Topic: "KUBAN IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR".
Tasks:
1. Determine the course of mobilization in the first months of the war.
2. To give an idea of ​​the regime of fascist occupation.
3. Show the heroism of the soldiers of the Red Army and home front workers.
4. To cultivate patriotism, pride in the feat of their fellow countrymen during the Great Patriotic War, readiness to defend the Fatherland, respect for war and labor veterans.
Educational equipment: atlas of the history of the Kuban, map “The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
Lesson type: learning new material and primary reinforcement.
Epigraphs:
“Remember! Through the centuries, through the years. Remember! "
"Everything for the front, everything for Victory!"
"The Soviet Kuban gave many hot baths to the Nazis."
During the classes:
Organizing time.
Learning new material.
Plan:
1. The beginning of the war. Mobilization.
2. The plans of the Nazis
3. The occupation regime. Executions, hijacking into slavery.
4. Fight against the occupiers.
(Material is distributed to students in advance)
1st student: on June 22, 1941, at 4 o'clock in the morning, without declaring war, fascist Germany attacked the Soviet Union.
The news of the beginning of the war stirred up the Kuban people. On June 23, martial law was introduced in the region. The inhabitants of the Kuban rushed to the front with only one goal - to ruthlessly smash the enemy. None of them could have imagined that the Germans would end up on the territory of the region. By January 1942, more than 370 thousand Kuban were drafted into the army, and by August 1942 - 600 thousand. Industry and agriculture of the Kuban was hastily rebuilt for defense needs.
Many sons of the Kuban faced the enemy already in the first border battles. The Kubans who participated in the defense of the Brest Fortress showed themselves heroically.
2nd student: In terms of Hitler's strategists, particular importance was attached to the seizure of large fuel, energy and food resources of the North Caucasus with the rich and fertile lands of the Don, Kuban, Stavropol Territory, Grozny and Maikop oil. Victory in the battle for the Caucasus became one of the important components of a radical change in the course of the Great Patriotic War.
3rd student: July 24, 1942 fascist troops rushed to the Kuban. In this direction, the German command concentrated significant forces that were superior to parts of the North Caucasian Front.
Installing your own " new order”, The fascist authorities hoped to find support among the Cossacks, many of whom were dissatisfied with the Soviet regime.
Former White Guard General A.G. Shkuro, Cossack Art. Pashkovskaya, who had lived in exile for a long time, came to his native land with the invaders. Shkuro rode around the villages under a black banner with the image of a wolf's head and in every possible way extolled his "exploits" in the fight against the Bolsheviks.
4th student: The agrarian policy of the occupation authorities was extremely inconsistent. The statements about the dissolution of collective farms have not been confirmed by practice. In most of the Cossack territories, the collective farm system was preserved, and in some places (including the Kuban) it was even toughened.
The Nazis drove Soviet people to slave labor in Germany. 130,581 Kuban people were sent to the "Third Reich", of which 81,089 were women and 38,022 were children. Not many managed to return home after the war.
The German authorities imposed severe punishments for any offense, most often - execution. If a German soldier became a victim of the partisans, then the Nazis executed dozens of hostages (up to forty people).
5th student: In Krasnodar, the Germans used "gas chambers" - special machines to kill people. Up to eighty people were herded into the van, after which the exhaust gases were released there. People died in terrible agony, the executioners buried the corpses in a ditch near the Pervomaiskaya grove. The truth about this "invention" of the technical thought of the fascists, who were able to use even exhaust gases with cynical economy, shocked the whole world.
6th student: On November 13, all residents of the village of Mikhizeeva Polyana, Mostovsky District, were shot - 207 people, most of them children. The horrors of the occupation were experienced by the inhabitants of Kropotkin, Armavir, Yeisk, Maikop, and other cities and villages of the region. In the Koshekhabl region of Adygea, about four hundred people were executed. In the capital of the Kuban alone, the fascists killed over 13 thousand people. The invaders destroyed houses, buildings of cinemas, kindergartens and schools, museums and libraries. All the most valuable items were sent to Germany. Even the famous Kuban black soil was exported.
7th student: At the same time, the struggle with the enemy expanded every day. 86 partisan detachments attacked the commandant's offices and police stations, and sometimes the enemy garrisons, blew up bridges, disrupted German communications. In the Kuban was deployed guerrilla war... The partisan raids were swift and unexpected for the Germans. All sorts of Nazi accomplices from among the local residents were terrified of the people's avengers: they could not count on mercy on the part of the partisans. It is the traitors for the most part contributed to the fact that the Germans were able to get on the trail of the underground and partisans. So, the former watchman of the city executive committee of Yeisk handed over to the fascists about a hundred people.
The underground members were also active. They were also helped by many Cossacks who had previously served with the whites. They did not want to settle scores with the Soviet regime and fought against the invaders. The ataman of the village of Pashkovskaya K.N. Chuprina performed various tasks of the local partisan detachment. The Kuban did not accept the "new order" imposed by the Nazis, and resistance to the invaders grew every day.
TEACHER: The inhabitants of the Krasnodar Territory fought heroically on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War. During the occupation, the Germans established a "new" order in the region - violence, robbery, murder and theft to Germany. But our people steadfastly endured all the hardships of the war. As a result of stubborn bloody battles, the enemy failed to capture the Kuban.
I wish you, dear, dear
Not to see a destructive war.
But suddenly it happens, they will have their say
And the army will rise again
Glorious sons of our Kuban! (K. Oboyshikov)
Homework: pp. 59-65, answer questions.

