True and False Purpose Inference. What's the difference between true and false targets? Objectives imposed and false
TRUE AND FALSE
This article defines false targets and describes a method for detecting them. A general description of the method for detecting the true target of a person is given.
C ate true (major) and minor
The question is very important. Is not it? Everyone, one way or another, thinks about achieving something that he considers important for his life. We're talking about goals. We are talking about achievement, about striving for something new and positive ... I want that too. Everyone is striving for something. I will strive to improve my life too. But the question. How to do it? What are my goals?
People turn to me for help in obtaining and often want to define goals in life. If we know our goals, then we know what to strive for. We feel more confident and stable. So? Therefore, we want to know our goals. Everything is clear and simple. So? No not like this. The first question that arises about goals is, is everything we want is our goal? It turns out that not all of them. The leading question is whether we want it because we want it, or because someone else convinced us that we want it. It is this question that is decided by those who pass, because it is needed for really practical issues, such as, for example, the question of goals. In the process of work, you can quickly weed out unnecessary directions in life and false goals.
Let's try to understand how it works. If we understand the principle, then perhaps we can understand a lot in our life right now. Let's, in general, divide the entire group of our desires into two parts and conditionally call them true goals and secondary goals. It turns out that everything is so simple, there are only true goals and secondary goals! Right? No, not right! It's easy to say ... But what is meant by a true goal and what is meant by a secondary one? We bypass the complexity and say the following - we do not know exactly yet, but we can make the following, very similar to the probable, assumption. True goals are what we want according to our primary nature. And secondary goals are what is superficial, temporary, which appeared as a reaction to the unexpected.
Example
Very interesting! Here's an example. I was striving for something that I thought was truly worthy of achievement. I had a goal. For example, I thought it was really important for myself to get a certain education, or to become enlightened. But suddenly something unexpected happens. My girlfriend is dumping me. Ouch! I forget about the first (real) goal and suddenly decide that I will put my life on the altar of returning the girl or becoming beautiful, etc., so that the girls no longer throw me left and right, but, on the contrary, it’s me. threw ... And now, with my new desire, I want to go to gyms and lift dumbbells. So, it is very likely that the second “goal” (to become a real man) is something reactive, that is, something that did not originate in my nature, but only as a reaction to loss. So we get to the heart of the matter. The fact is that the second goal may distract from the achievement of the first (main, true) goal.
Additional and decoys
Let's now take the next step and divide all the secondary goals into two parts. Those that help in achieving the main goal or main goals and those that do not help. Goals from the first group, those that help in achieving the main goal, we will call additional goals, and those that do not help, we call them false goals.
Let's take a look at some examples. The main goal is promotion at work. The thing is lost. We estimate that if we need this thing to advance in our work, then the goal of restoring possession of this thing will be a useful goal and we call it an additional goal. If the goal of restoring possession of a thing does not help us in any way in achieving the main goal, advancement in work, then it will only distract us from the main goal and such a goal will be a false goal.
Discussing decoys
Particular attention should be paid to the definition of false goals for the reason that it is false goals that distract attention from the achievement of the main, true goals. What happens when you allow a person to move in the direction of a false target. Most likely, even if he reaches it, the satisfaction will be only temporary and short-term. Indeed, deep down, under a false goal, lies the still unattained true goal. Having reached the false goal, we will immediately notice that we still have not made progress towards our true goal. This time. And secondly, on the way to a false goal, we will experience various difficulties and obstacles that will appear “from nowhere”. Why? And because, a false goal, it is a false one. It appeared as a reaction to emotional distress. There is a negative emotional charge underneath the false target. In a simple way, moving towards a false goal, we will not experience joy, and on the contrary, we will feel some, not entirely explainable, heaviness and tension. We now understand the nature of this heaviness. It is that within the false target lies an emotional disorder.
Important rules
Let's now summarize what we've been looking at. Further, the basic laws of goal control are given.
All goals can be divided into two important categories - true goals and secondary goals.
True goals are accepted by a person based on their nature and purpose.
Secondary purposes are accepted to recover the loss.
Secondary goals are divided into false and additional.
A false goal is a secondary goal that does not contribute to the achievement of the true goal.
An additional goal is a secondary goal that contributes to the achievement of the true goal.
True goals correspond to the inner nature of a spiritual being.
False goals appear as reactions to emotional distress and loss and distract a person from the main goal.
Achieving a false goal does not bring the expected satisfaction.
The movement towards a false goal is accompanied by internal tension and, as a result, external difficulties.
In contrast, moving towards the main goal is accompanied by a feeling of joy, and achieving the main goal is rewarding.
As a consequence, it is best to always determine whether our goal is true or false.
Finding Your True Purpose
Let's look at the question of how you can determine which goal is true and which is false. A narrower question to which we can now give an answer is this - How to determine that the goal is false? The answer is in point 3. above. The false target is based on past loss. This means that we can separate the false target if we find out if it is based on some loss. This can be done easily through spiritual processing. possesses all the technical data to carry out such an analysis. Basically, we have to trace the target back to the moment it appeared and then find out if the person had some kind of loss, loss, or other emotional distress at that time. In fact, all emotional distress is based on some form of loss. Hence, it is enough to find out only about the loss.
What to do next? If we find the loss and remove the emotional distress from it, then the person can easily see that his “goal” was based on reaction and then, with an additional step of spiritual processing, we can direct his attention to the original, presumably true goal.
