Mechanical Engineer Day

Workers of engineering and technical specialties can count their holiday not from the time of the order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy in 1996, but from 1854. More than 150 years ago, an organization of naval mechanical engineers was formed in Russia. Representatives of this profession must have an extensive knowledge base; this is the most demanded specialization among engineers responsible for creating the surrounding technological space and introducing high technologies. A prime example of this profession was Henry Ford, who produced new car models in 1913, or Percy Spencer, who patented the microwave oven in 1945.

And also on this day:

International Jazz Festival in Spain

Barcelona is hosting one of the most famous jazz festivals in the world this year. The organizers have always believed that the most suitable time of the year for such an event is autumn. The Barcelona Festival is notable for the fact that it lasts the longest time. In addition, it hosts the largest number of world celebrities, as well as young aspiring musicians. The concerts last a whole month, which are attended by more than 50 thousand spectators from all over the world. Various venues throughout the city have stages, and in some places concerts are free. Here people communicate with each other, stars communicate with each other. Photo exhibitions and films provide an insight into the history of jazz and the festival.

October 30 (old-style October 17) in the folk calendar

Hosea Kolesnik

The prophet Hosea lived in the kingdom of Israel not long before the destruction of Israel. He devoted much energy to the fight against idolatry, turning the hearts of the Jews to God. His wife led an unworthy life and eventually left him. After that, the prophet even more believed in the correctness of his mission and began to convert the Gentiles with great zeal. He received the nickname "Kolesnik" because by that day all the field work had been completed and the carts had been placed in the sheds until spring. Their serviceability was checked immediately prior to storage. That is, "the wheel leaves the rim" on Hosea, and a winter toboggan track was established in many areas. By the last creak of the cart, you can guess about the harvest - the wheels do not creak, which means there will be a lot of products: bread and vegetables. Sadness for the past summer is reflected in folk art: "October is crying with cold tears."

October 30 in the history of the world and Russia

Already at the end of the 19th century, John Loud officially patented his new invention - a mechanical pen. Then there were Van Vechten Reisberg and Joseph Laszlo Biro. People who had to write a lot with a pen, using an inkwell, were very happy with the new devices. Pilots of the British Air Force were the first to use ballpoint pens. In mass production, the pens were first released by an Argentine company, journalist Biro sold his patent to her for 1 million dollars. The invention got to the USA through a practical traveling salesman, who patented it in this country and sold the patent to US companies. Thus, an unknown traveling salesman, taking advantage of someone else's invention, became a millionaire simply thanks to his business acumen.

October 30, 1696 - adoption by the Boyar Duma under the leadership of Peter I of the first law on the fleet

A new milestone in overcoming Russia's isolation in the world and European community was opened by the decree "Sea vessels to be ...". The isolation of the country from political and cultural life was a great obstacle in the development of society and the state. Peter 1 set a goal to find an outlet to the Black and Baltic Seas. This required a fleet. In just a few months, two ships, four fire ships and 1300 small boats were built, which made up the Azov fleet and began a battle with the Turks for the Azov fortress. In 1703, the construction of the Baltic Fleet began intensively, and a year later new warships entered the Neva. The first victory was won only in 1714, near the island of Gangut. Then the Caspian Flotilla and the Black Sea Fleet were built.

October 30, 1653 - Tsar's decree on the abolition of the death penalty for caught thieves and robbers in Russia

The criminals began to be punished with a whip, or the left finger was cut off and exiled to Siberia. The death penalty remained in effect only when the crime was repeated. All the criminals were released and ordered to settle in Siberia, the Lower Volga region and the Ukrainian lands. However, only 6 years later, execution by hanging was reintroduced, after 4 years it was replaced by another punishment. Robbers and thieves were punished by cutting off both legs and left hands, and the severed limbs were nailed to trees to intimidate other people.