"Classroom hour in 4" B "grade On the topic: Our fellow countrymen during the Great Patriotic War. Objectives: to acquaint students with the events that took place in the Kuban during ... "

Class hour in 4 "B" class

On the subject: Our fellow countrymen during the Great Patriotic War.

Objectives: to acquaint students with the events that took place in the Kuban during

the time of the Great Patriotic War; developing feelings of compassion, gratitude

to the defenders of our Motherland; develop an attentive attitude towards veterans.

Guys, today we want to start our class hour with the words of the Kuban poet

Victor Podkopaev (Slide №1)

Today we will be talking on a very serious topic, about the time when the Great Patriotic War became the hardest test for all the peoples of our country, when the question of life and death was decided not only for our native Kuban, but for the whole country. From the very beginning, the war on our side had a just defensive character and ended in victory over the fascist invaders.

Tell me, did our village come under military action? And our land?

The war engulfed the entire country, our entire region. How the occupation took place in the Kuban, about the participation of our fellow countrymen - the Kuban people in this war - we will learn today.

1.The teacher's story about wartime. (Story to the music "The Holy War")

Guys, when did the war start?

On June 22, 1941, at 4 o'clock in the morning, on Sunday, German bombs and shells fell on Soviet cities and weakly. In the harsh years of the war, the entire people rose to defend their homeland. All countries and our country, our native Kuban chose the main motto at that time: "Sun for the front, Sun for victory!" (Slide number 2)

Our fellow countrymen, the Kuban people, managed to grow an unprecedented harvest, gathered at a rapid pace for the defense of the region. The brave sons of the Kuban fought both in their native land and far from their beloved cities and villages. But, no matter where they fought, everyone knew that he was protecting both our entire immense country and the fatherland: the Kuban golden fields, transparent rivers, gray mountains.

Many glorious pages were written by the Kuban people in the history of the Great Patriotic War.

Stubborn resistance to the enemy at the very beginning of the war was put up by the defenders of the Brest Fortress. Among them - Ptr Gavrilov, whose name is one of the streets of the regional center, and many other Kuban residents. (Slide №3) The Kubans also fought heroically in the battle for Moscow.

In the spring of 1942, the Nazis launched a powerful new offensive in the south. The enemy approached the borders of our region. The fighters of the 4th Kuban Cossack Cavalry Corps distinguished themselves in the battles for the Kuban.

(Slide №4.5) In the Red Army, soldiers and commanders began to call on to fight the way the Kuban people fight: to beat the enemy, to defend every inch of the earth, as the Cossacks do. But the Cossacks did not succeed in pushing back the enemy either. The terrible days of occupation and terror came to the Kuban. The Nazis established a brutal regime, punished for the slightest offense, forced them to work for the new owners, for Germany. In the Kuban, the fascists wanted to carry out the so-called "Caucasian experiment". They promised freedom of religion, the revival of Cossack liberties, and much more. In fact, the Nazis wanted to capture the Kuban, and then capture the entire Caucasus.

Guys, why do you think?

The Kuban is the breadbasket of our entire country, we have a lot of minerals, a rich natural resource, a unique place - two seas, and the Nazis needed oil, food, which Germany needed, to establish contact with the Turkish army.

(Slide №6) In August 1942 the city of Krasnodar was captured. On August 6-9, a "Sonderkommando" was sent here to exterminate people in "gas chambers".

What do you know about these events?

60-80 people were put into cars at a time, people were destroyed in 8-10 minutes. So 7 thousand people were destroyed.

In these terrible months, such a poster appeared. (Slide # 7) There are such terrible pictures of the past in our history. How hard it was for the civilians: the elderly, women and children. All who could hold weapons in their hands stood up against the enemy. 86 partisan detachments were created in the region.

Guys, do you know who the partisans are?

A partisan is a member of the people's armed detachment, which acts independently behind enemy lines.

The most famous detachment under the command of Peter Karlovich Ignatov. His sons, Evgeny and Gennady, very young guys, died in a sabotage on railroad... In this sabotage, 500 German invaders were killed at once. And they died on October 10, 1942, it was my father's birthday. In March 1943 they were awarded the titles of heroes Soviet Union, that was the name of our country then. Streets and libraries are named after them. (Slide # 8) Six months later, when the enemies invaded the city, after 186 days, deliverance finally came.

On February 12, 1943, the city of Krasnodar was liberated. (Slide number 9). 61 thousand people on the territory of the region were tortured to death in the dungeons of the Gestapo.

A monument to the victims of the Nazi terror was erected in Krasnodar.

(Slide number 10)

This is how civilians fought. But what about the soldiers at the front.

2. Acquaintance with the heroes of the war.

Ltchik - Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin.

You see a portrait of the famous pilot A.I. Pokryshkin.

How many planes did Pokryshkin shoot down?

What sounded on the radio when Pokryshkin rose into the air?

Sviridenko D.

(Slide number 11) Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin was born in 1913. The family lived in Krasnodar on Sedin Street. In his youth, Sasha read a lot, devoted all his time to self-education. But my favorite pastime was sports. Since childhood, he dreamed of being a pilot. Even before the war, he entered a military school.

