CATEGORY VALUE

A generalized meaning superimposed on a specific lexical meaning of a word: for nouns - the meaning of objectivity, for adjectives - the meaning of a sign, property, quality, for verbs - the meaning of a process, action, state, etc.

Dictionary linguistic terms. 2012

See also interpretations, synonyms, word meanings and what is CATEGORY VALUE in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

  • MEANING in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  • MEANING in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
    content associated with a particular expression (word, sentence, sign, etc.) of a certain language. Z. of linguistic expressions is studied in linguistics, ...
  • MEANING in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  • MEANING in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
    content associated with a particular expression (word, sentence, sign, etc.) of a certain language. The meaning of linguistic expressions is studied in linguistics, ...
  • MEANING in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
    , -i, cf. 1. Meaning, what this phenomenon, concept, object means, denotes. 3. look, gesture. Determine h. words. Lexical…
  • MEANING
    LEXICAL MEANING, the semantic content of the word, reflecting and fixing in the mind the idea of ​​an object, property, process, phenomenon and ...
  • MEANING in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
    SIGNIFICANCE, importance, significance, the role of an object, phenomenon, action in human activity. The content associated with a particular expression (word, sentence, sign ...
  • MEANING in the Full accentuated paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
    value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, value, ...
  • MEANING in the Popular Explanatory-Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Language:
    -I'm with. 1) Meaning, content of something. Gesture value. Meaning of the word. She is disturbed by dreams. Not knowing how to understand it, the dreams of a terrible ...
  • MEANING in the Thesaurus of Russian business vocabulary:
  • MEANING in the Russian Thesaurus:
    1. Syn: significance, significance, importance, role Ant: insignificance, unimportance, secondary importance 2. Syn: ...
  • MEANING in the Dictionary of synonyms of Abramov:
    meaning, mind; weight, importance, authority, dignity, strength, value. Real, figurative, direct, own, strict, figurative, literal, broad sense of the word. "This girl...
  • MEANING in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language:
    Syn: significance, significance, importance, role Ant: insignificance, unimportance, secondary Syn: ...
  • MEANING in the New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language Efremova:
    cf. 1) What does someone mean. or something; meaning. 2) Importance, significance, purpose. 3) Influence, ...
  • MEANING in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Lopatin:
    value, ...
  • MEANING in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language:
    meaning, …
  • MEANING in the Spelling Dictionary:
    value, ...
  • MEANING in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Ozhegov:
    meaning, what a given phenomenon, concept, object means, denotes the Z. of a look, gesture. Determine h. words. Lexical words (meaning...
  • MEANING in Modern explanatory dictionary, TSB:
    1) importance, significance, the role of an object, phenomenon, action in human activity. 2) The content associated with a particular expression (words, sentences, ...
  • MEANING in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Ushakov:
    values, cf. (book). 1. Meaning, what the given object (Word, gesture, sign) means. The word "knowledge" has several meanings. The word sick...
  • MEANING in the Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova:
    value cf. 1) What does someone mean. or something; meaning. 2) Importance, significance, purpose. 3) Influence, ...
  • MEANING in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language Efremova:
    cf. 1. What someone or something means; meaning. 2. Importance, significance, purpose. 3. Influence, ...
  • MEANING in the Big Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
    I cf. Possessing the property to express, to mean something, to have any meaning. II cf. 1. Importance, significance. 2. Influence, ...
  • TELEOLOGY
    (Greek telos - completion, goal; teleos - reached the goal and logos - teaching) - the doctrine of expediency as a characteristic of individual ...
  • FREE WILL in the Newest Philosophical Dictionary:
    a person's ability to self-determination in their actions. In the contest of early Greek culture, the concept of S. V. emphasizes not so much the philosophical and categorical as ...
  • HARTMANN in the Newest Philosophical Dictionary:
    (Hartmann) Nicholas (1882-1950) - German philosopher. Was born in Riga. Studied at Petersburg University. After the events of 1905 in Russia, he moved to ...
  • in the Dictionary of Postmodernism:
    ("Totalité et Infini. Essai sur l"Extériorité", 1961) is a monograph of Levinas' doctoral dissertation, published in The Hague. The publication of this book ...
  • METALANGUAGE in the Dictionary of Postmodernism:
    - 1) in classical philosophy: a concept that fixes the logical tools of reflection on the phenomena of the semiotic series, 2) in the philosophy of postmodernism: a term that expresses ...
  • GRAMMATOLOGY in the Dictionary of Postmodernism:
    - traditionally - the field of linguistics, which establishes and studies the relationship between the letters of the alphabet and the sounds of speech. G. as a branch of linguistics ...

