The case in the Black Sea: "Unless" goes to the ram! Warranty Warrant Warranty, USSR Walking Ships Sea Taran
The US military never differed special "political correctness." If it was possible to arrange a provocation, they always walked on it. However, more than thirty years ago, Soviet sailors left the violators, racing two enemy ships at once.
Radio in fog
Perestroika, which was announced in our country in 1986, pretty quickly led to mitigating the morals on our "potential enemy", that is, the Americans. The preferences of the Secretary General of the Central Committee of the CPSU did not know the boundaries: soon with his light hand began to cut the combat missiles into pieces, to translate "on the needles" ships, submarines, and other military equipment, and not just a combat-ready, but completely new. The leadership of the country suddenly considered that no threat to the USSR on the side of the overseas "partners" no longer exists.
In the United States, however, they did not hurry to relax. On the contrary, in the second half of the 1980s in the Black Sea, for example, a variety of provocative disorders of the territorial waters of the USSR ships of the enemy were recorded. Most often, such visits managed to stop at the root: Soviet watchwalks simply became at the rate of the violator of the "live wall", which thus blocking the path in our territorial waters. But it was not always possible. And then Corvetts, destroyers and cruisers of the US Navy are not simply barraged along our coast, but also committed combat reversals, prepared for shooting installation with rockets and deep bombs. In a word, they rushed, as they could, as if giving to understand who was here a real owner.
For the time being, until the time it went with her hands - after all, we gained momentum discharge. And the naval authorities, receiving appropriate blessings from the leadership of the country, was not solved to violate the order and enter into an open confrontation with provocateurs. However, in 1988, our sailors had to deal with too impulse violators. In February, the escort of American ships proceeded through Bosphorus and Dardanelles, consisting of a cruiser "Yorktown" and accompanying his Esmina "Caramon". Moreover, ships walked with full radio and, as if specifically choosing the time when the sea covered a thick fog. And although a non-crude visit, thanks to the intelligence, it was known in advance, to move the escort when passing the straits only by visual observation. Because locators fix only the point, and that this is a combat ship or civilian vessel - it is impossible to disassemble.
In the picture: US Cruiser Yorktown / Photo: Wikimedia
Unequal forces
Found Americans from our ferry "Heroes of Shipki". Intercepting the radio with ferry and realizing that they were revealed, the commanders of Yorktown and Karona at first decided to "sit down" from the Turkish banks. But in the neutral waters of Americans, two of our ICRs (guard vehicles) were already waiting: "SKR-6" and "selfless". Apparently, therefore, the provocateurs and decided, not already tolding, to commit the fact that, in fact, they thought from the very beginning.
Having reached our border, ships, not driving the move, rushed into the territorial waters of the Soviet Union. From our watchchevikov, the warning radiogram, not being ever been flewing, however, no result: Americans were confidently sent to the shore. It should be noted here that, compared with the "selfless", "Yorktown", for example, had three more displacements, and the team had twice the number of sailors on Storozhevik. It was 50 meters long of the TWR, carried on board helicopters, 2 rocket and 4 anti-aircraft plants, two anti-flooring and 8 anti-detect complexes (respectively, "ASROC" and "Harpoon"), not to mention torpedoes, tools, fire management system "Igeis " etc.
"Unless", in turn, was armed with two reactive bombings of RBU-6000, four launchers of the URPK-5 rocket complex, two anti-aircraft missile complexes, torpedoes and twisted 76.2 mm artillery installations. So, given the difference in armament, the sailors prepared to the worst, unconscious tool and prepare them for shooting (missiles to apply - herself more expensive).
In response to these preparations, the Americans decided to raise their rolling cars into the air: pilots and service personnel appeared on the helicopter platform. Seeing this, the commander of the "selfless" captain of the second rank Vladimir Bogdashin ordered to send a radio program to Yorktown, which warned Americans that if they take off, they will immediately be shot down. However, the violators did not pay any attention to the warning.
Nawn, still
It was at that moment that Bogdashin realized that without decisive measures could not do here, but it was impossible to apply. And then he gave a desperate order - to go to the ram. Since "selfless" was literally the board of the board with Yorktaun, in a distance of a tenth of meters, the UKR just changed the course and first made only a light hollow on a rocket cruiser, having demolished him. American sailors, who, before, poured onto the deck, were frivolously sent indecent gestures to Soviet sailors and photographed our Storozhevik, were reconsidered and hugged into ship premises. The second blow of the SCR literally "climbed" to the cruiser, "dropping" the helicopter platform of the violator and damaging the four anti-religious complex "Garpun" - so strong was the blow. And in the torpedo devices "Yorktown" there was a fire.
In the picture: Naval UKR "Unless" to the cruiser "Yorktown" / Photo: Wikimedia
At this very time, "CRR-6" went to the Waran "Caron", although the Soviet Storozhevik was four times less than the destroyer. Nevertheless, the blow turned out to be tangible. He, in turn, decided not to communicate with the "SCR-6", and approach the other side of the "selfless" so that together with the "Yorkthun" take the TCR in ticks. However, the speed of the watchman was higher, and he easily parried this maneuver. However, the team of the Cruiser was no longer up to maneuvers and not at all - there was a fight for the vitality of the ship in full swing. And after the team has moved away from shock, Yorktown turned 180 degrees and was such. For him followed and "Caramon". After this incident, American ships disappeared for a long time from the water area of \u200b\u200bour Black Sea territorial waters.