As soon as he finished it, he was assigned to a fighter aviation regiment, where he met the Great Patriotic War. I received such combat training that from the very first days of the war I could compete with the German aces.

His combat prowess was especially evident in 1943.

The division received a message: German bombers, accompanied by 12 fighters, were approaching our positions. At this time, Pokryshkin and his fighting friends were in the sky. The battle began, in which 8 enemy fighters were destroyed. Pokryshkin himself shot down 4 of them. The pilots of the German bombers who followed them did not turn back, but decided that the Soviet fighters would leave for refueling, and they would freely drop their deadly cargo onto our territory. But Pokryshkin urgently called into battle the squadron of Captain Glinka, which, like a tornado, flew into the enemy and destroyed all enemy aircraft.

Pokryshkin invented the "Kuban whatnot". The point was that our planes entered the battle at different heights and took turns approaching the enemy from the direction of the sun. In these battles, victory has always been on the side of our fighters.

AI Pokryshkin made 600 sorties during the war, took part in 156 air battles and personally shot down 59 enemy aircraft, 20 of them in air battles in the Kuban. (Slide №12) Kuban women joined the fight against the invaders along with the men.

The amazing story of the 46th Taman Aviation Regiment, in which only girls volunteers served. This regiment was in Taman. (Slide number 13)

Ablemitova E.

Who was the commander of the air regiment? (Slide number 14)

Which of our fellow countrymen fought in this regiment? How many sorties did it fly?

E.A.Gamzaeva will tell us about the life of E.A. Zhigulenko (Slide # 15) Zhenya was born in 1920. Childhood and adolescence were spent in the city of Tikhoretsk (shown on the map). Here she studied, went in for sports, jumped from a parachute tower. After graduating from school, Zhenya enters the Moscow Airship Construction Institute and at the same time studies at the Central Aero Club. The girl volunteered for the army, asked to send her to the women's air regiment. Together with the aviation regiment, she returned to her native Kuban.

Participated in the liberation of the city of Novorossiysk. When our amphibious assault landed in Kerch, on the territory occupied by the Nazis, Evgenia Zhigulenko helped the paratroopers: she and other pilots dumped ammunition and food on a tiny piece of land. She spent three years at the front. (Slide №16) After the war, Evgenia served in aviation for another 10 years, then worked in the city of Sochi. And then she graduated from the Institute of Cinematography, became a director and shot a wonderful film about her front-line friends.

This film was called “Night Witches in the Sky”.

Teacher. After all the hard trials that befell the Kuban people, the long-awaited day of liberation from the fascist invaders has come. And it happened on October 9, 1943. 470 thousand Kuban citizens died defending our homeland.

During the war years, many heroic deeds were accomplished by soldiers and civilians. Military hostilities took place in every city, village, and farm. 4 years terrible war did not pass without a trace. In every town and farm there is a monument to the liberator soldier. And everyone has their own story.

I would like to finish our class hour with the words of the already familiar Kuban poet V. Podkopaev. (Slide number 17)

1) Reading an excerpt from V. Podkopaev's poem "This will never be forgotten"

The poem is read by S.

History is not all embraced by the eyes of books and films ... The guys who did not know wars, look at this monument.

The son of the invincible Motherland, epic heroes, brother, smelling of gunpowder and smoke, stands on Soldat Square.

Soldier. Hero. Liberator.

He is kind to friends.

He is strict with enemies.

Here he stepped out of the heat of battle.

Here he saw the distance of the roads.

And the sun went on in a fierce fire, Spilled sweat and blood in battles ...

For this - a tribute from descendants:

Flowers and eternal love! ..

2) Reading the poem "Both for you and for me" (A. Pryadchenko) We must remember the feat of our soldiers. Respect the veterans who remain

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Target: to acquaint with historical information about the war in the Kuban;

the formation of a respectful attitude towards the history of the native land, veterans of the Great Patriotic War;

education of patriotism

1. Introductory speech of the teacher
2. Kuban during the Second World War
   

I. Introductory speech of the teacher

War ... you say this word, and terrible pictures arise in our imagination. The Great Patriotic War lasted 1418 days and nights ...

The war entered every family, brought hard trials and sufferings, bitterness of loss of relatives and friends.

How difficult it was to withstand, to provide the army with everything necessary for Victory! Victory at the front largely depended on successes in the rear. At the enterprise, both young and old went out into the fields, forged weapons of victory, raised bread.

Figures, facts, events claim that the Kuban people are heroic. 469255 compatriots incl. 2952 women, did not return to their loved ones, friends, relatives, loved ones.

Like millions of Soviet people, they remained on the battlefields on the Volga to the Elbe, from Stalingrad to Berlin.

The ashes of 61,557 killed Kuban rests on the territory of 36 states of the near and far abroad. To our deep regret, we know the names and surnames of only half of the brave who died by death.

War ... it will not be erased from the memories of those who were trusted to fight. And we, the descendants of the victors, know, remember, honor? ... in the history of mankind, unfortunately, there are many wars, large and small. This will later be the Kulikovo field for History. Borodino, Prozhorovka. And for a Russian soldier, this is all the native Russian land. You need to stand up to your full height, and go on the attack, and die in an open field under the sky of Russia. So the Russian people from time immemorial fulfilled their duty, the duty of defenders of the fatherland ...

We remember those who paid an exorbitant price in the name of our Victory, we remember the living and the dead, and, first of all, those who are destined by nature to continue life.

