Level claims hoppe stimulus material. Level of claims: basic concepts, diagnostic procedures and experimental phenomena. The relationship between the level of claims and self-esteem. Methodology for studying the level of speech development
The questionnaire of V.K. Gerbachevsky is designed to identify the levels of claims of the subject by diagnosing the components of the motivational structure of the personality. Time to complete the task is not limited. Depending on the specific task, it may be performed intermittently.
Instructions for completing the questionnaire c. Gerbachevsky
Upon completion of one of the stages of the task proposed to you (at work, at home, etc.), when you have already completed part of the task and subsequently have to work on the rest of it, take a break to answer V. Gerbachevsky's test questionnaire.
Read each of the statements in the questionnaire and note the extent to which you agree or disagree with it. Print and circle, for example, the corresponding number in the questionnaire: if you fully agree with the statement - +3; if you just agree - +2; if you rather agree than disagree - +1; if you completely disagree - -3; if you simply disagree - -2: if you rather disagree than agree - -1. If you can neither agree with the statement nor reject it, then mark - 0. All statements refer to what you think, feel or want at the moment when work on the task is interrupted.
Questionnaire by V. Gerbachevsky
Full Name_______________________________
Completion Date__________________ Age______
Profession (specialty) _____________________________
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statement |
Answer Scale |
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I'm already tired of research. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm working to my limits |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I want to show my best |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel compelled to strive for high performance |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm wondering what will happen |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The task is quite difficult. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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What I do nobody needs |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm wondering if my results are better or worse than others |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I wish I could get on with my business |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I think that my results will be high |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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This situation can get me in trouble |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The better you show the result, the more you want to surpass it. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm trying hard enough |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I believe that my best result not accidental |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The task is not of great interest |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I set myself tasks |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm worried about my results |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel energized |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I can't get better results. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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This situation has a certain meaning for me. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I want to set more and more difficult goals |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I am indifferent to my results |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The more you work, the more interesting it becomes. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm not going to "go all out" in this work |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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Most likely my results will be low |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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No matter how hard you try, the result will not change |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I would do anything right now, but not this study |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The task is quite simple |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I am capable of the best result |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The more difficult the goal, the greater the desire to achieve it. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel that I can overcome all difficulties on the way to the goal. |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I don't care what my results will be compared to others |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I got carried away working on a task |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I want to avoid low score |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel independent |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel like I'm wasting my time and energy |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm working hard |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I'm interested in the limits of my possibilities |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I want my result to be one of the best |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I will do everything in my power to achieve the goal |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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I feel like I can't do anything |
3 -2 -1 0 +1 +2 +3 |
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The test is a lottery |
The first method for studying the level of claims was proposed by K. Levin's student F. Hoppe. Currently, to diagnose this personality trait, there is whole line ways. Most of them are based on the method of assessing the level of claims proposed by F. Hoppe. These methods are built according to the following experimental scheme: the subject is asked to sequentially choose a certain (usually fixed) number of tasks of any difficulty for solving. Previously, these tasks, similar in content, are ranked according to the degree of difficulty. The level of claims is determined by the degree of difficulty of the tasks chosen by the tested and ᴇᴦο behavior based on a successful and unsuccessful solution. At normal level claims, after a successfully solved task, a person usually chooses a more difficult task for solution, and after a failure, an easier task. A person with a low level of claims after a successfully solved task does the same, but after failure, he chooses either an easier task or a very difficult one in order to justify his failures by the complexity of the tasks and thus protect his reputation. A person with an overly high level of aspirations always