The meaning of the process (processuality), characteristic of the verb, regardless of its lexical meaning: actions(run, drink) states(love, sleep) relationship(include, possess) are presented in verbs as a process taking place in time.

  • - kind of verb is a grammatical category that unites all verb forms. The general meaning of the verb form is the realization of an event in time ...

    Literary Encyclopedia

  • - verb tense is an inflectional category of conjugated forms of the verb in the indicative mood...

    Literary Encyclopedia

  • - the grammatical category of the Verb in many languages, which generally reflects certain types of action flow ...

    Great Soviet Encyclopedia

  • Terms and concepts of linguistics: Vocabulary. Lexicology. Phraseology. Lexicography

  • - A verbal category that shows the nature of the flow of action in time, expressing the relationship of the action to its internal limit. The aspect category is inherent in all verbs of the Russian language in any of their forms ...
  • - A verbal category that expresses the relation of the action to the moment of speech, which is taken as a starting point. see future tense, present tense, past tense. see also absolute time, relative time...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms

  • - A verbal category denoting various relationships between the subject and the object of the action, which are expressed in the forms of the verb ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms

  • - A generalized meaning superimposed on a specific lexical meaning of a word: nouns have the meaning of objectivity, adjectives have the meaning of a sign, property, quality, verbs have a meaning ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms

  • - A verbal category expressing the relation of the action and its subject to the speaking person. The subject of the action can be the speaker himself, his interlocutor, or a person not participating in the speech ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms

  • - The grammatical category of the verb, denoting special properties, the nature of the course of this process, i.e. in its relation to internal limit, result, duration, repetition, etc. In russian language...
  • - A grammatical category that correlates the action with the moment of speech. This ratio can be broken in different styles...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - Significance value. For example: evening bells - the adjective evening denotes a non-procedural attribute of an object - this is its categorical meaning ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - Significance of the sign: quietly breathes. In some cases, the adverb denotes a sign of an object: pilaf in Uzbek ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - The meaning of objectivity, which is modified in different ways: 1) the names of specific objects of the living and non-living world: a pen, a student, a mountain; 2) names of plants: rose, willow, poplar; 3) names of substances: oil, oxygen...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - The meaning characteristic of present tense and imperfective verbs used in combination with adverbs always, usually in the evenings. For example: The train to Moscow usually leaves in the evening...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - An inflectional category characteristic of the verb forms of the present. and future...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

5. declension of the verb "to steal"

From the book The Emerald Plumage of Garuda (Indonesia, notes) author Bychkov Stanislav Viktorovich

5. Declension of the VERB "STEAL" Cornelis de Houtman, a Dutchman by birth, an adventurer by nature, lived in Lisbon for many years. He took up trade, was hired on ships, labored in the field of usury, but all the time he waited for the very hour that, he believed, would turn him around.

Concerning the verb "to lie".

From the book Creatives of Stary Semyon the author

Concerning the verb "to lie". Many people remember the scene from "We'll Live Until Monday", the dialogue of the hero V. Tikhonov with a young teacher who complains about disobedient students: - I tell them not to lie, but they lie! The teacher was played by actress Nina Emelyanova, who recently left

THREE FORMS OF THE VERB TO BE

From the author's book

THREE FORMS OF THE VERB TO BE Fyodor Mikhailovich Zyavkin sat at the table, his hands folded in front of him, with his usual firm, calm expression on his face, and only by the way he occasionally squinted his eyes and his lips almost imperceptibly twitched, Kalita guessed with what

Stages of the Solar Verb

From the book Divine Evolution. From Sphinx to Christ author Shure Edward

Stages of the Solar Verb Brahmin religion and civilization represent the first stage of post-Atlantic humanity. This stage is briefly summarized as follows: the conquest divine world original wisdom. The great subsequent civilizations of Persia, Chaldea, Egypt, Greece and

