientific worldview, the development of intellectual abilities and cognitive interests of students in the process of studying physics, the main attention should be paid to acquaintance with the methods of scientific knowledge of the surrounding world, the formulation of problems that require students to independently work to resolve them.
The study of physics as an integral part of general education consists in the fact that it equips students with a scientific method of cognition, which allows them to obtain objective knowledge about the world around them. .
Knowledge of physical laws is necessary to study chemistry, biology, physical geography, technology, life safety.
The physics course in the approximate program of basic general education is structured on the basis of physical theories: physics and physical methods of cognition of nature; mechanical phenomena; thermal phenomena; electrical and magnetic phenomena; electromagnetic vibrations and waves; quantum phenomena.
The work program of the subject physics targeted at 7th grade students and compiled on the basis of:
Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 273-F "On education in the Russian Federation"
Federal component of the state standard of basic general education, approved by order Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated 05.03.2004 No. 1089
the curriculum of the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Lyceum No. 226 for the 2014/2015 academic year;
the annual educational schedule of the Lyceum for the 2014/2015 academic year.
a sample program of basic general education in physics.
1.2 Learning objectives
Learning physics is part implementation of the educational program GBOU Lyceum No. 226 is aimed at achieving the following goals:
mastering knowledgeabout thermal, electromagnetic and quantum phenomena; values \u200b\u200bcharacterizing these phenomena; the laws to which they obey; about the methods of cognition of nature and the formation on this basis of ideas about the physical picture of the world.
mastery of skillsconduct observations of natural phenomena; describe and summarize the results of observations; use simple measuring instruments to study physical phenomena; present the results of observations or measurements using tables, graphs and reveal empirical dependencies on this basis; apply the knowledge gained to solve physical problems;
application of knowledge in physics to explain the phenomena of nature, the properties of matter, the principles of operation of technical devices, the solution of physical problems, the independent acquisition and assessment of the reliability of new information of physical content, the use of modern information technologies for the search, processing and presentation of educational and popular science information in physics;
development of cognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilitiesin the process of solving physical problems and performing experiments; the ability to independently acquire new knowledge in physics in accordance with vital needs and interests;
educationconviction in the cognizability of the surrounding world; spirit of cooperation in the process of jointly accomplishing tasks, respectful attitude to the opponent's opinion, the validity of the position expressed, readiness for a moral and ethical assessment of the use of scientific achievements, respect for the creators of science and technology , providing the leading role of physics in the creation of the modern world of technology;
use of acquired knowledge and skillsfor solving practical life problems, ensuring the safety of human and society life.
1.3 General learning abilities, skills and modes of activity
The approximate program provides for the formation of general educational skills and abilities, universal methods of activity and key competencies in schoolchildren. In this direction, the priorities for the school physics course at the stage of basic general education are:
Cognitive activity:
use for knowledge of the surrounding world of various natural sciences
methods: observation, measurement, experiment, simulation;
the formation of skills to distinguish between facts, hypotheses, causes, consequences, evidence
bodies, laws, theories;
mastering adequate methods of solving theoretical and experimental
gaining experience in hypothesizing to explain known facts and
experimental verification of hypotheses
Information and communication activities:
possession of monologue and dialogical speech, development
the ability to understand the point of view of the interlocutor and recognize the right to otherwise
use for solving cognitive and communication tasks
various sources of information.
Reflexive activity:
possession of skills to control and evaluate their activities, skills
anticipate the possible results of your actions:
organization of educational activities: goal setting, planning,
determination of the optimal balance of goals and means.
1.4 Learning outcomes
The implementation of the calendar-thematic plan ensures the development of general educational skills and competencies within information and communication activities:the ability to convey the content of the text in a compressed or expanded form in accordance with the purpose of the assignment; create written statements (plan, theses, synopsis); the ability to use various sources of information, including encyclopedias, dictionaries, Internet resources and other databases; consciously choose the expressive means of the language and sign systems: text, table, diagram, audiovisual series, etc. Students are expected to confidently use multimedia resources and computer technologies for processing, transferring and systematizing information, presenting cognitive and practical activities.
2. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF TRAINING OF GRADUATES
7 CLASS
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE BASIC GENERAL
EDUCATION
As a result of studying physics, the student must
know / understand
meaning of concepts: physical phenomenon, physical quantity, model, hypothesis, interaction, atom, atomic nucleus, ionizing radiation;
the meaning of physical quantities: displacement, speed, mass, density, force, pressure, impulse, work, power, mechanical energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, moment of force, efficiency;
meaning of physical laws: Pascal, Archimedes, Newton, Hooke, the law of universal gravitation, the laws of conservation of energy, momentum;
contribution of Russian and foreign scientists that had the greatest impact on the development of physics;
be able to
describe and explain the results of observations and experiments: uniform rectilinear motion, uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion, pressure transmission by liquids and gases, floating bodies;
use physical devices and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities: distance, time span, mass, force, pressure, temperature, air humidity;
give examples of the practical use of physical knowledge about mechanical and thermal phenomena;
apply the knowledge gained to solve physical problems;
define: the nature of the physical process according to the schedule, table, formula;
to measure: speed, free fall acceleration; body mass, substance density, force, work, power, energy, sliding friction coefficient;
express the results of measurements and calculations in units of the International System;
present measurement results using tables, graphs and reveal empirical dependencies on this basis: paths versus time, elastic forces from spring elongation, friction forces from normal pressure forces;
use the acquired knowledge and skills in practice and everyday life for:
ensuring the safety of life in the process of using vehicles, household electrical appliances, electronic equipment;
rational use of simple mechanisms;
assessing the safety of the radiation background.
Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the team of the 7th grade
The work program is drawn up taking into account the individual characteristics of students in grade 7 and the specifics of the class team. There are 25 students in the class, of which there are 14 boys and 11 girls. A distinctive age feature of children is the increased interest in each other on the part of boys and girls, which should also be taken into account when organizing work in groups of permanent and shift composition and when placing children in a class.
There are fairly even, generally friendly relations between the students The bulk of the students in the class are children with a sufficiently high level of ability and motivation for learning, who are able to master the program in the subject above baseline
Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the team of 7 b grade
The work program is designed taking into account the individual characteristics of students in grade 7b and the specifics of the classroom. There are 25 children in the class, of which there are 17 boys, 8 girls. A distinctive age feature of children is the increased interest in each other on the part of boys and girls, which should also be taken into account when organizing work in groups of permanent and shift composition and when placing children in class.
There is a fairly even, generally conflict-free relationship between students. There is a group of children who are distinguished by an extremely slow pace of activity, are hardly involved in collective (group or pair) work, are embarrassed to give oral answers, do not differ in competent monologue speech. In working with these children, an individual approach will be used both in the selection of educational content, adapting it to the intellectual characteristics of children, and in the choice of forms and methods of its development.
The bulk of the students in the class are children with a sufficiently high level of ability and motivation for learning, who are able to master the program in the subject above baseline... They are distinguished by sufficient organization, discipline, a responsible attitude to the implementation of educational, especially homework.
With this in mind, the content of the lessons includes material of an increased level of complexity, differentiated tasks are offered both at the stage of working out the ZUNs and at the stage of control. The organization of work with this group of trainers took into account the fact that they do not differ in a high level of independence in learning activities and are more successful in working on the model than in performing tasks of a creative nature. These guys are often unsure of themselves, suspicious, afraid to make mistakes and hardly survive their own failures. In order to correct and level these features, the children will study individual topics on their own using individual educational programs (IEP).
Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of the 7th grade team
The work program is drawn up taking into account the individual characteristics of students in grade 7 and the specifics of the class team. There are 16 students in the class, of which there are 5 boys and 11 girls. A distinctive age feature of children is the increased interest in each other on the part of boys and girls, which should also be taken into account when organizing work in groups of permanent and shift composition and when placing children in a class.
There is a fairly even, generally conflict-free relationship between the students, but there is a child who stands out from the classroom. In working with this child, an individual approach should be used both in the selection of educational content, adapting it to the intellectual characteristics of the child, and in the choice of forms and methods of its development, which must correspond to personal characteristics.
The bulk of the class is children with a very average level of ability and low motivation for learning (most children come to school for communication), who find it difficult master the curriculum in a subject even at a basic level. They are characterized by poor organization, indiscipline, and often irresponsible attitude to the implementation of educational, especially homework. They have insufficiently formed basic mental functions (analysis, comparison, highlighting the main thing), poor memory.
In the class, a group of students can be distinguished who quite often do not have everything necessary for the lesson, do not do their homework. To include these children in the work in the classroom, non-traditional forms of organizing their activities, frequent changes in types of work, will be used, because these children are not able to force themselves to work by willful effort.
In general, the students of the class are very heterogeneous in terms of their individual characteristics: memory, attention, imagination, thinking, level of efficiency, pace of activity, temperament. This necessitated the use of different channels of perception of educational material, various forms and methods of work in working with them.
Forms and means of control.
The main methods of testing students' knowledge and skills in physics are oral questioning, written and laboratory work. Written forms of control include: physical dictations, independent and control works, tests. The main types of knowledge testing are current and final. The current check is carried out systematically from lesson to lesson, and the final one - at the end of the topic (section) of the school course.
