How to read with an expression. How to read poetry with expression. Characteristics of the principles of teaching expressive reading

On methods of developing students' communication skills at the lessons of the Russian language in preparation for an oral interview in the 9th grade, Shulgina Tatyana Viktorovna, a teacher of the Russian language and literature of the MKOU "Sudzhanskaya secondary comprehensive school No. 1 "Sudzhansky district of the Kursk region.

How to read expressively and retell the text?

(Preparation for an oral interview - admission to the OGE)

In the light of the upcoming changes in the OGE in the 9th grade, the introduction of the oral part, which includes reading and speaking, the development of communication skills among students becomes even more relevant.

Communication skills- this is the ability of a person to interact with other people, adequately interpreting the information received, as well as correctly transmitting it.

In the world of modern technological advances (mobile phones, the Internet, etc.), the ability to communicate is becoming one of the most necessary and valuable skills. Communication skills are very important for personal development, professional growth and self-expression, as they determine the success of interaction with the world, people around, and oneself.

Communication skills are often divided into

written- consist in the ability to correspond, communicate using various types of communication, where oral speech is excluded. Written communication skills are manifested in how clearly the composition of the document (text) is composed, the thoughts are consistently stated in it, and also in the absence of gross spelling and stylistic errors;
oral These are skills that are manifested in direct communication. Oral communication skills include the ability to clearly and adequately express one's thoughts, the ability to win over the interlocutor from the first minutes of the conversation, as well as the ability to listen to one's opponent.

In the formation of communication skills, in addition to family and society, important role school plays. The process of communication, speaking takes place both in the classroom and in extracurricular activities. Taking into account the normative age development of the child, the development of communication skills sets the content and characteristics learning activities at the lessons of the humanitarian cycle, in particular at the lessons of the Russian language.

In the development of the system of universal learning activities within the framework of the implementation of the Federal State Educational Standard, as part of personal, regulatory and cognitive actions, communicative actions acquire special significance:

correctly formulate their thoughts orally and writing;
correctly build a chain of logical reasoning, put forward hypotheses and be able to substantiate them;
freely express thoughts and feelings in the process of verbal communication;
to perceive information taking into account the set educational task;
know the features of dialogic and monologue speech;
build a speech monologue statement in accordance with the tasks.

In psychology, there is a synonymous concept: communicative competence . This is a set of such human skills that are adequate for a particular social environment and include knowledge of cultural norms in communication, knowledge of traditions and customs, possession of etiquette, demonstration of good manners and skillful application communication tools. They are developed along with the social experience of a person.

Communicative competence- this is a generalizing communicative property of a person, which includes communication abilities, knowledge, skills and abilities.

With regard to the planning and organization of Russian language lessons, it is appropriate to operate with such a concept as communicative competence.

Communicative competence- the ability by means of the language being studied to carry out speech activity in accordance with the goals and situation of communication within a particular field of activity.

Communicative competence can include many components:

possession of certain vocabulary
development of oral and written speech (clarity, correctness),
the ability to observe ethics and etiquette of communication,
ability to analyze external signals,
assertiveness (confidence),
mastery of active listening skills,
possession of oratory,
acting ability,
the ability to build a statement and conduct a dialogue,
empathy (conscious or unconscious empathy with the current emotional state of another person without losing a sense of the external).

Why do students find it difficult to reason, dialogue, and read aloud? Traditionally, all work at the lessons of the Russian language and literature is built around four types of activities related to communication and work with information: these are listening and speaking, reading and writing. We begin to develop listening and speaking even before school - in kindergarten, then move on to reading and writing. And I think I'm not mistaken, this activity - reading and writing - becomes predominant until high school. We read a lot, answer questions in writing, write compositions, essays, reason ...

In a written speech format, it is easier to complete a survey of the entire class, to check and evaluate everyone. Probably, this is where the fear of teachers and students to work in the format of oral communication lies, because this skill is beginning to fade into the background. Only a few students are ready to reason, engage in dialogue, develop expressive reading skills…

Not the last role is played by the feeling of fear that a student may experience during oral work in the classroom: building a monologue in front of an audience in the classroom requires certain efforts, including psychological ones. We learn to speak on relevant topics and argue. The topics of the monologue statements offered at the final interview are varied. This is all that is close and understandable to a modern student: the value of family, friends; reasoning on social issues, technological progress and its consequences, the value of the book, the problems of modern culture, fashion, and the like. It is important that the student can demonstrate the ability not only to create a monologue and participate in a dialogue, but also to defend his point of view, to think reasonably.