There was practically no land defense in Sevastopol at the beginning of the war, therefore, in July 1941, the formation of defensive lines began. By the time the enemy appeared on the outskirts of the city, three lines of defense were completed. On October 30, the enemy tried to penetrate the city, but this failed due to a competent rebuff on the defensive lines. The defense of the city continued for 250 days. In this way, german troops failed to launch an offensive towards the Caucasus. Sevastopol received the title of the Hero City, and 30 thousand people received awards in the form of a medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".

October 30, 1905 - Nicholas II signed the Manifesto "On the improvement of state order"

The 1905 revolution, which began with a peaceful demonstration of the people, was brutally suppressed by the metropolitan authorities with the use of buckshot weapons. The destroyer "Prince Potemkin Tavrichesky", part of the ships located in the Black Sea fleet (the cruiser "Ochakov" and "St. Panteleimon") went over to the side of the revolution. The uprising was picked up by the workers of the country - an all-Russian political strike began. The fleet was headed by Peter Schmidt. On October 30, 1905, the Duma was convened and a Manifesto was issued proclaiming freedom of speech, assembly and association. It could not be regarded as a complete victory of the revolution. The result of the disagreement in his assessment was the formation of two political parties - Party of Democrats (liberal-monarchist bourgeoisie) and Octobrists (big bourgeoisie, (Union of October 17)).

Born on October 30:

Dmitry Pozharsky (1577-1642), Russian prince, military and political leader

The Pozharsky family is rooted in the deep past of the times of Yuri Dolgoruky. For Dmitry Pozharsky, significant moments in his life were participation in the first militia during the Great Troubles in 1611. He was also the leader in the second militia. In collaboration with the merchant Minin, they developed a plan for the liberation of Moscow from Polish invaders in 1612.

Diego Maradona (1960) - famous Argentine football legend

By participating in 4 world football championships, Armando Maradona has truly become an example and an idol of football fans around the world. His qualities - high technique, speed, excellent coordination of movement and endurance, contributed to the achievement of enormous success and receiving many awards and titles. He is the champion of Argentina, two-time champion of Italy, the Footballer of the Year in South America and many more. others. In 1991, Maradona was disqualified for using cocaine. Since 2008 he has been coaching the Argentina team.

Angelica Kaufman (1741 - 1807) - one of the few recognized women painters

In the mid-1760s Angelica Kaufman received full recognition as a woman painter. Her paintings belong to the era of classicism. This is a large number of portraits of contemporaries, biblical subjects, literary and antique illustrations. Almost the only female artist in the founding of the Royal Academy of Arts, she participated in the painting of St. Paul's Cathedral in Rome and became friends there with Goethe, painted his portrait.

Claude Lelouch (1937), French producer, film director, cameraman, actor, screenwriter

The famous talented Frenchman began his directorial career very early - at the age of 19, he shoots a film for the debut competition, for which he receives a prize in Cannes. He shot a film about the USSR with a hidden camera and called it "When the Curtain Rises." World fame came to him after the film "Man and Woman" - "Palme d'Or" at the Cannes Film Festival and two Oscars. He is the owner of his own film company.

Lyudmila Rogacheva (1966), athlete, athlete of the USSR

Lyudmila Rogacheva took part in several Olympic Games and became their prize-winner more than once. In 1994, she won the Dora Volya Games in Moscow, received the Grand Prize at the International Athletics Federation, and at the XXV Olympic Games she became a silver medalist, World and European Champion.

Name days on October 30:

Holders of the following names can celebrate name days on this day:

Joseph, Leonty, Alexander, Andrey, Hosea, Sergey, Julian.

On this page you will learn about the memorable dates of the autumn day of October 30, what famous people were born on this October day, events took place, we will also tell you about folk signs and Orthodox holidays of this day, public holidays of different countries from around the world.

Today, as on any day, as you will see, events have taken place over the centuries, each of them is remembered for something, no exception was the day of October 30, which was also remembered for its own dates and birthdays of famous people, as well as holidays and folk signs. We must always remember and know about those who have left their indelible mark on culture, science, sports, politics, medicine and all other areas of human and society development.