Distribution of written works by course
4. Academic-thematic plan
Grade 7: 102 hours a year, 3 hours a week
Number of hours | Topic of section | Number of hours to study | List of laboratory works |
/ 5 | Observation and description of physical phenomena . International System of Units (SI) | 1. Determination of the scale division of the measuring device. 2. Determining the volume of a rectangular parallelepiped and a cylinder using a ruler |
|
Measurement errors | |||
/ 8 | The structure of matter. Molecules | 3. Measuring the dimensions of small bodies |
|
Diffusion in gases, liquids and solids | |||
Three states of matter. The difference in the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases | |||
Body Interaction / 32 | 4 . Measurement of body weight on a beam scale 5. Measurement of body volume 6 Determination of the density of a solid 7. Determination of the density of potatoes and the percentage of starch in it 8. Spring graduation and force measurement with a dynamometer |
||
The phenomenon of inertia | |||
The interaction of bodies. Mass and density of matter | |||
The interaction of bodies. Examples of forces in nature | |||
Pressure of solids, liquids and gases / 33 | Pressure. Pressure units | 9. Determination of the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid 10. Clarification of the conditions of swimming of the body in liquid |
|
Gas and liquid pressure. Pascal's law | |||
Air weight. Atmosphere pressure | |||
The action of liquid and gas on a body immersed in them. Archimedean force | |||
Work and power. Energy / 16 | Work and power | 11. Finding out the condition of the balance of the lever 12. Determination of efficiency when lifting a body along an inclined plane |
|
Simple mechanisms. Efficiency | |||
Repetition / 8 | Repetition, problem solving |
Changes made to the sample program
The program has been amended on the basis of the curriculum of the secondary school № 226 for the 2014/2015 academic year, according to which an expanded program of studying physics in the 7th grade is being implemented in the lyceum. At the same time, considerable time is allocated for the formation and development of the ability to solve high-quality, computational and experimental problems at workshops on solving problems of an increased and high level of complexity.
The comparison table is shown below.
Section | Number of hours in the sample program | Number of hours in the work program |
|
in the sample program | in the work program |
||
Physics and physical methods of studying nature | Physics and physical methods of studying nature | ||
Initial information about the structure of matter | Initial information about the structure of matter | ||
Interaction of bodies | Interaction of bodies | ||
Pressure of solids, liquids and gases | |||
Power and performance. Energy | Power and performance. Energy | ||
Reiteration | Reiteration | ||
Total | |||
The introduction of these changes allows you to cover all the material studied in the program, to increase the level of students' learning in the subject, and also to more effectively implement an individual approach to students.
The work program provides for a reserve of free study time in the amount of 2 academic hours for the implementation of the author's approaches, the use of various forms of organizing the educational process, the introduction of modern teaching methods and pedagogical
technologies.
1) Technology of modern project learning
2) Activity technologies
3) Cultural and educational technology of differentiated education according to the interests of children (IN Zakatova).
4) Technologies of level differentiation. Model "Intra-class (intra-subject) differentiation" (NP Guzik)
5. EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL COMPLEX:
To the student:
1. Textbook: Peryshkin A.V. Physics: a textbook for the 7th grade of general educational institutions - 10th ed., Stereotype. - M .: Bustard, 2010. –192 p .: ill.
2. Physics. Grade 7: teaching aid / A.E. Maron, E.A. Maroon. - 6th ed., Stereotype. - M.: Bustard, 2008.- 125 . \
To the teacher:
3. Gutnik E.M., Rybakov E.V. Physics. Grade 7: thematic and lesson planning for the textbook of AV Peryshkin "Physics. 7th grade". - 3rd ed., Stereotype. - M .: Bustard, 2005 .-- 93 p.
4 Physics. Grade 7 / S.N. Domnina. - M: National Education, 2012 .-- 96s
5. Getting ready for the GIA. Physics grade 7. Final testing in the format of an exam / Author-comp .: M.V. Boydenko, O. N. Miroshkina. - Yaroslavl, 2010.64s.
