Years of stay on the throne of Kiev Izyaslav. Izyaslav the first Yaroslavich. Board of Izyaslav Yaroslavovich

Izyaslav was the eldest son of Yaroslav I Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Kiev, and the Swedish princess Ingigerda, after baptism named Irina. Izyaslav was born in 1024. After the death of his father in 1054, he became the heir to the principality of Kiev and at the same time divided the land between his brothers Svyatoslav II, Vsevolod I and Igor, according to the will of his father. The first years of Izyaslav's reign were not particularly tense, although he nevertheless undertook several campaigns against external enemies. And inside Russia for ten whole years there were no internecine wars.

Izyaslav's struggle for power

Starting in 1067, the idyll ended. The Troubles were initiated by Prince Vseslav of Polotsk, who believed that, by law and by kinship, he had the right to reign in Kyiv, since he was the great-grandson of the Grand Duke of Kiev Vladimir. Vseslav provocatively attacked Novgorod, took it and plundered it, although Novgorod was in the legal possession of Izyaslav.

Izyaslav called the brothers for help, and together they went to war against Vseslav. In the battle with him on the Neman, the brothers won, but Vseslav managed to escape. Izyaslav offered to negotiate with him, inviting him to his tent. But as soon as the delegation (Vseslav and his two sons) appeared in the tent, they were immediately arrested and sent to prison.

Izyaslav's conflict with the squad. Escape to Poland

In the next raid of the Polovtsians (1068), Izyaslav and his brothers were defeated on the river. Alte. Izyaslav brought the remnants of the army back to Kyiv. But his warriors, grieving the defeat, in a very rude form began to demand horses and weapons from the prince in order to go to war again. Outraged by the impudent tone of the ultimatum, Izyaslav refused to comply with the demand of his squad. This provoked a rebellion in its ranks, as a result of which the rebels rescued Vseslav from prison and even declared him their sovereign. Izyaslav had to quickly leave Kyiv. In Poland, where he went, he was received well, because the king there was Boleslav II, a relative of Izyaslav.

The return of Izyaslav to Russia

Izyaslav, in alliance with Boleslav and his army, returned to his homeland (1069). Vseslav allowed them to freely reach Belgorod, and then with his army went to meet them. But he did not start a fight, either fearing the superior forces of the Polish army, or doubting the loyalty of the people of Kiev. He simply abandoned his squad and returned to his Polotsk, and the people of Kiev, abandoned by the "sovereign", were forced to return to their place in Kyiv. Through the mediation of the brothers Izyaslav - Svyatoslav and Vsevolod - they pleaded guilty and asked the Grand Duke to return to reign in Kyiv. So Izyaslav returned his power in the capital.

Revenge of Izyaslav. new escape

Wanting to take revenge on Vseslav, Izyaslav captured Polotsk (1071). Vseslav in response made an attempt to take Novgorod, but to no avail. As a result of several clashes, Vseslav still managed to regain Polotsk. While the Russian princes sorted out their relationship, the Polovtsy ravaged the villages along the banks of the Desna. Chernigov Prince Svyatoslav convinced Vsevolod that their brother Izyaslav had gone over to the side of Vseslav of Polotsk and was plotting against the brothers. Vsevolod and Svyatoslav eventually united against Izyaslav.

Izyaslav again fled to Poland (1073). But this time Boleslav was in no hurry to help. Then Izyaslav turned to Emperor Henry IV (Germany). He made an attempt to help. He sent his messenger to Kyiv with an ultimatum: if you don't return power to the rightful prince, we will start a war with you. Svyatoslav, who was sitting in Kyiv, went to bribe the ambassador and emperor Henry. Having received generous gifts, Henry did not send his troops to Russia. Izyaslav then turned to the Pope for intercession. But the petition of Pope Gregory the Seventh was not needed.

Again in Kyiv

In 1076, Izyaslav's brother Svyatoslav, who once overthrew him from the throne of Kiev, died. Izyaslav returned to Kyiv, and in 1077 he reconciled with his brother Vsevolod, making peace with him. But peace in the country did not last long. Izyaslav's nephews, who also sought power, joined the internecine wars. 1078 brought the following events: Prince. Oleg Svyatoslavovich and Boris Vyacheslavovich hired the Polovtsy, came to Chernigov and defeated the troops of Vsevolod. Vsevolod fled to Izyaslav in Kyiv. He immediately went to Chernigov. The battle was at the walls of the city. In this battle, Prince Izyaslav died.

Izyaslav's trace in history

As statesman Izyaslav supplemented Russkaya Pravda, a collection of civil laws introduced by his father Yaroslav. These additions are called “The Truth of Izyaslav”, according to which the death penalty was banned in Russia. The foundation of the famous and still famous Kiev-Pechersky Monastery is also the merit of Izyaslav.