The day of October thirtieth, left its indelible mark on history, events and memorable dates, like who was born on this autumn day, once again confirm this. Find out what happened on the thirtieth day of October 30, October 30, what events and dates it was noted for, what was remembered, who was born, folk signs characterizing the day and much more, what you should know, it’s just interesting to know.

Who was born on October 30 (thirtieth)

Ivanka Marie Trump. Born October 30, 1981 in New York. American businesswoman, fashion model, writer. Daughter of the 45th President of the United States, Donald Trump.

Vladimir Leonidovich Gulyaev. Born on October 30, 1924 in Sverdlovsk - died on November 3, 1997 in Moscow. Soviet theater and film actor. Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1976).

Mishka Yaponchik. Real name - Moishe-Yakov Volfovich Vinnitsky. Born on October 30, 1891 in the village of Golta, Ananyevsky district, Kherson province (Ukraine) - shot on August 4, 1919 in Voznesensk, Kherson province. The famous Odessa raider.

Richard Brinsley Sheridan (October 30, 1751 - July 7, 1816) - British poet and public figure, ethnic Irish.

Diego Armando Maradona (Spanish Diego Armando Maradona; October 30, 1960, Lanus, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine football player who retired from his career, playing in the positions of an attacking midfielder and striker.

He played for Argentinos Juniors, Boca Juniors, Barcelona, \u200b\u200bNapoli, Sevilla and Newells Old Boys. He played 91 matches and scored 34 goals for the Argentine national team.

John Adams - 2nd President of the United States - was born on October 30, 1735 in Brentry (Massachusetts), died on July 4, 1826. President of the United States from 1797 to 1801.

David Hahn (10/30/1976) - American teenager who built a homemade nuclear reactor;

Alexander Lazutkin (10.30.1957 [Moscow]) - Russian cosmonaut;

Kevin Pollack (10/30/1957 [San Francisco]) - American comedian;

Claude Lelouch (10/30/1937 [Paris]) - French film director, screenwriter, cameraman, actor, producer;

Valentin Pechnikov (10/30/1924 [Moscow] - 11/08/1996 [Moscow]) - Soviet actor;

Maurice Trintignant (10/30/1917 [Saint-Cécile-le-Vigne] - 02/13/2005 [Nimes]) - French racing driver;

Nikolay Ogarkov (10/30/1917 - 11/23/1994) - Marshal Soviet Union (received the title in 1977);

Dmitry Ustinov (30.10.1908 [Samara] - 20.12.1984 [Moscow]) - Minister of Defense of the USSR, Marshal of the Soviet Union;

Olga Pyzhova (10/30/1894 [Moscow] - 11/08/1972) - Soviet actress;

Andrey Andreev (10/30/1895 - 12/05/1971) - Soviet party and statesman;

Nadezhda Mandelstam (10.30.1899 [Saratov] - 12.29.1980 [Moscow]) - wife of Osip Mandelstam;

Dickinson Richards (10/30/1895 [Orange] - 02/23/1973 [Lakeville]) - American cardiologist, honored in 1956 Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine;

Paul Valery (10/30/1871 [Set] - 07/20/1945 [Paris]) - French poet, essayist, critic;

Christopher Columbus (30.10.1451 [Republic of Genoa] - 20.05.1506 [Valladolid]) - Spanish traveler, navigator and colonizer;

Hans Kluge (10/30/1882 [Posen] - 08/18/1944) - German military leader, Field Marshal (1940).

Dates October 30

Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression

Celebrating in Ukraine - Day of Mechanical Engineer

In Slovakia, the anniversary of the adoption of the declaration of the Slovak people

According to the popular calendar, these are Hosea Kolesnik, Hosea the Autumn or Hosea the Gryaznik