6. Calendar and thematic planning (curriculum and thematic plan)
№n \\ n lesson | Lesson numberin the subject | § | Lesson type | Topic name | Requirements for the level of training | Number of hours | timing | Note(forms and methods of control) |
|
Learning new material | Safety precautions in the physics room. What physics studies. Observations and Experiments. | Know:meaning of the concept "substance". Be able to: use physical devices and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities. Express results in SI. | 1 .09 | ||||||
Combined lesson | Physical quantities. Measurement of physical quantities. Measurement accuracy and error. | 3 .09 | Verbal responses |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 1 "Determination of the scale division of a measuring device" | 5 .09 | |||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 2 "Determination of the volume of a rectangular parallelepiped and a cylinder using a ruler" | 8 .09 | |||||||
Combined lesson | Physics and technology | 10 .09 | Verbal responses |
||||||
Initial information about the structure of matter | |||||||||
Combined lesson | The structure of matter. Molecules. | Know the meaning of the concepts:substance, interaction, atom (molecule). Be able to:describe and explain the physical phenomenon of diffusion Acquisition of skills when working with equipment. Ability to draw conclusions, explain | 12 .09 | Physical dictation |
|||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 3 "Measuring the dimensions of small bodies" | 15 .09 | |||||||
Combined lesson | Diffusion in gases, liquids and solids. | 17 .09 | |||||||
Lesson in applying knowledge | Mutual attraction and repulsion of molecules | 19 .09 | Training tasks |
||||||
Knowledge control lesson | Three states of matter. The difference in the molecular structure of solids, liquids and gases. | 22 .09 | Independent work. Solving problems |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Lesson workshop "The structure of matter" | 24 .09 | Drawing up a classification table "Structure of matter" |
||||||
Lesson in applying knowledge | Repetitive-generalizing lesson on the topic "Initial information about the structure of matter" | 26 .09 | |||||||
Control lesson | Examination work No. 1 "Initial information about the structure of matter" | 29 .10 | Solving problems |
||||||
Interaction of bodies | |||||||||
Learning new material | Mechanical movement. Uniform and uneven movement | Know: - phenomenon of inertia, physical law, interaction; The meaning of the concepts: path, speed, mass, density. Be able to: Describe and explain uniform straight-line motion; Use physical instruments to measure path, time, mass and force; Reveal dependence: paths on distance, speed on time, force on speed; Express quantities in SI | 1 .10 | Workshop on problem solving |
|||||
Learning new material | Speed. Speed \u200b\u200bunits | 3 .10 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Combined lesson | Calculation of the path and travel time. | 6 .10 | Physical dictation |
||||||
Workshop on problem solving. Calculation of the way and time. | 8 .10 | Testing |
|||||||
Control lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Graphical representation of movement. | 10 .10 | Workshop on problem solving |
||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Average speed. | 13 .10 | Workshop on problem solving |
Lesson in applying knowledge | 15 .10 | Verification work |
|||||||
Combined lesson | The phenomenon of inertia. | 17 .10 | Oral questioning on the material |
||||||
Combined lesson | The interaction of bodies. Body mass. Units of mass. | Know,that the measure of any interaction of bodies is force, the definition of mass, unit of mass. Be able to give examples | 20 .10 | Verbal responses |
|||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 4 "Measurement of body weight on a beam balance" | Skillwork with devices when finding body weight | 22 .10 | ||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 5 "Measurement of body volume" | Skillwork with devices when finding body volume | 24 .10 | ||||||
Combined lesson | Density of matter | Knowdetermination of substance density, formula. Be able towork with physical quantities included in this formula | 27 .10 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Combined lesson | Calculation of body mass and volume by its density. | 29 .10 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Combined lesson | 31 .10 | Workshop on problem solving |
|||||||
Lesson in assessing knowledge on a topic | Workshop on solving problems with calculating the volume, finding the number of objects. | 10 .11 | Workshop on problem solving |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 6 "Determination of the density of a solid substance" | Be able to | 12 .11 | ||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 7 "Determination of the density of potatoes and the percentage of starch in it" | Be able towork with devices (beaker, scales). | 14 .11 | ||||||
Lesson in assessing knowledge on a topic | Verification work with an experimental task. | Be able towork with physical quantities included in the formula for finding the mass of a substance | 17 .11 | Verification work |
|||||
Learning new material | Force. Force units. | Knowdefinition of force, units of its measurement and designations | 19 .11 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Learning new material | The phenomenon of gravitation. The force of gravity | Knowdetermination of gravity. Be able to | 21 .11 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Learning new material | Strength of elasticity. Hooke's law | Knowdetermination of the elastic force. Be able toschematically depict the point of its application to the body. | 24 .11 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Learning new material | Body weight. Weightlessness. | Knowdetermination of body weight. Be able toschematically depict the point of its application to the body | 26 .11 | Theoretical survey on the material. |
