Presentation in Russian of a sentence with interjections. Presentation on the topic "interjection lesson". Groups of interjections by meaning
Plan Grammatical meaning of interjections Functions of interjections Groups of interjections Punctuation marks and hyphens in interjections Derived and non-derivative interjections Onomatopoeic words General information of onomatopoeic words Unusualness of onomatopoeic words Interjection and onomatopoeic words
Onomatopoeic words. Interjections are adjoined by onomatopoeic words that do not express either feelings or motivation for action, but convey the cries of animals and birds, the sounds of inanimate nature: meow, qua, mu-u, bul-bul, ha-ha-ha. It is interesting to live in the world if you know interjections!
General information onomatopoeic words Onomatopoeic words, like interjections, are the basis for the formation of words of other parts of speech: nouns, adjectives, verbs that are actively used in speech. For example: The frog assured that it was necessary to croak qua. / The cuckoo repeated that somewhere there is a kuku; ... Her hearing was struck by the most miserable meow.
Unusual onomatopoeic words. Onomatopoeia are unusual already in that they have a direct resemblance to the sounds of the outside world. Some of them are characterized by a non-standard sound image. Another feature of onomatopoeia is that they often have phonetic variants. It is interesting to live in the world if you know interjections!
Interjection and onomatopoeic words. 1) A special part of speech. But neither independent nor official. 2) Expresses feelings, mood, motivation. but does not name them. 3) Are not members of the proposal. but Can be used in the meaning of other parts: A voiced ay was heard in the forest. 4) Derivatives (from independent parts of speech): Guard! Non-derivatives: ah, oh, well, hey, etc. Do not change. Interjection is an accessory of oral speech. Interjections and onomatopoeia formed by repetition are written with a hyphen: bye-bye, wow-wow.
Interjections as a part of speech
Russian language presentation for grades 7-11
What is an interjection ?
- An interjection is an invariable part of speech that does not apply to either independent or auxiliary parts of speech. She expresses various feelings, impulses, but does not name them: oh, oh, oh, oh my god. Interjections do not name a subject, i.e. they have no nominative function.
Types of interjections
by origin
Non-derivatives
Derivatives
interjections do not correlate with words of other parts of speech and usually consist of one, two or three sounds: ah, oh, uh, ah, oh, eh, wow, alas .
interjections are formed from words of other parts of speech: a) verbs ( hello, goodbye, think ); b) nouns ( fathers, guards, lord ); c) adverbs ( pretty, full ); d) pronouns ( the same ).
Compound interjections like ah-ah-ah, oh-oh-oh.
Derived interjections include words of foreign origin ( hello, bravo, bis, kaput ).
Types of interjections
by origin
Primary
interjections are not formed from other parts of speech: ah, oh, wow, hey .
Secondary
interjections formed from other parts of speech: from nouns ( Nonsense! Trouble! Lid! Right! ), from verbs ( Hello! Farewell !), from adverbs and pronouns ( That's it! Full! ).
non-primitives
interjections are a group of words correlated with words or forms of one or another significant part of speech ( fathers, mothers, Lord, damn ).
A large number of these interjections are associated with the verb: quit, it will be, sorry (those), pli (from the fall), please, have mercy, tovs (get ready), enough .
There are single non-primitive interjections associated with pronominal words, adverbs, particles or unions: won, something, ek, eka; out, away, away; already, however; ts, tsh, tss, sh-sh-sh (out of the quieter) . It is also customary to include indivisible or weakly articulating combinations of a primitive interjection with a particle or pronoun: yeah, on you (here), well, well, yes, oh , as well as connections uh uh uh uh huh .
antiderivatives
interjections that have no connection in the modern language with any of the significant parts of speech: ah, ah, ah, ah, ah, ba, brr, shove, gay, hey, them, na, but, well, oh, wow, oh, oh, whoa, whoa, ugh, alas, u-lu- lu, uh, uh, fi, fu, ha, hee, ho, tsyts, hey, ehm, eh, um, hmm .