In the picture: SKR-6 fell on the left side in the stern part of the Karon destroyer / Photo Wikipedia
We must pay tribute to the command that supported the sailors of "selfless" and defended their good name before the leadership of the country. A year later, Vladimir Bogdachin was awarded the Order of the Red Star ... for the development of new techniques. At that time, he was no longer a Watchhevik commander, but he studied at the Grechko Naval Academy. Subsequently, commanded the flagship of the Black Sea Fleet "Moscow". Now Vladimir Ivanovich - the counter-admiral retired, is the general director of the Training and Research Center of the Moscow Federation of Trade Unions.
After the collapse of the USSR, when divided by the fleet "Unless" departed to Ukraine and became "Dnepropetrovsk", and then he was written off in scrap metal at all. Went "on the needles" and "skr-6". So sadly there was the fate of Storozhevikovkov, which saved the fame of the Soviet naval fleet.
The second half of the XIX century forever will remain in history as the era of unprecedented technical advances, which without inappropriate constraints can be called a civilization breakthrough. The times of dorned romance - it would seem that humanity is from now capable of any, the most ambitious accomplishments. The flight from the cannon to the moon, around the world for 80 days, the Nautilus submarine - for the mind of the person and the new technique from now on there are no restrictions, the energy of the steam and the miracle of electricity will overcome the earthly attraction and conquer the ocean depths! Of course, the military departments of industrialized states did not remain aside from the trends of progress - steam cars, the bombing guns of Pissana, the screw as a propulsion and other incredible achievements were gradually introduced, and so it would seem to be a conservative structure like a fleet, developed much faster than Ground armies.
We will not follow the technical and evolutionary path of the warships of the XIX century, which were transformed with inconceivable swiftness - in just a few decades, wooden rangoued line ships disappeared forever, there were shiportochnogats, and then heavy frigates, blond floating batteries, monitors finally built the first Battleship with all-metal hull - HMS Warrior.
Oddly, it will sound, but the appearance of such advanced and high-tech (for its time) ships led to a very significant rollback in the field of tactics, returning almost to the times of antiquity - namely, to the mass distribution of Taranians, which can be used by the "psychosis". An explanation here is one thing: the armor "won" the artillery, developed much more slowly, and therefore the original concept of the admirals was born in the minds - the heavily-born goal could be successfully sulking not so much artillery fire as the so-called blow spyron. The explanatory dictionary of Dala explains us the term "spirry" - "... Insert, sharp, long nose at the galleys; Now: Iron Taran, sometimes underwater, in armored ships».
So let's remember why it all started and as an antique archaic penetrated the fleets of the steam and electricity era.
Three Taran Admiral Teguetgood
It is believed that the first taran in combat conditions spent the armadapole South CSS Virginia during the US Civil War - rebuilded from the old USS Merrimack ship and armored "Virginia" during the "Battle of the Hampton Raid" on March 8/9, 1862 Saved Wooden Fregate Cumberland, "while hardly died herself, because Spirong was stuck in the housing of a sinking enemy ship, which could well draw" Virginia "to the bottom. Fortunately, the tamental tip broke up and the battleship of the Confederates survived to enter the battle with the famous "monitor" the next day - but this is a completely different story. During the war of the North, south of the Taran was repeatedly applied and later, but since the victims of Spirong became mainly unprotected wooden ships, and the war was conducted or in calm coastal waters, or on rivers, in Europe for the tactics of Americans did not pay special attention. They did not pay back until time until an event had occurred, an unhealthy sensation with far-reaching consequences occurred in the naval environment.
Virginia Tranches "Cumberland". Drawing out Harpers Weekly Magazine fromMarch 22, 1862.
In June 1866, the Austro-Prussian-Italian war broke out, still known as the third war for the independence of Italy - one of their causes of conflict between the Austrian Empire on the one hand and Prussia with Italy on the other was the question of control over the Venice region and the Adriatic Sea as a whole. It should be especially noted that the Italian fleet as of the beginning of the hostilities was very modern - twelve armaduses built in the North American States, France and Britain were the main power of the squadron, plus blonde canoners and some kind of auxiliary wooden ships.
The position of the Austrians was much worse: only seven battleships, and two of the newest ("ERCGERSG Ferdinand Max" and "Habsburg" with a list of 5,100 tons) were unfinished, and most importantly, they had no weapons - new guns were supposed to buy in Prussia, but with the beginning Wars of Prussians predictably canceled the contract. The commander, counter-admiral Wilhelm von Teghetgifa, had to equip both ship by a temporary habitat and put on them frankly outdated smooth-bore guns, which shot nuclei. Moreover, the Austrian squadron included a very archaic wooden battleship "Kaiser" with nine dozen smooth-bore cannons, almost not able to cause serious damage to the armadents.
Admiral Carlo di Persano
However, as it is known, the outcome of the battle often decides not tolerant in the forces, but the talent and determination of the commander. Admiral von Teguetgifa was not borrowing neither one or the other - he had a great experience and energetic, commanded the Austrian squadron in the battle of Gelgoland (it is believed that this battle of 1864 between Dania and the Austro-Prussian Alliance ended in a draw, but nevertheless Teguetgof managed Then to solve the strategic task, forcing the Danes to remove the blockade of the mouth of the Elbe, paralyzing shipping and Prussian trade. For this fight, he received the Chin counter-admiral). In turn, the commander of the Italian fleet Admiral Carlo di Persano, as it turned out during the Battle of Lisse, was fatally noncompenetient.