|||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | The relationship between gravity and body mass | Explain and classify the knowledge gained. Working out the formula between strength and body mass | 28 .11 | Workshop on problem solving |
Lesson-workshop | Dinanometer. Laboratory work No. 8 "Spring graduation and force measurement with a dynamometer" | Be able towork with physical devices. Graduation of the instrument scale. | 1 .12 | ||||||
Learning new material | The addition of two forces directed along one straight line. Resultant forces | Know: rule of addition of forces. Be able to:to draw up diagrams of vectors of forces acting on the body | 3 .12 | Frontal poll |
|||||
Learning new material | Friction force. Sliding friction. Rest friction. | Know the concepts:frictional forces. Be able to:give examples. | 5 .12 | Physical dictation |
|||||
Combined lesson | Friction in nature and technology | 8 .12 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Lesson-workshop “Study of the dependence of the sliding friction force on the type of rubbing surfaces, pressure force, support area. Comparison of static friction, sliding, rolling " | 10 .12 | |||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Generalizing lesson on the topic "The movement and interaction of bodies" ("The city will be founded here") | Be able tosolve problems on the topic "The movement and interaction of bodies". | 12 .12 | Solving problems on the topic "The structure of the atom" |
|||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Preparation for the test | 15 .12 | |||||||
Lesson control | Test number 2 on the topic "The movement and interaction of bodies" | 17 .12 | Solving problems |
||||||
Knowledge correction lesson | Be able to | 19 .12 | |||||||
Learning new material | Pressure. Pressure units | Know determination of pressure, density, substances, volume and mass | 22 .12 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Learning new material | Ways to decrease and increase pressure | 24 .12 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. (calculation of the pressure of a rigid body, taking into account the formulas of body weight, density, volume of a rectangular parallelepiped) | 26 .12 | Solving problems |
||||||
Combined lesson | 12 .01 | Solving problems |
|||||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. (calculation of the pressure of a rigid body, taking into account the formulas of body weight, density, volume of a rectangular parallelepiped, taking into account the changing mass of the pressing body, calculation of the plate pressure (if only its thickness is given)) | 14 .01 | Solving problems |
||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Verification work with experimental task | 16 .01 | Verification work |
||||||
Combined lesson | Gas pressure. | Know:properties of gases, experiments proving gas pressure, conditions for increasing and decreasing gas pressure. | 19 .01 | Theoretical survey by material |
Combined lesson | Pascal's law. Pressure in liquid and gas | Knowsense of physical laws : pascal's law. Be able to: Explain the transmission of pressure in liquids and gases; Use physical instruments to measure pressure; Express quantities in SI | 21 .01 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Combined lesson | Calculation of the fluid pressure at the bottom of the vessel. Pressure in liquid and gas | 23 .01 | Independent work with equipment |
||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Solving problems for calculating the pressure of a liquid on the bottom and walls of a vessel and determining the pressure force. | 26 .01 | Verification work |
||||||
Combined lesson | Communicating vessels. The use of communicating vessels. | 28 .01 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Intermediate generalization of the topic "Pressure of solids, liquids and gases" "Physics in nature" | 30 .01 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Lesson control | Control work No. 3 on the topic "Pressure". Pascal's Law " | 2 .02 | Solving problems |
||||||
Combined lesson | Air weight. Atmosphere pressure. Why does the Earth's air shell exist | Be able to: describe and explain the phenomenon of atmospheric pressure. Know: history of the issue | 4 .02 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Combined lesson | Measurement of atmospheric pressure. The Torricelli Experience. | Be able to:measure atmospheric pressure using a barometer. Know: historical experience of Torricelli | 6 .02 | Solving problems. Verification work |
|||||
Combined lesson | Aneroid barometer. Atmospheric pressure at different altitudes | Be able to: explain the change in atmospheric pressure with altitude | 9 .02 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Lesson workshop | Lesson-workshop. “Problem solving: rules of communicating vessels. Measurement of atmospheric pressure " | Be able to: solve problems for calculating the pressure of a liquid in communicating vessels; determine atmospheric pressure | 11 .02 | Solving problems |
|||||
Combined lesson | Pressure gauges. Piston and liquid pump. Hydraulic Press. | Know / understand: application of hydraulic machines, piston and fluid pumps | 13 .02 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Combined lesson | The action of liquid and gas on a body immersed in them. Archimedean force | Know / understand:the meaning of Archimedes' law | 16 .02 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 9 "Determination of the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid" | Know / understand: how to determine the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid | 18 .02 | ||||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Determination of the Archimedes force, taking into account the formula for the volume of a rectangular parallelepiped, with mathematical transformations of the direct formula. | Be able to solve tasks for calculating the strength of Archimedes; be able to use reference books | 20 .02 | Solving problems |
Combined lesson | Be able to: -- solve tasks for calculating the strength of Archimedes; Use reference literature; Use formulas to calculate density and volume when determining the Archimedes force | 25 .02 | Solving problems |