The emotional reaction of the examiner is important!

No less important is the role of the interlocutor - the examiner. He has two tasks: the first is to regulate the student's time in preparation and during the answer. The second is to help the student open up during the interview, support him, reduce the feeling of fear and insecurity. This requirement in the assessment system on the part of the examiner is spelled out as "an emotional reaction to the student's actions." In other words, the examiner must have certain emotional intelligence skills:

To be able to see the emotions of the student,

Control your emotions

Maintain a productive working attitude

Help the young interlocutor to express himself.

To a certain extent, for the examiner, this is also a certain stage, aimed at the ability to build a productive conversation.

1. Call the children to the board.

According to the tradition of the old Soviet school, try to call the student to the board and give him the opportunity to expand his answer to a small monologue. What works in this case? The child develops confidence when working with an audience, gains some experience in such work, speech activity is evaluated by the teacher and students (and do not be afraid of this!). It is through a clear and adequate assessment that he understands how to develop further. In this case, the teacher should make correct comments on working with voice, tempo, the ability to stay in front of an audience. All this works for the student. When evaluating a communicative situation, the teacher and students must necessarily note strengths a short presentation is a must, but pointing out what could be improved. The more specific the advice, the more adequate the feedback. This will be the point of development of one or another speech skill.

2. Have discussions

It is useful to create models of work of students in a pair or group to develop the skills of a dialogue culture. At the first stage, it can be a small discussion for a few minutes. You can also arrange entire discussion lessons under the guidance of a teacher with obligatory reflection: what happened and what needs to be corrected in future work.

3. Analyze speeches

To develop expressive reading skills, as a model, you can take video clips of television news, analyze the speech behavior of certain radio and TV presenters, use them to independent work materials of the central newspapers and magazines. You can record short presentations of students and then analyze them both independently and in a group. The main thing is to lower the threshold of fear, give comments correctly, be able to adequately respond to them and develop skills.

4. Set a Good Example

The teacher must himself be a model of speech behavior, broadcast it in the classroom. By the way, this applies not only to teachers of the Russian language. Skills public speaking , including from the point of view of working with intonation, must have all teachers - from historian to physicist.

Study the structure of the tasks of the oral interview well.
Participate actively in class activities in and out of class.
Give open-ended answers to questions.
Don't be afraid to express your own opinion.
Periodically read modern newspapers and magazines, watch TV and radio news, analyze the behavior of the presenters in terms of speech, intonation, pace.
Form the habit of taking on the role of storyteller at least once a week.

For example, tell your family members at home new material that you learned in class.

Most importantly: communicate with your children, discuss what you have read, viewed, explain, argue your point of view, which will become a model of speech behavior for the child.
Ask questions more often:

How did you spend your school day?

What impressed you, pleased you, upset you, upset you?

What do you feel more confident about?

What are your tasks for tomorrow?

How are you prepared to deal with them?

What you see?

In this case, any conversation will help develop the emotional and speech sphere of the child, help him to be a more confident, interesting, bright conversationalist.

Speaking about the preparation of ninth graders for the oral part of the OGE, I recommend including verbal warm-ups. As homework I suggest that students create a presentation (picture + basic provisions (aspects) for a story about themselves or questions for conversation and reasoning on a given topic). This helps students to better understand the structure of the task, teaches them to plan an answer, determine main idea statements and select key words to build a text of a monologue nature.

In the 9th grade, it is interesting not only to practice speaking skills, the ability to compose texts of different styles, but also to create an exam situation. Among the students, an organizer is appointed who keeps track of time; experts who note speech disorders. Fixing speech defects, repetitions and grammatical errors in the construction of sentences and word forms, students in the future try to avoid these errors in their answer. In addition, in my opinion, students undergo a kind of psychological adaptation.

Thus, the formation of communication skills, taking into account the requirements of modern reality, is one of the main tasks of a teacher of the Russian language and literature in the process of educational activities.

Oratory has been valued at all times. People who were able to express their thoughts expressively became commanders and rulers. It was these people who led long-distance campaigns, created ideologies and were able to lead the masses behind them. Poets who could speak beautifully, like the ancient Greek Orpheus, lured citizens with their words, forcing themselves to idolize. And now people who are able to express themselves clearly and beautifully achieve great success in business and enjoy great confidence from others. Therefore, it is important to work on the expressiveness of your speech. If you want to learn how to expressively read poetry, then follow the tips below!

