Table of the main stages of the life and work of Nekrasov. Chronology. The beginning of literary activity

The chronological table of the life and work of Nekrasov is set out in this article.

N. A. Nekrasov chronological table

Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov- poet, writer and publicist, revolutionary democrat, classic of Russian literature.

This article provides a brief chronological table of Nekrasov's life, you can make a more detailed one yourself based on his biography.

Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov- Russian poet, perceived by contemporaries as the flagship of revolutionary democratic lyrics and the personification of the "conscience of the era." In Nekrasov's lyrics, which opened new page in the development of Russian realism , dramas and tragedies unfolded Everyday life representatives of the social lower classes and revealed the deep properties of the national character .

The life of N. Nekrasov in dates and facts

December 10, 1821. - was born into a noble family in the town of Nemirovo, Vinnitsa district, Podolsk province. Three years later, the family moved to the village of Greshnevo, Yaroslavl province.

1832-1837- studied at the Yaroslavl gymnasium.

IN 1838. - came to St. Petersburg in the hope of continuing his education there, but when he tried to enter the university, he failed and, having signed up as a free student, took up professional literary work.

1840- the first collection of poetry by Nekrasov was published "Dreams and Sounds", which was criticized negatively. Disappointed by the failure, the author bought up the copies available in bookstores and burned them.

1840-1844- a period of heavy literary day labor, which, however, opened access to famous periodicals for the poet. During these years, N.A. Nekrasov became close to the literary critic Belinsky and the Panaevs, who played a prominent role in Russian literature.

1845-1846- the collections "Physiology of St. Petersburg" and "Petersburg Collection" were published, which included Nekrasov's works.

WITH 1847. and for the next 19 years Nekrasov was the publisher and de facto editor of the Sovremennik magazine. The concept of this edition in the 40s. largely determined by Belinsky. Despite the brutal pressure of censorship, Sovremennik retained its position as an outpost of progressive thought.

1856- a collection was published "Poems", which included the best works of the poet, created by him in 10 years. This book was a great success with readers. In the same year, Nekrasov went on a trip abroad, which lasted about a year. material from the site

1860s were overshadowed by painful events: the arrest of several employees of Sovremennik and the subsequent closure of the journal, the death of N.A. Dobrolyubov, one of the most talented literary critics and Nekrasov's closest associates. At the same time, this period was extremely beneficial for the poet in a creative sense, as evidenced by the appearance of his numerous poems and the famous poem "Jack Frost"(1864), as well as the beginning of work on a monumental poem “Who is living well in Rus'?” which he wrote for the rest of his life.

1868- got a job as one of the editors in the journal "Domestic Notes".

1870-1873- poems were written "Grandfather"(1870) and "Russian women"(1873), dedicated to the theme of the Decembrists.

IN 1877 Nekrasov's collection was published "Last Songs".

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Role and place in literature

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov is a famous Russian poet, prose writer, critic, publisher of the 19th century. Nekrasov's literary activity contributed to the development of Russian literary language. In his writings, he used both folklore traditions and new speech elements. The poet is considered an innovator in the field of literary genres. His folk, satirical poems have become an important contribution to the golden fund of Russian literature.

Origin and early years

Nekrasov was born on December 10, 1821 in the city of Nemirov. The future poet came from a noble family, formerly rich.

Father - Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov, an army officer, a wealthy landowner. He had a weakness for gambling and women. The father could not serve as a good moral example: he had a cruel, violent character, typical of feudal lords. He mistreated the serfs, made his wife and children suffer.

Mother - Elena Andreevna Nekrasova (nee Zakrevskaya), heiress of a wealthy possessor of the Kherson province. She was educated and pretty. She liked the young officer Alexei Sergeevich, but her parents were against marriage. Then the woman decided to marry without their consent. However family life with a despotic husband has become a nightmare.

The childhood of Nikolai Alekseevich took place in the family estate in the village of Greshnevo. He grew up in a large family. In addition to him, the parents had 12 more children. However, the atmosphere was not favorable: the father constantly mocked the serfs, did not respect his family. The precarious financial situation forced Alexei Sergeevich to take the post of police officer. He traveled around the neighborhood and beat out arrears from the peasants. Father often took little Nikolai with him to work, perhaps to show what a landowner should be like. However, the future poet, on the contrary, was forever inflamed with hatred for the feudal lords and pity for the common people.

Education

When Nekrasov was 11 years old, he was sent to study at the Yaroslavl gymnasium. He stayed there until 5th grade. He did not study very well, did not get along with the school administration, which was unhappy with his satirical rhymes.