1. 1... The atrocities of the fascists on Kuban land

Having occupied most of the regions of the region, the Nazis tried to attract the Cossacks to their side. For 6 months they managed to form several detachments with a total number of 800 people. Having suffered a defeat in flirting with the local population, the Nazis began to act with particular cruelty. For one German killed by the partisans, up to 40 hostages were shot. In Krasnodar, the occupants for the first time began to use gas chamber machines with the help of which they tortured more than 6,000 people, in the villages of Mikhizeeva Polyana, Farsk all residents were burned alive. 130,581 people were taken from the territory of the region to Germany, including 81,089 women, 38,022 children under the age of 16.

1. Small Earth

To liberate the city of Novorossiysk in February 1943, troops landed on the left bank of the Tsemesskaya Bay. 225 days on a tiny stretch of land called Malaya Zemlya, or bloody battles, during which 30,000 enemy soldiers were killed. 21 warriors-landowners were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 6268 soldiers and commanders were awarded orders and medals.

Novorossiysk was awarded the title of Hero City.

- Reading the poem by V. Bakaldin "Novorossiysk carriage"

Here is not a monument, but just holes,

like lace, the whole through carriage island,

crippled by the war.

He's wounded, he's cut up

Twisted at random.

If the gland had to be so,

how people here had to!

1. Kuban cities, awarded with military awards

The most fierce battles took place in the defense of the Kuban cities of Novorossiysk, Tuapse, in the Crimean and Abinsk regions. The medical workers of Sochi performed a great feat of mercy, returning 336 thousand wounded and sick soldiers to the ranks. For courage, heroism, dedication shown by soldiers and residents, Novorossiysk was awarded the title "Hero City" and the Order of Lenin. In addition, the city was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, as well as the cities of Sochi and Tuapse.

1. The role of youth in war

In the pre-war years, the Komsomol organizations of the Kuban were rather effectively engaged in the patriotic education of young people. This is confirmed by the massive impulse of young men and women who voluntarily went to the front to defend their homeland from enemy invasion.

Already in 1914, in the first days of the war, more than 82 thousand Komsomol members of the Kuban, half of the regional Komsomol organization, went to fight the enemy. 952 Komsomol members fought with the invaders in partisan detachments.

The school became the center of patronage. The Timurovites surrounded the families of front-line soldiers and war invalids with special attention.

Students worked in hospitals, giving concerts, caring for the wounded, and renovating wards. Schoolchildren also made a great contribution to the collection of various types of secondary raw materials.

Collected non-ferrous and ferrous metals, bottles for incendiary liquid. During the war years, teachers and schoolchildren of the region collected 112 tons of medicinal raw materials necessary for the treatment of wounded and sick soldiers. They raised funds for the construction of personalized tank columns and air squadrons. At the end of 1944, 40 Kuban teachers were awarded orders and medals for their selfless work during the Great Patriotic War.

The Kuban pioneers also contributed to the victory over the enemy. On the heroic Malaya Zemlya, Vitya Kovalenko, Kolya Tkach, Zhenya Borabash fought as signalers, Vitya Chalenko, Vanya Savinov in the Marine Corps battalion. All of them were awarded orders and medals, but unfortunately, they did not live to see the Victory.

For helping the partisans, he was buried alive in the village of Kavkazskaya - Fedya Tokarev, Shura Belik was burnt alive, Zhora Erosko was hanged, Lenya Taranik was shot not far from Goryachy Klyuch, Zhenya Popov in Maikop, Katya Solovyanova in Anape, Katya Solovyanova, in the village of Bryukhovenskaya - Vitya Golubyatnikovs, in Krasnodar - Volodya Golovaty.

- Reading the poem by V. Bakaldin "Krasnodar story"

The sky over the Kuban was black,

the oil was pouring a hell of a blizzard,

boys without military rank

fought on the Kuban coast.

With skinny (behind fragile shoulders)

duffel bags collected at home,

in caps, in short jackets,

with heavy rifles in hand

hot august day

the boys were under fire.

Not heroes, not giants,

under the pressure of frenzied attacks,

falling to the yellow slopes of clay,

lasted three days like this ...

The lads of the militia were dying

From familiar streets just a stone's throw away.

It was scary for them, and it hurt ...

But they could not otherwise.

Cool and vulgar

not far from home ...

... The waters run in a whirlwind,

the old coast is new with new life,

and grows with the immortal quarters

lovely Krasnodar boys.

And you look what is there,

where the dam is covered with asphalt

the way rushes,

a monument will be erected to a giant

boy with a rifle in his hands.

1. Teacher's word

We remember those who paid an exorbitant price in the name of our Victory, we remember the living and the dead. And first of all, those who are destined by nature to continue life.

— Reading V. Bakaldin's poem "They did not ask for immortality ..."

They asked for immortality.

We laid our heads in battle

for the blue fields of Russia,

for his Soviet power.

And they could not do otherwise.

There was no other way.

Not everyone on the list is indicated

at the obelisk on the chest.

Not everyone is given an award

the saved country was able to.

Rain of golden leaves

throughout the land, like orders.

The Motherland bows the banners.

She is like a mother in her soul

not in time burnt sons

He calls everyone by name.

Our memory is forever with us.

The earth itself preserves it.