This raises an interesting philosophical question. We know how to identify a false target and remove it. We expect that after removing one by one all the false targets, we will remain with what might be called the true target or targets. And what if after removing all false targets, we have nothing left that could be called a true target. In this case, we will have to admit that there are no true goals. This is theoretically possible. We will not go deep into this possibility yet, we will only note that the primary postulate of a spiritual being is the postulate “BE”. Perhaps a spiritual being has no other purpose than to be, and all “other goals” are false in the sense that they appear as a reaction to loss. If it turns out that true goals do not exist, then we will have to abandon the division of goals into true and secondary goals and recognize that all goals are based on some initial loss and frustration (in this sense, all goals will turn out to be "false")
In conclusion, we give a typical example
Another example
from life, how the creation of a new goal (a false goal, in this case) occurs. A person owns something and is calm about his possession, not really caring about it. He loses his possession and gets upset. Having fallen into negative, a person decides to restore his possession and achieve the thing that he has lost. An attempt to regain possession meets an obstacle and the person decides to have a new goal in the direction of overcoming the obstacles that have arisen. This becomes a new goal for a person. Note that if the first attempt to restore possession were successful, then creating a new goal in life would be unnecessary.
Conclusion
Thus, it is possible to carry out in practice the analysis of goals and separate secondary, in particular, false goals from true ones. We have not yet touched on the question of how to define true goals, but we can say that true goals will be those goals that “survive” after weeding out all secondary goals. Knowing your true goals is very important for confidence and recovery of a person's abilities and this technique describes how you can determine your true goals as part of a spiritual processing procedure.
Description of the presentation for individual slides:
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SUMMARY OF 2017/2018 .. THEMATIC DIRECTION "Aims and means". If you are heading towards your goal and stop along the way to throw stones at every dog barking at you, you will never reach your goal. (F.M.Dostoevsky)
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The concepts of this direction are interrelated and allow one to think about the life aspirations of a person, the importance of meaningful goal-setting, the ability to correctly correlate the goal and the means of achieving it, as well as about the ethical assessment of human actions. In many literary works the characters are presented, deliberately or mistakenly chose unsuitable means for the implementation of their plans. And it often turns out that a good goal serves only as a cover for the true (base) plans. Such characters are opposed by heroes for whom the means of achieving a high goal are inseparable from the requirements of morality.
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Definitions: A goal is what we strive for, what we strive for, what we want to get, what we want to succeed in. Means: 1. Real conditions, opportunities. 2. transfer. outdated. Spiritual or physical qualities of a person, necessary for something; capabilities. 3. Money, capital. Synonyms for target: Meta, target; species, intention, end, dream, ideal, aspiration. Synonyms for the word means: Method, method, mode of action, tactics, basis, trick.
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The goal is what we want. It can be of any scale. We call the goal the desire that we want to realize in the near future. Means are the methods by which we will achieve the goal. For example, if our goal is to write a good final essay, then we need to choose one of the means - either copy the work from the Internet, or read several good books and convey our thoughts on paper. The first option attracts more, since it does not require much effort. In life, everything happens exactly the same. To achieve any goal, we have good (humane, noble) means and bad (immoral, vile).
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What is the goal? The goal is the result that a person strives for in his activity, the expected result. This is a conscious image of the anticipated result that has arisen in the mind of a person, presented by him. The goal in life from a philosophical point of view is the general guidelines that a person determines for himself, including the meaning of life, his purpose in it. More highly expressed, this is the mission that everyone sees in their birth on earth. This is the answer to the question: why do I live? The goal from a moral, moral point of view is the moral principles that a person tries to follow, this is his personal program of enrichment of the inner, spiritual world, the image to which he aspires in his movement towards self-perfection, the answer to the question: what I want to be. The goal from a social point of view is a person's determination of his place in society, his social role, positions in literally every area. These are answers to the questions: what is my place in the political life of the country, how I want to see my financial situation, what professional activities I will do what I want to see my family, etc.
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The goals are global, determining the direction of a person's entire life, and specific, as a result of one or another activity. A person can set such goals for himself almost daily, drawing up a program of action for some time. The goals are determined by the level of development, education, upbringing of a person, his characteristics personality traits... Therefore, they say that goals are high, moral, contributing to the further formation of the best in a person, aimed at achieving the good of loved ones, people, country. But there are also low, selfish, goals, based on the desire to satisfy only one's own needs, without taking into account whether the activity benefits others or not. By the goals, one can judge about a person, what he is, how morally developed, formed as a person.
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What are means? Means are those methods, techniques, ways that a person uses to achieve his goals. The specific end determines the means that a person uses. Therefore, the means can be human actions (for example, studying the material, self-preparation for successfully passing the exam), words, supporting someone in difficult times (for example, the desire to calm down a person experiencing strong emotional excitement), finally, the means can be objects used in specific activity (for example, boards in a carpentry shop) From a legal point of view, there are legal and illegal means. The first ones do not violate the order of life of society, do not harm others. The latter threaten peace and even the lives of people, are dangerous. From a moral point of view, there are means that do not violate the laws of morality, built on the principles of good, justice, humanity, but there are immoral means that trample on the honor and dignity of people, carrying evil in themselves, crossing all the boundaries of what is permitted. Means, like ends, depend on what a person is, how decent he is, morally and socially formed. It is necessary to clearly think over the means to achieve the goal, so as not to harm others, not to humiliate oneself with immoral acts. End justifies the means. Is this statement always true? Of course not. Any seemingly noble goal achieved in low, dirty, lawless ways ceases to be such, since it is achieved by the pain and suffering of other people.