On this day:

in 1888 a patent was issued for the invention of a ballpoint pen, in which ink from a special reservoir was distributed over the paper with special balls at the base of the reservoir

in 1907 the Russian inventor Rozin received a patent for television, a method of transmitting images over a distance using electrical oscillations

in 1937, the Earth was on the verge of collision with the large asteroid Hermes, it flew at a distance of only slightly more than two lunar orbits

in 1938, the great mystifier and genius director Orson Welles subjected the minds of ordinary Americans to an unprecedented psychological attack by broadcasting the novel of his namesake "War of the Worlds"

in 1953, the king of operetta Imre Kalman died, who wrote the famous "Mister X", "Silva" and "Princess of the circus"

in 1961, the USSR carried out the most powerful nuclear explosion in the history of mankind at the Novaya Zemlya test site - a 58 megaton charge was detonated

in 1967, for the first time in space, the docking of two automatic modules - spacecraft of the "Kosmos" series, whose docking apparatus was taken as the basis for the manufacture of spacecraft of the "Soyuz" series

in 1998, 63 people died at a disco in Stockholm after a sudden fire broke out.

October 30 events

Already at the end of the 19th century, John Loud officially patented his new invention - a mechanical pen. Then there were Van Vechten Reisberg and Joseph Laszlo Biro.

People who had to write a lot with a pen, using an inkwell, were very happy with the new devices. Pilots of the British Air Force were the first to use ballpoint pens. In mass production, the pens were first released by an Argentine company, journalist Biro sold his patent to her for $ 1 million.

The invention came to the United States through a practical traveling salesman who patented it in this country and sold the patent to US companies. Thus, an unknown traveling salesman, taking advantage of someone else's invention, became a millionaire simply thanks to his business acumen.

October 30, 1696 - adoption by the Boyar Duma under the leadership of Peter I of the first law on the fleet

A new milestone in overcoming the isolation of Russia in the world and European community was opened by the decree "Sea vessels will be ...". The isolation of the country from political and cultural life was a great obstacle in the development of society and the state. Peter 1 set a goal to find an outlet to the Black and Baltic Seas.

This required a fleet. In just a few months, two ships, four fire ships and 1300 small boats were built, which made up the Azov fleet and began a battle with the Turks for the Azov fortress.

In 1703, the construction of the Baltic Fleet began intensively, and a year later new warships entered the Neva. The first victory was won only in 1714, near the island of Gangut. Then the Caspian Flotilla and the Black Sea Fleet were built.

October 30, 1653 - Tsar's decree abolishing the death penalty for caught thieves and robbers in Russia

Criminals began to be punished with a whip, or the left finger was cut off and exiled to Siberia. The death penalty remained in effect only when the crime was repeated. All the criminals were released and ordered to settle in Siberia, the Lower Volga region and the Ukrainian lands.

However, only 6 years later, execution by hanging was again introduced, after 4 years it was replaced by another punishment. Robbers and thieves were punished by cutting off both legs and left hands, and the severed limbs were nailed to trees to intimidate other people.

There was practically no land defense in Sevastopol at the beginning of the war, therefore, in July 1941, the formation of defensive lines began. By the time the enemy appeared on the outskirts of the city, three lines of defense were completed. On October 30, the enemy tried to penetrate the city, but this failed due to a competent rebuff on the defensive lines.

The defense of the city continued for 250 days. Thus, the German troops were unable to launch an offensive towards the Caucasus. Sevastopol received the title of the Hero City, and 30 thousand people received awards in the form of a medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".

October 30, 1905 - Nicholas II signed the Manifesto "On the improvement of state order"

The 1905 revolution, which began with a peaceful demonstration of the people, was brutally suppressed by the metropolitan authorities with the use of buckshot weapons. The destroyer "Prince Potemkin Tavrichesky", part of the ships located in the Black Sea fleet (the cruiser "Ochakov" and "St. Panteleimon") went over to the side of the revolution.

The uprising was picked up by the workers of the country - an all-Russian political strike began. The fleet was headed by Peter Schmidt. On October 30, 1905, a Duma was convened and a Manifesto was issued proclaiming freedom of speech, assembly and association. It could not be regarded as a complete victory of the revolution.

The result of disagreements in his assessment was the formation of two political parties - the party of democrats (the liberal-monarchist bourgeoisie) and the Octobrists (the big bourgeoisie, (Union of October 17)).