Types of interjections by structure
Simple
Complex
Composite
consist of one word (oh, oh, alas)
formed by combining two or three interjections (ah-ah-ah, oh-oh-oh, father-lights )
consist of two or more words (alas and ah; the same thing; here you go; here you go)
1. Emotional
The boundary between purely emotional interjections and emotional-evaluative ones is not always clear enough.
Interjections of emotional evaluation, (emotional-evaluative)
wow (wow), class, Oh, how much you can, mmm, Oh, how tired I am, Ay, save me! Ay-yai-yai, Fu, finally, Oh, this is another matter, There! Hooray! Yep, that's how it is! Ege, it's not so simple, Ah, so it is?
Emotional state interjections (situational)
ah, oh, wow, ah, pah, fathers, oh my god, fi, damn, bravo, cheers, brr, ba, oh, uh, eh, woo, oh-oh-oh, choo, my God, my God , thank God, hooray, alas, Oh!, oh-oh-oh, Ah!
Types (ranks) of interjections by semantics (meaning)
2. Incentives (imperative, imperative)
encore, down, march, let's go, shh, away, full, out, stop, scat, tsyts, sh-sh, ch-ch-ch, kitty-kitty, chick-chick, but, whoa, sentry, hello, Apchhi! Bo-o! Woo! Bang Bang! Woo-way! One or two took! Hello gop! Quiet! Om-Nom-nom! Hrrrr! Bye-bye! WELL!
Types (ranks) of interjections by semantics (meaning)
3. Verbs (onomatopoeic)
bam, knock, bang, cheburakh, clap, bang, fat, stunned!, jumped!, got it!
4. Label
thank you, merci, hello, hello, bye, please, goodbye, good night, happy holiday, good health, all the best, see you, good morning, farewell(those), sorry(those), sorry(those), hello( those) great
Types (ranks) of interjections by semantics (meaning)
5. Swear
damn it, damn it, damn it, my God, my God, mother queen of heaven, tell me for mercy, my fathers, the devil knows what, that's a miracle, you abyss, tell me for mercy, here it is! was not! here's to you! here's one for you!
Methods for the formation of interjections
stable phraseological combinations separate phraseological turns
Here's another! Was not! Here's to you! Here's one for you! Damn it! My God! Holy Fathers! It's tobacco! That's the story! Damn it!
transition to another part of speech
Trouble! Trouble!; Cholera! Dog! Dog! Blue-winged dove! Woo-way! Stunned! Jumped! Got it! Steamed!
borrowing (copy ( usually incomplete and inaccurate ) words or expressions from one language to another)
Wow (wow!), oops, yes! (from English) , Kaput! (from German) let's go (from Tatar) guard (from Turkish) Hello (from French) Bravo, bis (from Latin)
uh vfemization
paragraph, kopets, kopets, kranty
The syntactic role of interjections in a sentence
Interjections can act as an independent exclamatory statement. They are syntactically independent, i.e. not related to other members of the sentence.
Interjections are possible as part of a sentence, for example: Ay spread through the forest! (interjection as subject ). Suddenly I heard wow! (interjection as a complement). He fuck me over the head! (interjection in the role of the predicate, the role of the interjection approaches the verb). Mousetrap clap, slammed shut (interjection in the role of a predicate, the role approaches the verb).
Interjections in colloquial youth speech and slang
Kopets, kranty, so, OK, oops, fir-trees ...
Look how big! - Duc!
Are you aware that you are failing? - Duc
It was worth pushing, and hoban! - all is ready!
Bems! And she turned on!
So, get outta here!
A significant field for the use of interjections are chats, forums in Internet , phone sms. According to observations, these interjections are widely used in the speech of young people and schoolchildren.
Interjections of youth vocabulary penetrate into literary works, on TV screens, in feature films as the realities of today. It is enough to look at “Our Russia”, “Give it to you, youth!” or read novels by D. Dontsova. (For example: "Well, finally straight! - goggled eyes Erin. - Hey , baby, ... Go home, sleep. "Fast speech Rita was interrupted by the ringing of her mobile. .. young woman grabbed the phone. - Yah? - she exclaimed. - And what is he? Bay! Let's come!").