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Sample List of Topics Can it be argued that all means are good in war? Does the end justify the means? How do you understand the saying: "The game is not worth the candle"? Why is it important to have a purpose in life? What is purpose for? Do you agree with the statement: "A person who certainly wants something, forces fate to surrender"? How do you understand the statement: “When the goal is achieved, the path is forgotten”? Which goal is satisfying? Confirm or refute the statement of A. Einstein: "If you want to lead a happy life, you must be attached to a goal, and not to people or things"? Is it possible to achieve the goal if the obstacles seem insurmountable? What qualities should a person possess in order to achieve great goals? Are the statements of Confucius true: "When it seems to you that the goal is unattainable, do not change the goal - change your plan of action"? What does “great purpose” mean? Who or what helps a person achieve a goal in life? How do you understand the statement of O. de Balzac: "To reach the goal, you must first go"? Can a person live without a goal?
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As you understand the statement of E.A. According to "No transport will be passing if you don't know where to go"? Is it possible to achieve a goal if everyone is against you? What does the lack of purpose in life lead to? What's the difference between true and false targets? How is a dream different from a goal? Why is aimless existence dangerous? As you understand the statement of M. Gandhi: "Find a goal, resources will be found." How can you achieve your goal? Do you agree with the statement: "He walks faster, who walks alone"? Is it possible to judge a person by his goal? Can grand dishonest goals be justified? How does society influence the formation of goals? Do you agree with A. Einstein's statement: “No goal is high enough to justify unworthy means to achieve it”? Are there unattainable goals? How do you understand the words of J. Orwell: “I understand how; I do not understand why"? Can a good purpose serve as a cover for base plans?
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Do you agree with A. Rand's statement: “Only the one in whom the aspirations have faded is lost forever”? In what situations in life does the achievement of a goal not bring happiness? What can a person who has lost a purpose in life be capable of? Does achieving a goal always make a person happy? What is the purpose of human existence? Should you set yourself “unattainable” goals? How do you understand the phrase "go over the head"? What is the difference between "momentary desire" and "goal"? How are moral qualities of a person related to the means that he chooses to achieve his goals? How do you understand the statement of L. da Vinci: "He who strives to the stars does not turn around"?
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Let no one deviate a step from the honest path under the plausible pretext that this is justified by a noble purpose. Any fine goal can be achieved by honest means. And if it is impossible, then this goal is bad (C. Dickens Through the implementation of great goals, a person discovers a great character in himself, making him a beacon for others (G.F. Hegel) The ideal is a guiding star. Without it there is no firm direction, but direction - there is no life (Leo Tolstoy) No goal is high enough to justify unworthy means to achieve it (A. Einstein) Light has long been called a stormy ocean, but happy who floats with a compass (N.M. Karamzin) Only if people knew that the goal of humanity is not material progress, that this progress is inevitable growth, and the goal is the same - the good of all people ... (Leo Tolstoy) If a person makes his goal something vain, that is, insignificant, insignificant, then here is not an interest in the matter, but an interest in oneself (G.F. Hegel)
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First, don't do anything for no reason or purpose. Secondly, do not do anything that would not be beneficial to society (M. Aurelius) A person who certainly wants something, forces fate to surrender. (M.Yu. Lermontov) A person must learn to obey himself and obey his decisions. (Cicero) When the goal is achieved, the path is forgotten. (Osho) The meaning of life is those goals that make you appreciate it. (W. James) Perfect Means for Unclear Purposes - characteristic feature our time. (A. Einstein) High goals, even unfulfilled ones, are dearer to us than low goals, even if achieved. (I. Goethe) If you want to lead a happy life, you must be attached to a goal, not to people or things. (A. Einstein) You cannot change the direction of the wind, but you can always raise the sails to reach your goal. (O. Wilde)
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Find a goal, resources will be found. (M. Gandhi) If you are heading towards the goal and stop along the road to throw stones at any dog barking at you, you will never reach the goal. (FM Dostoevsky) The weaker and simpler people are best judged by their characters, while the smarter and more secretive people are judged by their goals. (F. Bacon) It's never too late to leave the crowd. Follow your dream, move towards your goal. (B. Shaw) When it seems to you that the goal is unattainable, do not change the goal - change your plan of action. (Confucius) You need to set yourself tasks above your strength: firstly, because you never know them anyway, and secondly, because the strengths appear as you complete an unattainable task. (BL Pasternak) Ask yourself, are you thirsting for this with all the strength of your soul? Will you live until the evening if you don't get this thing? And if you are sure that you will not live, grab her and run. (R. Bradbury) To reach the goal, you must first of all go. (O. de Balzac) A person must have a goal, he does not know how without a goal, for that reason is given to him. If he does not have a goal, he comes up with it ... (A. and B. Strugatsky) If you want to achieve the goal of your aspiration, ask more politely about the road you have gone astray. (W. Shakespeare)
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I understand HOW; I do not understand why. (J. Orwell) If you want to achieve a goal, do not try to be delicate or smart. Use rude tactics. Hit the target immediately. Go back and hit again. Then hit again, with a hard hit from the shoulder. (W. Churchill) No transport will be passing if you don't know where to go. (E.A. Poe) He who strives to the stars does not turn around. (L. da Vinci) Life suffocates without a purpose. (FM Dostoevsky) There are few unattainable things in the world: if we had more persistence, we could find a way to almost any goal. (F. de La Rochefoucauld) Some Jesuits argue that every means is good, just to achieve the goal. Not true! Not true! With feet defiled by the dirt of the road, it is unworthy to enter a clean temple. (I.S. Turgenev) He walks faster, who walks alone. (J. London) Life reaches its heights in those minutes when all its forces are directed to the implementation of the goals set before it. (J. London) High goals, even unfulfilled ones, are dearer to us than low goals, even if achieved. (Goethe) At some second of the way, the target begins to fly at us. The only thought: don't shy away. (MI Tsvetaeva) The intention of a warrior is stronger than any obstacle. (K. Castaneda)
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Only the one in whom the aspirations have faded is lost forever. (A. Rand) It is much better to do great things, celebrate great victories, even if mistakes happen along the way, than to join the ranks ordinary people who know neither great joy nor great misfortune, living a gray life, where there are no victories or defeats. (T. Roosevelt) Without some goal and striving for it, not a single person lives. Having lost the goal and hope, a person from longing often turns into a monster ... (FM Dostoevsky) A person grows as his goals grow. (I. Schiller) If there is no goal, you do nothing, and you don’t do anything great if the goal is insignificant. (D. Diderot) Look for what is higher than what you can find. (D.I. Kharms) Nothing soothes the spirit more than the acquisition of a solid goal - the point to which our inner gaze is directed. (M. Shelley) Happiness lies in the joy of achieving a goal and the thrill of creative endeavor. (F. Roosevelt)
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In many literary works, characters are represented who, deliberately or mistakenly, have chosen unsuitable means to realize their plans. And it often turns out that a good goal serves only as a cover for the true (base) plans. Such characters are opposed by heroes for whom the means of achieving a high goal are inseparable from the requirements of morality. ...
