Monuments to those who died in the Great Patriotic War. Sword of Victory - a triptych of monumental Soviet monuments A story about a memorable place after the war
Hello dear.
On the eve of the holiday, let us recall some of the famous monuments
So...
"Warrior Liberator"- a monument in Berlin's Treptow Park.
Sculptor E. V. Vuchetich, architect Ya. B. Belopolsky, artist A. V. Gorpenko, engineer S. S. Valerius.
Opened May 8, 1949.
Height - 12 meters. Weight - 70 tons.
"Motherland" (Batkivshchyna-mother)
The author of the memorial is Yevgeny Vuchetich;
After Vuchetich's death, the Ukrainian sculptor Vasily Borodai took charge of the project;
Sculptors: Fried Sagoyan, Vasily Vinaykin. Architects: Victor Elizarov, Georgy Kisly, Nikolay Feshchenko.
Opened as part of the museum complex in 1981 on Victory Day.
The height of the Motherland sculpture (from the pedestal to the tip of the sword) is 62 meters.
The total height with the pedestal is 102 meters.
In one hand, the statue holds a 16-meter sword weighing 9 tons, in the other - a shield measuring 13 × 8 meters with the coat of arms of the USSR (weighing 13 tons).
The entire structure is all-welded and weighs 450 tons.
The frame itself begins at a depth of 17.8 meters (from the entrance to the museum). A concrete well with a diameter of 34 meters goes to this depth. 
"Motherland is calling!"— Volgograd.
The monument is the central part of the triptych, which also consists of the monuments "Rear to Front" in Magnitogorsk and "Warrior-Liberator" in Treptow Park in Berlin. It is understood that the sword, forged on the banks of the Urals, was then raised by the Motherland in Stalingrad and lowered after the Victory in Berlin
Sculptor - E. V. Vuchetich. Engineer N. V. Nikitin
The sculpture is made of prestressed concrete - 5500 tons of concrete and 2400 tons of metal structures (without the base on which it stands).
The total height of the monument is 85 meters (the sculpture itself) - 87 meters (the sculpture with the mounting plate). It is installed on a concrete foundation 16 meters deep. The height of the female figure without the sword is 52 meters. The mass of the monument is over 8 thousand tons.
The statue stands on a 2-meter-high slab, which rests on the main foundation. This foundation is 16 meters high, but it is almost invisible - most of it is hidden underground. 
Monument "Rear to front". Magnitogorsk. It is considered the first part of the triptych, which also consists of the Motherland monuments on Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd and the Liberator Warrior in Treptow Park in Berlin.
Sculptor - Lev Nikolaevich Golovnitsky, architect - Yakov Borisovich Belopolsky.
Material - bronze, granite. Height - 15 meters.
Monument to the heroic defenders of Leningrad on Victory Square in St. Petersburg
Sculptor: M. K. Anikushin. Architects: V. A. Kamensky, S. B. Speransky
Construction 1974-1975
Height 48 m
Material: bronze, granite 
"Motherland"- in St. Petersburg at the Piskarevsky memorial cemetery.
The authors of the ensemble are architects A. V. Vasiliev, E. A. Levinson, sculptors V. V. Isaeva and R. K. Taurit (“Motherland” and reliefs on the side walls), M. A. Vainman, B. E Kaplyansky, A. L. Malahin, M. M. Kharlamova (high reliefs on the central stele).
"Alyosha"- a monument to the Soviet soldier-liberator, in the Bulgarian city of Plovdiv on the hill Bunardzhik ("Hill of the Liberators").
Sculptors V. Radoslavov and others, architects N. Marangozov and others.
Height 10 meters
The prototype of the monument is an ordinary consolidated company of the 3rd Ukrainian Front Alexei Ivanovich Skurlatov, a former shooter of the 10th separate ski battalion of the 922nd rifle regiment, transferred to signalmen due to a serious wound. In 1944 he restored the Plovdiv-Sofia telephone line. In Plovdiv, Aleksey Ivanovich became friends with a telephone exchange worker, Metodi Vitanov, a member of the Bulgarian Resistance. Metodi Vitanov gave the photo of Alexei to the sculptor Vasil Rodoslavov, who created the monument based on this image
Memorial - "Brest fortress is a hero"
The memorial "Brest Hero Fortress" was built according to the designs of the sculptor Alexander Pavlovich Kibalnikov.