3. VERB THEORY

From the book Words and Things [Archaeology humanities] author Foucault Michel

3. THE THEORY OF THE VERB In language, a sentence is what representation is in thought: its form is at the same time the most general and the most elementary, because as soon as it is divided, it is no longer discourse that is revealed, but its elements in a disjointed form. Below are the offers

No. 39: Voice of the Verb

From the book 50 Writing Techniques author Clark Roy Peter

No. 39: Voice of the Verb Choose between active and passive voice depending on the meaning. Golden rule for writers: "Use active verbs." This phrase is repeated countless times in all seminars with such persuasiveness that it should

XL. Use of verb forms

From the book Spelling and Style Guide author Rosenthal Ditmar Elyashevich

XL. The use of verb forms § 171. Formation of some personal forms 1. Verbs to conquer, convince, find oneself, feel, kink and some others belonging to the so-called insufficient verbs (that is, verbs limited in the formation or use of personal forms),

XL. USE OF VERB FORMS

From the book A Guide to Spelling, Pronunciation, Literary Editing author Rosenthal Ditmar Elyashevich

XL. USE OF VERB FORMS § 173. Formation of some personal forms

Verb type

From the book Great Soviet Encyclopedia (VI) of the author TSB

6.42. Meaning, morphological features and syntactic functions of the verb

author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.42. Meaning, morphological features and syntactic functions of the verb A verb is a part of speech denoting an action or state of an object as a process. When they say that a verb denotes an action, they mean not only mechanical movement (walks, runs), but also

6.44. The indefinite form of the verb, its meaning, formation and syntactic use

From the book Modern Russian. Practical guide author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.44. indefinite form verb, its meaning, formation and syntactic use By origin, the infinitive is a dative form - the local case of the singular of a verbal noun, which subsequently lost the rest case forms And

6.45. The concept of verb classes

From the book Modern Russian. Practical guide author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.45. The concept of verb classes According to the ratio of the stems of the infinitive and the present tense, verbs are divided into several classes. A class is a group of verbs that have the same infinitive and present stems. The concept of a class allows us to more economically characterize

II. The history of the verb "shuffle"

From the book Notes on Russian Literature author Dostoevsky Fyodor Mikhailovich

II. The history of the verb "shuffle"<…>In our literature there is one word: "to be in the dark", used by everyone, although it was not born yesterday, but it is also quite recent, existing for no more than three decades; under Pushkin, it was not known at all and was not used by anyone.

14. Categorical interaction of the national idea and the people

From the book Analysis of the Chechen Crisis author Meilanov Vazif Sirazhutdinovich

14. Categorical interaction of the national idea and the people “Gamsakhurdia opened the account of national leaders, atamans, Fuhrers on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The national idea inevitably leads to leaderism: "One nation - one party (one movement) - one Fuhrer," he said.

Descendants of the Russian verb

From the book Literary Gazette 6440 (No. 47 2013) author Literary Newspaper

Descendants of the Russian verb A wonderful idea of ​​the descendants and heirs of great writers to convene a Russian Literary Assembly to discuss the problems of actively including cultural heritage in the context of life and work modern man finds deep and

Objectivity value, which is modified in different ways:

1) names of specific objects of the living and non-living world: pen, student, mountain;

2) plant names: rose, willow, poplar;

3) names of substances: oil, oxygen;

4) geographical names: Magas, Grozny;

5) qualities in abstraction from carriers: blue, green;

6) actions, processes in abstraction from action producers: thinking, jump.

  • - 1) importance, significance, the role of an object, phenomenon, action in human activity. 2) Content associated with this or that expression of a certain language. 3...

    Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

  • - 1) the content associated with one or another expression of a certain language. Each spoken word makes it possible to judge what the speaker means, that is, what the given word means ...

    Beginnings modern natural science

  • - one of the main elements of culture, along with the custom-norm, value and meaning...

    Encyclopedia of cultural studies

  • - MEANING, SIGNIFICANT, SIGNIFIED Franz. signification, signifiant, SIGNIFIE. The basic concepts of modern linguistics to describe the sign were substantiated by the classic of this science F. de Saussure ...

    Postmodernism. Glossary of terms

  • - a generalized form of capturing by the subject of socio-historical experience acquired in the process joint activities and communication and existing in the form of concepts, objectified in schemes of action, ...