||||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Solving problems in which the density formula is used to find the volume of a body, the problem: "What force must be applied to ... to keep it under water?" | 27 .02 | Solving problems |
||||||
Combined lesson | Swimming bodies | Know / understand swimming conditions for bodies; be able to solve problems on the use of swimming conditions | 2 .03 | Physical dictation |
|||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 10 "Elucidation of the conditions for swimming the body in a liquid" | Be able to describe and explain the swimming conditions of bodies | 4 .03 | ||||||
Combined lesson | Ships sailing. Aeronautics | Know / understand sailing conditions of ships; principles of aeronautics | 6 .03 | Physical dictation |
|||||
Combined lesson | Distance learning. | Be able tosolve tasks for calculating the carrying capacity and displacement of ships | 9 .03 | Solving problems |
|||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Solving problems of carrying capacity, loading and unloading. | 11 .03 | Physical dictation. Solving problems |
||||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving. Solving problems of carrying capacity, loading and unloading. | 13 .03 | Solving problems |
||||||
Intermediate control lesson | Verification work with an experimental task. | Be able to | 16 .03 | Solving problems Verification work |
|||||
Combined lesson | Generalization of the topic: "Archimedean force, swimming of bodies, aeronautics." | Be able to use formulas to calculate the force of Archimedes, the conditions of swimming of bodies and the principles of aeronautics | 18 .03 | Solving problems |
|||||
Lesson control | Test number 4 on the topic " Pressure of solids, liquids and gases» | Be able to apply the knowledge gained in solving problems | 20 .03 | Solving problems |
|||||
Knowledge correction lesson | Analysis of the test work. Work on bugs. | Be able to analyze errors made in solving problems | 1 .04 | ||||||
Work and power. Energy | |||||||||
Learning new material | Mechanical work | Know / understand meaning of the value "work", Be able to calculate work for the simplest cases | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Lesson in applying knowledge | Workshop on problem solving | Be able to solve problems for calculating mechanical work | Solving problems |
Learning new material | Power | Know / understand meaning of the value "power", Be able to calculate cardinality for the simplest cases | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Lesson in applying knowledge | Workshop on problem solving | Be able to solve tasks for calculating work and power | 1 0 . 04 | Solving problems |
|||||
Lesson workshop | Simple mechanisms. Lever arm. The balance of forces on the lever | Know types of simple mechanisms and their application; Be able to derive the equilibrium condition of the lever | 1 3.04 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Learning new material | Moment of power | Knowthe formula for calculating the moment of force; be able toapply this formula when solving problems | 1 5.04 | Theoretical survey by material |
|||||
Lesson-workshop | Workshop on problem solving | Be able to in practice, determine the equilibrium condition of the lever | Independent work |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Levers in technology, everyday life and nature. Laboratory work No. 11 "Finding out the condition of the balance of the lever" | Know / explainwhere and what the blocks are used for; distinguish between movable and fixed blocks | 2 0.04 | ||||||
58,59 | Learning new material | Blocks. Gate. Polyspast. Inclined plane. | Know / understand meaning of the "golden rule" of mechanics, apply this rule when solving problems | 2 2.04 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||
Lesson-workshop | Lesson-workshop "Comparison of mechanical work when moving a load horizontally and vertically" | Know / understand meaning of efficiency, to be able to calculate the efficiency of simple mechanisms | 2 4.04 | Solving problems |
|||||
60,61 | Combined lesson | "The golden rule of mechanics" The efficiency of the mechanism. | Know / understand meaning of the efficiency of the inclined plane, be able to calculate the efficiency of an inclined plane | 2 7.04 | Theoretical survey by material |
||||
Combined lesson | Workshop on problem solving | Be able to In practice, determine the efficiency of an inclined plane, Describe ways to increase the efficiency of simple machines | Practical work |
||||||
Lesson-workshop | Laboratory work No. 12 "Determination of efficiency when lifting a body along an inclined plane" | Be able to solve problems for calculating the efficiency of simple mechanisms and the "golden rule" of mechanics | |||||||
Learning new material | Energy. Potential and kinetic energy. Solving problems | Know / understand the physical meaning of mechanical, kinetic and potential energy, know the formulas for their calculation | Theoretical survey by material |
||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Test number 5 on the topic “Work and power. Energy." | Know / understand the physical meaning of the law of conservation of mechanical energy; using it to solve problems | Solving problems |
Learning new material | Conversion of one type of mechanical energy into another. Total mechanical energy conservation law | Be able toapply the knowledge gained in solving problems | 1 1.05 | Solving problems |
|||||
Reiteration. | |||||||||
Lesson in repetition and generalization | Initial information about the structure of matter | 1 3.05 | |||||||
Lesson in repetition and generalization | Interaction of bodies | 1 5.05 | |||||||
Lesson in repetition and generalization | Pressure of solids, liquids and gases | ||||||||
Lesson in repetition and generalization | Work and power. Energy | ||||||||
Lesson in applying knowledge | Final control work. | Control and accounting of knowledge |
|||||||
Knowledge consolidation lesson | Analysis of the final test | ||||||||
Total hours |
Physics, grades 7-9, Work program.