She is in the roots of gardens and arable lands,

she is metal, she is granite,

she and the feat, sculpted,

she and the nameless mound,

- Hello, dear guys! Today, in our first class hour, we will take a trip. -Guys, read the words written on the board: EPIGRAPH: Have you been to the Kuban? ...

Ministry of Education and Science of the Krasnodar Territory

State budgetary professional

educational institution of the Krasnodar Territory

"Ventsy-Zarya Agricultural College"

Methodical development

Class hour

Theme: " KUBAN IN THE YEARS OF WAR »

group

181-t

classroom teacher:

Svetlichnaya Lyudmila Sergeevna

Science teacher

Svetlichnaya Lyudmila Sergeevna

the village of Ventsy

2015

Foreword.

In the conditions of formation in Russia civil society the main goal of education is to form a professionally and socially competent personality, capable of creativity and self-determination in a changing world, with a developed sense of responsibility and a desire to create. Upbringing in this concept means purposeful and systematic activity of a secondary specialized educational institution organically connected with learning, focused both on the formation of socially significant qualities, attitudes and values ​​of a person's orientation, and on creating favorable conditions for comprehensive harmonious, spiritual, intellectual and physical development. , improvement and creative self-realization of the personality of the future specialist.

The value-semantic core is the civic-patriotic education of students. Fostering love for the Motherland, pride in their country and its citizens. The development of these qualities is of great importance for the development and the most important tool for the spiritual and moral formation of the individual.

This activity requires some preliminary preparation. It is required to arrange the audience according to the topic class hour pick up the music for the event. Collect documentary materials. Provide technical support for the class hour. In preparation, actively involve the students of the group. To write a letter to a friend in the shape of a triangle, you need to provide students with sheets of paper.

Event plan

Theme: " KUBAN IN THE YEARS OF WAR»

Target: Encouraging students to the great historical events our homeland. to acquaint with historical information about the war in the Kuban.

Tasks: the formation of a respectful attitude towards the history of the native land, veterans, the Second World War; education of patriotism

Form of carrying out: class hour.

Location: audience.

Time spending: extracurricular.

Equipment: school hour script, Information Support, posters for audience decoration.

School hour script " KUBAN IN THE YEARS OF WAR»

Lead 1: War ... you say this word - and terrible pictures arise in our imagination. The Great Patriotic War lasted 1418 days and nights ...

The war entered every family, brought hard trials and sufferings, bitterness of loss of relatives and friends.

How difficult it was to withstand, to provide the army with everything necessary for Victory! Victory at the front largely depended on successes in the rear. At the enterprise, both young and old went out into the fields, forged weapons of victory, raised bread.

Figures, facts, events claim that the Kuban people are heroic. 469255 compatriots incl. 2952 women, did not return to their loved ones, friends, relatives, loved ones.

Like millions of Soviet people, they remained on the battlefields on the Volga to the Elbe, from Stalingrad to Berlin.

The ashes of 61,557 killed Kuban rests on the territory of 36 states of the near and far abroad. To our deep regret, we know the names and surnames of only half of the brave who died by death.

War ... it will not be erased from the memories of those who were trusted to fight. And we, the descendants of the victors, know, remember, honor? ... in the history of mankind, unfortunately, there are many wars, large and small. This will later be the Kulikovo field for History. Borodino, Prozhorovka. And for a Russian soldier, this is all the native Russian land. You need to stand up to your full height, and go on the attack, and die in an open field under the sky of Russia. So the Russian people from time immemorial fulfilled their duty, the duty of defenders of the fatherland ...

We remember those who paid an exorbitant price in the name of our Victory, we remember the living and the dead, and first of all - those who are destined by nature to continue life.

The atrocities of the fascists in the Kuban land

Lead 2: Of course you all know that the war has not spared ours and you. small homeland Kuban. On February 12 this year, we celebrated the 65th anniversary of the liberation of Krasnodar from the Nazi invaders.

Having occupied most of the regions of the region, the Nazis tried to attract the Cossacks to their side. For 6 months they managed to form several detachments with a total number of 800 people. Having suffered defeat in "flirting" with the local population, the Nazis began to act with particular cruelty. For one German killed by the partisans, up to 40 hostages were shot. In Krasnodar, for the first time, the invaders began to use gas-chamber machines with the help of which they tortured more than 6,000 people, in the villages of Mikhizeeva Polyana, Farsk all residents were burned alive. 130,581 people were taken from the territory of the region to Germany, including 81,089 women, 38,022 children under the age of 16.

Small Earth

Lead 3: Here is not a monument, but just in holes,

exactly lace, all through

a wagon island, crippled by the war.

He's wounded, he's cut up

twisted at random.

If the gland had to be so,

how people had to here!

The most fierce battles took place in the defense of the Kuban cities of Novorossiysk, Tuapse, in the Crimean and Abinsk regions. The medical workers of Sochi performed a great feat of mercy, returning 336 thousand wounded and sick soldiers to the ranks. To liberate the city of Novorossiysk in February 1943, troops landed on the left bank of the Tsemesskaya Bay. 225 days on a tiny stretch of land called Malaya Zemlya, or bloody battles, during which 30,000 enemy soldiers were killed. 21 warriors-landowners were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 6268 soldiers and commanders were awarded orders and medals.

For courage, heroism, dedication shown by soldiers and residents, Novorossiysk was awarded the title "Hero City" and the Order of Lenin. In addition, the city was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, as well as the cities of Sochi and Tuapse.