    Great Psychological Encyclopedia

  • - a generalized form of reflection by an individual of socio-historical experience, captured in action schemes - , concepts - , social roles norms and values...

    Psychological Dictionary

  • - see MEANING AND ...

    The latest philosophical dictionary

  • - MEANING and concepts that define different forms of implementation of the main linguistic connection ‘sign - signified’ in the processes of understanding and in the language system. The content of these concepts in logic, linguistics and semiotics is different...

    History of philosophy

  • - A generalized meaning superimposed on a specific lexical meaning of a word: nouns have the meaning of objectivity, adjectives have the meaning of a sign, property, quality, verbs have a meaning ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms

  • - The meaning of the process inherent in the verb, regardless of its lexical meaning: actions, states, relationships are presented in verbs as a process that takes place in time ...
  • - Significance value. For example: evening bells - the adjective evening denotes a non-procedural attribute of an object - this is its categorical meaning ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - Significance of the sign: quietly breathes. In some cases, the adverb denotes a sign of an object: pilaf in Uzbek ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - Usually it is a form of the nominative case, singular. For nouns, pluralia tantum is the nominative plural form: sleigh, cream...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - 1) word form in the text; 2) part of speech; categorical meaning of a noun; 3) the initial form of the noun; question to the initial form of a noun; a question about the word form in the text ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

  • - adj., number of synonyms: 1 denominative ...

    Synonym dictionary

  • - In school and university grammars, six cases are distinguished, each of which is not only polysemantic, but is used in singular. and pl. Case is an inflectional category of a name expressing it ...

    Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

1. Household, or vernacular, meaning and special meaning

From the book Results of Millennium Development, Vol. I-II author Losev Alexey Fyodorovich

1. Everyday, or colloquial, meaning and special meaning It must be borne in mind that before the word "cosmos" began to be specially used in the meaning of "world", it was quite often used in a purely everyday sense. During this early classical period, it was said

Meaning

From the book of mythology author Bart Rolan

Meaning We remember that in semiology the third element of a system is nothing but the association of the first two. Only it is given to us as something self-sufficiently complete, only it is real and assimilated by us. I called this element value. As we can see, the meaning is the myth itself,

Meaning

From the book Osho Library: Traveler's Parables author Rajneesh Bhagwan Shri

Meaning A lover of deciphering the meaning of letter abbreviations came to see his teacher and with great pride told him about his search. The teacher said: - Good! Go home and meditate on the hidden meaning of the letters EBNINS. The man tried for a long time to figure out what it means

Its meaning

author

Its Significance All this data has a great historical value; but they belong more to the history of our country than to the history of our people. Science is not yet able to catch the direct historical connection of these Asian visitors to southern Rus' with the Slavic population,

Their meaning

From the book Course of Russian History (Lectures I-XXXII) author Klyuchevsky Vasily Osipovich

Their meaning in these strife novgorod veche took on a meaning that it did not have in the normal course of affairs. In the usual manner, it legislated and partly supervised the course of administration and court, replaced elected dignitaries, with whom it was dissatisfied; in the land

Its meaning

From the book Course of Russian History (Lectures LXII-LXXXVI) author Klyuchevsky Vasily Osipovich

Its Importance It is easy to see what significance all these laws could have had. Until now, among the nobility, the view of serfs as a simple private property of the owner, along with land, working equipment, etc., has dominated. Thought what is

3.8. Breeding, its tasks and practical significance. The teachings of N.I. Vavilov about the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants. The law of homologous series in hereditary variability. Methods for breeding new varieties of plants, animal breeds, strains of microorganisms. Importance of genetics for breeding

From the book Biology [ Complete reference to prepare for the exam] author Lerner Georgy Isaakovich

3.8. Breeding, its tasks and practical significance. The teachings of N.I. Vavilov about the centers of diversity and origin of cultivated plants. The law of homologous series in hereditary variability. Methods for breeding new varieties of plants, animal breeds, strains of microorganisms.