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List of literature to prepare for the final essay. "Aims and means." Jack London "Martin Eden" William Thackeray "Vanity Fair" MA Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita", " dog's heart"I. Ilf, E. Petrov" Twelve chairs "V.A. Kaverin "Two Captains" FM Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment", "The Brothers Karamazov", "Idiot" BL Vasiliev "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" AS Pushkin " Captain's daughter"," Mozart and Salieri "O. Wilde" Portrait of Dorian Gray "I. Goncharov" Oblomov "I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons" L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace" M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" D.S. Likhachev "Letters about the good and the beautiful" A.P. Chekhov "Man in a Case" O. de Balzac "Shagreen Skin" I.А. Bunin "Mister from San Francisco" N.V. Gogol "The Overcoat", "Dead Souls" M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" V.G. Korolenko "The Blind Musician" E.I. Zamyatin "We" V.P. Astafiev "The King of the Fish" B. Polevoy "The Story of a Real Man" A. De Saint-Exupery "The Little Prince"
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According to one version, it was the founder of the Jesuit order, Ignatius de Loyola, who argued: "If the goal is the salvation of the soul, then the end justifies the means." This dictum was the motto of the order and, accordingly, the basis of morality, according to which the Jesuits "corrected the depravity of the means by the purity of the goal." The conviction in the justification of any means in achieving great goals was defended by many politicians (for example, Machiavelli), philosophers. Thus, the English materialist philosopher Thomas Hobbes argued: "Since everyone has the right to self-preservation, then everyone has the right to use all means and perform any deed, without which he is not able to preserve himself." But I.S. Turgenev expressed the exact opposite opinion: “Some Jesuits argue that any means is good, if only to achieve the goal. Not true! Not true! With feet defiled by the dirt of the road, it is unworthy to enter a clean temple. "
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Let's consider the concepts of "goal" and "means" from different angles. 1. Purpose as a fundamental part of human life. About the role and importance of having a goal in a person's life, about its absence, about a person's striving for heights, about achievements and about the goal as an engine of progress, about self-realization, great discoveries that are possible only thanks to the goal, about obstacles on the way to the goal, about the goal as a continuous process, as well as what and who helps a person on the way to his goals. 2. Goals are different (true, false, great, base, unattainable, selfish) You can speculate about the differences between goals and dreams, as well as how the goals of a person are connected with his personality. What does striving for certain goals lead to? 3. Does the end justify the means? Here you can speculate about whether great dishonest goals can be justified, about the importance of human life, on the ways to achieve the goal and on the ethical assessment of the methods and means of achieving the goal.
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AS Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" Why does a person live, what does he strive to devote his life to, what ways does he go to achieve his goal? A.S. Griboyedov tries to illuminate these philosophical questions in the play "Woe from Wit". The goals of the "Famus society" are the achievement of material well-being, a high position, career advancement. In principle, the goals are not bad. Every person who strives to live life interestingly and richly wants to take a worthy place among people. However, the funds chosen by the Famus Society are low. A vivid example of this is A. Molchalin, a man who is ready to do anything for the sake of promotion, money, prosperity. He tries to please everyone, please, flatter, hypocrite. The hero learned well the lessons of his father, who taught his son to please everyone: “ Firstly, to please all people without exception: the Master, where I will live, the Chief, with whom I will serve, His Servant, who cleans the dresses; To a Swiss, a janitor to avoid evil, To a janitor's dog, to be affectionate. " If in order to achieve the goal you need to play the role of a man in love, he also uses this means, deftly deceiving Sophia in the sincerity of his feelings, dreaming of marrying her, becoming related with the influential Famusov. Well, most likely, some means will nevertheless lead him to the desired goal. Chatsky is sure of this, speaking of the hero: "But by the way, he will reach the degrees of the famous, because nowadays they love the wordless ..." Chatsky's goal is to live life with dignity. He wants to serve the Fatherland honestly, without flattery and servility ("... I would be glad to serve, it is sickening to serve ..."), dreams of sincere love, strives to be honest, to have his own position, principles and not to change them, no matter how they contradict society. Yes, his ends and means are noble, but what anger they cause in society! "Woe from Wit" is experienced by Chatsky, not understood by those around him, recognized by them as a madman. But this is exactly how, according to the author, one must live - honestly, with dignity. And the hero is not alone, there are people like him who do not submit to false values. They are not among the characters in the play, but they are mentioned by the heroes of the work. This is Skalozub's cousin (“… he had a firm grip on some new rules. The rank followed him: he suddenly left the service, began to read books in the village”), and the nephew of Princess Tugoukhovskoy, who “does not want to know the ranks! He is a chemist, he is a botanist, Prince Fyodor ... ", and all the advanced youth, representing" the present century ", because it is on her behalf that Chatsky speaks (" Where, indicate to us, fatherland fathers ... ") So not everyone is like Molchalin and others like him. Choosing a worthy goal in life, using appropriate means to achieve it, not making mistakes, not following the path of imaginary values - this is so important to become a person, to be honest with yourself and people. It is to this conclusion that the readers of the play by A.S. Griboyedov come.