The main theoretical aspects of expressive reading

It is necessary to learn expressive reading from early childhood, when the child is just beginning to form his pronunciation. And poetry is the best for that. The presence of rhyme makes reading easier, while at the same time making the text emotionally richer. In order to achieve expressive reading, it is necessary to be imbued with the text of the verse and understand its essence. It is advisable to learn the poem by heart, thereby subsequently focusing on the expressiveness of reading.

logical stress
Pause
Intonation

In any expression there are separate words and phrases that absorb 90% of the semantic load. They contain the entire "soul and inner essence" of the text. They serve as the emotional centers of the entire narrative and, of course, they must be distinguished from the general mass of words. It is for this purpose that the logical stress exists. K. S. Stanislavsky called him "the index finger of the expressiveness of speech." It is it that is the litmus test of the main word in the sentence. In elementary school textbooks, these words are distinguished in various ways (for example, by detente or using quotation marks). However, in poetry such a distinction is extremely rare. That's why logical stress they are represented by a whole complex of intonational and sound means: the tempo and strength of the voice, pauses, lengthening of sounds, etc. When working with any text, try to isolate the main idea from there, the “root of the story” and highlight it with the help of logical stress. This will help you understand how to read poetry with expression.

So, for example, shock lines in a poem can be distinguished by a sharp increase in voice. Here, poetic fables are especially characteristic, since they always contain a moral that is obligatory for highlighting. You can also convey by the power of your voice emotional condition speaker. If a we are talking about strong emotions, such as fear or, on the contrary, triumph, then the reader’s speech becomes louder. But it is customary to express sad emotions in a quieter voice.

Another important tool that allows you to achieve expressive reading is pause. With the help of a pause, you can break a monotonous sound stream into several parts, thereby making it more understandable for understanding. Often, in order to understand the role of a pause, in elementary school they resort to rhyming proverbs.

In the text, a pause is usually indicated by an ellipsis and it symbolizes some kind of spiritual experience, reflection and excitement. AT oral speech has a different meaning and serves, first of all, to attract the attention of the listener and highlight individual actions or events in the text.

expressive
narrative
exclamation
Enumeration intonation

Narrative intonation is almost never a problem. It is characterized by a calm and even pronunciation, without unnecessary emotional outbursts. It is more difficult to convey interrogative and exclamatory sentences. Interrogative intonation is defined by a rise in voice at the beginning of a statement, and a subsequent fall at the end. Exclamation, on the other hand, involves a rise in tone at the end of a sentence. As for the intonation of the enumeration, it is used in sentences with homogeneous members. When enumerating, the tone of the voice rises, and a pause is also inserted without fail.

From theoretical information, it's time to move on to more practical advice. As we found out, the expressiveness of pronunciation depends largely on the correct use of logical stresses, pauses and intonation. You are already close to understanding how beautiful it is to read poetry. Now let's look at how to master these verbal techniques to perfection, thanks to which you will even understand how to read poetry in English!

Create text score. This is a kind of scheme of a poem, where all logical stresses, pauses and important words. Indicate with dashes the growth of intonation (descending or ascending); pause length (long, short, medium). All values must be entered in pencil. Keeping this pattern in mind, you will be able to correctly reproduce the intonation.

Control breath. Try not to draw excess air into your lungs so that there are no unexpected pauses.

Diction- extremely important! If you want to learn how to read poetry correctly, then be sure to work on diction. Only confident, clear and correct pronunciation of words will help you move and develop in this path.

As mentioned above, it is important to fully understand the poem, feel it and understand the meaning. No need to cram poetry, no need to hurry. It is important to understand what you read and sincerely enjoy this moment.

Create quality emotional background, gesticulate and use facial expressions. Hone your poetic artistry by practicing in front of a mirror.

If you do not know how to read poetry in English correctly, then you should simply look through this entire article from beginning to end. In this regard, the scheme is no different from poems in Russian. The only thing is that it is necessary to shift the above rules “how to read poetry” to English phonetics and spelling.

Perhaps that's all. By following these simple tips, you will quickly understand how to read poetry correctly. If you conduct constant training, and if you truly love poetry, then you will quickly acquire the skill of expressive and beautiful reading.