. The role of youth in war

Lead 2:

The sky over the Kuban was black,

the oil was pouring a hell of a blizzard,

boys without military rank

fought on the Kuban coast.

With skinny (behind fragile shoulders)

duffel bags collected at home,

in caps, in short jackets,

with heavy rifles in hand

hot august day

the boys were under fire.

Not heroes, not giants,

under the pressure of frenzied attacks,

falling to the yellow slopes of clay,

lasted three days like this ...

The lads of the militia were dying

From familiar streets just a stone's throw away.

It was scary for them, and it hurt ...

But they could not otherwise.

We lay down cool and

It's not far from my home in school ...

…The waters run in a whirlwind

the old coast is new with new life,

and grows with the immortal quarters

lovely Krasnodar boys.

And you see that there, where on the dam

the asphalt road rushes

a monument will be erected to a giant

boy with a rifle in his hands.

In the pre-war years, the Komsomol organizations of the Kuban were rather effectively engaged in the patriotic education of young people. This is confirmed by the massive impulse of young men and women who voluntarily went to the front to defend their homeland from enemy invasion.

Already in 1914, in the first days of the war, more than 82 thousand Komsomol members of the Kuban, half of the regional Komsomol organization, went to fight the enemy. 952 Komsomol members fought with the invaders in partisan detachments.

The school became the center of patronage. The Timurovites surrounded the families of front-line soldiers and war invalids with special attention.

Students worked in hospitals, giving concerts, caring for the wounded, and renovating wards. Schoolchildren also made a great contribution to the collection of various types of secondary raw materials.

Collected non-ferrous and ferrous metals, bottles for incendiary liquid. During the war years, teachers and schoolchildren of the region collected 112 tons of medicinal raw materials necessary for the treatment of wounded and sick soldiers. They raised funds for the construction of personalized tank columns and air squadrons. At the end of 1944, 40 Kuban teachers were awarded orders and medals for their selfless work during the Great Patriotic War.

The Kuban pioneers also contributed to the victory over the enemy. On the heroic Malaya Zemlya, Vitya Kovalenko, Kolya Tkach, Zhenya Borabash fought as signalers, Vitya Chalenko, Vanya Savinov in the Marine Corps battalion. All of them were awarded orders and medals, but unfortunately, they did not live to see the Victory.

For helping the partisans, he was buried alive in the village of Kavkazskaya - Fedya Tokarev, Shura Belik was burnt alive, Zhora Erosko was hanged, Lenya Taranik was shot not far from Goryachy Klyuch, Zhenya Popov in Maikop, Katya Solovyanova in Anape, Katya Solovyanova, in the village of Bryukhovenskaya - Vitya Golubyatnikovs, in Krasnodar - Volodya Golovaty.

Russian soldier

Lead 1: Our compatriot Nikolay Masalov walked many kilometers along the roads of war. He saw a lot of blood and tears on these roads. And here he is in the very heart of Germany - at the walls of Hitler's Berlin - the enemy capital.

After a hard battle, there was a lull. Suddenly the soldiers heard children crying. Nikolai Masalov rushed to help the child. The Nazis opened a terrible fire. But the soldier forgot about death. He crawled towards the bridge. There was a little girl crying.

The whole world knows about this feat. In Berlin, in Treptower Park, there is a monument to a Russian soldier. He has a German child in his arms.

Lead 3: Terrible massacres of the civilian population of the Kuban were carried out by the Nazis during the days of the occupation in 1942-1943.

For the first time in the entire history of the war, it was in the Kuban that the Nazis used their barbaric invention - a gas chamber. These were big box trucks. Poisonous gas was fed into the body through a special pipe, and after 10 minutes people were dying of suffocation. So in the Ust-Labinsk region, the Nazis destroyed 320 sick children. They were driven into the car straight from the hospital, in only panties and T-shirts. They closed the doors of the "gas chamber" and turned on the lethal gas.

The Nazis purposefully and with particular cruelty destroyed children. After all, children, that is, you, are our future. If there are many children in a country, it means that the country lives, will live and prosper. And this was not part of Hitler's plans.

City of maternal glory

Lead 2: This is what Timashevsk is called. Here is the only memorial museum in Russia that tells about the tragic fate of the mother of Epistinia Fedorovna Stepanova. The war took the most precious thing from her - her sons: Alexander the Elder and Alexander the Younger, Nikolai, Vasily, Philip, Fedor, Ivan, Ilya, Pavel ... Nine times the postman came to her house with funerals. And now nine silvery firs grow near the Mother's monument - nine lives of her sons. A monument from the word memory - to be remembered and never forgotten.

Lead 1: Today we remembered, and maybe learned about some of the events of the war. About the events of the war years concerning our native land. And I suggest you write a letter to a friend - very small - a few words.

“Now I know what war is. War is ... "- please continue the sentence!

(essay blanks can be made in the form of letters of the war years - triangles. Writing time - 3-4 minutes.)

In conclusion, I would like to say: "Humanity lives by preserving traditions" - wrote our Krasnodar poetess Nadezhda Tananko. Our people also have such a tradition. It is called a minute of silence. It is held as a token of memory of the victims - standing and silent. Let us, following this tradition, honor the memory of the heroes of the Great Patriotic War with a minute of silence.

People, as long as hearts are knocking,

Remember at what cost happiness is won!

Conclusion.