In the church on October 30, the memory of the prophet Hosea is honored, who lived in the kingdom of Israel during the times that preceded the death of this state. Tradition says that Hosea fought against idolatry and tried to do everything to convert the Jews to God.

They said that Hosea's wife was a whore and cheated on him, and later completely left for another man. It was after this that Hosea began to call the Israelites to faith in Christ with even greater fervor.

It must be said that it was Hosea who is one of the 12 lesser prophets, who came from the Issachar tribe and spoke with his prophecies 8 centuries before the birth of Christ. Also, it was Hosea who first began to write down the prophecies, setting an example for the rest of the people.

Many of Hosea's predictions have come true. So, he spoke about the spread of true God-knowledge throughout the world, predicted the end of the sacrifices of the Old Testament, the return of the baby Jesus from Egypt and a number of other significant events.

Hosea in Russia was called the Kolesnik, because on this day it was supposed to pay the closest attention to the wheels. So, on October 30, it was supposed to put the carts in the sheds, having previously checked how good they are. In any case, the wheels were removed from the axles until spring. At the same time, on October 30, a sled was pulled out, expecting that a sled path would soon be established.

On October 30, it was forbidden to crumple, but the reasons for such a ban are not described in detail anywhere. It was also believed that there were no special signs for this day, and many peasants used signs from the previous and next days to observe the weather.

Folk omens on October 30

They judged the harvest by the creak of the cart wheels. For example, if the wheel does not creak, then the harvest, according to signs, will be good.

We hope you were interested in reading the material on this page and you were satisfied with what you read? Agree, it is useful to learn the history of events and dates, as well as those from famous people was born today, on the thirtieth October day of the autumn 30 October, what a trace this man left with his actions and deeds in the history of mankind, our world.

We are also sure that the folk signs of this day helped you to understand some of the subtleties and nuances. By the way, with the help of them, you can check in practice the reliability and veracity of folk signs.

Good luck to all of you in life, love and deeds, read more of the necessary, important, useful, interesting and informative - reading broadens your horizons and develops your imagination, learn about everything, develop versatile!

What is interesting and significant in world history on October 30, science, sports, culture, politics?

October 30, what events in world history, science and culture is this day famous and interesting?

What holidays can be celebrated and celebrated on October 30?

What national, international and professional holidays celebrated annually on October 30? What religious holidays are celebrated on October 30? What is celebrated on this day according to the Orthodox calendar?

What is the popular day of October 30 on the calendar?

What folk omens and beliefs are associated with the day of October 30? What is celebrated on this day according to the Orthodox calendar?

What significant events and memorable dates are celebrated on October 30?

What are the significant historical events October 30 and memorable dates of world history are celebrated on this summer day? Memorial Day of which famous and great people is October 30?

Who of the great, famous and famous died on October 30?

October 30, Memorial Day of which famous, great and famous people of the world, historical figures, actors, artists, musicians, politicians, artists, athletes is celebrated on this day?

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On this day in 1653, the Decree of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich decided to release from death penalty all robbers and thieves sentenced to it under the legalizations issued since the time of Tsar Ivan the Terrible (according to the Code of Laws of 1550 and additional decrees to it) and according to the Code of 1649. All criminals awaiting executions are ordered to "give a belly." The death penalty was replaced by punishment with a whip, cutting off a finger from the left hand, and exile to Siberia or to the lower (Middle and Lower Volga) and Ukrainian cities. The death penalty remained in this case only for repeat offenders. However, already in 1659, a decree was issued, which restored hanging for robbers captured in lower cities. And in 1663, a decree was issued, which stated that robbers and thieves, "who will be sentenced to death," should be cut off both legs and left hands - this is much more painful than hanging. To intimidate, severed limbs had to be nailed to roadside trees.

On October 30, 1696, at the suggestion of Peter I, the Boyar Duma sentenced: "There will be maritime courts." This date is celebrated as the birthday of the Russian fleet.