Irina Morgunova
How to teach a child to read poetry with expression. Advice for parents

How different people read poetry! One is monotonous, sluggish. Another - highlighting features poetic size. The third is loud, emotional and unnatural. But with pleasure we listen to the one who reads like this like talking in life, with a live expressiveness, clear speech, experiencing the emotions affected by this work.

Here are some steps to help your child read poetry with expression. 1. Select an excerpt for expressive reading. 1) Poem should be accessible, close and understandable to children in terms of content. 2) The younger the child, the shorter the line and the poem. For children of 2 years old, two to four lines are enough, 3-4 years old - one or two quatrains, 5-7 years old - up to five quatrains, depending on the interest shown by the child and the level of memory development. 3) Poem for kids it should be dynamic (mostly actions, without descriptive moments, with short lines, simple rhythm. Older preschoolers are able to perceive metaphors, comparisons, small descriptions, but still dynamism is important. 4) The rhyme should correspond to the character of the baby. So you have to try to find poem which will be of interest to him. It will be easier for a mischievous and restless person to learn and reproduce Daniil Kharms' funny poems, and for a dreamer - more calm, smooth in sound. poetry Sasha Cherny and Valentin Berestov. 5) Poetry for children should be High Quality because poetry is

source and means of enriching figurative speech, developing poetic hearing (the ability to subtly feel the artistic form, melody and rhythm mother tongue, ethical and moral concepts.

jokes, jokes, songs) and masters of the artistic word.

Good things matter poems by contemporary poets. Can't use weak poems of non-professionals, with inaccurate rhymes, violation of the order, with an illiterate use of the form of the word.

2. Read the poem expressively to adults. Before introducing the child to the chosen poem, you need to view it in advance, choose the right mood, intonation, place accents, highlighting the main word. And then read the poem yourself slowly and with expression. You can imagine that you are speaking from the stage, and child- your main viewer and critic. The child must see and understand what it means read with expression. Therefore, it is necessary read as emotionally as possible, correctly placing logical stresses, make pauses where necessary, adhering to the rhythm as accurately as possible poems.

3. Find out if everything is clear child in this text. If necessary, you need to parse every line, every word. At this stage, the main thing is that the baby understands what poem and for him there would be no incomprehensible words.

4. Determine the mood poems.

Determine with child how, with what mood read text,

sad or happy.

You can practice with read the first line as a child, with different mood: joyful, sad, surprised, incredulous.

5. Arrange the logical stress.

Important, will learn determine the main words of the text in meaning and highlight them with a voice when reading.

After reading this word, make a short pause (slightly shut up) Usually in a sentence (oral or written) there are words, phrases, and sometimes sentences that are its logical and emotional centers and which must be somehow singled out, otherwise the meaning of what we are talking about or read may be misunderstood or not quite right. Need to practice with child, read a line highlighting key words. Reading with a child is better in turn, (adult reads for to give sample reading) until your student succeeds in highlighting the main words with his voice.

6. Select the desired reading pace, observing pauses. It is important to choose the right pace of reading, observing short and long pauses when reading. As a rule, the pace of reading depends on the content (what the text is about, moods (sad poetry, usually, read slower than joyful, on the type of speech (narration read faster than description or reasoning). Need to train read the same sentence in three different tempos (fast, medium, slow). If a it is difficult for the child to change pace, you can give a sample reading or read with him.

Important will learn make short and long pauses. Need to be explained to kid that a pause is a stop while reading. Pauses are short (silent for 1 second). Short pauses are made where there is a comma or after the main word. Pauses are long (silent for 3 seconds). Long pauses are made at the end of a sentence, at the end poetic line

Reading aloud can be accompanied by facial expressions and gestures. They will make the performance more interesting and emotional.

Learned and forgotten? After poem learned to try to keep the child's interest in him. learned poem can be given to grandparents for birthdays, used in home concerts. You can tell the learned rhyme on behalf of your favorite characters. Everyone has it fairy tale hero his character and, accordingly, his manner of speech. Try to get used to the role yourself, say Cheburashka or Pinocchio, and tell yourself or together with the baby the learned rhyme. So, following these simple guidelines, you can teach child to love literature, poetry, to notice the beauty around him, to form a clear clear expressive speech which is very useful not only in school, but also in adulthood.

Examples of children's analysis poems for expressive reading.

"Pussy" I. Zhukov

Hello kitty, how are you?