IZYASLAVIYAROSLAVICH
1054-1068, 1069-1073

Izyaslav Yaroslavovich

Izyaslav's reign

Predecessor - Yaroslav the Wise

Heir - Svyatoslav II

Religion - Orthodoxy

Birth - 1025

Death - 1078 Kievan Rus

Genus - Rurikovichi

It is known that Izyaslav was married to Gertrude, daughter of the Polish king Mieszko II Lambert

sons

• Yaropolk - prince of Volyn and Turov, it is also known that Gertrude calls Yaropolk in her prayer book (the so-called Gertrude's code) by his "only son". According to A. V. Nazarenko, Vsevolodkovichi, the rulers of the Gorodensky principality, descend from him.

Perhaps another unknown woman, perhaps Izyaslav's wife was the mother of his two more famous sons:

• Svyatopolk (Svyatopolk II) Izyaslavich (-) - Prince of Polotsk (-), Novgorod (-), Turov (1088-), Grand Duke of Kyiv (1093-1113), and his descendants in the XII-XIII centuries continued to reign in the ancestral Turov.
• Mstislav - Prince of Novgorod (-).

Daughter

• Evpraksia Izyaslavna, wife of Meshko Boleslavich, Polish prince (married -)

Izyaslav I Yaroslavich (1054-1068,1069-1073,1077-1078)

Father - Grand Duke of Kyiv Yaroslav I Vladimirovich (Izyaslav - his eldest son).

Mother - Yaroslav's wife, Swedish Princess Ingigerda (baptized Irina).

Izyaslav I Yaroslavich was born in 1024. He received the Great Kievan reign according to the will of his father immediately after his death in 1054. Then, in accordance with the will of his father, he divided the lands with his brothers: Svyatoslav II Yaroslavich, Prince of Chernigov, who received Tmutarakan, Ryazan, Mur and the lands of the Vyatichi; Vsevolod I Yaroslavich Prince Pereyaslavsky, who received Rostov, Suzdal, Beloozero and the Volga region, and Igor Yaroslavich, who received Vladimir.

The first ten years of Izyaslav's reign can be called relatively calm, at least they were not overshadowed by any internal strife.

Relations with external neighbors were somewhat worse. Izyaslav went on a campaign against the Latvians and the Golds; both trips were successful.

In 1061 the Cumans, steppe nomads, who appeared on the southeastern borders of Russia and ousted the Pechenegs from these places back in 1055, for the first time attacked the territories belonging to Kievan Rus, and defeated the army of Vsevolod I Yaroslavich, Prince of Pereyaslavsky, brother of Izyaslav. Since that time, raids have been repeated constantly, bringing devastation to Russia.

Izyaslav entered into negotiations with the rebellious Prince Vseslav: vowing that he would not cause him any harm, he invited him to his tent. And as has already happened in Russian history, as soon as Vseslav entered Izyaslav's tent, he and his two sons were immediately seized and sent to a Kiev prison.

In 1068, during the next raid of the Polovtsians, the army of Izyaslav and his brothers was defeated on the banks of the Alta River. Grand Duke Izyaslav with the remnants of the army returned to Kyiv. His soldiers took their defeat hard: they wanted to fight and demanded that the prince supply them with weapons and horses. Izyaslav was outraged and offended. As a result, he refused to give anything away. The refusal sparked a riot. First of all, the rebels released Prince Vseslav of Polotsk from prison and proclaimed him "their sovereign." Izyaslav was forced to flee from Kyiv.

Prince Izyaslav went to Poland, where he was well received, since at that time King Boleslav II of Poland, the son of Princess Mary, daughter of Grand Duke Vladimir and, consequently, a close relative of Iziaslav, ruled in Poland.

In 1069, Izyaslav, together with Boleslav II and the Polish army, returned to Russia. They reached Belgorod without hindrance, and only then Vseslav set out with troops from Kyiv to meet them. But he did not want to fight, perhaps fearing the superior forces of the enemy or not relying on the loyalty of the people of Kiev.

Therefore, one fine night, he took off and went to his place in Polotsk, leaving his army to the mercy of fate. The people of Kiev also had no choice but to return back to Kyiv.

Naturally, they (the people of Kiev) were afraid of the wrath of the legitimate prince, whom they had expelled from the city in the most irreverent way, and even more they were afraid of the Poles, who already had the opportunity to manage Kyiv in the time of Yaroslav; Father Izyaslav. Therefore, the people of Kiev asked the brothers of Izyaslav Svyatoslav and Vsevolod for intercession, saying that they would admit their guilt before the Grand Duke, they would be glad to see him again in Kyiv, but only if he came with a "small squad". Svyatoslav and Vsevolod acted as intermediaries, and as a result, Izyaslav again reigned in Kyiv.