On this day in 1708, Peter I ordered the destruction of the hetman capital Baturin after hetman Ivan Mazepa, who had betrayed him, arrived in the Swedish camp. Already on October 31, Alexander Menshikov, sent to carry out this mission, laid siege to the city and took it two days later. By order of His Serene Highness, the garrison was not only destroyed, but all the inhabitants of the city burned to the ground were killed.

On October 30, 1803, Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin was appointed court historiographer of Alexander I with a salary of two thousand rubles a year. Once at a reception, he asked the servant to report: the historiographer Karamzin had come. The latter, confused in words, announced: "Karamzin, Count of History ..." But Nikolai Mikhailovich still had to become Count of History at that time. The new title involved writing "History of the Russian State". The first eight volumes were published 12 years later.

On this day in 1888, John Loud received a patent for a ballpoint pen.

On October 30 (October 17, O.S. style), 1905, Emperor Nicholas II introduced in Russia the "Manifesto of October 17" "On the improvement of state order", which proclaimed the inviolability of the person, freedom of speech, assembly, unions and associations and announced the convening of the State Duma with legislative rights.

On this day in 1907, the Russian physicist B. Rosing, in response to his July 25 application, received a patent No. 18076 for "A method of electrical transmission of images over a distance", that is, television.

On October 30, 1938, the Americans, tuned in to the CBS radio station, decided that war had begun. Panic swept the country: people rushed through the streets, looking for shelter. Still not to be scared if the radio reports on a terrible attack by the insidious and evil Martians. And it was unaware to the gullible Americans that CBS was broadcasting a play by the Mercury Theater based on the War of the Worlds novel by H.G. Wells. The next day, the director of the play, Orson Welles, asked his fellow countrymen for forgiveness on the radio and wondered at their gullibility. And I could thank for the compliment: a work of art, taken for a documentary - is there a higher praise for a director?

On this day in 1941 during the Great Patriotic War the heroic defense of Sevastopol began, already the second in its history of the city (the first was in the Crimean War). After the failure of the attempt to immediately capture Sevastopol, the German command undertook three more major attacks on the city - in November and December 1941, and also in May-June 1942. The third attack was especially powerful. The enemy had a twofold superiority in manpower, more than threefold in artillery, and tenfold in tanks and aircraft. Since May 27, Sevastopol has been continuously subjected to attacks by German aviation and artillery, and on June 7, the offensive began. Only on July 4, 1942, the Germans were able to occupy the city, which was liberated from them two years later - on May 9, 1944 during Crimean operation... The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days. It had the most important military-political and strategic importance, pinning down large enemy forces on the southern wing of the Soviet-German front and preventing him from launching an offensive into the Caucasus. In the struggle for the city, the enemy lost about 300 thousand people killed and wounded. The Sevastopol defense went down in history as an example of mass heroism and self-sacrifice of the city's defenders. More than 30 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. On December 22, 1942, the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was instituted, which was awarded to over 30 thousand people. In 1945, Sevastopol was named a hero city.

The largest thermonuclear charge for the entire time of testing was the Soviet Tsar Bomba (100 megatons), tested at half its power - about 57 megatons, detonated at the Sukhoi Nos site, at the Novaya Zemlya test site on October 30, 1961. In 1961, on the penultimate day of the 22nd Congress of the CPSU, the Soviet military carried out a record-breaking 50 megaton TNT equivalent explosion in the entire history of mankind at the polar range on Novaya Zemlya (this is about three thousand Hiroshima bombs!). The thermonuclear bomb, developed under the leadership of Andrei Sakharov and assembled at the top-secret nuclear center Arzamas-16, was dropped from the Tu-15 strategic bomber. A charge with a nominal capacity of 100 megatons was detonated in the atmosphere at an altitude of 400 meters at half power, so that, as Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev joked amiably, "you can't knock out your glasses (in Moscow)"

On this day in 1967, for the first time in space, Soviet satellites performed docking and undocking.

On October 30, 1973, negotiations began in Vienna on the mutual reduction of armed forces and armaments in Central Europe with the participation of representatives of 19 states.