Why did you leave us? (affectionately, interrogative intonation)

I can't live with you

There is no place to put the tail. (offended)

Walk, yawn

Step on your tail! (angrily)

"Builder" G. Ladonshchikov

With a beak, like a chisel, (rhythmically, passing the knock)

The woodpecker is building a new house,

Even though he doesn't know yet (puzzled)

Who will be registered in it.

Siskin flies up to the woodpecker:

What are you, woodpecker, knocking here? (questioningly)

A whole hour in the hollow of an aspen, (surprised)

Like tied, stick out!

I don't knock here for no reason! (kindly)

I want to get worms.

I'll dine for glory (with pleasure) And I'll fly aspen.

Good day, friends! Summer holidays are in full swing, our schoolchildren have a lot of free time, why not use a small part of it for the benefit of the child?

Usually, in the summer, schoolchildren are asked home reading so that children do not lose their skills and during school year don't waste precious time studying literary works. Like, I already said, but about teaching expressive reading junior schoolchildren, so that “with feeling, sense, arrangement” we have not yet spoken. Ready?

Lesson plan:

Basics of expressive reading

Usually, work on expressive reading is carried out in primary school teachers. It is they who, by their own example, show our children how, with the help of words and intonation, one can capture the attention of the listener, convey the emotions of the author of the work and his feelings.

But imagine how many students in the class and how little time in literature lessons can be devoted to this process. Therefore, it is not surprising that when hearing how a young schoolboy is in the children's room, many parents begin to intervene, pointing out mistakes and suggesting where and how to stress, which words to especially focus on, speed up or slow down the pace.

Teachers consider understanding the essence of readable work, calling it an indicator of consciousness. Agree that only what is well understood can be read beautifully. That's why

Teachers are advised not to forget that students elementary school due to age, monkey imitativeness is still characteristic, when children phonetically accurately copy reproduction, without particularly delving into the meaning. Demonstrating the initial reading pattern is certainly necessary, but it should not be put at the forefront. This can later play a cruel joke: in the end, you will have to read it on your own sometime, without subtitles. So that

The process of expressive reading also has another extreme: some children, clearly aware of what and about what they read, nevertheless, do it monotonously. This is due to shyness and shyness. In such cases, parents have to develop courage. Try the old ways: a stool and familiar close faces in the form of grateful listeners. Let the child feel like a real actor who is applauded. Concerning

It is believed that everything can be read expressively: from poetic works to mathematical multiplication tables. After all, this is a purely creative process. Using tempo and stress, chanting or chasing a verbal step, in any case, the child should see pauses in the text where you need to take a break and stop. So

For beautiful and measured speech, we develop attention and the ability to see silent clues in the work - dots, commas, dashes, exclamation marks and question marks. Read the text together once, pointing to the places of the necessary stops.

Smell flowers, catch mosquitoes

Of course, each teacher has his own methods for developing the expressiveness of reading in schoolchildren. And what should we do, ordinary parents who have nothing to do with pedagogy and do not possess such knowledge.

Found on the Internet absolutely simple tips teachers for ordinary users like you and me, without frills.

Breathing exercises allow you to teach measured and economical use of air during speech, timely filling of the lungs imperceptibly, without jerking.

We represent a narrow strip of paper as a candle and blow on it so that the breath is even and without sharp fluctuations.
We imagine that we are smelling a flower: we gradually draw air into ourselves, filling our chest with it.
We catch mosquitoes: when inhaling, the arms are spread apart, and when exhaling, gradually “so as not to frighten away our mosquito”, they are reduced back. Clap hands, and no one squeaks over the ear. With such a breathing exercise, during exhalation, children pronounce the sound “zzzzz”.

Breath control allows you to control your voice, which also has its own techniques for training.

In a sitting position, holding your head straight, with a deep breath, we pronounce the consonant sounds “mmmmmm”, “nnnnn”, “llllll” smoothly and drawling, then including the vowel sounds “llaaa”, “mmmii”, “nnnnuuu” and others in the drawn-out singing, which one do you like better. At the same time, we raise-lower-raise the timbre of the voice with a wave.
In the same starting position, we pronounce the syllables briefly “not, neither, mu, ma, la, lu”, making pauses between them and gradually increasing the pace.
We turn on the monkey, for which we stand in front of the mirror and raise and lower the elongated tongue, twist the tongue with an open mouth, touch the upper and lower teeth.