Initial placement of forces in the battle of Lisse
The first in history battle of armored fleets occurred on July 20, 1866 in the Adriatic Sea near the island of Lisa - according to the instructions of the Maritime Ministry, the Italian Regia Marina was to attack the Austrian fortress on Lisse, land the landing, and then, if possible, give the general battle of Flot Austria. The last, by the way, seriously inferior to the Italians both by the number and size of warships and in the total relics of the artillery volley. Historian H. Wilson in the book "Barny in battle" cites the following numbers:
According to the number of ships, the attitude of the Italian forces to Austrian was 1.99: 1, according to the number of guns - 1.66: 1, on the displacement - 2.64: 1 and the power of steam vehicles - 2.57: 1. Judging by the ships, Austria could not have hope for success.<…> Italians nominally had almost twice the larger number of armaduses and 50% more guns. The superiority of them was both among the sizes of the ships. As part of the row guns, the only weapon that can effectively act in the battle of armor, they had a significant superiority: 276 guns against 121 enemies, and this advantage increased more power to Italian guns, which could shoot with fines four more difficult than Austrian shells. The total number of successful shots on the account of the broken fleet was 414, i.e. less than one on each shooter.
It turns out that the chances of success at Wilhelm von Teguetgood almost did not have, but the admiral not thoughtfully brought the squadron into the sea and went to the aid of the deposited Italians Lisse. The Austrian Fleet lined up with three wedges next to each other (armored vehicles were first followed, behind them wooden battleship and frigates, in the airsharder - canoners). The goal of TEGETGOFFA is to try to break the enemy's system and use tarana as an addition to a much weaker artillery, while at the same time covering wooden ships. Admiral Persano orders his squadron to be rebuilt into the Kilwater Stroy - Archaic, characteristic of the "old" linear fleets of the Dobronenosa era.
"Tegetgof in the battle of Lisse." Artist Anton Romako.
Armored fist von Tegetgofa broke into Italian stroke as a boar in the root, quickly providing a landfill and confusion. At the first attack, it was not possible to move a single ship of the enemy, until time the battle was carried out traditionally - using artillery. The Austrian flagship "ERCGERSG Ferdinand Max" was looking for meetings with the flagship of the enemy - "Re d'TIlia".
Here it is necessary to mention that "Re d'Iitaly" was no longer a flagship - Admiral Persano right during the battle wished to move to the newest monitor "Affondator". He moved, without notifying his squadron signals, which led to the loss of fleet control. Persano himself then argued that the descent of the flag and the rise of such on another ship should have been on the squadron, in theory, notice and without a special notice, but the transmitter corresponds to the message.
We add that the transition of the admiral to the highest-speed armor in the squadron at the end of the battle looked extremely unsightly - although there is an opinion that the logic was originally different: Persano himself hoped to apply a ram. But it came out that the "Affondator", a specialized armadiole-taran, did not ram anyone. Unlike the Austrians who were fiercely at risk for their own life - the design of their ships was not sufficiently strong for such ballet.
Eduard Nezbeda, Die Seeschlacht Von Lissa, 1866. Canvas, Oil, 1911, Private Assembly in Vienna. Austrian three-plated wooden battleship Tranched Italian armadiole Re di portogallo
Nevertheless, "ERCGERSOG" with the background Tegetgof on the bridge Outiga "Re d'Iitaly" and went to the ram - two strikes were unsuccessful, casually, it was not possible to break through the trim. Helped the armadiole "Kaizer Maximilian", who demolished the Italian Ruly with his spirond, as a result of which it was possible to maneuver only with the help of cars. Immediately before "Re d'Iitaly" turned out to be the Austrian armadiole, but the captain for some reason decided not to go on a collision, but he gave an order "full ago", that the ship and destroyed - Admiral von Teguetgof passed into the engine compartment "Full move forward" and "Be ready to give a reverse." We will again give the word H. Wilson:
... "Ferdinand-Max" easily hooked his nose into an Italian ship, climbing for a moment when applying a strike, and then dropping again, while the ram of him with a terrible crack crashed through the iron armor and a wooden trim in a glover ship. A concussion on Ferdinand-Max cannot be called strong; A few people fell on the deck at the moment of strike, and the concussion was clearly felt in the engine room, where the machines immediately gave the reverse. The Austrian ship has not received any damage. "Re d" ITALY, "by accepting a blow, he was strongly tilted on the right side, and then, when Ferdinand-Max moved away from him, he tied left, and on the deck he was visible to the horror of the crew. He was so close that one The Austrian officer exclaimed: "What a wonderful deck". For a minute or two battle was suspended, and all the views were directed to the doomed ship. He told the second and last time and cargo went to the bottom.
To describe here the entire course of the battle during Lisse does not make sense, it is only necessary to say that from the crew "Re d'Iitaly" across three (and considering the blow of Kaiser Maximilian on the steering wheel - all four!) Taran survived and 166 people were saved, Died about four hundred. "Ferdinand-Max" made a hole in the enemy with an area of \u200b\u200babout 15 square meters, breaking through and armor, and a wooden trim.