Sculpture "Unbowed Man" in Khatyn
Architects: Yu. Gradov, V. Zankovich, L. Levin. Sculptor S. Selikhanov. The grand opening of the Khatyn memorial complex took place on July 5, 1969. 
Broken ring.(Kokkarevo, Leningrad region)
Architect V. G. Filippov. Sculptor K. M. Simun, Design engineer I. A. Rybin; 
Have a nice time of the day.
During the Great Patriotic War it became one of the most significant themes in Soviet art - literature, painting, cinema. Portal "Culture.RF" recalled the most important sculptural monuments dedicated to the tragedy of this time.
"Motherland is calling!" In Volgograd
Photo: 1zoom.ru
One of the tallest statues in the world "Motherland is calling!" is included in the sculptural triptych along with the monuments "Rear to Front" in Magnitogorsk and "Warrior-Liberator" in Treptow Park in Berlin. The author of the monument was Yevgeny Vuchetich, who created the figure of a woman with a sword raised above her head. The most complex construction took place between 1959 and 1967. It took 5.5 thousand tons of concrete and 2.4 thousand tons of metal structures to make the monument. Inside the "Motherland" is absolutely hollow, it consists of separate chambers, in which metal cables are stretched, supporting the frame of the monument. The height of the grandiose monument is 85 meters, it is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the largest sculpture-statue in the world at the time of the construction of the monument.
"Let's beat swords into plowshares" in Moscow
Photo: Oksana Aleshina / photo bank "Lori"
The statues of Yevgeny Vuchetich "Let's Forge Swords into Plowshares", depicting a worker who forges weapons into a plow, are located in several cities around the world. The very first was installed in 1957 at the UN Headquarters in New York - it was a gift to the States from the Soviet Union as a sign of friendship. Other author's copies of the monument can be seen near the Central House of Artists in Moscow, in the Kazakh city of Ust-Kamenogorsk and in Volgograd. This work by Yevgeny Vuchetich was recognized not only in the USSR, but also abroad: for it he was awarded the silver medal of the Peace Council and received the Grand Prix at an exhibition in Brussels.
"To the Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" in St. Petersburg
Photo: Igor Litvyak / photobank "Lori"
The project of the monument to the "Heroic Defenders of Leningrad" was developed by sculptors and architects who participated in the defense of the city - Valentin Kamensky, Sergey Speransky and Mikhail Anikushin. Deployed to one of the bloodiest places in the history of the battle for Leningrad - the Pulkovo Heights, the composition consists of 26 bronze sculptures of the city's defenders (soldiers, workers) and a 48-meter granite obelisk in the center. The Blockade memorial hall is also located here, separated by an open ring, symbolizing the breakthrough of the fascist defense of Leningrad. The memorial was built at the expense of voluntary donations from the townspeople.
"Defenders of the Soviet Arctic during the Great Patriotic War" ("Alyosha") in Murmansk
Photo: Irina Borsuchenko / photo bank "Lori"
One of the tallest Russian monuments, the 35-meter Murmansk "Alyosha", was erected in Murmansk in memory of unknown soldiers who gave their lives for the Soviet Arctic. The monument is located on a high hill - 173 meters above sea level, so the figure of a soldier in a raincoat with a machine gun over his shoulder can be seen from anywhere in the city. The Eternal Flame is burning next to Alyosha and there are two anti-aircraft guns. The authors of the project are architects Igor Pokrovsky and Isaac Brodsky.
"To Panfilov Heroes" in Dubosekovo
Photo: rotfront.su
The memorial complex in Dubosekovo, dedicated to the feat of 28 soldiers from the division of Major General Ivan Panfilov, consists of six 10-meter sculptures: a political officer, two fighters with grenades and three more soldiers. In front of the sculptural group there is a strip of concrete slabs - this is a symbol of the line that the Germans were never able to overcome. The authors of the monument project were Nikolai Lyubimov, Alexei Postol, Vladimir Fedorov, Vitaly Datyuk, Yuri Krivushchenko and Sergei Khadzhibaronov.