To develop the diction and speech apparatus of the future skillful reader, tongue twisters are also actively used, so learn how “Sasha walks along the highway” and “cancer bites Greka”.

We work with hands and build eyes

An important underlying tool in expressive reading is undoubtedly emotion. Do not stop the child if suddenly his hands began to dance and his eyebrows took shape in a characteristic arch. If the gestures of your readers correspond to the content of the work being read, this is a big plus for conveying the author's feelings and moods.

With the help of smiles, children express joy and bright feelings, as well as irony and sarcasm.
Drawn eyebrows make the face frown, and a lowered look makes it clear that the person is offended. Raising the brow arches up, the child is surprised. If you lower the tips of the lips and push the chin forward, we get an aggressive reader.
Gestures and hand movements can say everything without words, and when reading, they enhance the meaning of the spoken phrases. In this case, you can apply various poses, throwing your arms to the sides, pushing your legs, hunching over or sticking out your stomach - all this motivates the text of the work.

Such emotional skills and abilities are well practiced in front of a mirror. A little patience - and in front of you is a self-confident actor.

Or an actress) Watch the video, there is a little girl, Varya Ivleva, reading a poem. And she has no problems with expressive reading.

Do not forget that when at school, not only speed is taken into account, but also expressiveness, so practice and let everything work out for you)

That's all for today. I hope that the information will be useful to you. Waiting for your comments, friends. Share the link to the article in networks. Let's make the world of our children brighter together!

All the best to you!

Always yours, Evgenia Klimkovich.

The phrase "expressive reading" began to be actively used in mid-nineteenth century and meant the skill of the artistic word and the discipline of teaching this skill to children. Expressive reading is the skill of displaying in the word feelings and thoughts that are filled with highly artistic work, showing an individual assessment of the author's work by the performer.

Expressive reading means reciting from memory or reading from a book with adherence to the principles literary pronunciation. At the same time, the figurative and ideological essence of the work is most fully expressed. Expressive reading is used as a language teaching technique.

Reading is characterized by four criteria:

Fluency is the speed of reading. Determines the perception (understanding) of the read text. Fluency is usually measured by the number of words or characters read per minute.
Correctness implies unhurried reproduction without altering the essence of a literary work.
Consciousness is the understanding of the author's idea, the comprehension of the artistic methods by which the idea is embodied, the clarification of one's own attitude to the work.
The expressiveness of reading is formed during the analysis of a literary work.

To read the text expressively means to find a way through oral speech to truthfully and accurately convey the intentions and feelings inherent in the essay. Such a means of transmission is intonation.

Intonation represents the interaction of the components of oral speech (tempo, sound, stress, rhythm, pauses). The components support each other. The interaction between them is generated by the content and emotions of the text, the goal that the author sets for the reader.

Characteristics of the principles of teaching expressive reading

The principle of expressive reading is the comprehension of the artistic essence and intent of the composition. It is important to identify the extent to which the text is clear to listeners. To make reading effective will help the awareness of the task, the goal that is pursued when reading. The success of the transmission of a work largely depends on the beauty, literacy, and brightness of the reader's speech. The content allows you to accurately identify which means to use when transmitting the text.

Expressive reading implies persistent, laborious work on the means of conveying the idea, feelings and content of the work. Correct breathing, distinct pronunciation of sounds, skills of correctly conveying emotions through speech are important.

Expressive reading involves the use of means of brightness, such as:

Intonation.
logical emphasis.
Pause.
Pace.
The height and strength of the voice.

Intonation

The importance of intonation and its elements in reading is very high, therefore, in the formation of speech expressiveness, special attention should be paid to the development of intonational brightness.

Components of intonation:

The force that manifests itself in stresses and determines the dynamics of oral speech.
The direction that predetermines the melodiousness of speech and is shown in the following of the voice along the sounds with different pitches.
Hue or timbre, which determines the emotional coloring.
The speed, which is expressed in the continuous sound of speech and pauses. Predetermines the rhythm and pace of speech.

The recitation of a literary work by a teacher, a schoolchild and an actor is different, since the conditions of expressiveness are different for them. The actor is fluent in voice and other means, and also has the opportunity to thoroughly prepare for reading. Students have other requirements. By watching videos of professional readers, you can learn to read a work with the correct intonation coloring.

Principles of expressive reading

The rules of expressive reading are a set of recommendations that help to quickly and effectively develop skills literary reading at schoolchildren. The reading memo is aimed at developing a culture of handling the book, contains recommendations on the preparation and correct reading.