In 1838, his father sent his 17-year-old son to St. Petersburg to enter the noble regiment. However, Nikolai did not share his father's dream of military career. Having met a friend from the gymnasium, who became a student, he also wanted to study. Therefore, Nekrasov violates his father's order and tries to enter St. Petersburg University, but to no avail. He becomes a volunteer lecturer. A strict father does not forgive his son and stops providing him with money. Young Nekrasov is now forced to fight for survival. He spent most of his time looking for a job. By chance, he found a way to make money - he wrote petitions for pennies.

Creation

Having lived independently for several years in need, Nekrasov gradually began to get out of it with the help of literary talent. He gave private lessons, published small articles in periodicals. The first successes inspired the young man - and he seriously thinks about literary activity: he tries himself in poetry and prose. At first, Nikolai writes in a romantic direction, imitating the best representatives, which would later become the basis for the development of his own realistic method.

In 1840, with the support of his comrades, Nekrasov published his first book entitled Dreams and Sounds. The poems were a clear imitation of the romantic works of famous poets. The critic Belinsky gave a negative assessment of the book, although he noted that the poems of the young poet "came out of the soul." Not only critics, but also readers did not take Nekrasov's poetic debut seriously. This upset Nikolai so much that he himself bought up his books in order to destroy them, as the famous Gogol once did.

After a poetic failure, Nekrasov tries his hand at prose. In the works, he displayed personal life experience, so the images turned out to be truthful and therefore close to the people.

Nekrasov tries himself in different genres, including humorous: he writes joke poems and vaudeville.

Publishing activities also attracted a multifaceted writer.

Major works

The poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'" is a very important work in creative heritage Nikolay Nekrasov. It was written between 1866 and 1876. The main idea of ​​the poem is search happy person in Rus'. The work reflected the true situation of the people in the post-reform period.

Of the many poems by Nekrasov, schoolchildren can be offered the work "On the Road" for study. This is an early work by Nekrasov, but the author's style is already visible in it.

Last years

In 1875, Nekrasov was diagnosed with a terrible disease - intestinal cancer. His last works are a cycle of poems "Last Songs" dedicated to his wife. The poet died on December 27, 1877.

Chronological table (by dates)

Interesting facts from the life of the poet

• Nikolai Nekrasov was very critical of his own work.
• The poet loved to play cards, once he lost a large sum of money to A. Chuzhbinsky. As it turned out, he cheated with long nails.
• The poet was fond of hunting, loved to go to the bear.
• Nekrasov suffered from bouts of melancholy and depression, which had a bad effect on his personal life. .

Museum of Nikolai Nekrasov

There are several museums in honor of Nikolai Nekrasov: in St. Petersburg, Chudovo, in the Karabikha estate, where the poet lived from 1871 to 1876.

* Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born October 10 (November 28), 1821 in Nemirov, Vinnitsa district, Podolsk province.
* Nekrasov's father, Alexei Sergeevich, was a small estate nobleman, an officer. After retiring, he settled in his family estate, in the village of Greshnev, Yaroslavl province (now the village of Nekrasovo). He had several souls of serfs, whom he treated quite harshly. His son watched this from an early age, and it is believed that this circumstance determined the formation of Nekrasov as a revolutionary poet.
* Nekrasov's mother, Alexandra Andreevna Zakrevskaya, became his first teacher. She was educated, and she also tried to instill in all her children (who were 14) a love for the Russian language and literature.
* The childhood years of Nikolai Nekrasov passed in Greshnev. At the age of 7, the future poet had already begun to compose poetry, and a few years later - satires.
* 1832 - 1837 years- study at the Yaroslavl gymnasium. Nekrasov studies averagely, periodically conflicting with his superiors because of his satirical poems.
* 1838- Nekrasov, without completing training course in the gymnasium (he only reached the 5th grade), he leaves for St. Petersburg to enter the noble regiment. My father dreamed that Nikolai Alekseevich became a military man. But in St. Petersburg, Nekrasov, against the will of his father, is trying to enter the university. The poet does not pass the entrance exams, and he has to decide on a volunteer at the Faculty of Philology.
* 1838 - 1840 years- Nikolai Nekrasov, volunteer student of the Philological Faculty of St. Petersburg University. Upon learning of this, the father deprives him of material support. According to Nekrasov's own recollections, he lived in poverty for about three years, surviving on small odd jobs. At the same time, the poet enters the literary and journalistic circles of St. Petersburg.
* In the same year (1838) the first publication of Nekrasov took place. The poem "Thought" is published in the magazine "Son of the Fatherland". Later, several poems appear in the Library for Reading, then in the Literary Supplements to the Russian Invalid.
* All the difficulties of the first years of life in St. Petersburg, Nikolai Alekseevich will describe later in the novel "The Life and Adventures of Tikhon Trostnikov." 1840- for the first savings, Nekrasov decides to publish his first collection, which he does under the signature "N.N.", despite the fact that V.A. Zhukovsky dissuades him. The collection "Dreams and Sounds" is not successful. Upset Nekrasov destroys part of the circulation.
* 1841- Nekrasov begins to cooperate in the "Notes of the Fatherland".
* The same period - Nikolai Alekseevich earns a living doing journalism. He edits the Russkaya Gazeta and maintains the headings “Chronicle of Petersburg Life”, “Petersburg Dachas and Surroundings” in it. Collaborates in "Notes of the Fatherland", "Russian invalid", theatrical "Pantheon". At the same time, under the pseudonym N.A. Perepelsky writes fairy tales, alphabets, vaudevilles, melodramatic plays. The latter are successfully staged on the stage of the Alexandria Theater in St. Petersburg.
* 1843- Nekrasov meets Belinsky. He tries publishing and publishes the almanac "Articles in verse ...".
* 1845- Nekrasov's first realistic poem "On the Road" was written. The poem received Belinsky's highest praise.
* The same year - Nekrasov publishes the almanac "Physiology of St. Petersburg".
* 1846- Nikolai Alekseevich publishes the almanacs "Petersburg Collection" and "First of April". All the poet's almanacs included works by Belinsky, Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Dahl, Herzen. In police denunciations, Nekrasov is called "the most desperate communist" for his depiction of the "low" life of St. Petersburg.
*1847 - 1866- Nekrasov is the editor of the Sovremennik magazine.
* 1847-1864- Nekrasov is in a civil marriage with the writer Avdotya Yakovlevna Panaeva, who also collaborates in Sovremennik.
* The main themes of the poet's work during this period were lyrics (poems dedicated to Panaeva), poems about the urban poor, about peasant life, about the people.
* Mid 1850s- Nekrasov is being treated for a sore throat in Italy.
*1856- another collection of Nekrasov's poems is a resounding success.
* 1862- the poem "Knight for an hour" was written. The work was the result of Nikolai Alekseevich's trip to his native places. The same year - Nekrasov acquires the Karabikha estate, located near Yaroslavl. Starting this year, the poet spends every summer in Karabikha.
*1866- after the peasant reform, the revolutionary-democratic magazine Sovremennik was banned by censorship.
* 1866 - 1876 years- work on the poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'."
* 1868- Nekrasov acquires the right to publish "Notes of the Fatherland", which, together with M.E. Saltykov leads until his death.
* 1870- the poem "Grandfather" was written.
* 1871 - 1872 years- Nekrasov writes the poem "Russian Women".
* 1875- The poem "Contemporaries" was written. At the beginning of the same year, the poet fell seriously ill. The then-famous surgeon Billroth came from Vienna to operate Nekrasov, but the operation did not produce results.
* 1877- Nekrasov publishes a cycle of poems "Last Songs". December 27, 1877(January 8, 1878) - Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov dies in St. Petersburg from cancer. He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

we need a table with the main dates of the biography of Nikolai Nekrasov. Can you help?) and got the best answer

Answer from Yoma Psykh: D[master]
Chronological table Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov
November 28, 1821 - Born in the town of Nemirov in the Podolsk province. In the family of an officer. He spent his childhood in the village of Greshnevs in the Yaroslavl province on his father's estate on the Volga. Father - Alexei Sergeevich, an ignorant, without humane, cruel landowner. He strictly kept his two sons: Nikolai and Andrey. Mother - Elena Andreevna is an educated, meek, humble, calm and loving mother. She always stood up for the offended peasants, for her children, inspired them with love for people, for work, the desire for truth, goodness and justice. The poet forever left a grateful memory of her.
1832 - Nekrasov entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium.
1837 - He graduated from the Yaroslavl gymnasium and began to write poetry.
1838 - He came to St. Petersburg, with a dream to enter St. Petersburg University, but failed to do so, as his father refused N. A. Nekrasov financial assistance. N. A. Nekrasov fell into the most terrible poverty.
1840 - Publishes his first collection of poems "Dreams and Sounds", but he was not successful with readers and Belinsky condemned this collection.
1843 - Acquaintance with V. G. Belinsky. The meeting with him was a very important event in the life of N. A. Nekrasov.
1846 - 1866 - N. A. Nekrasov, an employee of the Sovremennik magazine.
1861 - Death of Dobrolyubov. In honor of him, A.N. Nekrasov wrote a poem.
1861 - The poem "Pedlars".
1862 - Orest and Chernyshevsky's exile.
1863 - Break with Panaeva Avdotya Yakovlevna. When he began to contribute to the journal Otechestvennye Zapiski, he worked with her husband. Nekrasov fell in love with her and she fell in love with him, she lived in a civil marriage for 15 years, and the relationship with her ex-husband, Nekrasov, oddly enough, remained friendly. He dedicated many poems to her, including The Panaevsky Cycle.
1863 - 1864 - The poem "Frost Red Nose", the poem " Railway”,“ Motherland ”,“ Arina, mother of a soldier ”.
1866 - The publication of the journal "Domestic Notes" together with Saltykov Shchedrin led the journal for 10 years, until his death.
1872 - 1873 - The poem "Russian Women" (Princess Trubitskaya and Princess Volkonskaya) about the wives of the Decembrists.
1877 - Publication of the collection "Last Songs".
1877 December 27 - (January 8, 1878 according to a new style) - Death of Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov in St. Petersburg, throat cancer.