October 30 in Russia, the Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repression, first announced on October 30, 1974 - by Kronid Lyubarsky in the Perm camp and Sergei Kovalev at a Moscow press conference. And the boulder brought from Solovki was installed on Lubyanskaya Square 20 years ago, on October 30, 1990.

On October 30, 1974, at dawn in Kinshasa, the capital of Zaire (until 1971 and again since 1997 - the Democratic Republic of the Congo), the duel of two American black heavyweight boxers: 25-year-old George Foreman and 32-year-old Mohammed Ali (before the adoption Islam - Cassius Clay). The first became the professional world champion in January 1973, and the second won the champion title in 1964, but was stripped of it 3 years later for refusing to fight in Vietnam. At the end of the 8th round, to the growing roar of the stadium: "Hit him!" Ali knocked out his opponent and thus won. According to the preliminary agreement, the athletes equally divided the large prize money among themselves.

On October 30, 1979, filming of the first Soviet disaster film "The Crew" ended.
The idea for this picture came to director Alexander Mitte in 1976, inspired by the Hollywood productions of The Adventures of Poseidon, Hell in the Sky and Jaws. Nothing of the kind was filmed in the Soviet Union at that time. As screenwriters, Mitta invited two bison of Russian film drama, Yuli Dunsky and Valery Frid, with whom he had previously collaborated on the films "Burn, burn, my star" and "The Tale of How Tsar Peter Got Married" On June 15, 1976, the co-authors filed an application for a scenario called "Safety Factor". But when, after a year and a half, Mitta came with a ready-made script to the Minister of Civil Aviation Boris Bugaev, he said almost from the doorway: “There will be no disaster film! Don't you know that our civil aviation works without incidents ?! " But as soon as Mitta said that the film would not be about a catastrophe “with us”, but about an earthquake “with them,” the minister's heart thawed: “Then go ahead, take off!” The main roles were played by Georgy Zhzhenov, Leonid Filatov, Alexandra Yakovleva, Anatoly Vasiliev ... The Crew was released in July 1980. Despite the fact that there was no widespread advertising, already on the second day tickets were not available, and queues lined up at the box office of cinemas. The success was overwhelming: the film became the leader of the box office in 1980, it was watched by 71 million 100 thousand viewers. Even now, after two and a half decades, it looks no worse than then. And it is almost not outdated: neither in drama, nor even in stunt shooting, which is unlikely to be "pulled" even by today's Russian cinema.

On this day in 1985, the largest ever space crew of eight astronauts took off aboard the American shuttle Challenger.

On October 30, 1990, the VID television company was formed. The VID TV company owns such popular programs as Field of Miracles, Muzoboz, Irregular Notes, Theme, Look, Guess the melody, I am looking for you and many others. One of the first programs of the TV company was “Vzglyad”.

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Day of Remembrance for Victims of Political Repression.

Established by the decree of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated October 18, 1991. The date was chosen in memory of the hunger strike that the prisoners of the Mordovian and Perm camps began on October 30, 1974 in protest against political repression in the country.

From the late 1920s to the early 1950s, millions of people were subjected to repressions in the USSR for political reasons. The exact number of victims has not yet been established. According to some reports, in the period from 1921 to 1953, over 4 million people were repressed, of which about 800 thousand were shot.

The process of rehabilitation of victims of political repression began in 1956 after the report of the First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee Nikita Khrushchev "On the personality cult and its consequences" at the XX Congress of the CPSU. After the end of Khrushchev's "thaw" and Leonid Brezhnev's coming to power, the rehabilitation process practically stopped. It was renewed only after the entry into force of the decree of the President of the USSR "On the restoration of the rights of all victims of political repression of the 20-50s" in 1990.

51 years ago (1967), the first ever automatic docking of spacecraft took place.

The Soviet satellites Kosmos-186 and Kosmos-188 for the first time carried out automatic mutual search, rendezvous, docking and docking in space. The devices made about two orbits around the Earth, then they successfully separated and returned to Earth.