First of all, Izyaslav hurried to take revenge on Vseslav and took Polotsk by storm. Vseslav, in turn, tried to capture Novgorod, but failed. This senseless war continued for some time with varying success, and the sons of Izyaslav took an active part in it. As a result, Vseslav managed to regain Polotsk.

At this very time (1071), when the Grand Duke of Kyiv was busy with revenge, the Polovtsy robbed the villages located along the banks of the Desna without any obstacle.

N. M. Karamzin wrote that "the union of the Yaroslavichs seemed inseparable." (Karamzin N. M. Decree. Op. Vol. 2 S. 46.) But this friendship did not last long. Svyatoslav, Prince of Chernigov, apparently tired of being content with little. In any case, he proved to Vsevolod that their elder brother Izyaslav conspired behind their backs against them with Vseslav of Polotsk. Vsevolod these explanations seemed enough, and he teamed up with Svyatoslav against Izyaslav.

In 1073, Izyaslav, frightened by this, again fled to Poland.

This time Bolesław II was in no hurry to help him. Izyaslav went further, to the German emperor Henry IV in Mainz. Heinrich, it seems, was glad to help and even sent an ambassador to Kyiv demanding that the throne be returned to the rightful prince and threatening to start a war otherwise. But, on the one hand, Svyatoslav, who seized power in Kyiv, gave the ambassador and the emperor himself such a beating that both were completely delighted, and on the other hand, Henry simply did not have a real opportunity to send an army to Russia: it was too far, and even his own the German sovereign had enough of his own problems. Izyaslav, however, did not stop there and asked for intercession from the Pope himself, and in return was ready to accept the Latin faith and even the secular power of the pope. Pope Gregory VII, famous for his power-hungry ambitions, was very interested and wrote a formal letter to King Bolesław II of Poland with a request, or rather an order, to support Iziasław.

But Izyaslav did not need the patronage of the Pope: in 1076 his brother Svyatoslav died, who actually drove him out of Kyiv. Izyaslav with a small number of Poles (according to the chronicler, there were several thousand) returned to Russia. He met with the surviving brother Vsevolod in Volyn in 1077. Vsevolod offered to make peace, which was done.

So Izyaslav returned to Kyiv, and his brother Vsevolod became the prince of Chernigov. But the reign of Izyaslav and this time was short-lived.

The internecine turmoil continued: the next generation of princes, Izyaslav's nephews, did not want to wait until the older generation just grow old and die, and also sought power.

In 1078, Prince Oleg Svyatoslavich, the son of Svyatoslav P Yaroslavich, together with Boris Vyacheslavich, hired the Polovtsy, crossed the borders of the Chernigov principality and defeated the troops of Vsevolod. Vsevolod fled to Kyiv to Izyaslav. Izyaslav hurried to help his brother, equipped the troops and went to Chernigov. The battle took place under the walls of Chernigov. In it, the Grand Duke Izyaslav died.

Izyaslav made an addition to Russkaya Pravda, a collection of civil laws put into use by his father Yaroslav. This supplement is called "Izyaslav's Truth". In accordance with it, the death penalty was abolished in Russia.

During the reign of Izyaslav, the famous Kiev-Pechersk Monastery was founded, which is still operating today.

The chronicler Nestor wrote that Izyaslav was "a pleasant face and majestic figure, no less adorned with a quiet disposition, he loved the truth, hated dishonesty."

To this, N. M. Karamzin remarked that "Izyaslav was as cowardly as he was soft-hearted: he wanted the throne and did not know how to sit firmly on it."

Izyaslav I Yaroslavovich
Grand Duke of Kyiv.
Years of life: 1024-1078
Reign: 1054-1078

Father - Grand Duke. Mother - Swedish Princess Ingigerda (baptized Irina).

Izyaslav(in baptism Demetrius) was born in 1024. During the life of his father, he owned the Turov land. After his death in 1054, according to his will, he received the Great Kievan reign. By the will of his father, he divided the lands between the brothers: Prince of Chernigov Svyatoslav II Yaroslavovich Tmutarakan, Ryazan, Mur, the lands of the Vyatichi; Prince Pereyaslavsky Vsevolod I Yaroslavovich Rostov, Suzdal, Beloozero, the Volga region; Igor Yaroslavovich Vladimir.