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Answer from Vlada Kan[newbie]
N. A. Nekrasov chronological table DateEvent November 28, 1821 Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born in Nemirov, Ukraine, where his father, Major A. S. Nekrasov, served. He spent his childhood in the village of Greshnevs in the Yaroslavl province on his father's estate on the Volga. 1832-1837 Nikolai studied at the Yaroslavl gymnasium and even then began to write poetry. In 1838, against the will of his father, N. A. Nekrasov left for St. Petersburg to enter the university. He did not enter the university, he lived in poverty. 1840 Publishes his first collection of poems Dreams and Sounds, but he was not successful. 1843 the poet met with V. G. Belinsky, whose ideas had a huge impact on Nekrasov. 1850-1860s, during the public upsurge of the peasant reform, Nekrasov published the works “The Poet and the Citizen”, “The Song of Eremushka”, “Reflections at the Front Door”, the poem “Peddlers”. In 1856 the collection "Poems" was published (the best works in 10 years). 1847-1866 Nikolai Alekseevich published and edited the Sovremennik magazine. 1868 worked on the journal Domestic Notes. 1856-1877 period of active creative activity. Publication of the collection "Last Songs". He writes the 4th part of "To whom it is good to live in Rus'." December 27, 1877 A. Nekrasov died in St. Petersburg. (Due to serious illness.)
Source: Encyclopedia useful knowledge© ktoikak.com

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Answer from Alena Nikitina[newbie]
1821, November 28 (December 10) - N. A. Nekrasov was born in Ukraine in the town
Nemirov of the Podolsk province in the noble family of retired lieutenant Alexei Sergeevich and Elena Andreevna Nekrasov.
1824-1832 - Life in the village of Greshnevo, Yaroslavl province
1838 - Leaves the estate of his father Greshnevo in order to enter the St. Petersburg noble regiment at his will, but, contrary to his wishes, decides to enter St. Petersburg University;
father deprives him of his livelihood.
1840 - The first imitative collection of poems "Dreams and Sounds".
1843 - Acquaintance with V. G. Belinsky.
1845 - The poem "On the road";
enthusiastic review of V. G. Belinsky.
1845-1846 - Publisher of two collections of writers of the natural school - "Physiology of St. Petersburg" and "Petersburg Collection".
1847-1865 - Editor and publisher of the Sovremennik magazine.
1853 - The cycle "Last elegies".
1856 - The first collection of poems by N. Nekrasov.
1861 - The poem "Pedlars";
the release of the second edition of "Poems by N. Nekrasov".
1862 - The poem "The Knight for an Hour", the poems "Green Noise", "In full swing the village suffering";
acquisition of the Karabikha estate near Yaroslavl.
1863-1864 - The poem "Frost, Red Nose", poems "Orina, a soldier's mother", "In memory of Dobrolyubov", "Railway".
1865 - The first part of the poem "To Whom in Rus' to Live Well" was published.
1868 - The first issue of N. A. Nekrasov's new magazine "Notes of the Fatherland" with the poem "Who Lives Well in Rus'" is published.
1868-1877 - Together with M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, he edited the journal "Domestic Notes".
1870 - The poem "Grandfather".
1871-1872 - Poems "Princess Trubetskaya" and "Princess Volkonskaya".
1876 ​​- Work on the fourth part of the poem "To whom in Rus' to live well."
1877 - The book "Last Songs" is published.
1877, December 27 (1878, January 8) - Nekrasov died in St. Petersburg. He was buried in the cemetery of the Novodevichy Convent.