57 years ago (1961), the USSR detonated the most powerful bomb in world history.

The 58-megaton Tsar Bomba was detonated at a test site on Novaya Zemlya Island. Work on this most powerful bomb in the history of mankind was carried out for more than seven years by a group of nuclear physicists led by Academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences Igor Kurchatov.

The heroic defense of Sevastopol (1941-1942) began 77 years ago (1941).

The defense of Sevastopol, which lasted 250 days, pinned down large enemy forces on the southern wing of the front, which contributed to the disruption of the plan of the German command to seize the Caucasus in the fall of 1941. In the battle for Sevastopol, the Nazi troops lost about 300 thousand people, the irrecoverable losses of the Soviet troops amounted to about 157 thousand people.

The defenders of the city showed massive heroism and resilience. 37 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, more than 30 thousand people were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol". In 1965, Sevastopol was awarded the title of "Hero City".

96 years ago (1922) the first Land Code of the RSFSR was adopted.

It was developed by the People's Commissariat of Agriculture with the participation of V.I. Lenin. The Code consisted of Basic Provisions and three parts: on labor land use, on urban land and state land properties, on land management and resettlement.

The document, in particular, fixed the abolition of private ownership of land, mineral resources, water and forests within the RSFSR. The right to direct land use was granted to labor farmers and their associations, urban settlements, government agencies and enterprises.

The Land Code of the RSFSR of 1922, with amendments and additions, was in effect until 1970.

100 years ago (1918), the State Museum of the East was established in Moscow.

On October 30, 1918, a resolution of the Presidium of the Department for Museums Affairs and the Protection of Monuments of Art and Antiquity at the People's Commissariat of Education "Regulations on the Ars Asiatica Museum of Oriental Art in Moscow" was adopted. Its collection includes exhibits from the eastern collection of the National Museum Fund, the museum of the former Stroganov School, antique shops and warehouses of the Northern Company. Later, the museum received the oriental collections of the State Historical Museum, the State Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin, the Polytechnic Museum and others.

For his century history the museum has changed several names: "Ars Asiatica" (1918-1925), the State Museum of Oriental Cultures (1925-1962), the State Museum of Oriental Art (1962-1992), the State Museum of the Orient (since 1992).

Today the museum is one of the largest cultural and educational centers, in which the art of the Far and Near East, as well as Central Asia, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Kazakhstan, Buryatia, Chukotka, etc. is most fully represented. The museum funds contain about 150 thousand objects of art and culture more than 100 countries and peoples of Asia and Africa.

322 years ago (1696), the Boyar Duma, on the proposal of Peter I, adopted a resolution "Sea vessels should be ..."

This became the first law on the fleet and the official date of its foundation. The very next year, the first Russian battleship Goto Predestinatsia was launched in Voronezh.

The modern Russian Navy consists of five operational and strategic divisions: the Baltic, Northern, Pacific, Black Sea fleets and the Caspian flotilla. The Navy has more than 200 surface ships and boats (including the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser Admiral of the Soviet Union Fleet Kuznetsov and the heavy nuclear-powered missile cruiser Peter the Great), over 70 submarines, as well as several hundred auxiliary vessels.

365 years ago (1653) a decree was issued in Russia abolishing the death penalty for thieves and robbers.

Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich abolished the death penalty for thieves and robbers. The capital punishment was replaced by a whip punishment, cutting off the left finger and exile to the Volga region or Siberia. Only repeat offenders were executed. The decree did not last long. Six years later, the robbers detained in the cities of the Middle and Lower Volga regions were again executed.

80 years ago (1938) a radio show of HG Wells' novel War of the Worlds was broadcast in the USA.

The novel, written by the writer in 1897, tells of the invasion of the Earth by the Martians.

The radio play, directed by Orson Welles, was shaped like a live broadcast. It was so realistic that many Americans took everything at face value. Frightened people began to call the police, prepare for the evacuation, looking for family and friends. Panic subsided only by the next morning.