chooses only tasks of increased difficulty. Usually, when testing the level of claims, the test subjects hide true purpose research. Most often they are told that their intelligence is being tested in this way. The content of the tasks, in principle, of great importance does not have. The technique for studying the level of claims proposed by F. Hoppe was built according to the following scheme: all the material was laid out on the table, the subjects could see all the tasks and freely move from one action to another. During the study, the experimenter tried to create the most relaxed atmosphere. The activity of the subjects was not regulated in any way, they were given a minimum of instructions. The instruction that F. Hoppe formulated to the subjects was as follows: "I will give you different tasks that you must solve. However, experience in no way binds you in choosing the methods of solving. On the contrary, I would like you to be completely free and natural have chosen their position. If you no longer feel like doing one task, or you prefer another, calmly say so." This instruction allowed the subjects to choose tasks arbitrarily and change them, stop work at any time, and so on. The material of already completed tasks was not removed from the table, so the subjects, if they wanted, could return to them. The test subjects were not forbidden to walk around the room, hum, smoke, etc. They could talk to the experimenter about the difficulties of the tasks and their hopes for success. Methodology for assessing the level of claims F. Hoppe General theoretical provisions that served as the basis of the methodology:Personal characteristics associated with the achievement of the goal include the level of claims, which can be determined by the level of difficulty of the chosen goal. The subjects are offered a number of tasks that differ in the degree of difficulty. They are presented on the cards in ascending order of their numbers. The degree of difficulty of the task corresponds to the serial number of the card. Students are offered eleven tasks (each level of difficulty can have several options). Target: identification of the level of claims, which can be determined by the level of difficulty of the chosen goal. Application area:from senior school age(there are no gender, national or other restrictions). Material: eleven cards with tasks, answer sheet. Organization: individual and group. Short description:the subject is offered eleven cards arranged in increasing difficulty. The numbers on the cards indicate the degree of difficulty of the tasks. A certain time is allotted for solving each card, which is not known to the subject. The task is chosen by the examinee independently. Examination procedure:the experimenter reads the instructions, notes the time, which can at its discretion increase or decrease, thus arbitrarily evaluating the performance of the task as correct or incorrect. Only after his evaluation should the student choose another task. It is advisable to limit the number of elections to five. Results processing:questions of each level are evaluated by the corresponding number of points. Questions of the first degree of difficulty are assessed with one point, the second - two, the third - three, etc. the total number of selected points is used as an assessment of the level of claims. For example, if in the test the subject is given five choices and he chose the fourth for the first time, the fifth for the second, the fourth for the third, the seventh for the fourth and the sixth for the fifth, then the level of his claims will be equal to the sum: 4 + 5 + 4 + 7 + 6 = 26 points. Interpretation: after success or failure (which can be arbitrarily interpreted by the experimenter), there is a shift either in the direction of a positive direction or in the direction of a negative one. The average value of single shifts after success is taken as a measure of the shift. After failure, the subjects can both lower and increase the level of claims (i.e. after failure, they choose an easier task. This means lowering the level of claims). If, after a failure, the child raises the level of claims, i.e. takes on a more difficult task, then a negative shift occurs. The average value of single shifts after failure shown in all tests is taken as a measure of shift after failure. For each degree of difficulty, several similar tasks are given. Literature: T.A. Ratanova, N.F. Gentry. Psychodiagnostic methods for studying personality. – M. 1998. pp. 78–80. (Norre F., 1930). Experimental-psychological technique aimed at the study of personal reactions. A set of tasks of both increasing degree of difficulty and equivalent ones is used. The reaction of the subject to the successful or unsuccessful solution of the task is taken into account. The nature of the formation of the level of claims, the relationship between the levels of claims and achievements is assessed. Variants of the B.I. Bezhanishvili (1967), V.K. Gerbachevsky (1969), N.K. Kalita (1971), V.M. Bleicher (1971).
"Hoppe method of researching the level of claims" in booksTop Level MethodologyFrom the book Anti-Semitism as a Law of Nature author Brushtein MikhailHigher-Level Methodology At all levels, the development process always follows the same pattern. Any intermediate stage reaches its maximum after some time, after which it is denied or, in other words, ceases to exist, and a new one appears in its place, METHODOLOGY FOR STUDYING THE LEVEL OF SPEECH DEVELOPMENTFrom the book Speech Therapist's Handbook author Medicine Author unknown -METHODOLOGY FOR STUDYING THE LEVEL OF SPEECH DEVELOPMENT IN last years thanks to the latest achievements of science and practice, practical methods comprehensive study of the level speech development children. The latest diagnostic techniques help in the study Methodology for diagnosing the level of social frustrationFrom the book Psychological Security: tutorial author Solomin Valery PavlovichMethodology for diagnosing the level of social frustration Used to examine adults. Purpose: determination of the level of social frustration.Instruction. Read each question and mark the one that best fits your answer. Questionnaire Continued author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMethod "Diagnosis of the level of empathy" by I. M. Yusupova Instructions To identify the level of empathic tendencies, it is necessary, answering (agreeing or not) to each of the 36 statements, evaluate the answers as follows: if the answer is: "I don't know" - 0 points, "no, never "- 1, "sometimes" - From the book Psychology of Communication and interpersonal relationships author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichI. M. Yusupov’s technique “Diagnostics of the level of empathy”author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichI. M. Yusupov’s technique “Diagnosis of the level of empathy” Instruction. To identify the level of empathy, it is necessary, answering (agreeing or not) to each of the 36 statements, evaluate the answers as follows: if the answer is “I don’t know” - 0 points, “no, never” - 1, “sometimes” - 2, “often” - Methodology of V. V. Boyko "Diagnostics of the level of empathy"From the book Psychology of Help [Altruism, Egoism, Empathy] author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichV. V. Boyko's technique "Diagnosis of the level of empathy" V. V. Boyko identifies several channels in the structure of empathy. The rational channel of empathy. It characterizes the focus of attention, perception and thinking of the subject, expressing empathy, on the being of another person - on his Methodology "Determining the level of alexithymia"From the book Psychology of Help [Altruism, Egoism, Empathy] author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMethod "Determining the level of alexithymia" The method is an adapted version of the questionnaire - the Toronto alexithymic scale, tested at the St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Institute. V. M. Bekhtereva. Authors of the adapted version: D. Multidimensional self-attitude research questionnaire (MIS - self-attitude research methodology)From the book Psychology of Adulthood author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMultidimensional questionnaire for the study of self-attitude (MIS - a method for studying self-attitude) Author: SR PantileevInstruction. You are invited to answer questions (in the form of possible statements) about your character traits, habits, interests, etc. These Level of claims researchFrom the book Personality Theories and Personal Growth author Frager RobertResearch on the level of aspirations Kurt Lewin's student Ferdinand Hoppe initiated the study of the level of aspirations. He suggested that human activity does not depend on the objective characteristics of the complexity of the work, but on his assessment of his own capabilities in solving problems. Methodology "Diagnostics of the level of empathy" by I. M. Yusupovauthor Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMethod "Diagnosis of the level of empathy" by I. M. Yusupova Instructions To identify the level of empathic tendencies, it is necessary, answering (agreeing or not) to each of the 36 statements, evaluate the answers as follows: if the answer is: "I don't know" - 0 points, "no, never "- 1, "sometimes" - 2, Method "Diagnosis of the level of empathy" V. V. BoykoFrom the book Motivation and Motives author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMethod "Diagnostics of the level of empathy" V. V. Boyko Instructions If you agree with these statements, put a “+” sign next to their numbers, if you do not agree, then a “-” sign. The text of the questionnaire1. I have a habit of carefully studying people's faces and behavior in order to understand them. Methodology "Diagnosis of the level of emotional burnout"From the book Motivation and Motives author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichMethod "Diagnostics of the level emotional burnout» In the proposed version of the methodology of V. V. Boyko, I left only those scales that are related to the motivation of labor activity. Emotional burnout among professionals is one of the protective Methodology for identifying the level of courage G. A. KalashnikovaFrom the book Psychology of Will author Ilyin Evgeny PavlovichThe method for identifying the level of courage G. A. Kalashnikova The method is based on a decrease in the efficiency of activity when a feeling of danger arises. For the study, a platform measuring 50 by 50 cm is needed, which rises sequentially by 50, 100 and 150 cm APPENDIX 6 METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSIONFrom the book Deviantology [Psychology of deviant behavior] author Zmanovskaya Elena ValerievnaAPPENDIX 6 METHODOLOGY FOR DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION The survey method developed by V.A. Zhmurov reveals a depressive state (mainly sad or melancholic depression). It makes it possible to establish the severity of the depressive state at a given Response plan
Claim level. Research methodology. Hoppe's experiments. The level of claims and self-esteem. Answer:
Level of claims - the desired level of self-esteem of the individual; determined by the degree of difficulty of the tasks that the individual sets for himself. The assessment of the level of claims is carried out from the point of view of its adequacy - compliance with the real capabilities of a person. The concept introduced by K. Levin to denote the individual's desire for a goal of such complexity, which, in his opinion, corresponds to his abilities. Characterizes: 1) the level of difficulty, the achievement of which is the common goal of a series of future actions - the ideal goal; 2) the choice by the subject of the goal of the next action, which is formed as a result of experiencing the success or failure of a number of past actions - the level of claims at the moment; 3) the desired level of self-esteem of the individual, - the level of I. Distinguish between private and general level claims. Private level claims refers to achievements in certain areas of activity (in sports, music, etc.) or human relations (the desire to take a certain place in a team, in friendships, family or industrial relations, etc.). At the heart of this level of claims is self-assessment in the relevant area. The level of claims can be more general character, i.e. relate to many areas of human life and activity and, above all, to those in which his intellectual and moral qualities are manifested. This formation, closely related to the self-esteem of the individual, is formed under the influence of subjective experiences of success or failure in activities. The level of claims can be adequate, that is, correspond to the abilities of the individual, and inadequate - underestimated or overestimated. People with a realistic level of claims are distinguished by self-confidence, perseverance in achieving goals, greater productivity, and critical assessment of what has been achieved. The desire to increase self-esteem in conditions when a person is free to choose the degree of difficulty of the next action leads to a conflict of two tendencies: 1) increase the claims in order to achieve maximum success; 2) reduce them to avoid failure. The experience of success (failure), arising as a result of achieving (not achieving) the level of claims, entails its shift to the area of more difficult (easy) tasks. A decrease in the difficulty of the chosen goal after success or its increase after failure - an atypical change in the level of claims - indicates an unrealistic level of claims or inadequate self-esteem.
There are 3 parameters for assessing the level of claim: Claim Height: High - Low Adequacy of the level of claim: adequate - inadequate Dynamics - how the level of aspiration changes. Similar articles
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