Interjection is a characteristic accessory of colloquial style, its voice element. The role of interjections in oral speech is great: they give the statement a national flavor, naturalness and emotionality. The modern interjection succinctly, concisely and consciously expresses a person's attitude to everything that he may encounter. Interjection as a word that serves to express emotions, convey feelings and motivations of the speaker, carries important information that must be conveyed in order to preserve the true message of the author. Interjections serve the purpose of saving language resources. For example, I did not expect to see, to meet my acquaintance in some place. Surprise about this can be expressed in the following sentences: And you're here, how did you get here? You didn't mean to come here. Who do I see?! , or with one interjection: Ba! You can call for silence, you can calm down with sentences: Hush please, can't hear anything , or with one interjection: Shh!
Interjection sentences
Inter mete t n y are called sentences consisting of interjections pronounced in the appropriate exclamatory or motivating tone.
In interjectional sentences, the feelings or motivations of the speakers are expressed, for example: 1) Ugh! Blundered (Gr.) - expression of annoyance. 2) Ba! All familiar faces (Gr.) - expression of surprise. 3) At ! How fresh and good! (G.) - expression of admiration. 4) On the! - the urge to take. 5) Out! - a sharp order to leave, etc.,
Often an interjectional sentence is formed by a phraseological phrase of an interjectional nature, for example: Here's to you!(expression of disappointment). Was not!(willingness to do something with some uncertainty about success), etc. Like all phraseological phrases, these interjectional phrases do not fall into parts, and sentences, therefore, are indivisible.
Attention!
It is impossible to consider as interjectional sentences those in which the interjection is used in the role of another part of speech and is any of its members, for example: far away hooray (P.) - interjection hooray used as a noun and is the subject. bell ding-ding-ding (P.) - interjection ding-ding-ding used as a verb and is a predicate. Ah yes honey! And it beats in the head and in the legs (P.) - interjection ah yes used in the sense of an adjective of quality ("good, excellent") and is a predicate in a sentence.
Punctuation marks in interjectional sentences.
Interjection sentences are separated by an interrogative mark, an exclamatory mark, a dot o y, a lot of dots or commas.
EXAMPLES. 1) A-ah.. ! - Kostyl was surprised, listening to Lipa. Ah !.. Well- at? (Ch.) 2) Ts-s ... Well, why are you screaming? (Crimea.) 3) Well , I've got it all worked out. (Beagle.) 4) These people sing terribly ... fuy ! Like jackals. (Ch.) 5) Guard ! Take, damned, both the horse and the cart. don't ruin my soul! Guard ! (Ch.) 6) I, she-she , is not guilty either in soul or body. (M. G.) 7. I, Alas ! did not understand him.
From interjections it is necessary to distinguish particles similar to them, which are not separated by a comma. Compare
EXAMPLES: ABOUT, you were a playful child. (P.) But I do not want, oh friend, to die. (P.)(In the first example, o is an interjection expressing admiration; in the second, it is a particle when addressing.)
2. An interjection is not separated by commas when it is a member of a sentence, for example, a predicate with an imperative mood value:
On a book! March from here! Ayda to the Volga, guys!