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NV Gogol "Dead Souls" "The end justifies the means." These words are so suitable for the hero of N.V. Gogol's poem Chichikov! The goal is clearly set by the hero (it was already indicated in childhood by his father: "most of all, take care of and save a penny: this thing is the safest in the world ...") - wealth, nobility, position in society. Step by step the hero goes to his goal. Already in his school years, he uses certain means to achieve it, is engaged in hoarding: he sells treats to his comrades, a bullfinch, which he has blinded from wax, carefully sews it into bags of 5 kopecks. And later, any shenanigans, if they led to money or promotion, were good for the hero. Let us remember how cleverly he deceived the boss by promising to marry his daughter. But after receiving the next rank, he forgot about it ("... cheated, cheated, damn son!") It seemed that could be worse than selling "dead souls", and Chichikov sells them, not disdaining anything, because this can bring him significant income. Even a secular society, corrupted by the pursuit of money, does not understand the hero, and such a method of profit is alien to him. Chichikov can find an approach to anyone, literally charm the whole society with himself. Entering the confidence of the landowners, he makes illegal transactions. And everything would be fine if it were not for Korobochka, who decided in the city to find out if she had made a bargain when selling dead souls, if not for Nozdryov with his directness, who publicly asked how things were going with the purchase of these souls. This time the scam failed. But the hero still has so many opportunities ahead, and who knows, maybe he will succeed in another dubious undertaking. Of course, the author hoped that the person could change. It is no coincidence that he wrote the 2nd volume, in which he showed good characters. But N. Gogol himself realized that the heroes turned out to be too unreal, that it is very difficult to get rid of their vices in people, so he burned this volume. The desire to be rich is always inherent in people. This goal is well understood. But does a person always use worthy means? Doesn't he stoop to baseness, lawlessness, injustice? Everyone should think about this when determining the means to achieve their goals in order to be a respected and worthy person in society.
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FM Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" A person sets goals in his life all the time - from small, daily to vital, which constitute the essence of everything he does. It is good if these goals bring joy, success, good luck not only to a person, but also to those around him. If they are selfish, then everyone suffers, and first of all the person himself. So the hero of the novel by FM Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment" Rodion Raskolnikov also sets a goal - to check himself, who he is - "is it a trembling creature" or "has the right". What "right" is the hero talking about in his theory? On the right of an individual to commit a crime for the sake of great goals, for the salvation of mankind. Reflecting on "extraordinary people", he believes that they can "... allow their conscience to step over ... other obstacles, and only if the implementation of an idea (sometimes salutary, perhaps for all of humanity) requires it." And here all means are good - right up to the murder, which he commits by killing Alena Ivanovna, the old woman-pawnbroker. However, the crime is scary because it pulls something else - the death of the pawnbroker's sister - Lizaveta, for the sake of whom, it seemed, the hero committed murder, trying to save her and others from this disgusting woman. But the idea, the theory of Raskolnikov arises in his mind only under the weight of the hopelessness of his personal position and the position of Dunya, a sister who wants to marry the unloved Luzhin for her brother's sake. That is, the idea of salvation of humanity turns out to be, in essence, the idea of salvation of oneself. Having committed a crime, the hero realized that he had fenced himself off from people, found himself "on the other side of good and evil." It will take a long time for Raskolnikov to fully realize the enormity of his theory, when Sonya's love will revive him to life. Reading the novel, everyone draws conclusions about what is important in this life, what to strive for, what goals to set and how to achieve this, how to get out of difficult life situations. Only life according to the laws of goodness and justice can help a person overcome everything. Evil, cruelty, murder - this will always lead to the abyss, make a person unhappy.