"Re d" ITALY "sinks after Taran. In the center - damaged" Kaiser "
Total: Admiral Persano retreated, leaving the battlefield behind the Austrians, while losing two armadors and more than six hundred people dead. The losses of the admiral of Wilhelm von Tegtegof - 38 killed, no Austrian ship sank. Then Carlo di Persano was given to court, deprived of the title and was found guilty of incompetence and cowardice.
And European Admiralty, appreciating the results of the battle, with enthusiasm began to develop "tactics tactics", having considered that the battle of armored ships now defines not artillery, but for a long time forgotten arms of antique antiquity ...
Symptoms of "Psychoz"
Since the UK in the XIX century was the leading marine power in the 19th century, it was there that the massive passion of the Taran reached the apogee and amazing naval units appeared on the world, forcing the designers to think about the mental health of the designers. An example of this HMS Polyphemus building 1881 and classifier as "Thamn Mission".
The idea was as follows: after the invention of the torpedo system of Robert Whitehead system (again, the newest and very progressive weapon, by 1875 the developed course of up to 18 knots with a range of 600 yards!) The fleet took a high-speed duty officer who was able to come to a major goal, to release torpedoes And to flush with impunity. The keyword here is "high-speed", and therefore the hydrodynamics of the ship must be close to the perfect - from here an unusual cigar-like body, a very low and narrow deck with a minimum of add-ons and five underwater torpedo devices of a 356 millimeters caliber.
"What about a ram?! - exclaimed in the Admiralty - it is impossible without a taran! And inside it you can put another torpedo device! ". Chief Engineer Nathaniel Barnaby shrugged and ordered, changing the original project - "Polyfem" equipped with a tarantee of a terrestrial length of a little more than four meters, on the end of which there was a torpedo cover. Application scheme? Yes, very simple! The Torped Mission Bravo breaks into the harbor of the enemy, releases the ammunition from eighteen torpedoes, if he did not get - there is a goal! Artillery weapons? Oh, these suede traditions! But we must give a tribute to the dark past, let's still install six 25-millimeter two-sided guns of the Nordenefeld system!
Taran Polyfem
Further, the tests and teachings did not go - "Polyfem" and remained the only torpedo-tarantee destroyer in the history of the British fleet. However, the Americans have decided to build analogue to various technical innovations, and they brought the idea to the absolute and shining perfection - to almost identical on the silhouette cigar-shaped ship USS Katahadin (1883 construction) weapons were completely absent. At all. At all. No torpedo or artillery, why are they needed?! Only a ram!
"Katadin" with all its uniqueness (the only warrant in the world without weapons!) It turned out to be an unsuccessful project - and not because the planned application scheme was originally absurd. A deep landing (90% of the housing was under water), sharply reduced speed and maneuverability, the radius of circulation was unacceptably large - this is despite the fact that Catadin was attacked by Taran. In fairness, we note that during the US-Spanish war of 1898, it was still equipped with four 6-pound guns, but only. The main mystery remains that on this ship did 97 (in words - ninety-seven!) The man of the team - if the armament was originally provided for?!
"Parade" image "Kattin"
In general, the tarana applied much more damage to the ships of their squadr, than the real opponent - the consequences of repeated clashes often turned out to be deplorable. Judge for yourself:
1869, Russian Empire. The Kremlin armadiole is drowning by the strike of the Fregate "Oleg". In 1871, in the harbor of Kronstadt, a two-bunned armored frigate "Admiral Spiridov" Trankhazheny "Admiral Lazarev" - water through a sling of 0.65 sq.m. He fell into adjacent compartments, the roll reached eight degrees.
1875, Britain. Ramernapole "Iron Duke" rammed and sank Sistership "Vengard".
1878, Germany. Barny "Kenig Wilhelm" collided with another armadiole "Grosser Kurfürst", the latter soon sank.
1891, again, Britain. Camperdown armadiole Skilled the flagship of the Mediterranean fleet, the newest armadiole of the 1st class "Victoria", built just a year ago. 321 crew member, including the commander of the squadron, Admiral George Triton, were killed. "Victoria" sunk in just ten minutes.
Despite the many such cases, the "tarannaya tactic" remained in demand until the appearance of the "dreadnought" and the concept of "only big guns" - fleets returned to the theory of linear artillery battle at long distances. Nevertheless, the Tarana began to disappear only after the First World War ...
WarlShips in World of Warships is considered any interaction of the housings of two ships. When applying damage, several parameters are taken into account.
- Mass of ships. The greater the mass of the ships participating in the taran - the greater the damage they are applied.
- Relations and differences in the masses of ships. In the collision of the two ships, the ship that has a smaller mass is obtained, and vice versa.
- Relative speed of ships. The more speed - the more damage will be applied.
- Directions of the movement of ships and place of collision. If the blow came across a sliding trajectory - minor damage will be applied. If the shock came forehead in the forehead or at right angles to the board - damage will be brought big.
If you encountered an ally, then at any coincidence, both will get significantly less damage than when a collision with an opponent.
When Taran, there is a chance to reverse the ship in half. This can occur only when the following conditions are met:
- Taran led to the death of the ship.
- The taran was produced by the nasal part of the tavering aboard the enemy.
- Displacement of the tavering ship is at least 80% of the displacement of the target.
- The angle under which the Taran was produced was from 75 to 105 degrees.