Gavrilova Tatiana
Vladimirovna,
Teacher of Russian language and literature
MKOU "Sosnovskaya secondary school"
Resources Used
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Interjection Ah! Eh! Oh! Wow! Oh! Russian language lesson in the 7th grade
Here is the last topic of the seventh grade ... Interjection. Have you ever heard this word? And this is the name of a part of speech that does not belong to either an independent or a service part of speech. Strange word, isn't it? So what is an interjection? Alas CSO
Read the poem. Highlight with commas the introductory word repeated in three stanzas of the poem (it happened). What word conveys the feelings of the characters? Same or different feelings? What exactly? Bravo Ba
Eh! - Eh, - the fishermen sighed, - Is it zander? You used to pull out the tail happened with half an arm! - Eh, - zanders sighed, - There used to be worms ... One worm used to eat half a river! - Eh, the worms sighed, - Fishermen used to lie! A. Usachev ish O Ha
The word eh expresses various feelings, but does not name them. After all, it is no coincidence that these feelings are characterized by the same verb sighed. The word eh is an interjection. ! In writing, an interjection is separated by a comma or an exclamation mark. Well that's it
Read the given words denoting the feelings (emotions) of a person. Feeling - the internal (mental, mental) state of a person, his emotional experiences; the ability to experience, to respond with the soul to life impressions. Among them there are words with difficult orthograms. Which ones are difficult for you? Annotate them graphically. Pain, indifference, anger, grief, indignation, admiration, annoyance, fear, bewilderment, indignation, hatred, disgust, sadness, contempt, indifference, joy, regret, fear, shame, surprise, reproach, anxiety ... Maybe you can continue this dictionary? Just think heh
Interjection - the word is a tracing paper of the Latin interjectio, which contained two roots, translated into Russian as “between” and “throw, throw”. Interjection literally means "thrown between" (full words). Interjections are immutable words that express various feelings and volitional impulses of a person, but they are not called at the same time. Well, well, those times
Oh, and all parts of speech do not like interjections. “We all signify something,” they say. - Who is the object, who is the sign, who is the action, and they have only one thing on their minds and on their tongues: Ah! Oh! Guard! Therefore, interjections live separately, expressing emotions and motives, but without naming them: “Ah! Wow! Eh! Oh! Alas! Wow! Bravo! Ba! Oh! Guard! Yes! Fi! Ugh!" Grammar tale Wow
In the Russian language, interjections make up a large and very rich - in terms of the breadth of experiences, sensations, moods they express - a layer of words. In the modern language, according to the “Reverse Dictionary of the Russian Language”, there are 341 interjections - more than prepositions (141), conjunctions (110), particles (149). Brrr what else
Lord, fathers, stupidity, trouble Give it up, thank you, excuse me, goodbye What passions, just think Well, well, that's it, that's it Sources of replenishment of interjections noun
Ah, ah, ah, ah, ah-ah-ah, fathers, bye-bye, my God, bravo, brrr, wow, those times, like that, um, oh my God, yeah, well, what else, oh, no matter how, how, mothers, well, well, well, well, oh, wow, oh, oh, come on, you’ll think, thank God, go crazy, so-and-so, bye, pah, alas, horror, damn it, fi, ha, heh, ho, God forbid, cheers, what the hell, eh. ! Interjections formed by repetition are written with a hyphen.
Bye-bye. Native, familiar to everyone since childhood, the interjection of putting a child to sleep is usually used not alone, but in a whole chain (bayu-bayushki-bayu). This interjection came from the verb to bayat - to speak, to tell tales. Thus, the word bayu-bai turns out to be of the same root as a fable, eloquence (a tendency to verbosity, empty eloquence), charming. Bayu-bayushki-bayu
List all the interjections that are found in the poem. To me, - said Interjection, - It is interesting to live in the world. I express encouragement, Praise, reproach, ban, Gratitude, admiration, Indignation, hello ... Those who are seized by fear, Pronounce the word Ah! Who has a heavy sigh, Pronounce the word Oh! Who meets with trouble, Pronounces the word Oh, Who lags behind friends, Pronounces the word Hey! Who will take the breath, Says the word Wow! It is interesting to live in the world, If you know interjections! Thank God my God