6.5. The meaning of a noun, its morphological features and syntactic functions

author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.5. The meaning of a noun, its morphological features and syntactic functions A noun is a part of speech that combines words with the grammatical meaning of objectivity, which is expressed using independent categories of gender, number, case,

6.9. Number category of a noun

From the book Modern Russian. Practical guide author Guseva Tamara Ivanovna

6.9. The category of the number of a noun The category of the number of nouns is a lexical and grammatical inflectional category, which finds its expression in the opposition of the correlative forms of the singular and plural: student - students,

1.6. The essence, main features and meaning of the civil procedural form: the concept, features, meaning and consequences of its violation

From the book Civil Procedure author Chernikova Olga Sergeevna

1.6. The essence, main features and meaning of the civil procedural form: the concept, features, meaning and consequences of its violation The civil procedural form is statutory optimal procedure for the administration of justice in civil cases,

2. The historical significance of Roman law. The Importance of Roman Law for Modern Jurisprudence

From the book Roman Law: Cheat Sheet author author unknown

2. Historical meaning Roman law. Significance of Roman law for modern jurisprudence After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Roman law was no longer used even in Rome, but it continued to be used in the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantium). barbarian

2. The concept of the dictionary form of a noun

From book Latin language for physicians: lecture notes the author Shtun A I

2. The concept of the dictionary form of a noun Nouns are given in the dictionary and memorized in a dictionary form, which contains three components: 1) the form of the word in it. p. units h .; 2) the end of the genus. p. units h .; 3) the designation of the gender - male, female or middle (abbreviated as one

14. Categorical interaction of the national idea and the people

From the book Analysis of the Chechen Crisis author Meilanov Vazif Sirazhutdinovich

14. Categorical interaction of the national idea and the people “Gamsakhurdia opened the account of national leaders, atamans, Fuhrers on the territory of the former Soviet Union. The national idea inevitably leads to leaderism: "One nation - one party (one movement) - one Fuhrer," he said.

§ 6. The importance and significance of dogmas. Refutation of opinions that deny the significance of dogmatic truths in Christianity.

From the book Essay on Orthodox Dogmatic Theology. Part I author Malinovsky Nikolay Platonovich

§ 6. The importance and significance of dogmas. Refutation of opinions that deny the significance of dogmatic truths in Christianity. I. Articles of faith, containing doctrine? God and the economy of human salvation, express and define the very essence of the Christian religion, as

Chapter 5. 1. The coming humiliation of Zion. 2-6. The birth of the Ruler of Israel, His properties and significance for the greatness of the people. 7-9. The meaning of the "remnant of Jacob" for other peoples. 10-15. Transformation of Israel

From the book Explanatory Bible. Volume 7 author Lopukhin Alexander

Chapter 5. 1. The coming humiliation of Zion. 2-6. The birth of the Ruler of Israel, His properties and significance for the greatness of the people. 7-9. The meaning of the "remnant of Jacob" for other peoples. 10-15. Transformation of Israel 1 In Heb. bible st. The 1st is referred to the end of the previous chapter, as the conclusion of Art. 9-13. But

categorical value

A generalized meaning superimposed on a specific lexical meaning of a word: for nouns - the meaning of objectivity, for adjectives - the meaning of a sign, property, quality, for verbs - the meaning of a process, action, state, etc.


Dictionary-reference book of linguistic terms. Ed. 2nd. - M.: Enlightenment. Rosenthal D. E., Telenkova M. A.. 1976 .

See what "categorical meaning" is in other dictionaries:

    categorical meaning of an adjective- Significance value. For example: evening ringing - the adjective evening denotes a non-procedural attribute of an object - this is its categorical meaning; the specific meaning of the adjective is a sign of an object in relation to time ...

    categorical meaning of the verb- The meaning of the process (processuality) inherent in the verb, regardless of its lexical meaning: actions (run, saw), states (love, sleep), relationships (turn on, possess) are presented in verbs as a process that takes place in time ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    categorical meaning of a noun- The value of objectivity, which is modified in different ways: 1) the names of specific objects of the living and non-living world: a pen, a student, a mountain; 2) names of plants: rose, willow, poplar; 3) names of substances: oil, oxygen; 4) geographical names ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    categorical meaning of the adverb- Significance of the sign: quietly breathes. In some cases, the adverb denotes a sign of an object: pilaf in Uzbek ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    Categorical perception- (Greek kategorikos - asserting) a feature or, more precisely, the stage of formation of visual images, at which specific visual images are identified with a certain class of objects that have a certain meaning. For example, the tendency to hear ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of Psychology and Pedagogy