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Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace" The character of a person is formed all his life. Sometimes some goals and values are replaced by others. Much depends on the environment, on changes both in the life of the person himself and the entire country, the people. The hero of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" Andrei Bolkonsky is constantly in search of his place in life. The author shows how his goals changed, the means he used to achieve them. At the beginning of the novel, the hero dreams of glory, goes to war with Napoleon in order to find his "Toulon", that is, the starting point that will initiate his fame (“I want glory, I want to be famous people , I want to be loved by them ”). However, the war showed the insignificance of his dreams. Seeing the huge sky, clouds floating on it, he realized that he had to live according to the laws of nature, that all his goals were so base and worthless. Meeting with Natasha in Otradnoye, overhearing her words about the beauty of the night, in which there is so much desire to live with full breast - all this influenced Andrey. He wanted to be useful to people, to be useful to them (“... it is necessary that everyone knows me, so that my life does not go on for me alone ... that it be reflected on everyone and that they all live with me). He thinks over the means for this, entering the legislative commission of A. Speransky. At the end of the novel, this is a completely different person who understood that a person is happy, living a single life with the people, the Fatherland, contributing to great things. And he also realized that he had to be able to forgive, because it was precisely the fact that he had not been able to understand and forgive Natasha once that deprived him of the love of such a woman! Before his death, Andrei understood this, "... that patient love for people, which his sister taught him, was revealed to him!" The author makes his readers think about many things, and above all about how to live on this earth, what kind of person to be. Favorite heroes of L. Tolstoy seem to suggest answers to these questions. Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace" The character of a person is formed all his life. Sometimes some goals and values are replaced by others. Much depends on the environment, on changes both in the life of the person himself and the entire country, the people. The hero of Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" Andrei Bolkonsky is constantly in search of his place in life. The author shows how his goals changed, the means he used to achieve them. At the beginning of the novel, the hero dreams of fame, goes to war with Napoleon in order to find his "Toulon", that is, the starting point that will lay the foundation for his fame ("I want fame, I want to be famous to people, I want to be loved by them"). However, the war showed the insignificance of his dreams. Seeing the huge sky, clouds floating on it, he realized that he had to live according to the laws of nature, that all his goals were so base and worthless. Meeting with Natasha in Otradnoye, overhearing her words about the beauty of the night, in which there is so much desire to live with full breast - all this influenced Andrey. He wanted to be useful to people, to be useful to them (“... it is necessary that everyone knows me, so that my life does not go on for me alone ... that it be reflected on everyone and that they all live with me). He thinks over the means for this, entering the legislative commission of A. Speransky. At the end of the novel, this is a completely different person who understood that a person is happy, living a single life with the people, the Fatherland, contributing to great things. And he also realized that he had to be able to forgive, because it was precisely the fact that he had not been able to understand and forgive Natasha once that deprived him of the love of such a woman! Before his death, Andrei understood this, "... that patient love for people, which his sister taught him, was revealed to him!" The author makes his readers think about many things, and above all about how to live on this earth, what kind of person to be. Favorite heroes of L. Tolstoy seem to suggest answers to these questions.
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M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of a Man" In captivity of the Nazis, Andrei Sokolov, the hero of the story, rescues a platoon commander whom he does not know. The commander wants to give the Germans Kryzhnev, the same as Sokolov himself, an ordinary soldier, for whom the former "comrades remained behind the front line, and his shirt is closer to his body," and Andrei is forced to strangle the traitor, after which he "terribly wanted to wash his hands, as if man, and strangled some creeping bastard ... For the first time in his life he killed, and then his own ... ". So the killing of one person became a means of salvation for another. Andrei Sokolov considered that the end justifies the means in this case, but this decision was not at all easy for him. This means that it seems impossible to give a clear answer in a dispute about ends and means.
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A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin", "Dubrovsky" The heroines of the works of A.S. Pushkin. Tatiana Larina, even when she got married, did not forget her love for Onegin. But, in her opinion, to achieve personal happiness through betrayal, betrayal, suffering loved one it is impossible: I love you (why dissemble?), but I am given to another; I will be faithful to him forever. This is the conviction of the heroine of another novel: Masha, who is in love with Dubrovsky and forcibly married to another, refuses personal happiness, because it is possible only through refusal of her word, from the oath of allegiance: “It's too late - I'm married, I'm the wife of Prince Vereisky ... I agreed , I took an oath ... "For both heroines, sincerely and deeply in love, the impossibility of using such a means as betrayal, even for reunification with a loved one, is obvious.
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So, in the comedy by Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" the author shows how Molchalin stubbornly and persistently achieves his goal, using impartial means for this. The hero, striving to achieve the goal, begins to perform actions. But what ?! To do this, he cleverly uses the daughter of Famusov Sophia, pretending to be in love with her. For the sake of Famusov, who invited Molchalin from Tver to his service, not to fire him from the office, so that Molchalin could stay in Moscow, the hero deceives Sophia in every possible way. He plays scenes of love, while at the same time he sympathizes with the servant Lisa. In one of the actions, Molchalin falls from the horse in order to cause a certain reaction from Sophia. The scene of the fall from the horse is direct evidence of Molchalin's moral fall. The fall is sheer meanness. This does not in any way correspond to the norms of morality. But this is how the hero gets his way!
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Also, the eternal question of the ratio of ends and means is touched upon in the dystopian novel Brave New World by Aldous Huxley. The story is told in the distant future, a "happy" society appears before the eyes of the reader. All spheres of life are mechanized, a person does not experience any more suffering or pain, all problems can be settled by taking a drug called "soma". The whole life of people is aimed at obtaining pleasure, they are no longer tormented by the torment of choice, their life is a foregone conclusion. The concept of a father and a mother does not exist, since children are raised in special laboratories, excluding the danger of improper development. Thanks to technology, old age has been defeated, people are dying young and beautiful. Even death they meet cheerfully, watching TV, having fun and taking soma. All people in the state are happy. However, further we see the other side of such a life. This happiness turns out to be primitive, since in such a society strong feelings are prohibited, ties between people are destroyed. Standardization is the watchword of life. Art, religion, genuine science are repressed and forgotten. The failure of the theory of universal happiness is proved by heroes such as Bernard Marx, Gulmholtz Watson, John, who could not find a place in society, because they realized their individuality. This novel confirms the following idea: even this important goal, as universal happiness, cannot be justified by such terrible methods as standardization, depriving a person of love, family. Therefore, we can say for sure that the path that leads to happiness is also very important.
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Much of the world's trouble stems from people not understanding their goals accurately.
True goals… What is it? As a rule, each of us has certain goals that we strive to achieve. But have you ever wondered if these are really yours? true goals or, perhaps, you are wasting years of your life and your energy on achieving goals that you do not need at all. Seems strange. But don't jump to conclusions. Let's think about it.