"SKR-6" is suitable for "American"
On February 12, 1988, events took place on the Black Sea Fleet, which received the "spree" resonance in the political, military and naval circles of various countries. On this day there was a serious incident with the participation of warships 6 US Fleet Cruiser Uro "Yorktown" and Esmina Uro Karon, who complained to the Black Sea and violated the state border of the USSR.
Heads and the main "acting persons" Operations on the extrusion of Americans from our territorial waters were: Admiral Selivanov Valentin Egorovich (in the past, the commander of the 5th Mediterranean Squadron of the Navy, at that time, Vice Admiral, Chief of the ChF headquarters, subsequently the head of the Navy headquarters), Vice-Admiral Mikheev Nikolai Petrovich (at that time captain 2 rank, chief of staff of the 70th Brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships of the Black Sea), Council Admiral Bogdashin Vladimir Ivanovich (at that time captain 2 rank, commander SCR "selfless"), Captain 2 rank Petrov Anatoly Ivanovich (at that time captain 3 rank, commander "SKR-6").
Valentin Selivanov. Operations of the Black Sea Ship, the events in the country and their consequences are preceded by the events and their consequences associated with the violation of the State Registration and the Polystrian Sea of \u200b\u200bthe Baltic Sea through all Western Union's Space (05.28.1987) of the German Affilitary Affilitary of Rusta SESNA "right on Red Square in Moscow. After the destruction in the Far East of the intelligence Korean "Boeing", disguised as a civilian aircraft, was operating by the order of the Minister of Defense: civilian planes do not shoot down! And in vain, it was not necessary to regret - after all, the consequences of this race, Rusta extremely negatively affected the entire military department.
About the new Voyage of American ships of Cruiser Uro "Yorktown" (Type "Tyconner") and Esmina Uro "Karon" (type "Sproll") in the Black Sea Command of the Black Sea Founded in the Black Sea (the fleet's intelligence tracked all actions 6 US Navy Fleet ). Considering how I already explained the situation in the sun after the "antics" of Rusta, we, naturally, could not allow the new provocation of Americans with a violation of our maritime borders if they again upheld the repeat of their past demarche, would have passed for them unpunished. Therefore, before the arrival of American ships in the Black Sea, the fleet headquarters was planned operations on tracking and counteraction to them: allocated guard ships "Unless" (Ave. 1135) and "SKR-6" (35) were identified, the commander of this ship group was appointed - chief of staff 70th Brigade of the 30th division of anti-submarine ships ChF Captain 2 rank Mikheev Nikolai Petrovich. With commanders of ships and the ship group, a thorough briefing of the operation plan was made with the loss of all actions on maps and maneuverable plates. The ships in the operation were distributed as follows: the SCR "selfless", as the ship larger on the displacement, was to accompany and counteract the cruiser "Yorktown", and the "SKR-6" (small on displacement and dimensions) - the "Karon" destroyer. All commanders were given specific instructions: as soon as it was found that the Americans intend to proceed to our heat, take a position regarding the board of American ships from our shore, to warn them that the course of their ships leads to the heat, hereinafter, if the Americans do not listen to this The warning, with the entrance of them to the heat, make each our ship "Naval" on American ships. Commanders understood their tasks, and I was sure that they would fulfill their tasks. The operation plan approved the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy Admiral Fleet V.N. Chernavin. 
"SKR-6" tag
It was envisaged that with the entrance of American ships in the Black Sea, our ships meet them in the Bosphor region and begin tracking them. I gave an indication of the team commander after a meeting with the Americans to welcome their arrival in our Black Sea (it is not to forget the word ours in greetings) and convey that we will swim with them together. It was expected that American ships first follow along the western coast of the Black Sea, "run" in the Teres of Bulgaria, Romania (they did it before), and then they will shift into the eastern part to our shores. Well, to invade our heat, they, apparently, will try, like last time, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe southern tip of the Crimean Peninsula (Cape Sarych), where the borders of the terminal on the configuration represent a triangle with the south of the vertex. Bypassing this triangle Americans, most likely, will not be again, but they will go through the heat. More places for such a "demonstration" disturbance in the Black Sea Theater does not exist. And here, it was necessary to happen the main phase of the entire operation, namely the prevention or displacement from our Turbon American ships with the "bulk" on them, if the warnings of violation of the heat on them do not affect them. What is "Naval"? This is not a ram in the full sense of this concept, and the approach at speeds at a low angle as if on the tangent of the outstanding object and the "polite" of his "repulsion", with a crowd from the course with the coup. Well, and "politeness" - how it will work out.
Our ships took American Courts to support immediately after leaving Bosphorus. They welcomed, warned that they would swim with them together, make them a "company" in the Black Sea. The Americans replied that they were not required to help. When I received these first reports, I conveyed to Mikheev: "Tell the Americans: I will still have to swim together. They are visiting us, and according to the laws of Russian hospitality, we are not accepted from us, - but how will something happen to them ". Mikheev passed all this. 
Photographed with "selfless"
The Americans have passed the heat of Bulgaria, then the heat of Romania. But there were no Romanian ships (the command of the Romanian fleet was already ignored by all our instructions and suggestions). Further, American ships were turned away to the East, 40-45 miles south-south-east of Sevastopol went to the area and there were some incomprehensible maneuvers there. Most likely, they changed or bookmark on our coherent cable tracks of specialization of information. American ships spinning in this area Two more than a day. Then they switched and maneuvered directly in the sea zone adjacent to Sevastopol.