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Moscow
Photo: Dmitry Neumoin / photo bank "Lori"
In 1966, a memorial dedicated to the Unknown Soldier was built in the Alexander Garden near the Kremlin wall. The ashes of one of the soldiers buried in a mass grave and a helmet from the times of the Great Patriotic War are buried here. The inscription "Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal" is carved on a granite tombstone. Since May 8, 1967, the Eternal Flame has been continuously burning on the monument, which was lit from the fire on the Field of Mars. Another part of the memorial is burgundy porphyry blocks depicting a golden star, in which capsules with earth from hero cities (Leningrad, Volgograd, Tula and others) are walled up.
Monument to the soldiers of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in Yekaterinburg
Photo: Elena Koromyslova / photo bank "Lori"
Magazine/Monuments to the soldiers of the Great Patriotic War - bright travel ideas from the "Subtleties of Tourism". The best ratings and selections about tourism on the pages of Subtleties.
The Victory Day of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 (1945), and the official name is exactly this, is the most important holiday for all the inhabitants of our country. The significance of this day for all of us and future generations cannot be overestimated. The little that we can do for those who gave their lives for our future is to carefully preserve the memory of those who died for the Motherland, not to forget ourselves and tell children about these sad pages in the history of the 20th century. This goal - to perpetuate the memory of the fallen - is served by museums and monuments, which are many in Russia and abroad.
Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Alexander Garden
The Eternal Flame burns here and a guard of honor is on duty every day. During official events, wreaths are laid at the memorial by heads of state, and the rest of the time, newlyweds, who traditionally come here on their wedding day, bring flowers.
The central element of the memorial ensemble near the walls of the Moscow Kremlin is a niche with the inscription “Your name is unknown, your feat is immortal”, in the center of which the Eternal Flame of Glory burns. Behind the niche is a tombstone with a bronze composition - a soldier's helmet and a laurel branch lying on a battle banner. To the left of the grave - a wall of crimson quartzite with the inscription: "1941 to those who fell for the Motherland 1945"; on the right - a granite alley with blocks of dark red porphyry. On each block there is the name of the hero city and a chased image of the Gold Star medal. The blocks contain capsules with the earth of hero cities. Next is a stele of red granite in honor of the cities of military glory, about 10 meters long.
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Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill
In honor of the 50th anniversary of the Great Victory in the west of Moscow, a large memorial complex was opened on an area of 135 hectares. The park itself was founded in 1958, but the architectural ensemble was built only by 1995. From the entrance stretched a wide alley "Years of War", decorated with five water cascades with 1418 fountains, according to the number of days that the war went on. In front of the building of the Central Museum of the Second World War stands the Victory Monument - an obelisk 141.8 meters high, at the foot of which is a statue of St. George the Victorious, who thrusts a spear into the body of a snake symbolizing fascism. The open-air exhibition of military equipment and weapons is of constant interest to park visitors. The park with neat paths, alleys and flower beds has become a favorite place for Muscovites and guests of the capital to walk.
Motherland
Monuments to war heroes are perhaps the only case when monumentality is justified. One of the highest monuments in the world - the main element of the ensemble "To the Heroes of the Battle of Stalingrad" on Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd - the sculpture "The Motherland Calls!". The figure of a woman who raised her sword and took a step forward symbolizes the Motherland, calling her sons to fight the enemy. The remains of 34,505 soldiers - the defenders of Stalingrad - were reburied on the hill. From the foot of the mound to its top there are 200 granite steps - that is how many days the Battle of Stalingrad lasted.
Mamaev Kurgan in Volgograd
Kursk Bulge
From July 5 to August 23, 1943, one of the most important battles of the Great Patriotic War lasted - the Battle of Kursk. The result of this bloody and tense battle was the transfer of the strategic initiative to the Red Army. A memorial complex near the villages of Yakovlevo and Pokrovka serves as a reminder of the 250,000 lives that sacrificed themselves. The 44-meter arched stele with reliefs symbolizes the front line; in front of it, a T-34 tank is mounted on a pink granite pedestal. The Arc de Triomphe topped with a statue of George the Victorious rises 24 meters above the ground. On both sides of the Eternal Flame lie the remains of unknown warriors.