If we “go over” our biography, we will see that in most cases we moved according to a given pattern: kindergarten, school, university, work, family, children, work, etc. We acted according to a pre-worked out plan and, unfortunately, basically aimed at goals imposed on us from outside. These goals were set before us by our parents, teachers, bosses: to study well, not to be late, to get higher education, submit the quarterly report on time ... our guidelines in life have almost always been the goals “proposed” by the social environment. Living by someone else's landmarks is quite simple, but there is one "but" - it is meaningless. This is inertial motion. Everyone is an engineer, and I am there too; everyone goes to doctors, and I go with them. I'll come somewhere. You will definitely come somewhere. Only where they wanted? More likely no than yes. It is not surprising that, following the standard route, people come to standard results: like everyone else - which means nothing at all!
If you look around, you realize that you can run in any direction, but this is stupid. You need to decide on your personal direction.
Isn't it time to think about true goals? True goals follow from your purpose, and therefore are unique and inimitable. Neither your parents, nor your boss, nor even your friends will be able to determine your true goals... There is only one person who knows you best - yourself.
True goals are like a personal pole star that guides you in the right direction.
The most great attention any man pays for his social status - building a good business or career, and solving sex issues - sleeping with as many women as possible or starting a family. This is a very simplified description of men's motivations, but it cannot be denied that most guys' thoughts wander around these goals. The question arises - how to achieve this?
Instinctive goals seem to be the same for everyone, but the world is so diverse that there are a lot of ways to achieve high status in society. You need to find your own unique path, intended only for you. How to do it? This is not a recipe, a ready-made sequence of actions, step by step instructions... The only way to find your own is to learn to trust yourself.
There are your personal, real goals, and there are goals that the environment imposes on you. For example, many want to be no worse than others. For comparison, the current generally accepted stereotype of a successful man is selected. And then there are attempts to fit oneself to this image. For imitation, external manifestations of coolness are more often chosen, since their manifestations are easiest to imitate. There is a desire to make of yourself something to whom the "cool" girls will give. To do this, you need to pump up, earn a lot, buy expensive clothes. It seems that you need to have your own business, that you need not a vehicle, but a cool car. Exactly cool, so that others would think - "cool man!". You need a “cool” girl, not the one you personally like, but one so that everyone around says - “What a woman is with him! Cool man!".
All these are false goals imposed by modern fashion on businessmen, bankers, officials, stars. When you follow a false target, you fail.
In fact, there are not many people for whom constant public shine and a beautiful life is the true goal. Basically, these are individuals with a hysterical type. This is their character's way of expressing themselves, which is why they achieve success. You look at them and accept them as a standard, their way of life - for the highest happiness.
What are your real goals - no one will tell you. Only you, if you learn to trust yourself and get rid of the pressure of stereotypes, will be able to answer this question. Only self-observation and self-examination gives a chance to understand in what area you can succeed. Maybe you have excellent organizational skills, know how to motivate people and will be able to organize your business? Maybe you can become a great middle manager and be happy about it? Maybe someone is ideal for private practice - to do massage or read the palm of your hand?
Almost every activity can be tailored to fit a business. Not every business brings millions, but it can bring you satisfaction. You need to find your place and fit into this world in accordance with your abilities. You need to realize your predispositions. This will make you much happier than chasing false goals. Maybe it's more suitable for you to do simple manual labor, but you are bursting to do show business, because you watched a lot of TV and think it's cool.
If being a plumber suits you, it's better to go fixing pipes. At least it will be interesting for you to do this. It will also be interesting to think about how to become the highest paid plumber. Maybe later, you will establish a public organization, a festival of plumbers, where the best in the profession will be presented with awards, and you yourself will become the chairman of the commission. Any activity can be used to make something interesting. The main thing is that you personally are pinned.
When you do interesting work, you are presented with opportunities that only you can see. Cool ideas come up on how else to improve the provision of plumbing services. Intuition only works for your true goals. Think about what pins you to do. Everyone's potential is different, you shouldn't miss the stars from the sky. Be who you are.
One of the reasons that people fail to achieve success in life, in those cases in which they want to achieve it, is their misconception about what exactly should be done for this. Following false goals, people often waste their strength, their talent, their magnificent natural abilities practically in vain, often even harming themselves. The importance of this particular reason for each person is different and depends on his individual qualities, because there are people who know what and how they should do, but do not do it, since laziness or fear prevents them from moving in the right way. So, of course, the falsity of goals as a problem is not relevant for everyone, there is also the problem of laziness. On the other hand, if you delve into a person's head more thoroughly, then there will be a calculation error in everything, because it is incredibly difficult to see the world in his real picture; even great geniuses were often very much mistaken, drawing conclusions according to algorithms known only to them.
It is difficult for me to argue about how much the wrong idea of life and the wrong setting of priorities in it depend on the social environment in which each of us lives, that is, it is obvious that society affects our perception of the world, but can a person be adequate, in general without the influence of people, that's another question. And since I do not want to engage in theoretical calculations, we only need practical conclusions, we will postpone this issue with you; in the end, for the most part, being outcasts does not shine for us, and therefore, we will be guided by the society that surrounds us. It is society that influences what goals we will follow, and everything, of course, starts from childhood: it’s not that in childhood a child under the influence of adults has a kind of destruction in his head, destroying his picture of the world, it’s just can be portrayed as very different from the reality in which he lives.
Actually, children do not even have any ideas about this world - neither from the correct nor from the wrong point of view; they begin to make analysis and conclusions gradually, looking for contradictions in the words of adults, finding confirmation of their mistakes. Of course, a person's life cannot do without mistakes, but it is one thing to make mistakes on the way to a correct goal, and quite another thing to do them, moving towards a false goal; the process itself is a mistake, in that case. The most basic mistake of every person, including the great geniuses, whose authority for me personally does not matter at all, is their denial of what is and condemnation of what is. People are afraid of what they cannot explain, and often many do not even try to find this very explanation, believing that it is not they who are mistaken in their conclusions, but the reality that they observe has, meanwhile, an unnatural version of origin ...