On February 12, I was on the Fleet KP (Commander of the Fleet Admiral M.N. Chronopulo flew somewhere in cases). At about 10 o'clock, I received a report of Mikheev: "American ships went on a 90 ° course, which leads to our heat, the speed of 14 nodes. To the heat of 14 miles" (about 26 km.). Okay, I think, - to the heat of another hour, let them go. I order Mikheev: "Continue tracking." After half an hour, the next report: "Ships go the same course and speed. To the heat of 7 miles." I think again, they will continue to do: enter the heat or turn away at the last moment, the "parrot" of us? I remember, I myself in the Mediterranean "shelled" the ships of the Squadron from the wind and the storm wave in the half-belt turn from the border of the TRADE (6 miles width) of the Greek Island Crete (his mountains weakened wind power). And did not believes that we break something. And the Americans could also go to thermodas and then unscrew, without violating anything. The following reports the report: "To the border turns 2 miles." I send Mikheev: "Warn Americans: Your course leads to the Terevda of the Soviet Union, whose violation is unacceptable." Mikheev reports: "Pass. They answer that they do not violate anything. Follow the same course and speed." I again give orders to Mikheev: "Once again, warning the Americans: the violation of the TERDOW of the Soviet Union is unacceptable. I have an order to outstrett you, right up to Naval and Taran. Tell all this on the ether in open text twice in Russian and in English." Mikheev again reports: "Pass. Repeat that they do not violate anything. The course and speed of the previous one." Then I order Mikheev: "Take the position for displacement." We have foreseen in the instruction that the bulk was tougher and caused more significant damage to the ships, reinforce the right anchors and keep them in suspended on anchor chains under the keys of the right side. So the high semi-bodies of the SCR "selfless", and even chatting on the right of the anchor could thoroughly break the board and everything that falls under the naval aboard the ship displaced from his course. Mikheev continues to report: "Turning 5, .. 3, .. 1 cables. Position ships for Navala occupied." Next, the report: "American ships entered the heat." To clarify the situation, I request a combat information post (BIP) of the fleet: "Make the exact location data of all ships." I receive a BIP report: "11 miles, 9 cable from the coastal feature." So, really Americans still got into our heat. I order Mikheev: "Act under the Operation Plan." He replies: "Understood." Both of our ships began maneuvering for "Naval" to American ships.
Next, I received reports only on maneuvering the UFR "selfless". Maneuvering "Scr-6" controlled and received reports from his commander Mikheev. I remember it was almost exactly at 11.00 pm, Mikheev reports: "I got close to the cruiser to 40 meters" ... and then the report every 10 meters. Sailors are presented as difficult and dangerous to perform such maneuvers: a huge cruiser with a displacement of 9200 tons and to him on the go, as it were, "mooring" wrappers with displacement of 3000 tons, and on another "flank" against the destroyer with a displacement of 7800 tons. tons. Imagine: at the time of the rapprochement closely with this little watchman, put the destroyer sharply the wheel "left on board" - and what will happen to our ship? I would not turn over, - and this may be! Moreover, an American will still be formally right in such a collision. So the complex and dangerous task should have completed the commanders of our ships.
Mikheev reports: "10 meters." And immediately: "I ask" good "act!". Although all orders he already received, but, apparently, I decided to progress, "suddenly the situation has changed, moreover, all the negotiations on the air are recorded by us and Americans. I give him again: "Act the operation plan!". And then there was silence. The furniture on the Fleet KP is tense: I am directly connected with Mikheev, one fleet with a tube of the apparatus of PRAH in the hands parallel to all actions, orders, reports transfers to the Central Union of the Navy, from there all this is transmitted to the Central Committee of the Armed Forces. The entire calculation of the CP in the work.
I follow the stopwheel - sitting with the last my order: the arrow ran a minute, two, three ... silence. I do not request, I understand that now is going on on the ships: one thing is briefing and losing on maneuverable tablets, and another thing, as everything will turn out in reality. Enviously imagine how the High Semi-Baby "Unless" with a posted anchor tear up the board and the massive nasal superstructure of the American cruiser "Yorktown" (the superstructure is designed at the same time with the board of the ship). But what happens to our ship from such mutual "kisses"? And what happens in the second pair of this marine "corrida" between "SKR-6" and the Esmin "Karon"? Doubts, unknown ...
It was thought that with a similar kind of "mooring" on the go possible mutual suction ("sticking") of the ships to each other. Well, how do Americans rushes to "Abordazh"? We have provided such an opportunity - on the ships are formed and constantly being implemented special airborne platforms. But there are much more Americans ... All this is thrown into me in consciousness, there are no reports yet. And suddenly I hear a completely calm voice of Mikheeva, as if with a draw of such episodes on the maps: "Survived the left side of the cruiser. Broken the launching of the Garpoon missiles. Two broken missiles are fused from launchers. They demolished all the Leather of the left side of the cruiser. Smash the commander Boat. Some of the side and side lining of the nasal superstructure. Our anchor broke away and drowned. " I ask: "What do Americans do?". Replies: "Emergency alarms have played. Alarms in protective costumes watering the launch installation of" harpunov "from the hoses and drains the hoses inside the ship." "Rockets burn?" - I ask. "It seems no, fire and smoke is not visible." After that, Mikheev reports for the "Scr-6": "Passed along the left side of the destroyer, linghed, the boat was broken. The boat breakthroughs. The ship anchor survived. But the American ships continue to move the same course and speed." I give the team to Mikheev: "Run a re-naval". Our ships began maneuvering for its execution. 