Outside Russia
In the German capital, in memory of the Soviet soldiers who fell in the Berlin battle, memorials were erected in the Tiergarten, Schönholzer Haid and Treptow parks. There are sculptures of Soviet soldiers-liberators in Bulgaria, Slovenia, Ukraine. Granite stele to the participants of the Second World War from the countries of the former USSR is installed in Los Angeles. The Brest Fortress has been open to the public since 1971 and tells about the heroic defense of the fort - one of the first battles for the USSR. The tragic story of the mass destruction of civilians is told by the museum in Auschwitz. Among the millions of victims of this death camp were 100,000 Russian people.
Parade
Commemorative events will be held on May 9 in all cities of Russia, and in the capital, Red Square, of course, will become the central place of celebration. A solemn review of troops and military equipment will take place on the main square of the country. Since 1996, the parade in honor of May 9 has been held here annually, and on June 24, 1945, columns of the first Victory Parade passed through Red Square and 200 banners and standards of the defeated Nazi divisions were dragged along the paving stones and thrown to the foot of the Mausoleum.
To remember the feat of the Soviet people, who did not spare themselves in this bloody war, of course, it is not at all necessary to go somewhere. The main place of memory is our hearts. Eternal glory to the winners!
Happy Victory Day!
The connection of people with their past, with their history is memory. One of the best ways to perpetuate the memory of an outstanding person or an important historical event is. For the vast majority of Russians, one of these events is the Great Patriotic War. Now there are monuments of the Great Patriotic War in almost every city, especially in the European part of Russia.
Despite the abundance of memorials and small memorials, new ones are still being erected, because after that war there were many “dark spots”, many heroic stories that deserve to be immortalized. If you are interested WWII monuments, production such facilities can be ordered from our company. We guarantee a professional approach, attention to every detail, favorable prices.
How Fresh Look works
These memorial structures are a separate category, not just or an architectural composition. This is an opportunity to show the respect of current generations for the heroic past of their people, their country, their ancestors. By ordering, dedicated to the dead of the Second World War, you can perpetuate the memory of an important historical era and its heroes for centuries.
The manufacture and installation of new memorial structures is a common practice today. Not only government organizations order monuments to the victory of the Great Patriotic War, but also relatives of the dead, relatives of veterans, and simply caring people. Monuments are erected at the places of hostilities, on mass graves. Svezhy Vzglyad company is a high-class specialists who approach the execution of the order with full responsibility. Some principles of our work:
- Designers, in which they strive to convey as accurately and vividly as possible the character traits of the heroes of the Second World War, the spirit of the events of that time. All artistic images are intertwined to create certain accents required by the customer.
- Great practical experience allows us to successfully fulfill orders of any complexity, creating unique architectural and sculptural compositions. The company's staff includes real professionals in stone processing, historians, experts in symbolism.
- Attention to all details - careful selection of materials, determination of the color design and dimensions of the structure, type and location of inscriptions. We are talking about complex work, which is carried out in strict accordance with the wishes of the customer.
We create memorial complexes of the Great Patriotic War in constant interaction with the client. He can control the manufacturing process, make adjustments at the design stage. All solutions proposed by designers are included in the project only after agreement with the customer. You can choose one of the typical options, which you only need to adapt to certain people and events.
Services for the restoration of monuments of the Great Patriotic War
Unfortunately, over time, memorial structures begin to deteriorate, especially if there is no proper regular maintenance. But these are still objects of memory, and it is possible to return them to their original appearance - for this it is enough to carry out restoration work. Our specialists can carry out the restoration of any monuments of the Great Patriotic War, of any design and from any materials. We will restore the monument to its beauty!
To place an order, contact the Fresh Look company!
In the Moscow region, there are about three thousand monuments and monuments dedicated to the battles of the Great Patriotic War. Some are famous all over the world, others, small, but personifying significant events, are not known even to local residents. On the eve of the Victory Day, we have selected for you several places with an unusual history.