The word "Ah" about yourself. What feelings can be conveyed with this interjection? - Ah, finally I was given the floor! I want to inform you that not only nouns or verbs can have multiple meanings. The nature of the interjection is also very complicated! It turns to you the other side every time. I mean meaning. Oh, how many meanings I have! It's so interesting! And - oh - how difficult! I am perfectly able to express joy and horror, delight and grief, fear and genuine amazement. Do not forget about me, take me with you when you want to talk heart to heart with someone. Oh, I don't think you're listening to me at all! But I have so much to say! More precisely, not to tell, but to express. - Well, what are you! We are listening to you carefully. We've known about you since we were little. We will always turn to you for help. Forgetting you or not hearing is simply impossible! - What are you saying?! Ah, I'm so touched! Oh
Magic words. Every day we meet and say goodbye, we turn to someone with a request, we thank for the work, for the courtesy, we apologize if we made some mistake - and in all these situations these words are our constant companions. They give us a smile of greeting and sadness of farewell, the joy of gratitude and the embarrassment of an apology. Eastern wisdom says: Courteous words of all sooner Before us will open the hearts of people. Ho how
Hello! How many times in our lives do we pronounce this word, the most common and common Russian interjection of greeting when meeting! Now it is for us a simple sign of courtesy. Meanwhile, the original meaning of this word was deeply benevolent. After all, hello literally means “be healthy,” or rather, similarly to the modern greeting. Thank you and please - these two words - interjections of politeness are completely different in terms of their origin. And yet they have something in common, namely the verbal component with which both "begin". The interjection thank you arose as a result of the fusion into one word of the stable phrase God save (the final “g” disappeared over time). The word please was formed from perhaps with the help of a particle (or rather a suffix) - one hundred (compare: (obsolete) thank you, healthy, etc.). The initial one probably appeared, obviously, from a pity - I will thank you. Thank you Please Hello
Dictionary of "polite words". 1. Even an ice block will melt From a warm word ... 2. The old stump will turn green, When he hears ... 3. If we are no longer able to eat, We will tell mom ... 4. A boy, polite and developed, Says when meeting, ... 5. When we are scolded for pranks, We say ... 6. Both in France and Denmark They say goodbye ... Goodbye Sorry Good afternoon
Check yourself! 1. Thank you. 2. Good afternoon. 3. Thank you. 4. Hello. 5. Excuse me, please. 6. Goodbye. No matter how
Insert the necessary interjections and determine their meaning. 1. ... knight, have pity on me, I can hardly breathe, there is no more urine ... 2. ... you vile glass! You're lying to spite me. 3. ..., suddenly there was a ringing of the horns, And someone calls the carla 4. ..., neither the stones of the necklace, nor the sundress, nor the row of pearls, nor the songs of flattery and fun Her souls do not amuse ... 5. «...! caught up with you! Wait!” the young rider shouts. A.S. Pushkin Ah Aha O Alas
Check yourself! 1. O knight, have pity on me, I can hardly breathe, there is no more urine ... 2. Oh, you vile glass! You're lying to spite me. 3. Choo, suddenly there was a ringing of the horns, And someone calls the carla 4. Alas, neither the stones of the necklace, nor the sundress, nor the row of pearls, nor the songs of flattery and fun Her souls amuse ... 5. “Aha! caught up with you! Wait!” the young rider shouts. Mother A
Find the interjections in the following poem. The word Oh and the word Ah Lost in three pines. And Ox said with a sigh: - Oh, it must be bad! And the word Ah said: - Oh, how scary in the three pines! And they groaned, and groaned, And closed their eyes, and cried: - Oh-oh! Ahah! What a horror! What a fear! And said Oh: “Ho-ho! Really, how easy! And Ah said: “Ha-ha! In fact, nonsense! Get lost in the three pines You can only from sleep. E. Izmailov Oh Ah
Fill in the missing punctuation marks in these sentences. Which punctogram is new to you, and which do you repeat? Highlight interjections. What feelings do they express? Underline as members of the sentence those words in the author's speech that help to understand this. 1. Phew, he sighed with relief and joy. 2. Father Misha! Childhood friend! thin was amazed. 3. Oh, where did it come from? he wondered at himself. 4. Ba It was you who shouted Lyutov so loudly that he made passers-by turn to look at him. Um yeah
Self-examination 1. “Ugh,” he sighed with relief and joy. 2. “Fathers Misha! Childhood friend! - the thin one was amazed. 3. “Oh! Where did it come from? he wondered at himself. 4. “Bah! It's you!" shouted Lyutov so loudly that he made passers-by turn to look at him. "P", - a. Fi Lord
Homework 1. Continue the dictionary of feelings. 2. Write out sentences with interjections from the fables of I.A. Krylov, determine their meaning.
Thank you for your attention!