Board of Izyaslav Yaroslavovich

The people of Kiev did not like Izyaslav. In 1068, when the Polovtsy began to rob South Russia, they turned to him with a request to give them weapons. Izyaslav refused. Outraged, the people of Kiev released Prince Vseslav from prison and proclaimed him their prince. Izyaslav was forced to flee to Poland. In 1069 he regained the throne of the grand duke.


In 1073, the younger brothers Svyatoslav and Vsevolod entered into a conspiracy against Izyaslav. Svyatoslav captured Kyiv, and Izyaslav again fled to Poland, from where he was expelled by the Polish authorities, who entered into an alliance with Svyatoslav and Vsevolod. Izyaslav went to Germany to Emperor Henry IV for help, but was refused.

Prince Izyaslav Yaroslavovich

In December 1076, the sudden death of Svyatoslav Yaroslavovich put an end to Izyaslav's wanderings and he regained the reign of Kiev. Having reconciled with his brother, Vsevolod retired to Chernigov (1077).

In 1078, their nephews rebelled against their uncles: Oleg Svyatoslavovich, who claimed the throne of Chernigov, and Boris Vyacheslavovich, the outcast prince. A new internecine war has begun. The Yaroslavovich coalition won, but by the end of the battle, Izyaslav was wounded by a spear in the shoulder and died (October 3, 1078). Oleg fled, Boris was killed. This battle on Nezhatina Niva and the death of Izyaslav are mentioned in the Tale of Igor's Campaign.

Izyaslav founded the Dimitrovsky Monastery in Kyiv, allocated land for the Kiev-Pechersky Monastery.
According to the descriptions of the chronicler Nestor, Izyaslav looked like: “But Izyaslav’s husband was handsome in face and great in stature, gentle in disposition, hated liars, loved the truth. There was no cunning in him, but he was straightforward, did not repay evil for evil.
It is also known that he was married to Gertrude, daughter of the Polish king Mieszko II.

buried Izyaslav Yaroslavovich in the Hagia Sophia in Kyiv.

- (1024 78) Grand Duke Kyiv (1054 68, 1069 73, 1077 78). He was expelled from Kyiv (uprising in 1068 and brothers in 1073); regained power with the help of foreign troops. Participated in the compilation of Russian Pravda (Pravda Yaroslavichi) ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (in baptism Demetrius) led. book. Kyiv, son of Yaroslav Vladimirovich, b. in 1024, he was killed on October 3, 1079. According to the will of his father, Izyaslav, as the eldest, was to be for the younger brothers instead of his father; he received the Kyiv table and Novgorod, in which ... ... Big biographical encyclopedia

- (1024 1078), Grand Duke of Kyiv (1054 68, 1069 73, 1077 78). Son of Yaroslav the Wise. He was expelled from Kyiv by the rebellious citizens (1068) and brothers (1073); regained power with the help of foreign troops. Participated in the compilation of Russian Truth ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (1024 10/3/1078) Prince of Turov, from 1054 Grand Duke of Kyiv, eldest son of Yaroslav the Wise. I. Ya. one of the three compilers of Pravda Yaroslavichi. As a result of a popular uprising in Kyiv, he was overthrown (1068) and fled to Poland. In 1069 with ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (1024 1078) Prince of Turov, from 1054 led. book. Kyiv, the eldest son of Yaroslav the Wise. As a result, Nar. the uprising was overthrown (1068); repeatedly turned to the Germans for help. emperor, Polish king and to the pope, in 1077 he again captured Kyiv ... Soviet historical encyclopedia

Izyaslav Yaroslavich- (1024 78) led. prince of Kyiv, st. son of Yaroslav the Wise. One of the three compilers of Pravda Yaroslavichi. Until 1054 he reigned in Turov. According to the series of his father, he received Kyiv and seniority over his brothers (1054). In the first years of the reign of I., the alliance with the brothers was preserved. But … Russian humanitarian encyclopedic dictionary

Izyaslav Yaroslavich- IZYASLAV YAROSLAVICH (1024–78), Grand Duke of Kyiv in 1054–68, 1069–73, 1077–78. Son of Yaroslav the Wise. He was expelled from Kyiv by the rebellious citizens (1068) and br. Svyatoslav and Vsevolod (1073). Participated in the compilation of the Russian ... ... Biographical Dictionary

"Izyaslav Yaroslavich" redirects here; see also other meanings. Izyaslav Yaroslavich (baptized Demetrius, born: 1024, Novgorod † October 3, 1078, Nezhatina Niva, near Chernigov) Grand Duke of Kyiv in 1054 1068, 1069 1073 and from 1077 ... Wikipedia