The work program in physics is based on an approximate program for educational institutions, the federal component of the state standard of basic general education, with the calculation of 2 hours per week in grades 7-9 according to the basic curriculum and in accordance with the selected textbooks:
A.V. Peryshkin Physics Grade 7
A.V. Peryshkin Physics Grade 8
A.V. Peryshkin, E.M. Gutnik Physics Grade 9.
The work program contains the distribution of teaching hours by sections of the course and the sequence of studying the sections of physics, taking into account intersubject and intrasubject connections, the logic of the educational process, the age characteristics of students, contains a minimum set of experiments demonstrated by the teacher in the classroom, laboratory and practical work performed by students.
Main content.
Grade 8 (72h)
1. Thermal phenomena (12h)
Internal energy. Thermal motion. Temperature. Heat transfer. Irreversibility of the heat transfer process. Connection between the temperature of a substance and the chaotic movement of its particles. Ways to change internal energy. Thermal conductivity. Quantity of heat. Specific heat. Convection. Radiation. The law of conservation of energy in thermal processes.
Laboratory work and experiments
Comparison of the amounts of heat when mixing water of different temperatures.
Measurement of the specific heat of a solid.
Demonstrations
Change in internal energy during heat transfer.
Thermal conductivity of various bodies.
Comparison of heat capacities of bodies of the same mass.
Observation of convection in the living area.
Evaporation of various liquids.
2. Change of state of aggregation of matter (13h)
Melting and crystallization. Specific heat of fusion. Melting and curing schedule. Energy conversion when the state of aggregation changes
substances. Evaporation and condensation. Specific heat of vaporization and condensation.
Work of steam and gas during expansion. Boiling liquid. Air humidity.
Heat engines. Fuel energy. Specific heat of combustion. Aggregate states. Energy conversion in heat engines. Heat engine efficiency.
Laboratory work and experiments
Measuring the relative humidity of the air with a thermometer.
Demonstrations
Cooling of liquids by evaporation.
The device and operation of a four-stroke internal combustion engine.
The current model of the steam engine.
Showing the steam turbine using transparencies or photographs.
Greenhouse effect.
Table of contents
I Explanatory note
II Federal component of the state standard
III Main content
IV Requirements for the level of training of graduates of educational institutions of basic general education in physics
V Criteria and norms for student assessment
VI Calendar-thematic planning
7th grade
8th grade
Grade 9
VII Control works
7th grade
8th grade
Grade 9.
Free download the e-book in a convenient format, watch and read:
Download the book Physics, grade 7-9, Working program - fileskachat.com, fast and free download.
Download doc
Below you can buy this book at the best discounted price with delivery throughout Russia.
Thematic planning
2 hours a week, total - 70 hours
| Theme | Number of hours | Number of laboratory works | Number of tests |
| Physics and physical methods of studying nature | |||
| Initial information about the structure of matter | |||
| Interaction of bodies | |||
| Pressure of solids, liquids and gases | |||
| Work and power. Energy of bodies | |||
| Reiteration | |||
| Total | 70 | 9 | 5 |
Content of the studied course
I ... Physics and physical methods of studying nature. (3 hours)
Subject and methods of physics. An experimental method for studying nature. Measurement of physical quantities.
Measurement error. Generalization of the experimental results.
Observation of the simplest phenomena and processes of nature with the help of the senses (sight, hearing, touch). Using the simplest measuring instruments. Schematic representation of experiments. Methods of obtaining knowledge in physics. Physics and technology.
Demonstrations
Examples of mechanical, thermal, electrical, magneticand light phenomena.Physical devices.
1. Determination of the scale division value of the measuring device.
Know the meaning of the concept of "substance". Be able to use physical instruments and measuring instruments to measure physical quantities. Express results in SI.
II . The initial intelligence about the structure of matter. ( 7 hours)
Hypothesis about the discrete structure of matter. Molecules. Continuity and randomness of motion of particles of matter.
Diffusion. Brownian motion. Gas, liquid and solid models.
Interaction of particles of matter. Mutual attraction and repulsion of molecules.
Three states of matter.
Demonstrations: The structure of matter.Thermal motion of atoms and molecules. Brownian motion. Diffusion. Interaction of particles of matter. Models of the structure of gases, liquids and solids andexplanation of substance properties based on these ICT models. Compressibility of gases.Preservation of the volume of liquid when changing the shape of the vessel. Clutch of lead cylinders.
Frontal laboratory work.
2. Measuring the size of small bodies.
Requirements for the level of training of students.
Know the meaning of the concepts: substance, interaction, atom (molecule). Be able to describe and explain a physical phenomenon: diffusion.