The lesson of expressive reading should arouse interest in literary creativity, cultivate love for the figurative word.

Tips for parents on building a child's interest in reading

You should buy books for your child that are colorfully designed with fascinating content.
It is not the length of reading that matters, but the frequency. That is, it is better to read many times for 15 minutes than one hour and a half. A gentle reading mode is preferable for a child - I read three lines, rested.
To form the habit of communicating with a book, you need to read to your child every day.
The read work must be discussed with the family, telling the child about the author.
Remembering the work, you need to slightly alter the text, this will help to understand whether the child remembered the content well.
Advise your child on the works of your childhood, share your impressions about them.
Buy books by authors you like, create your own library.

After many years, already in adulthood, the child will associate books with close and dear people, with the warmth of his home.

Memo to parents

Reading is an entrance to the world of knowledge, it is a guarantee of a child's progress in school.
A child will love books only because of the combined efforts of school and family.
Familiarize yourself with the main requirements of expressive, fluent, conscious reading.
The recommendation list will help you choose books for your child.
Own children's library will allow you to exchange books with friends, which will increase interest in reading.

Knowledge of the works of children's literature and the work of children's writers and poets makes it easier for parents to choose books for their child. Such knowledge is also indispensable integral part professionalism and competence of a teacher or educator, a specialist working with children.

Familiarize parents and educators with literary creativity children's poets and writers, the discipline "Children's Literature with a Workshop on Expressive Reading" is called. The purpose of the subject is to improve the skills of analyzing children's literary works, the importance of literary reading in the development of a child's personality is considered.

The structure of the discipline "Children's Literature with a Workshop on Expressive Reading" is a historical, chronological way of presenting material on literature for children. It also includes a logically based practice on expressive reading.

Student Reading Guide

Memo #1: Reading Rules

It is necessary to devote at least a quarter of an hour a day to reading, sitting comfortably, preferably not lying down.
If you read with the TV or music on, it will be difficult to understand what the text is about. Therefore, you should turn off the TV, music, remove all distracting objects.
There is no need to rush when reading and focus on time, otherwise the meaning of the text or poem will remain misunderstood and slip away.
It is necessary to take breaks, pauses, physical exercises.
It is necessary to analyze the actions and deeds of the heroes of the work, draw conclusions for yourself. Discuss what you read with friends.
Mark the place where the reading was interrupted by putting a bookmark between the pages.
Entertaining and interesting information can be written in a notebook. It will come in handy in the future.

Memo #2: Expressive Reading

Expressive reading is impossible without understanding the meaning of the content of the work.

Adhere to the correct pace and rhythm when reading. Haste is not needed here.
Diction - pronunciation should be intelligible, loud, distinct.
Be sure to pause if there are punctuation marks.
With the help of logical stress, highlight the key words in the meaning of a literary work.
Poems or text, when read, should have an emotional coloring.
Content understanding required poem being read or prose.

Memo No. 3: Proper work with the book

The ability to work correctly with a book, to process information from printed sources, is of exceptional importance for high school students. The inability to act with a book will affect school performance, as homework, class work will take a lot of time. This state of affairs will lead to the fact that the student will be tired, while the ability to absorb knowledge will decrease.

It is necessary to develop the skills of correct, fluent, meaningful reading.
Expressive reading. Read the text or verses, determine the main idea of creation, find individual elements in the content and their semantic significance, read again.
Determine the chronological order of actions of a literary work.
Extra-curricular activities involve keeping a diary of read works, using a list of books recommended by the teacher, and the skill of recording data about a work from the title page.

Expressive recitation of a poem

Poetry best gives the child an understanding of the essence of expressive reading. When a good reader recites familiar verses or texts, listeners begin to understand them in a new way. They are imbued with the mood of the person pronouncing the words.

Actors, thanks to their talent, knowledge and professional skills, read poetry, captivating the audience. By carefully watching videos of performances by famous artists, you can borrow interesting techniques for reading poetry and prose.

The lesson of literature at school is designed to arouse interest in the artistic, figurative word, to cultivate a love for the book. Expressive reading is an important skill that allows you to convey to the audience the idea of the work, its ideological content. To reveal the subtlest nuances of feelings, experiences of sensations of the heroes of a literary text or poetry. Finding a way to get into the heart of the listeners by reading the text will help videos of speeches by professional readers.