"Unless" Trank
As everything really happened in the "Naval" area, tell Nikolay Mikheev and Vladimir Bogdashin.
By the time the arms approach, American ships followed in the rank of bearing with a distance between it about 15-20 cable (2700-3600 m.) - At the same time, the cruiser ahead and Morushey, the destroyer closer to the coastline at the cruiser course 140-150 Grad. left side. SCR "selfless" and "skr-6" in tracking positions, respectively, behind the cruiser and the destroyer at their exchange corners of the left side of 100-110 degrees. In a distance of 90-100 m. Behind this group, two of our border ships maneuvered.
With the receipt of the orders "Take the position for displacement" on the ships, the borrowing alarms were declared, the nasal compartments were sealed, of which the personal composition was removed, torpedoes in the devices in a warning state, the cartridges were filled to the charge line in the treasures, emergency parties, landing platforms were deployed In place of schedule, the rest of the personnel on combat posts. Right anchors are posted on anchor chains from the bears. On the satellite bridge of SCR "Unless" Mikheev holds a connection with the KP Fleet and manages the ship's ships, Bogdashin controls the ships maneuvers, the officer-translator performs a permanent radio with American ships. Rounded with a cruiser at a distance of 40 meters, then 10 meters ("SKR-6" is the same with the destroyer). On the deck of the cruiser, the pads of the superstructure poured the sailors and officers with cameras, camcorders, - laughed, mashed with their hands, do, as they are taken from American sailors, obscene gestures, etc. On the left open wing of the bridge, the Creiser commander came out.
With the confirmation of the order "to act according to the plan of operation", I went to the "Naval" of the cruiser ("SKR-6" - destroyer). Bogdashin smeared in such a way that the first blow came on a tangent of 30 degrees. To the left side of the cruiser. From the impact and friction of the sides, sparks were sprinkled and the onboard paint was caught fire. As later border guards were told, for a moment, the ships were as it were in the fiery cloud, after which they had a thick train of smoke for some time. When you hit, our anchor of one paw ripped the skin of the cruiser's side, and the other made a hole in the nasal part of his ship's side. From the impact of the TCR dropped from the cruiser, the sort of our ship went left, and the feed began dangerously approaching the cruiser.
An emergency alarm was played on the cruiser, the personal composition rushed with decks and sites down, the cruiser commander rushed inside the chassis bridge. At this time, he, apparently, has lost control of the cruiser for some time, and he turned away from the blow to the right to the right, which even more increased the danger of him in the stern of the CFR "selfless". After that, Bogdashin, commanding the "right on board", increased the course of up to 16 knots, which allowed the stern from the side of the cruiser somewhat, but at the same time, the cruiser trusted to the left for the previous course, - after that, the next most powerful and effective naval occurred. Rather, the crane of the cruiser. The blow fell into the area of \u200b\u200bthe helicopter platform, - a high acute shattement with the semi-branches of the SCR, figuratively speaking, got into the cruising helicopter deck and with a roll of 15-20 degrees to the left side began to smash his mass, as well as hesitated from the bears, everything came across Gradually sliding towards the cruising stern: he broke the onset of the superstructure, quit all the leera of the helicopter platform, broke the commander boat, then slipped on the deck of Utah (on the stern) and also demolished all the Leera with racks. Then it hooked the launch installation of the PCR "Harpoon", it seemed that a little more and the starting unit would be drunk with its fastener to the deck. But at that moment, clinging for something, the anchor broke away from the anchor chains and, like a ball (3.5 tons of weight!), Fleasters through the fodder deck of the cruiser from the left side, collapsed into the water already behind his right side, miraculously not Hooking anyone from the Emergency Party of the Cruiser on the deck of sailors. Of the four containers of the launcher of the PCR "Garpun" two were broken in half together with rockets, their torn heads were hanging on internal cables. Another container was bent. 
Scheme maneuver
Finally, the semi-bodies of the SCR slipped from the stern of the cruiser to the water, we moved away from the cruiser and took a position on his traverse in a distance of 50-60 meters, warning that I would repeat, if the Americans do not come out of the heat. At this time, a strange bustle of the personnel of emergency parties was observed on the deck of the cruiser (all blacks): stretching fire hoses and slightly swallowed the water broken rockets, which were not burned, sailors These hoses and other fire fighting products suddenly began to rush to the inner premises of the ship. As it turned out later, there began a fire in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Garpun PKR cellars and anti-submarine missiles "Asro".
Valentin Selivanov. After a while I receive a report from Mikheev: "The Esminet" Karon "turned away from the course and should be directly at me, the bearing does not change." Seaman is understandable, which means "the bearing does not change," that is, there is a collision. I send Mikheev: "Commend to the right side of the cruiser and cover them. Let" Karon "Tranched Him".
Nikolai Mikheev. But "Karon" approached us at a distance of 50-60 meters from the left side and lay on the parallel course. On the right at the same distance and the cruiser followed the parallel course. Further, the Americans began on the converging courses, how to clamp the SCR "selfless" in the ticks. Ordered to charge the reactive bombing plants of RBU-6000 deep bombs (the Americans saw it) and expand them on the traverse on the right and left side, respectively, against the cruiser and the destroyer (however, both installations of the Republic of Belarus operate in combat mode only synchronously, but the Americans did not know that). It seems to have worked, - American ships turned away.