III ... The interaction of bodies. (20 hours.)
Mechanical movement. Uniform and uneven movement. Speed.
Calculation of the path and travel time. Trajectory. Rectilinear motion.
The interaction of bodies. Inertia. Weight. Density.
Measurement of body weight on the scales. Calculation of mass and volume by its density.
Force.Forces in nature: gravity, gravity, friction, elasticity. Hooke's Law. Body weight. The relationship between gravity and body weight. Dynamometer. The addition of two forces directed along one straight line.Friction.
Elastic deformation.
Frontal laboratory work.
3. Measurement of body weight on a beam balance.
4.Measuring the volume of a solid.
5. Determination of the density of a solid.
6. Dynamometer. Spring graduation and force measurement with a dynamometer.
Requirements for the level of training of students.
Know:
phenomenon of inertia, physical law, interaction;
meaning of the concepts: path, speed, mass, density.
Be able to:
describe and explain uniform rectilinear motion;
use physical instruments to measure path, time, mass, force;
identify dependence: paths on distance, speed on time, force on speed;
express values \u200b\u200bin SI.
To know that force is the measure of the interaction of bodies. Be able to give examples.
Know:
determination of mass;
units of mass.
Be able to reproduce or write a formula.
Know the definition of the density of a substance, the formula. Be able to work with physical quantities included in this formula.
Be able to work with devices when finding body weight, with a beaker and scales.
To be able to work with physical quantities included in the formula for finding the mass of a substance.
To be able to reproduce and find physical quantities: mass, density, volume of a substance.
Know the definition of force, units of its measurement and designations. Know the definition of gravity.
Be able to schematically depict the point of its application to the body.
Know the definition of elastic force. Be able to schematically depict the point of its application to the body.
Working out the formula for the relationship between strength and body mass.
Be able to work with physical devices. Graduation of the instrument scale.
Ability to draw up diagrams of vectors of forces acting not on the body.
Know the definition of friction force. Be able to give examples.
IV .Pressure of solids, liquids and gases. (21 hours)
Pressure.The Torricelli Experience.
Aneroid barometer.
Atmospheric pressure at different altitudes. Pascal's law.Ways to increase and decrease pressure.
Gas pressure.Air weight. Air shell. Measurement of atmospheric pressure. Pressure gauges.
Piston liquid pump. Pressure transfer by solids, liquids, gases.
The action of liquid and gas on a body immersed in them. Calculation of fluid pressure on the bottom and walls of the vessel.
Communicating vessels. Archimedean strength. Hydraulic Press.
Swimming tel. Ships sailing. Aeronautics.
Frontal laboratory work.
7. Measurement of the buoyancy force acting on a body immersed in a liquid.
Requirements for the level of training of students.
Know the definition of physical quantities: pressure, density of matter, volume, mass.
Know the meaning of physical laws: Pascal's law.
Be able to:
explain the transfer of pressure in liquids and gases;
use physical instruments to measure pressure;
express values \u200b\u200bin SI.
Know the meaning of physical laws: Archimedes' law.
Be able to solve problems based on Archimedes' law.
To be able to reproduce and find physical quantities according to the formula of Archimedes' law.
V ... Work and power. Energy. (15 hours)
Job. Power. Energy. Kinetic energy. Potential energy. The law of conservation of mechanical energy. Simple mechanisms. Efficiency of mechanisms.
Lever arm. The balance of forces on the lever. Moment of power. Levers in technology, everyday life and nature.
Application of the Lever Equilibrium Law to the Block. Equality of work when using simple mechanisms. The "golden rule" of mechanics.
Frontal laboratory work.
8. Determination of the condition of the balance of the lever.
9. Determination of efficiency when lifting the cart on an inclined plane.
Requirements for the level of training of students.
Know the definition of work, the designation of the physical quantity and the unit of measurement.
Know the definition of power, the designation of the physical quantity and the unit of measurement.
To be able to reproduce formulas, find physical quantities: work, power.
Know the structure of the lever. To be able to depict the location of forces in the figure and find the moment of force.
Be able to:
conduct an experiment and measure the length of the lever arms and the mass of the weights;
work with physical devices.
Know the structure of the block and the golden rule of mechanics, explain with examples.
Know the definitions of physical quantities: work, power, efficiency, energy.
Know the definition of physical quantities: the efficiency of mechanisms.
Be able to determine strength, height, work (useful and expended).
Know:
determination of physical quantities: energy, types of energy;
energy units;
law of energy conservation.
Know the meaning of the law of conservation of energy, give examples of mechanical energy and its transformation.
Be able to solve problems.
VI ... Reiteration. (2 hours)
Requirements for the level of training of students.
Know the definitions, designations, finding the studied quantities. Know basic concepts