"Feat 28"
Olga Razgulyaeva / Moscow region today
The memorial complex in Dubosekovo was created in May 1975, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Victory. On the commemorative plate is carved: "Defending Moscow in the harsh days of November 1941, at this turn in a fierce battle with the fascist invaders, 28 Panfilov heroes fought to the death and defeated." Six ten-meter figures personify representatives of six nationalities who fought here.
According to the official version, when the German offensive began on Moscow, 28 soldiers from the personnel of the 4th company of the 2nd battalion of the 1075th rifle regiment, led by political instructor Klochkov, defended the junction near the village of Dubosekovo. During the four-hour battle, they destroyed 18 enemy tanks, while all were killed. Historians note a host of inconsistencies in this story; many are sure that there were more fighters, and that not all of them died. However, to this day, the story of the 28 Panfilovites remains one of the most famous stories about the war.
By the way, the famous phrase “Russia is great, but there is nowhere to retreat - behind Moscow” is attributed precisely to political instructor Klochkov.
"Peremilovskaya height"
Wilberus/Wikimedia.org
This place within the boundaries of modern Yakhroma received its current name in 1941. The Germans had no doubt that they would easily take this line, because the famous 7th Panzer Division, which immediately captured Paris, was on the offensive. Our soldiers had almost nothing to fight back: the company holding the defense along the western outskirts of Yakhroma did not even have hand grenades in its arsenal. The Germans captured the city, crossed the channel to them. Moscow, entrenched on its eastern shore and rushed to Peremilovo. Soldiers of the 3rd Battalion of the 29th Infantry Brigade, led by Lieutenant Lermontov, stood in their way. A fierce battle broke out: German tanks, accompanied by infantry on one side, and a handful of soldiers with two guns on the other.
At that time, the commander of the First Shock Army, Lieutenant General Kuznetsov, was in Dmitrov. At his disposal were only a rifle brigade, one armored train, a Dmitrovsky construction battalion and a Katyusha division with one ammunition load. With this stock and decided to go to the rescue. The first battle did not bring results, but on the morning of November 29, under the cover of darkness, Soviet soldiers broke into the village. The enemy, having lost several dozen soldiers from the 14th Motorized Division and 20 tanks of the 7th Panzer Division, retreated in disarray to the western bank of the canal. There was no more chance of a swift attack on Moscow from the north.
In 1966, in the year of the 25th anniversary of the Battle of Moscow, a bronze monument was erected at the Peremilov height. And later, the poet Robert Rozhdestvensky, at the request of the residents of Yakhrom, wrote a six-line poem, the lines of which are now carved on a granite pedestal:
Remember:
From this threshold
In an avalanche of smoke, blood and adversity,
Here in the forty-first the road began
In victorious
Forty-fifth year.
Monument to Podolsk cadets
wikipedia.org
It was erected in honor of the feat of the commanders and cadets of the military schools of Podolsk, who, together with the 43rd Army, defended the southwestern approaches to Moscow.
In 1939-1940, artillery and infantry schools were established in Podolsk. Before the start of the war, more than three thousand cadets studied there. On October 5, 1941, almost two thousand cadets of the artillery and one and a half thousand cadets of the infantry school were alerted and sent to the defense of Maloyaroslavets. For several days they held back the advance of the Germans, which were many times superior in strength. On October thirteenth, enemy tanks approached with red flags, but the deception was discovered, and the attack was repulsed. Soon, German troops captured the defensive lines at the Ilyinsky combat site, and almost all the cadets who held the defense there were killed. Only on October 25, the rest were taken from the battlefield and sent on foot to complete their studies in Ivanovo. By that time, almost 2.5 thousand people had died.
Tank T-34 in Kalinovo
Tomcat / pomnivoinu.ru
A memorial in the Serpukhov region was erected in memory of the tanker Dmitry Lavrinenko and his crew. After the battles near Mtsensk, the 4th tank brigade was transferred near Moscow, to the Volokolamsk direction. However, 105 kilometers from the capital, one tank was missing: Lavrinenko's crew, which had previously been left to guard the headquarters of the 50th Army, arrived only a day later. It turned out that, although the tankers were released to catch up with the brigade, they failed to reach their own along the road clogged with vehicles.