At this time, the cruiser began to prepare a couple of helicopters for departure. He reported on the Fleet KP, that the Americans prepare helicopters to us some kind of dirty.
Valentin Selivanov. For the report, Mikheyeva give him: "Tell the Americans - helicopters in the case of their lifting to the air will be shot down as the airspace of the Soviet Union" (the ships were in our tervodes). At the same time, the order was handed over to the Fleet Aviation: "Raise a duty of a couple of attack aircraft in the air! Task: Barragging over the American ships invisible to the heat in order to prevent the rise of their deck helicopters into the air." But the Aviation reports: "In the nearby Sarych district, there is a group of landing helicopters. I propose to send a couple of helicopters instead of the attack aircraft, it's much faster, moreover, they will perform the task of opposition to take off more effectively and clearly." I approve this proposal and inform Mikheev about the direction to the area of \u200b\u200bour helicopters. Soon I receive a report of OD Aviation: "A pair of Mi-26 helicopters in the air, follow in the area."
Nikolai Mikheev. Transferred to the Americans what will be with helicopters if they are raised into the air. It did not affect, - I see the blades of the screws already twisted. But at this time, we were over 50-70 meters above us, making several circles above the American ships and demonstratively dependent on the side of them, a couple of our Mi-26 helicopters with a complete combat suspension of on-board weapons, is an impressive view. This apparently affected, - the Americans swallow their helicopters and rolled into the hangar.
Valentin Selivanov. Then ordered the orders from the Central Committee of the Navy: "The Minister of Defense demanded to understand and report on this incident" (the fleet of our heights later sought: to report with the list of persons to be withdrawn from posts and degradation). We submitted a detailed report on the instance, as everything happened. Literally after a couple of hours, one more orders come with the Central Committee of the Navy: "The Minister of Defense requires to submit a distinguished to encouragement" (our acutes and here have been found: the list of persons to delay the register of the defendants for awarding). Well, it seemed to be failed from the heart, the tension helped, all of us with the calculation of the Fleet KP like calmed down.
The next day, Americans, without reaching our Caucasian sea regions, moved to the exit from the Black Sea. Again, under the non-primary control of the new ship group of our ships. After another day, the "born" ships of the Vallandal 6 fleet of the US Navy left the Black Sea in this voyage in this voyage.
Vladimir Bogdashin, the next day, on the orders of Glavkom, the Navy flew with all documents to Moscow for the report by the Command of the Navy and the management of the General Staff of all the details of the incident. 
Vladimir Bogdashin. In Moscow, I was met by OU GS Navy officers and delivered directly to the General Staff. The elevator rose upstairs together with Colonel-General V.N. Lobov. He, having learned who I was, said: "Well done, son! Sailors did not let us down after that Rusta. Everything is right!". Then I all reported to the officers of the General Staff, explained the maneuvering and photo modes. Then I had to tell everything again and explain the group of gathered journalists. Next, I "took" the correspondent of the Military Department of the Pravda newspaper Captain 1 rank Alexander Gorokhov and took the editorial office, where it was necessary to repeat everything. In the release of the newspaper for February 14, 1988, his article was published "What do they need from our coast? Invalid actions of the US Navy" with a brief description of our "features".
Material prepared Vladimir Zamsky, captain 1 rank
(Shot from the American vessel)
Excerpt from the book "Secrets of Sevastopol" Valeria Ivanova
The actions of the warships of the Safety Vessel of the Ice Class "Yamal". The icebelt and enhancement of the housing of the dry car has been much more powerful than the hull of guard ships, but they could not chase at twenty knots for the newest American cruiser "Yamal".
The strength of the shocks of the "selfless" was recognized later. Cracks in 80 and 120 mm were formed at the touch of the scar, a small breakdown arose in the area of \u200b\u200bpassage trails, a somewhat impressive dents received both the nasal titanium bug. Already in the factory conditions, the displacement of four engines and couplings were detected.
On Yorktown in the area of \u200b\u200bthe average superstructure, apparently, there was a fire, the Americans in fire suits came down, unwinding fire sleeves, with intentions to stew something.
"Unless" no longer overlooked the American ships. Then again increased the speed and finally gave the "Honor Circle" around "Yorktown" and "Caron". "Yorktown" seemed dead - not a single person on the decks and bridges could be seen.
When it remained to "Carone" about one and a half of the cable, the decks and add-ons were poured, probably the entire crew of the ship. Dozens, hundreds of photos sparkled on the "Carone", accomplishing "selfless" here such photos applause.
Referring to the gold letters in the stern, "selfless" proudly swept past and, no matter how much it happened, took the course to Sevastopol.
As reported by foreign sources, after the incident "Yorktown" was repaired for several months at one of the shipyards. The commander of the cruiser was removed from office for passive actions and provided to the Soviet ship initiative than the moral damage to the prestige of the American fleet. The US Congress has froze the Naval Statement Budget for almost six months.
Oddly enough, but in our country attempts arose to accuse Soviet seamen in unlawful actions, a sea of \u200b\u200bscope and so on. This was done, mainly for political purposes and in cohar. They did not have a serious basis for themselves, and the accusations crumbled as a card house. Because in this case, the fleet showed decisiveness and simply performed the functions assigned to it.