    verb analysis scheme- 1) highlight the word form in the text; 2) part of speech; categorical meaning of the verb; 3) the initial form of the verb; question to the initial form of the verb; question to the word form in the text; 4) the form of the verb (conjugated / non-conjugated); 5) stems of the verb: stem ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    noun parsing scheme- 1) word form in the text; 2) part of speech; categorical meaning of a noun; 3) the initial form of the noun; question to the initial form of a noun; question to the word form in the text; 4) proper / common name ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    noun number category- One of the main categories of a noun, which forms its categorical meaning of objectivity. The category of number serves to express the quantitative characteristics of objects of objective reality. She opposes... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    state category analysis scheme- 1) word form in the text; 2) part of speech, categorical meaning; question to the word form in the text; 3) the initial form of the word of the category of state (form of the present tense, indicative mood, positive degree); 4) rank according to the meaning of the word ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

    pronoun analysis scheme- 1) word form in the text; 2) part of speech; categorical meaning of the pronoun; 3) the initial form of the pronoun; question to the initial form of the pronoun; question to the word form in the text; 4) the category of the pronoun in relation to other parts of speech ... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms T.V. Foal

Books

  • The categorical meaning of the verb. Systemic and functional aspects, N. N. Boldyrev. This monograph examines the problem of the formation of the categorical meaning of the verb on the conceptual, system-linguistic and speech levels. Are being considered general issues linguistic...

In the strict sense, not even interrogative pronouns, but the categorical meaning of the linguistic meaning, coinciding with the generalized lexical-grammatical (categorical) meaning of the nominative part of speech, which acts as the main exponent of this linguistic meaning, and the corresponding pronouns should be considered as categorizers of linguistic meanings. The interrogative pronoun acts as a kind of “marker”, “litmus test”, revealing the meaning of a given linguistic meaning. For example, the categorical meaning of a linguistic sense is objectivity, therefore, the categorizers (in the broad sense of this term) of this linguistic sense are pronominatives who what?; its exponents are also the corresponding pronouns of other semantic categories and nouns without prepositions that preserve this meaning. In other words, the core of each linguistic meaning is the words represented by the corresponding part of speech, expressed initial form(if it is changeable) or a morphologized member of a sentence. What is the difference between the categorical meaning of a part of speech and linguistic meaning?

The part of speech is a lexico-grammatical class of words with a set individual differential signs. The categorical meaning of a part of speech is the generalized lexical and grammatical meaning of all the words included in it. The foregoing assumes that the words of this part of speech have a general semantics (generalization to the highest degree) and certain grammatical features (for example, for nouns - a constant category of gender, variable categories of number and case, established rules for functioning; for adjectives - concordant, syntactic, "reflective" categories of gender, number and case, use as an agreed definition, nominal part of the predicate, etc.). That is why categorical meaning of a part of speech interpreted as generalized lexicogrammatic meaning.

The linguistic meaning is semantic-functional association of naming units that are heterogeneous in structure. Its core is the word (part of speech), but it also includes dissected naming conventions (prepositional-case forms, lexias, phrases of a special type, phrasal nominees) with the same semantics. Therefore, in our opinion, there is no need to talk about a higher degree of generalization in the semantics of linguistic meaning (compared to the part of speech). The difference lies in heterogeneity, rich structural possibilities for expressing the same linguistic meaning in the same framework of functioning. This gives the right to determine categorical meaning of linguistic meaning How semantic-functional.