When the crew arrived in Serpukhov, a large reconnaissance detachment was already on its way to the city - a battalion of Germans on motorcycles, three vehicles with guns and one staff vehicle. The city had only a fighter battalion in reserve, in which the elderly and teenagers served. And then one of the soldiers remembered - there are tankers in the city! The commandant set Lavrinenko the task of stopping the enemy.
Having disguised the car at the edge of the forest in the area of present-day Protvino, the tankers began to wait for the Germans. They were so sure of themselves that they did not even send intelligence. Letting the lead car up to 150 meters, Lavrinenko shot the convoy at close range. Two guns were immediately destroyed, and the third German gunners tried to turn around, but Lavrinenko gave the command to ram. The tank jumped out onto the road and, crashing into trucks with infantry, crushed the last gun. The commandant of Serpukhov was handed over 13 machine guns, six mortars, 10 motorcycles with sidecars and an anti-tank gun with full ammunition and several prisoners. The German staff bus Firsov allowed to be taken to the brigade. There were documents and maps, which were immediately sent to Moscow.
Monument to Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya on the Minsk highway
histrf.ru
Installed near the village of Petrishchevo, where the partisan detachment of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was discovered by the Germans, and Zoya herself was tortured and killed. The body of the girl hung in the middle of the village to intimidate the inhabitants for more than a month (according to other sources, three days). She was buried in a nearby forest. In May 1942, the ashes of Zoya were transferred with military honors from Petrishchevo to the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow; By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, she was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Now her memorial museum is open in Petrishchevo.
Anti-tank hedgehogs in Khimki
Snezny Bars/Wikimedia.org
Installed on December 6, 1966 at the 23rd kilometer of the Leningradskoye Highway in honor of the 25th anniversary of the defeat of the Nazi army near Khimki. To put up this memorial of iron, stone and reinforced concrete, the swamp had to be drained on the spot and piles driven in. The composition is dedicated to four Moscow and one Ivanovo-Voznesensk divisions of the people's militia, which defended the capital in the autumn days of 1941.
Monument to the Soldier-Liberator in Serpukhov
memory-map.prosv.ru
The author's 2.5-meter model of the famous Vuchetich monument, installed in the German Treptow Park. The sculptor recalled how, after the Potsdam Conference, Klement Voroshilov summoned him and offered to prepare a project for an ensemble dedicated to the victory. Someone suggested that the declaration was signed by Stalin, which means that he should be in the center, the sculptor decided. He made a project, but he was dissatisfied with it. And then he decided, as an experiment, to create a second one - a Russian soldier carrying a German girl out of the fire in his arms. With his machine gun he breaks the swastika.
They say that Stalin studied both layouts for a long time. “Listen, Vuchetich, aren't you tired of this ... with a mustache?” He said, pointing to the main project with his mouthpiece. And chose the second one. He only advised me to give the soldier something more eternal, more symbolic than a machine gun. So the warrior-liberator got a sword.
In 1964, a model of the sculpture was brought from Berlin to Serpukhov, where since 2008 it has been installed on Cathedral Hill near the mass grave. There are also smaller copies of the monument in Vereya, near Moscow, in Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Region, and in Tver.
Vasily Terkin in gold
DeerChum/Wikimapia.org
The gilded monument to a soldier with an accordion in Orekhovo-Zuevo actually represents a very specific person. This is Vasily Terkin, who, with the light hand of Tvardovsky, became the personification of a simple Russian guy in the Great Patriotic War. Tvardovsky began work on the poem and the image of the protagonist in 1939-1940, as a correspondent for the newspaper of the Leningrad Military District "On Guard of the Motherland" during the Finnish campaign. The name of the hero and his image were invented jointly by the editorial board of the newspaper. In particular, Samuil Marshak also helped. In 2015, the Russian Reporter magazine ranked the poem 28th in the Top 100 Most Popular Poems in Russia.