Years and decades pass and there are already few living eyewitnesses and participants in that terrible war. But our subsequent generations have a memory. We must not forget and not remember those heroic pages of the history of our people, our region. A person comes into this world for creation, creativity, love. Love for family and friends, love for the Motherland, big and small. The earth is a wonderful peace among its neighbors, which humanity has received as a gift. But until now, here and there explosions are thundering, people are dying.

Can't we save for future generations what our ancestors saved for us by paying for blue sky an exorbitant price over our heads. No! We will not allow this terrible disaster into our homes. We will forever honor the memory of our fathers and grandfathers.

Used Books

Chetunova N., Bobrovskaya E. Soviet patriotism and Soviet literature // Soviet book. 1946. No. 2.

Poltoratsky V. Andrey Platonov in the war Platonov A. There is no death! Stories), Moscow: Soviet writer, 1970.

Ortenberg D. Facets of Courage Literary Russia. 1973 May 4. D. Guy, V. Snegirev “Invasion. Unknown pages of an undeclared war "Moscow JV" IKPA "1991;

Soviet Military Encyclopedia Moscow Military Publishing 1976;

Classroom hour on the topic:

"Krasnodar during the Great Patriotic War".

Teacher: Tarasenko N.E.

Purpose: to show the children the heroic and tragic pages of the history of our regional center.

Objectives: forming a sense of patriotism, citizenship and hatred of fascism.

Equipment: multimedia (presentation)

Teacher:

Our class hour is dedicated to a significant date 69th anniversary of the liberation of Krasnodar from the Nazi invaders. Today in the lesson we will once again turn over the heroic and tragic pages in the history of the city.

June 22, 1941 ... It was a sunny, bright Sunday like a summer. Nothing seemed to bode well for a storm, but a storm broke out. A hurricane flurry of war came. He burst into peaceful cities and villages, into every house, into every family ... The homeland is in danger - everyone felt this with his whole being.

It seemed cold to the flowers

And they faded slightly from the dew.

I dawn that walked through the grasses and bushes,

We searched the German binoculars ...

Everything breathed such silence.

It seemed that the whole earth was still asleep.

Who knew that between peace and war

Just some five minutes left! ..

The entire Soviet people... People entered into mortal combat with an insidious, merciless and cruel enemy.

The song "Sacred War" is played.

If you are a fascist with a gun

You don’t want to give away forever

The house where you lived, your wife and mother,

Everything that we call homeland -

Know: no one will save her

If you don't save her ...

Know: no one will kill him,

If you don't kill him ...

K. Simonov.

Teacher:

During the Second World War from August 9, 1942 to February 12, 1943, our city was under the rule of the Nazis.

The outbreak of war demanded in the shortest possible time to create a war economy in the region. From the very beginning of the war, all the main enterprises of the region were fully or partially transferred to the production of military products.

So at the Krasnodar plant "October" was mastered the production of parts for the shells of the famous "Katyusha". At the plant them. Sedin, continuing to produce machine tools, began to produce separate units for tanks, hulls for artillery shells, mortars, hand grenades, the laboratory of the Krasnodar Chemical-Technological Institute began to produce bottles with a self-igniting liquid. Sewing enterprises switched to the production of tunics, greatcoats, quilted jackets, army caps with earflaps and other property.

The occupation of the Kuban is one of the most tragic pages of its history. Even before the seizure of the regions of the region, the Nazis sent a large group of engineers and economists to the North Caucasus, who formed a special "economic committee for the Caucasus."

The military occupation of the North Caucasus was envisaged by the Germans for a long time. In the temporarily occupied areas, a fascist occupation administration was created, it began to establish a "new order".

The robbery of a wealthy region, the enslavement of its inhabitants, the atrocious reprisals against Soviet people, and a massive hijacking to Germany for slave labor began on a large scale. By order of the burgomaster of the city of Krasnodar, the entire population between the ages of 14 and 60 had to register on the stock exchange. The civilian population is used to dig trenches. The working day lasts 10 hours, there are no days off, workers are given 250 grams of bread, and lately, the distribution of bread has been cut to 150 grams.

A curfew was imposed in the city, after 6 pm no one dared to appear on the street, violators were shot on the spot.

It was the most terrible time in the entire history of Krasnodar. A martyr's death killed 13 thousand residents of the city, of which more than 7 thousand were killed in cars - gas chambers. The SS-10 A Sonderkommando was especially rampant in the city. She was engaged in the search and destruction of "suspicious" people, as well as captured Red Army commanders.

870 houses were destroyed and burned. Burned 4 High educational institutions, with the equipment of laboratories and libraries, theaters of dramatic and musical comedy, the Palace of Pioneers, almost all schools, clubs, cinemas. The most valuable tree species in city parks have been cut down and damaged.

All this time, Krasnodar residents bravely fought against the invaders, organized partisan detachments. 86 partisan detachments formed in the province attacked commandant's offices and police stations, and sometimes garrisons of the enemy, blew up bridges, disrupted German communications, and supported the people's belief in victory over the enemy.

Fighting enemies and teenagers. Hungry prisoners of war for barbed wire, shooting at people on the streets of the city, robbery - all this was seen by the people of our city. Children, boys of 16-17 years old also took part in the underground.