Izyaslav Yaroslavich (died February 1196) son of Yaroslav Izyaslavich, great-grandson of Mstislav the Great. He died in February 1196 and was buried in the Kiev church of St. Theodore. When writing this article, material from the Encyclopedic Dictionary was used ... ... Wikipedia

Izyaslav Yaroslavich son of Yaroslav Vladimirovich, Prince of Novgorod. Sent by his father in 1197 to reign in Velikiye Luki, he died the following year ... Biographical Dictionary

Books

• History of the Russian state in 12 volumes (DVDmp3), Karamzin Nikolai Mikhailovich. The publication contains the famous "History of the Russian State", written by an outstanding Russian poet, prose writer and historian, a member of the Russian Academy (1818), an honorary member of the St. Petersburg ...

  IZYASLAV YAROSLAVICH(in baptism - Dmitry) (1024-03.10.1078) - Prince of Kyiv from 1054

The second son of the Kiev prince Yaroslav the Wise and Irina (Ingigerd) - the daughter of the Swedish king Olaf. Ruled in Turov. In 1039 he married the sister of the Polish king Casimir I - Gertrude, who adopted the name Elena in Orthodoxy. After the death of his father in 1054, he became a prince of Kiev. In the first years of his reign, he acted in close alliance with his younger brothers - Prince Svyatoslav of Chernigov and Prince Vsevolod of Pereyaslavl. In 1058 he made a campaign against the golyad tribe. In 1060, together with his brothers and Prince of Polotsk Vseslav Bryachislavich, he defeated the Torks. In 1064, he repulsed the invasion of the Polovtsians near the town of Snovsk. In the winter of 1067, taking revenge on Vseslav Bryachislavich for the robbery of Novgorod, he ravaged the city of Minsk in alliance with his brothers. March 3, 1067 in the battle on the river. The Nemiga Yaroslavichi defeated Vseslav himself, and in July of the same year, during peace negotiations near Smolensk, violating the oath given to the Polotsk prince, they captured him and imprisoned him in Kyiv. In September 1068, the Yaroslavichi were defeated by the Polovtsy on the river. Alta. Izyaslav Yaroslavich fled to Kyiv, where he refused the demand of the townspeople to distribute weapons to them and lead a new militia to fight the Polovtsy. On September 15, an uprising began in Kyiv, Izyaslav was expelled from Kyiv and fled to Poland. Prince Vseslav Bryachislavich of Polotsk, released from prison, was placed in his place. In May 1069, with the support of his relative, the Polish king Boleslav II, Izyaslav Yaroslavich returned to Kyiv. Before entering the city, he promised the brothers and the people of Kiev not to take revenge on the inhabitants Kiev land for his exile, he sent his son Mstislav ahead of him, who executed 70 people and blinded many. Harassment by Izyaslav Yaroslavich continued after his return to the throne of Kyiv. Dissatisfied people of Kiev began to beat the Poles, who came with Izyaslav.

In the same year, Izyaslav expelled Vseslav from Polotsk and installed Mstislav's son as prince there. In 1072, together with the brothers Svyatoslav and Vsevolod, he participated in the solemn transfer of the relics of Sts. Boris and Gleb to a new church in Vyshgorod. In the reign of Izyaslav, "The Truth of the Yaroslavichs" was also compiled.

In March 1073, Izyaslav Yaroslavich was again expelled from Kyiv, this time by the brothers Svyatoslav and Vsevolod, who accused him of conspiring with Vseslav of Polotsk, and again fled to Poland, where he unsuccessfully sought support from King Boleslav II, who preferred an alliance with the new Kievan Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavich. In the beginning. In 1075, Izyaslav Yaroslavich, expelled from Poland, turned to the German king Henry IV for help. The king limited himself to sending an embassy to Russia to Svyatoslav Yaroslavich with a demand to return the Kyiv table to Izyaslav. Having received expensive gifts from Svyatoslav, Henry IV refused to interfere further in Kiev affairs. Without waiting for the return of the German embassy from Kyiv, Izyaslav Yaroslavich in the spring of 1075 sent his son Yarogyulk Izyaslavich to Rome to Pope Gregory VII, offering him to accept Russia under the protection of the papal throne, i.e. convert her to Catholicism. The pope appealed to the Polish king Boleslav II with an urgent request to help Izyaslav. Boleslav hesitated, and only in July 1077 after the death of Svyatoslav Yaroslavich, with the support Polish forces Izyaslav Yaroslavich returned to the Kyiv table. A year later, he died in battle on Nezhatina Niva, fighting on the side of his brother Vsevolod Yaroslavich against his nephews, princes Oleg Svyatoslavich and Boris Vyacheslavich, who captured Chernigov.