Let's say you were taught from childhood to live in peace and harmony with other people, and as you contact with these people, you are often convinced that these are not creatures with whom you can live in this way; that they do not need your world, that they will not agree with everything and agree with you, even if all the facts are on the face. And to scold people for non-compliance with the requirements that you present to them is absolutely pointless, because you yourself may not be the kind of person who sits in the heads of other people, as an example of the right person. Well, how, in this case, to build your plans for life, how to move towards goals, which in one way or another are based on interaction with other people? This can be done, perhaps, on conditions that are unfavorable for oneself.
It's not just childhood that people set false goals. Of course, an adult can also be brainwashed, especially one who is confused and lost in himself, who does not see the reasons for his weakness and who needs more comfort than a cold bucket of water that would sober him up. Once a friend of mine decided to start an argument with me, proving to me that a person should know one thing, but know it well; that he must be a good specialist in something specific. The dispute, of course, did not work out, because there is no point in proving something to a person whose lifestyle leaves much to be desired, like his personal life and financial situation. Although I asked him one question, to which I asked him not to give an answer quickly: I asked him who needs it for a person to be a specialist in a particular field, so that a person has a narrow idea of this world, and how much does a person need?
I didn’t wait for an answer from him, but I didn’t need him to understand the falsity of those goals that sit in a person’s head, which, perhaps, do not prevent him from feeling comfortable, even despite his not entirely successful life. Success in the business in which you want to achieve it will depend not only on how correctly you do everything, but also on how much the business in which you are going to succeed is really important to you and, in general, you need to you. As an example of senseless success, I can cite a situation from my own life, in which at one time I had to work for hire and I wanted to be successful in my job. I was able to do this, because most of the activities are somehow connected with contacts with other people, and I did it very well with my knowledge of psychology, having very high results in my work.
Fortunately, my first bosses were very narrow-minded and frankly stupid, and instead of encouraging a young person trying to work for a result, they, this bosses, constantly scolded me and were always dissatisfied with something. At that moment, I began to realize that my goals are fundamentally wrong, that the result of my efforts goes into the pockets of other people, and they do not even thank me for this, trying, on the contrary, to squeeze even more life juices out of me. And of course, I heard completely different speeches, almost pleading to stay when I applied for dismissal, but I already knew perfectly well that my talent, my strength should be directed to other goals, to those goals that are beneficial, first of all, to me. I worked for both bad and good employers, in the usual sense of these two meanings, because in fact the opposite is true, and I realized this in the short period of time when I was employed.
A good employer is not the one, my friends, who creates ideal working conditions for you, who pays you good wages, who praises you and promotes you, but the one who yells at you, who lowers your wages, who fires you altogether. After all, good (in quotes) employers essentially limit you. Yes, they recognize your diligence, they appreciate it, but this is the diligence that you spend on them, while for success in life it is important to try, first of all, for yourself; it is important to make your dreams come true, not others'. It sounds selfish, but this is objectivity, this is sobriety of thinking - after all, doing something in this life, we, one way or another, pursue our own interests. So why pursue them through the mediation of others' goals, why not find a direct path to what you need? This will relieve you of unnecessary illusions; in any case, from the variety of life paths that looms in front of you throughout your life.
At one time, society strove for equality, but actually there are utopians who believe in this even now; also there were and are people who believe in change, the result of which will be a more intelligent society, not waging wars, not wanting what violates the interests of other people. You know friends, I am not against all this, but psychology differs from all kinds of teachings and beliefs that it deals with facts, and, like science, cannot rely on the possible. Everything is possible, but so far we have something with which we must be able to cope; learn to move towards natural goals, real, correct, those that will make your life better in this world, which is, and not which can be. You see how the rich live and successful people very rich; those people who have power, not because they have a lot of money, but because they control your ideas, your goals; and money is also an idea that works for those who came up with it.
What is needed in order to have everything, to have power, money for which you can buy a lot, in order to have power, in the end, thanks to money and power? And most importantly, what is needed in order to control the thoughts of other people, in order to ask them such ideas that they will happily bring to life, and you will be almost a god for them? This, friends, must be learned; you don't need to ask me where and from whom, you must, first of all, understand that you need it, if, of course, you really need it: after all, if you want to be the best locksmith in the world, or, say, be a really cool musician, then you shouldn't bother with such things - they are for more purposeful people. Only on this site I post truly unique information for those who want to become a person of status and have power, and this is not only because I know psychology well, but also because I know well people who have this status and power. ...
Of course, this is a matter of your choice, since success is relative to your idea of it that you keep in your head. No matter how false your goal is, whatever you want to achieve, if it is achieved, it is undoubtedly a success, but how satisfied you will be with this success is another question. The falsity of your goal in life determines exactly your satisfaction from achieving it and what it gives you after that. I argue about false goals based on my life experience, and to a greater extent - from the experience of working as a psychologist, through which a lot of people have gone. At the same time, based on the individuality of everyone who reads this text, it is possible to make a completely logical assumption that for many of you, dear friends, the realistic goals will be somewhat different from the parameters I define.
Perhaps some of you in life will not achieve anything at all, and not because someone is simply unlucky, but because many do not want to achieve anything. Well, this is also success, the success of the choice that each of us makes, and the goals that we set ourselves. And if you are satisfied with your life and what you have in it, I cannot claim that you had and have wrong goals: only you yourself, friends, can do this. Think about what you really want and compare it with what you are doing, just as do not forget to think about how close what you have been taught and taught by other people is to what you really are. want to.