On the initiative of 17-year-old Volodya Golovaty, an underground group of 7 people was created. The guys rescued and sheltered the wounded of our army, distributed leaflets. During the raid of Soviet planes, when the Germans were hiding in bomb shelters, the guys set fire to the fuel depot. The workshops in which Nazi tanks were being repaired also took off.

At the end of January 1943, the Nazis attacked the trail of the underground. Volodya Holovaty was arrested by the Gestapo at the Haymarket when he was distributing leaflets. He was tortured, hoping to get a meeting place, lists of underground members. But the young hero did not give up.

11 days before the liberation of the city by the Red Army, the teenager was executed. The body of Volodya Golovaty was found in a ditch after the liberation of Krasnodar. He bore signs of torture and his hair turned gray. Volodya pressed a three-year-old girl to his chest, covering her with his coat from the cold at the hour of death.

In honor of Volodya Golovaty, Yarmarkaya street was renamed into Golovaty street. On the facade of the building high school No. 42, where Volodya studied, has a memorial plaque.

V. Bakaldin's poem "At the call of a young heart" is dedicated to this tragic page in the history of the city

Krasnodar true story

In memory of high school students,

killed defending their hometown

in August 1942

The sky over the Kuban was black,

Oil billowed a hellish blizzard

boys without military rank

fought on the Kuban coast.

With the skinny

(behind fragile shoulders)

duffel bags collected at home,

in caps, in short jackets,

with heavy rifles in hand

hot august day

the boys were under fire.

Not heroes, not giants,

under the pressure of frenzied attacks,

falling to the yellow slopes of clay,

lasted three days like this ...

The lads of the militia were dying

from familiar streets just a stone's throw away.

It was scary for them, and it hurt ...

But they could not otherwise.

We fell down in a classy and vulgar way

not far from home ...

The waters run in a whirlwind

the old coast is new with new life,

and immortality grows with the quarters

lovely Krasnodar boys.

And you look what is there,

where the dam is covered with asphalt

the road rushes, a monument will be erected

a giant - a boy with a rifle in his hands.

Teacher:

On the eve of the liberation on February 10, 1943, in the city of Krasnodar, the Nazis burned alive 300 people in the Gestapo building, and more than 20 people were hanged on the streets of the city. The gallows were equipped with tablets with the inscriptions: "I did not follow the order of the Germans", "I spread false rumors." Only in the anti-tank ditch on the northern outskirts of the city, 7 thousand corpses were found after the liberation of the city.

Here the enemy created strong system defense. The area was dug with anti-tank ditches and trenches. Roads and convenient paths for traffic were mined. On February 9, fighting began on the outskirts of the city.

Sappers under enemy fire, standing waist-deep in icy water, were building crossings across the Kuban. They managed to sneak over to the other side of the river, seize there

boats and ferry

.

The first groups of infantrymen, breaking the river at night, created a bridgehead and secured a crossing of troops on February 10. On the night of February 12, fighters broke into the city Soviet army, and in the morning of the coming day, the red banner was flying in the center of the city: at the corner of Krasnaya and Gimnazicheskaya streets. It was installed by D. Vasyukov, Yu. Shikinin and Kh. Adalgireyev. Krasnodar became free again.

The combat pilots of our country played an important role in the liberation of Krasnodar and the entire Kuban. One of the most famous is Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin. (slide 13).

It was in the Kuban in 1942 that the most famous Soviet pilot, an ace of the Great Patriotic War, first applied new battle tactics, against which the best German pilots could not resist. Then, for the first time, Soviet pilots on a large scale used a new grouping of fighter aircraft in the air, the so-called "Kuban whatnot", the author of which was the ball Alexander Pokryshkin.

That February, harsh, snowy,

Having heeded human hopes,

The victory came to the Kuban.

It seemed like an avalanche rushed

From the tops of the gray Caucasus mountains

and flooded everything around:

Road, river, slope ...

In the early morning of dawn that February

Branches of boughs crunched anxiously,

Through the window with blooming geraniums

There was the first fractional knock.

And he entered with frosty steam -

Saddle overcoat, machine gun,

An ordinary Russian guy,

Soviet army soldier ...

And I immediately to him - on the neck.

I laid my cheek hot

And hung for a long, long time without moving.

And he ruffled my whirlwinds and muttered:

“Well, full, full.

Well, calm down, finally ... "

And it seemed to me that I raised

Above my head is my father ...

Teacher:

The residents of Krasnodar, together with the active troops, won a bloody battle, and survived in the most difficult time for their hometown. The victory was not an easy price. The Kuban capital was one of the 15 Soviet cities that suffered the greatest destruction during the war years. Six months of Nazi occupation claimed the lives of more than 17 thousand Krasnodar residents.

________________

War is over,

But the song is scorched

Over every house

She's still spinning

And we will not forget

What is more than 20 million

Gone into immortality

To live with us.

Please get up. Let us honor the memory of the victims with a minute of silence.

Teacher:

I want to end our class hour with the words of R. Rozhdestvensky.

People!

As long as hearts are knocking, -

Remember!

At what price is happiness won, -

Please remember!

Teacher:

Fewer and fewer participants in those terrible events remain, the greater our responsibility to these amazing people. Low bow and many thanks to everyone who gave us the opportunity to live and study under a clean, peaceful Kuban sky.

85-mm anti-aircraft gun, installed in honor of the soldiers-anti-aircraft gunners who died in battles with the Nazi invaders, 1973, architect OA Demyanenko. Located on the street. Stavropolskaya, 149