In linguistic literature, the question of the categorical meaning of linguistic meaning has not been raised at all, and the question of the categorical meaning of a part of speech is interpreted ambiguously. For example, L. G. Yatskevich writes: “The categorical meaning of a part of speech is a special type of linguistic semantics: it is a vector implicit type of semantics, in contrast to grammatical meanings, grammatical categories and derivational meanings, expressing their semantics explicitly - in the grammatical and derivational form of the word. This meaning of the part of speech is included as a core grammatical meaning in the linguistic field of the corresponding grammatical context, which finds its embodiment in it" [Yatskevich, 2004, p. 140]. This definition and demonstration of ways of expressing substantivity (pp. 61-68) testifies that the author mixes the concepts of "categorical meaning of a part of speech" and "categorical meaning of a linguistic meaning", deducing the latter under the name "grammatical concept of a part of speech". This is especially clearly seen in paragraph 2.2 “Grammatical concepts of parts of speech. Forms of their existence in the structure of the Russian language”, where the author writes: “Grammatical concepts and categorical meanings of parts of speech are correlative, but not identical concepts. Correlativity is manifested in the fact that the composition of the grammatical concepts of the language determines the composition of its parts of speech and their categorical meanings. The non-identity of grammatical concepts and categorical meanings of parts of speech is due to the fact that a grammatical concept is the result of a generalization of a higher level than the categorical meaning of a part of speech. Because of this, based on the grammatical concept in lexical system language, not only grammatical classes are formed - parts of speech, but also grammatical and lexical-grammatical superclasses, subclasses and metaclasses" [Yatskevich, 2004, p. 40-41]. The latter (subclasses, metaclasses) are not disclosed by the author, but it can be assumed that in this case we mean dismembered naming units that we single out, and in addition, heterogeneous associations that have no direct relation to the analyzed phenomenon at all. So, the author in the substantive nomination includes adverbs like At home know about it.At the bottom got ready; highlights the substantive nomination, carried out by the word forms of nouns in oblique cases, denoting the topic of the statement: From Moscow returned? (That is, those who left for Moscow)[Yatskevich, 2004, p. 66]. It is clear that in such an ultra-broad understanding, the “grammatical concept of the part of speech” goes far beyond the limits of the linguistic meaning, and it is completely incomprehensible why the above work refers to the part of speech, more precisely, the categorical meaning of the part of speech.

It is known that the main means of expressing each linguistic meaning is a word, more precisely, significant words, united by an appropriate way of displaying reality, categorical meaning, morphological properties and syntactic functioning into a part of speech. So, the main onomasiological means of expressing the linguistic meaning of “objectivity” is a noun, “space” is primarily represented by adverbs of place and direction, etc. The question is logical: how do the categorical meanings of the linguistic meaning and words of that part of speech, which serves as the main means of transmission, correlate? this meaning? At first glance, it can be assumed that the categorical meaning of the linguistic sense "absorbs" the categorical meaning of the part of speech. In fact, their relationship is much more complicated and can be traced in several directions. Compare:

1. The categorical meaning of linguistic meaning there is a common meaning of all onomasiological means (words, prepositional-case forms of words, phrases of a special type, lexia and phrasal nominee), united by a common conceptual content.

1. Categorical meaning of a part of speech is the general lexicogrammatic meaning all words this part of speech, speakers in a morphologized function(for a noun, this is a function of the subject and object, for an adjective, it is the function of a definition, etc.).

2. The categorical meanings of linguistic meanings do not have special names, they are presented descriptively, for example: the categorical meaning of the linguistic meaning is “an attribute of an object”, the categorical meaning of the linguistic meaning is “time”, etc.

2. The categorical meanings of significant parts of speech have special names: for nouns - “objectivity”, for adjectives - “a sign of an object”, for numerals - “quantity and number”, for verbs - “action, state, relation as a process” , for adverbs - “a sign of a sign”, for impersonal predicative words - a “state”.

3. The categorical meaning of the meaning is manifested in the onomasiological means represented by the word and dissected units: the prepositional case form of the name, the phrase of a special type, the lexicon and the phrasal nominee.

  • 3. The categorical meaning of the part of speech is manifested in onomasiological units represented by the word only in cases of 1) they perform a morphologized function in a sentence or 2) in " dictionary word”, that is, in the original form (if the word is changed), starting a dictionary entry in explanatory dictionaries.
  • 4. A part of speech has the ability to express not one, but several linguistic meanings, for example, a noun expresses the linguistic meanings of "objectivity" (watch a movie, enjoy the meeting),"object mark" (brother's hat)"image and mode of action" (walk along the coast)"time" (late autumn).

The observations made do not give a complete answer to the question of the content, common and distinctive qualities of the categorical meaning of the linguistic meaning and the categorical meaning of the part of speech, since these phenomena are not well understood, and the question itself is being discussed for the first time, although fragmentary information on this subject can be found in the works many scientists, because the problem under consideration concerns the cardinal issues of semantics, morphology, syntax and is reflected in cognitive science, onomasiology and other aspects of modern linguistics.


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